Control of Air Pollution; Emission Standards for New Nonroad Spark-ignition Engines At or Below 19 Kilowatts

Note: EPA no longer updates this information, but it may be useful as a reference or resource.

[Federal Register: July 3, 1995 (Volume 60, Number 127)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 34581-34657]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 9 and 90
[FRL-5217-6]
RIN 2060-AF78

Control of Air Pollution; Emission Standards for New Nonroad
Spark-ignition Engines At or Below 19 Kilowatts

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: This action establishes the first phase of regulations to
control emissions from new nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below
19 kilowatts (25 horsepower). Regulatory requirements will for the
first time control emissions from these engines, which cause or
contribute to nonattainment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards
for carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone. These engines are used principally
in lawn and garden equipment. The new standards are expected to result
in a 32 percent reduction in hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and a 7 percent
reduction in CO emissions from these engines in the year 2020, when
complete fleet turnover is projected. A second phase of regulations
addressing emissions from these engines is currently under development.

EFFECTIVE DATE: This rule becomes effective on August 2, 1995. The
incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in the
regulations is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of
August 2, 1995.

ADDRESSES: Materials relevant to this rulemaking are contained in EPA
Air Docket LE-131: Docket No. A-93-25 at the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, room M-1500, 401 M Street SW., Washington, DC 20460.
The docket may be inspected at this location from 8:30 a.m. until 5:30
p.m. weekdays. The docket office also may be reached by telephone:
(202) 260-7548 (or fax (202) 260-4400). As provided in 40 CFR part 2, a
reasonable fee may be charged by EPA for photocopying.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lisa Snapp, Office of Mobile Sources,
Certification Division, (313) 741-7900.
An informational workshop will be held at 10 a.m. on Thursday,
August 10, 1995, at the Sheraton Inn, 3200 Boardwalk, Ann Arbor,
Michigan; for more information, contact Linda Zirkelbach, Office of
Mobile Sources, Certification Division, (313) 668-4567.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Table of Contents

I. Obtaining Copies of Documents
II. Legal Authority and Background
III. Description of the Action
A. Overview
B. General Enforcement Provisions
C. Program Description
IV. Public Participation
A. Model Year Definition and Effective Date
B. Definition of Handheld Equipment, Snowthrowers, and Twostroke
Lawnmowers
C. Requirements Applicable to Vehicle and Equipment
Manufacturers
D. CO Standard
E. Labeling
V. Environmental Benefit Assessment
VI. Economic Effects
A. Industry Cost Impacts
B. Consumer Cost Impacts
C. Cost-Effectiveness
VII. Administrative Requirements
A. Administrative Designation and Regulatory Analysis
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
C. Unfunded Mandates Act
D. Regulatory Flexibility Act

I. Obtaining Copies of Documents

The proposed regulatory language (which was not published with the
notice of proposed rulemaking for this rule), the final rulemaking
(both preamble and regulatory language), the Regulatory Support
Document (RSD), and the Response to Comments (RTC) are available
electronically on the Technology Transfer Network (TTN). TTN is an
electronic bulletin board system (BBS) operated by EPA's Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards. Users are able to access and download
TTN files on their first call. After logging onto TTN BBS, to navigate
through the BBS to the files of interest, the user must enter the
appropriate command at each of a series of menus. The steps required to
access information on this rulemaking are listed below. The service is
free, except for the cost of the phone call.

TTN BBS: 919-541-5742 (1,200-14,400 bps, no parity, eight data bits,
one stop bit)
Voice help: 919-541-5384;
Internet address: TELNET ttnbbs.rtpnc.epa.gov;
Off-line: Mondays from 8:00-12:00 Noon ET;

Technology Transfer Network Top Menu;
<T> GATEWAY TO TTN TECHNICAL AREAS (Bulletin Boards);
Command: T;
TTN TECHNICAL INFORMATION AREAS;
<M> OMS--Mobile Sources Information;
Command: M;
OMS BBS ==== MAIN MENU;
FILE TRANSFERS;
<K> Rulemaking & Reporting;
Command: K;
RULEMAKING PACKAGES;
<6> Non-Road;
Command: 6;
Non-Road Rulemaking Area;
File area # 2 . . . Non-Road Engines;
Command: 2<CR>;
Non-Road Engines.

At this stage, the system will list all available nonroad engine
files. To download a file, select a transfer protocol which will match
the terminal software on your own computer, then set your own software
to receive the file using that same protocol.
If unfamiliar with handling compressed (that is, ZIP'ed) files, go
to the TTN top menu, System Utilities (Command: 1) for information and
the necessary program to download in order to unZIP the files of
interest after downloading to your computer. After getting the files
you want onto your computer, you can quit TTN BBS with the <G>oodbye
command.

II. Legal Authority and Background

Authority for the actions set forth in this rule is granted to EPA
by sections 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 213, 215, 216, and
301(a) of the Clean Air Act as amended (``CAA'' or ``Act'') (42 U.S.C.
7521, 7522, 7523, 7524, 7525, 7541, 7542, 7543, 7547, 7549, 7550, and
7601(a)).
On May 16, 1994, the Agency published a Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking (NPRM) for this rule.1 That proposed rule contains
substantial information relevant to the matters discussed throughout
this final rule. The reader is referred to that document for additional
background information and discussion of various issues.

\1\ 59 FR 25399 (May 16, 1994).
The Nonroad Engine and Vehicle Emission Study 2 (``Nonroad
Study'') required by section 213(a)(1) of the Act was completed in
November 1991. The Agency was required by section 213(a)(2) of the Act
to determine whether emissions of CO, oxides of nitrogen (NO_X),
and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from new and existing nonroad
engines, equipment, and vehicles are significant contributors to ozone
and CO concentrations in more than one area that has failed to attain
the national ambient air quality standards for ozone and CO. This
significance determination was finalized

[[Page 34583]]
on June 17, 1994 (59 FR 31306) and is incorporated by reference into
this final rulemaking. In that same Federal Register notice, the first
set of regulations for a class or category of nonroad engines that
cause or contribute to such air pollution, required by section
213(a)(3), was promulgated for new nonroad compression-ignition (CI)
engines at or above 37 kilowatts (kW). Today's action continues to
implement section 213(a)(3) by establishing emission standards and
other requirements for another class or category of nonroad engines
that causes or contributes to such air pollution: nonroad sparkignition
(SI) engines at or below 19 kW, hereafter referred to as
``small SI engines.''

\2\ The Nonroad Study is available in EPA Air Docket #A-91-24.
It is also available through the National Technical Information
Service, referenced as document PB 92-126960.

These standards reflect the greatest degree of emission reduction
achievable through the application of technology that EPA has
determined will be available for small SI engines, considering the cost
of applying such technology within available lead time and noise,
energy, and safety factors associated with such technology.
According to the Nonroad Study, nonroad engines, equipment, and
vehicles contribute an average of 10 percent of summer VOCs in the
nineteen ozone nonattainment areas included in the study. Small SI
engines are the source of half of those nonroad summer VOC emissions.
In the sixteen CO nonattainment areas included in the study, nonroad
engines, equipment, and vehicles account on average for 9 percent of
winter CO emissions. Small SI engines are the source of 56 percent of
the nonroad winter CO contribution, according to the study.
The Agency initiated a convening process to determine the best way
to work with industry and other interested parties in developing
regulations for small SI engines. The conveners interviewed individuals
in leadership roles in key organizations to determine what parties were
interested in these regulations, what issues were important to
interested parties, and whether a consultative rulemaking process would
be feasible and appropriate. The convening report recommended an
exploratory meeting of interested parties to discuss a consultative
process.3 After two such meetings, it was suggested that EPA
consider a two-phased approach to regulation of small SI engines. In
the first phase, EPA would propose regulations for new small SI engines
through the normal regulatory process rather than a consultative
process. The Phase 1 regulations would be similar to the Regulation for
1995 and Later Utility and Lawn and Garden Equipment Engines issued by
the California Air Resource Board (CARB), modified as necessary to meet
CAA requirements (for example, EPA's proposal could modify CARB's
program by including engines preempted from regulation in California).
The Phase 1 proposal would be completed as soon as possible, but no
later than spring of 1995. The second phase of regulation could be
developed through the consultative process of regulatory negotiation,
and could include issues such as useful life, in-use emissions,
evaporative emissions, refueling emissions, test procedure, and marketbased
incentive programs. The Phase 2 negotiations were anticipated to
begin in Fall 1993 and continue for approximately 18 months. The Agency
decided to proceed with this phased approach.

\3\ A copy of the convening report, dated August 24, 1992, is
available in the docket for this rulemaking.

The settlement of Sierra Club v. Browner, Civ. No. 93-0197 NHJ
(D.D.C. 1993) required EPA to propose emission standards for small SI
engines by April 1994 and to promulgate such standards by May 30, 1995.
In accordance with the terms of the settlement, the EPA Administrator
signed the Phase 1 NPRM on April 29, 1994; the NPRM was published on
May 16, 1994 (59 FR 25399).
A public hearing was held on June 21, 1994. The close of the
comment period on the NPRM was extended from July 15, 1994, to August
5, 1994.

III. Description of the Action

The general provisions of this rule are briefly described in this
section.

A. Overview

This rule initiates federal regulation of emissions of HC,
NO<INF>X, and CO from certain new nonroad SI engines that have a gross
power output at and below 19 kW.4 A spark-ignition engine is an
internal combustion engine in which the air/fuel mixture is ignited in
the combustion chamber by an electric spark.

\4\ To convert kilowatts to horsepower multiply kW by 1.34 and
round to the same number of significant digits. For example, 3.5 kW

1.34 = 4.7 hP.

This rule has the following regulatory scheme:
<bullet> Designation of product lines into groups of engines with
similar emission characteristics (such groups are called engine
families),
<bullet> Manufacturer emission testing of selected engines with a
specified test procedure to demonstrate compliance with new engine
emission standards,
<bullet> Labeling of engines, and alternatively, equipment labeling
if the engine label becomes obscured when placed in the equipment,
<bullet> Submission of an application for certification for each
engine family,
<bullet> Inclusion of various certification requirements such as
the prohibition of defeat devices,
<bullet> Issuance of an emission certificate of conformity for each
engine family,
<bullet> Prohibition against offering for sale in the United States
engines not certified by EPA,
<bullet> Requirement that equipment manufacturers use the
appropriate handheld or nonhandheld certified engine in their
equipment,
<bullet> Recordkeeping and reporting requirements,
<bullet> EPA Administrator testing provisions,
<bullet> Design warranty provisions and prohibition on tampering,
<bullet> Inclusion of all new farm and construction engines at or
below 19 kW, state regulation of which is preempted under the CAA,
<bullet> Development of a voluntary engine manufacturer's program
to evaluate in-use emission deterioration,
<bullet> Requirement that if catalysts are used in an engine
family, catalyst durability must be confirmed by means of the
evaluation procedure that is specified in this notice,
<bullet> Defect reporting and voluntary recall,
<bullet> Importation provisions,
<bullet> General prohibitions and enforcement provisions, and
<bullet> Production line Selective Enforcement Auditing (SEA).
Certain elements of EPA's on-highway program are not being promulgated
in this Phase 1 rule, including:
<bullet> No certification requirement for engine durability
demonstration,
<bullet> No performance warranty,
<bullet> No averaging, banking, and trading program, and
<bullet> No useful life determination, in-use standards,5 nor
mandatory recall.

\5\ However, 40 CFR 90.105 specifies that a useful life period
will be promulgated by 1997. In-use standards and enforcement are
expected to be included in Phase 2.

B. General Enforcement Provisions

As authorized in the CAA, EPA will enforce nonroad standards in a
manner similar to on-highway standards. Section 213(d) of the Act
provides that the standards promulgated under section 213 ``shall be
subject to sections [206, 207, 208, and 209], with such modifications
of the applicable regulations implementing such sections

[[Page 34584]]
as the Administrator deems appropriate, and shall be enforced in the
same manner as standards prescribed under section [202].'' 6
Section 206 specifies requirements for motor vehicles and motor vehicle
engine compliance testing and certification. Section 207 requires
manufacturers to warrant compliance by motor vehicles and motor vehicle
engines in actual use. Section 208 requires recordkeeping by
manufacturers of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines and
authorizes EPA to collect information and require reports. Finally,
section 209 preempts states or any political subdivisions from
enforcing standards relating to control of emissions, certification,
inspection, or any other approval relating to the control of emissions
of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, unless specifically
authorized to do so by EPA. Section 209 also preempts states or any
political subdivision from enforcing any standard or other requirement
relating to the control of emissions from new nonroad engines or new
nonroad vehicles.

\6\ 42 U.S.C. 7547(d).

Pursuant to this authority, EPA is in today's action promulgating
regulations that require manufacturers of new small SI engines to
obtain certification and that subject them to Selective Enforcement
Auditing. Any manufacturer of a new small SI engine is responsible for
obtaining from the Administrator a certificate of conformity covering
any engine introduced into commerce in the United States.
The Agency is also finalizing general enforcement provisions and
certain prohibited acts similar to those established for on-highway
vehicles under sections 203, 204, 205, and 208 of the CAA. Section 203
specifies prohibited acts; section 204 provides for federal court
injunctions of violations of section 203(a); section 205 provides for
assessment of civil penalties for violations of section 203; and
section 208 provides the Agency with information collection authority.
The general enforcement language of section 213(d) provides the
Agency's authority for applying sections 203, 204, 205, 206, and 208 of
the CAA to new small SI engines and equipment.
As applied to nonroad engines, vehicles, and equipment under
section 213(d), Phase 1 prohibited acts include, but are not limited
to:
<bullet> An engine manufacturer's introduction into commerce of new
small SI engines that are not covered by a certificate of conformity
issued by EPA,
<bullet> The introduction into commerce of new small SI equipment
and vehicles that do not incorporate the appropriate nonhandheld or
handheld certified nonroad engine,
<bullet> Tampering with emission control devices or elements of
design installed on or in a small SI engine, and
<bullet> Failure to provide information to the Agency if requested.
The Agency is also establishing regulations, under the authority of
section 205 of the Act, which set forth the maximum statutory penalties
for violating the prohibitions.
The Agency is promulgating general information collection
provisions similar to current on-highway provisions under section 208
of the Act which include, but are not limited to, the manufacturer's
responsibility to provide information to EPA, perform testing if
requested by EPA, and maintain records. In addition, emission system
defect reporting regulations require manufacturers to report to EPA
specific emission system-related defects that affect a given class or
category of engines. Agency enforcement personnel are authorized to
gain entry and access to various facilities under section 208 and
today's action includes these entry and access provisions.
This rule's information requirements are similar to those set forth
in the nonroad large CI rule,7 but are reduced from the on-highway
program requirements.

\7\ 59 FR 31306 (June 17, 1994).

The Agency is authorized under section 217 of the CAA to establish
fees to recover compliance program costs associated with sections 206
and 207. In the future EPA will propose to establish fees for this
nonroad compliance program, after determining associated costs of the
compliance program.

C. Program Description

This section describes several features of EPA's Phase 1 small SI
engine and vehicle and equipment compliance program. Some specific
issues related to the program which require in-depth discussion are
highlighted in section IV. of this preamble (``Public Participation'');
all issues commented upon are addressed in detail in the Response to
Comments document, located in the docket. In particular, the Response
to Comments document should be consulted for more information dealing
with issues that are not discussed under the Public Participation
section of this document but that have seen a significant change in EPA
position between the NPRM and the final rule (specifically, the
selection of the worst-case emitter, the voluntary in-use testing
program, the absence of a cap on noise, and the catalyst durability
requirements).

Applicability
This rule applies to new nonroad SI engines that have a gross power
output rated at or below 19 kW and are manufactured during or after the
1997 model year, for use in the United States. The scope of this rule
encompasses a broad range of small SI engine applications, including
farm and construction equipment, which individual states are preempted
from regulating under section 209(e)(1) of the CAA. New engines that
are covered by this rule are used in a large and varied assortment of
vehicles and equipment including lawnmowers, string trimmers, edgers,
chain saws, commercial turf equipment, small construction equipment,
and lawn and garden tractors.
Scope: Exemptions and Exclusions
Pursuant to section 203(b)(1) of the CAA, the Agency is
promulgating exemptions and exclusions from this new small SI engine
regulation similar to those existing for on-highway engines and nonroad
large CI engines. Nonroad engines used solely for competition or combat
are excluded from regulation in accordance with the CAA. Exemptions
have been established for purposes of research, investigations,
studies, demonstrations, training, or for reasons of national security.
Such exemptions may be obtained either categorically, that is without
application to the Administrator, or by submitting a written
application to the Administrator. Export exemptions and manufacturerowned
engine exemptions will be granted without application. Testing
exemptions, display exemptions, and national security exemptions must
be obtained by application.
The rule also explicitly limits its coverage such that it does not
extend to the small SI engines described below:
(1) Engines used to propel marine vessels, as defined in the
General Provisions of the United States Code, 1 U.S.C. 3 (1992); this
definition of ``vessel'' includes every description of watercraft or
other artificial contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means
of transportation on water 8;

\8\ The Agency proposed appropriate methods of regulating
emissions from these engines separately; the NPRM was published on
November 9, 1994 at 59 FR 55930.

(2) Engines used in underground mining or engines used in
underground mining equipment and regulated by the Mining Safety and
Health

[[Page 34585]]
Administration (MSHA) in 30 CFR parts 7, 31, 32, 36, 56, 57, 70, and
75;
(3) Engines used in motorcycles and regulated in 40 CFR part 86,
subpart E;
(4) Engines used in aircraft, as that term is defined in 40 CFR
87.1(a);
(5) Engines used in recreational vehicles. Recreational vehicles
are defined as engines which have no speed governor and which have a
rated speed of greater than or equal to 5,000 revolutions per minute
(rpm). Engines used in recreational vehicles, by definition, are not
used to propel marine vessels, and they cannot be capable of meeting
the criteria to be categorized as a Class III, IV, or V engine under
this rule.
3. Model Year and Effective Date
The model year definition employed for the engines covered by this
rulemaking is the same as that employed for on-highway certification. A
model year includes January 1 of the calendar year for which it is
designated, but does not include a January 1 for any other calendar
year. The maximum duration of a model year is one calendar year plus
364 days.
This rule is effective with model year 1997. A manufacturer may
choose to produce both certified engine families and uncertified engine
families during annual production periods that start before September
1, 1996. Annual production periods commencing prior to September 1,
1996 must not exceed twelve months in duration; this limitation is only
applicable for the start-up of this program. Engines manufactured in a
production period commencing on or after September 1, 1996 must be
certified. The sole exception among regulated engines is for Class V
engines that are preempted from regulation in the State of California;
for these engines, the effective date of the rule is January 1, 1998.
New replacement engines manufactured after the applicable effective
date are subject to this rule. The Agency is not establishing a
separate effective date for nonroad equipment and vehicle
manufacturers. However, as long as they do not stockpile noncertified
engines, equipment and vehicle manufacturers may continue to use
noncertified engines built prior to the effective date until
noncertified engine inventories are used up.
4. Engine Classes
Engine classes are specified both by engine displacement, as
measured in cubic centimeters (cc), and by the type of equipment the
engine powers--either handheld or nonhandheld. There are five engine
classes covered by this rule. Each has a unique set of emission
standards. Nonhandheld engine classes are: Class I--engines less than
225 cc in displacement; and Class II--engines greater than or equal to
225 cc in displacement. Engines powering equipment defined as handheld
are classified as Class III: engines less than 20 cc in displacement,
or Class IV: engines equal to or greater than 20 cc and less than 50 cc
in displacement, or Class V: engines equal to or greater than 50 cc in
displacement. The emission standards promulgated today are considered
Phase 1 new small SI engine standards.
5. Handheld Engine Qualifications
Small SI engines are categorized as either handheld or nonhandheld,
depending on the use of the equipment in which the engine is installed.
A handheld engine must meet at least one of the following four
conditions:
(1) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment that is carried
by the operator throughout the performance of the intended function(s).
(2) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment that must
operate multipositionally, such as upside-down and/or sideways, to meet
its intended function(s).
(3) The engine must be used in a one-person auger for which the
combined engine and equipment dry weight is under 20 kilograms (kg).
(4) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment, other than an
augur, for which the combined engine and equipment dry weight is under
14 kg, no more than two wheels are present, and at least one of the
following attributes is also present:
<bullet> The operator must alternately provide support or carry the
equipment throughout the performance of its intended function(s).
<bullet> The operator must provide support or attitudinal control
for the equipment throughout the performance of its intended
function(s).
<bullet> The engine is used in a hand portable generator or pump.
6. Emission Standards
Under this rule, exhaust emissions from new nonroad small SI
engines must not exceed the standards applicable to their engine
families based on their engine class, as listed in Table 1.

Table 1.--Exhaust Emission Standards
Engine characteristics Pollutant (gram per kilowatt-hour)
Displacement
I Nonhandheld............... <225 16.1 469
II Nonhandheld............... <gr-thn-eq>225 13.4 469
III Handheld.................. <20 295 805 5.36
IV Handheld.................. <gr-thn-eq>20, 241 805 5.36
<50
V Handheld.................. <gr-thn-eq>50 161 603 5.36
Table 2.--Environmental Impact
Annual HC reduction Annual CO reduction Annual NO_Xincrease
Tons Percent Tons Percent Tons Percent
Table 3.--Public Reporting Burden
OMB control
Engines.
Auditing.
Determination.
Testing Exemption.
not finalized).
OMB control
40 CFR citation No.

Document number and name 40 CFR part 90 reference
ASTM D86-93:
ASTM D1319-89:
Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption.
ASTM D2622-92:
ray Spectrometry.
ASTM D2699-92:
Fuels by the Research Method.
ASTM D2700-92:
Aviation Fuels by the Motor Method.
ASTM D3231-89:
ASTM D3606-92:
Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas
Chromatography.
ASTM D5191-93a:
Products (Mini Method).

ASTM E29-93a:
Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data 90.116; 90.509.
to Determine Conformance with Specifications.
40 CFR part
Document number and name 90
reference
SAE Paper 770141, Optimization of a Flame Ionization
Detector for Determination of Hydrocarbon in Diluted
Engine Hydrocarbon
class nitrogen monoxide nitrogen
I 16.1 ............... 469 ...........
not 64.
20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90..... Yes.
10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85............. Yes.
entire range covered, a minimum of
six points are needed.
not 64.
20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90..... Yes.
10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85............. Yes.
entire range covered, a minimum of
six points are needed.
not 64
20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90..... Yes.
10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85............. Yes.
entire range covered, a minimum of
six points are needed.
not 64.
20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90..... Yes.
10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85............. Yes.
entire range covered, a minimum of
six points are needed.
not 64.
20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90..... Yes.
10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85............. Yes.
entire range covered, a minimum of
six points are needed.
Parts
Constituent Volume per
percent million

Nitrogen = Balance
Symbol Term Unit
atmospheric conditions.
F<INF>FCB Fuel specific factor for the carbon
balance calculation.
calculation on dry basis.
hydrogen to carbon ratio.
calculation on wet basis.
to dry air).
for the test mode.
during the cycle).
at ambient temperature.
auxiliaries fitted for the test.
under test conditions.
cooler (if applicable) (average).
the cycle).
basis.
basis.
Table 2.--Measurement Calibration Accuracy and Frequency
Permissible deviation from reading
*
Non-idle Idle
certification test.
certification test.
5
ertification test.
4........... Air consumption..... <plus-minus> 2 <plus-minus> As required.
5
5........... Coolant temperature. <plus-minus> 2 deg. Same........ As required.
C.
6........... Lubricant <plus-minus> 2 deg. Same........ As required.
temperature. C.
7........... Exhaust back <plus-minus> 5 Same........ As required.
pressure.
8........... Inlet depression.... <plus-minus> 5 Same........ As required.
9........... Exhaust gas <plus-minus> 15 deg. Same........ As required.
temperature. C.
10.......... Air inlet <plus-minus> 2 deg. Same........ As required.
temperature C.
(combustion air).
11.......... Atmospheric pressure <plus-minus> 0.5 Same........ As required.

12.......... Humidity (combustion <plus-minus> 3.0 Same........ As required.
air) (relative).
13.......... Fuel temperature.... <plus-minus> 2 deg. Same........ As required.
C.
14.......... Temperature with <plus-minus> 2 deg. Same........ As required.
regard to dilution C.
system.
15.......... Dilution air <plus-minus> 3 Same........ As required.
humidity. absolute.
certification test.
certification test.
certification test.
certification test.
certification test.
Table 3.--Test Fuel Specifications
Procedure
Item Property Tolerances (ASTM) 1
D 2700-92
1 All ASTM procedures in this table have been incorporated by reference. See Sec. 90.7.
Operating
Engine class Test cycle mode
Calibration Data Measurements
Sensor-readout
kPa.
d C.
venturi. C.
and throat of metering venturi. 2 kPa.
percent of NIST
value.
C.
inlet. 5 kPa.
5 kPa.
(optional). C.
period. Rev.
s.
Calibration Data Measurements
Parameter Symbol Units Tolerances
throat of metering venturi.
value
Parameter Units
Table 2.--Test Cycles for Class I-V Engines

(4) Rated Speed
(4) Intermediate Speed Idle
Weighting.................................. ... ... ... ... ... 9 % 29 % 7 %
Weighting.................................. 9 % 29 % 7%
Code
Annual engine family sales letter
[Sample inspection criteria]
Pass Fail Pass Fail
\1\ Test sample passing not permitted at this stage.
\2\ Test sample failure not permitted at this stage.
[Sample Inspection Criteria]
Pass Fail
Stage No. No.
\1\ Test sample passing not permitted at this stage.
\2\ Test sample failure not permitted at this stage.
[Sample Inspection Criteria]
Pass Fail
Stage No. No.
\1\ Test sample passing not permitted at this stage.
\2\ Test sample failure not permitted at this stage.
[Sample Inspection Criteria]
Pass Fail
Stage No. No.
\1\ Test sample passing not permitted at this stage.
\2\ Test sample failure not permitted at this stage.

Notices For
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
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2002
2001
2000
1999
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1996
1995
1994

Control of Air Pollution; Emission Standards for New Nonroad Spark-ignition Engines At or Below 19 Kilowatts

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