National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Public Notification Rule

[Federal Register: June 21, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 120)]
[Corrections]
[Page 38629-38634]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr21jn00-142]

[[Page 38629]]

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 141

[FRL-6580-2]
RIN 2040-AD06

National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Public Notification
Rule

Correction

In rule document 00-9534 beginning on page 25982 in the issue of
Thursday, May 4, 2000, make the following correction:

Sec. 141.204 [Corrected]

1. On page 26037, in the third column, in Sec. 141.204(b), the
paragraph designated as ``(2)(2)'' should be designated as ``(2)''.

Appendix B to Subpart Q [Corrected]

2. On pages 26043 through 20647, appendix B to subpart Q of part
141 is corrected to read as follows:

Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 141.--Standard Health Effects Language for Public Notification
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard health effects language for
Contaminant MCLG \1\ mg/L MCL \2\ mg/L public notification
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR)
A. Microbiological Contaminants
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1a. Total coliform............ Zero See footnote \3\ Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally
present in the environment and are used
as an indicator that other, potentially-
harmful, bacteria may be present.
Coliforms were found in more samples
than allowed and this was a warning of
potential problems.
1b. Fecal coliform/E. coli.... Zero Zero Fecal coliforms and E. coli are bacteria
whose presence indicates that the water
may be contaminated with human or animal
wastes. Microbes in these wastes can
cause short-term effects, such as
diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or
other symptoms. They may pose a special
health risk for infants, young children,
some of the elderly, and people with
severely compromised immune systems.
2a. Turbidity (MCL) \4\....... None 1 NTU \5\/5 NTU Turbidity has no health effects. However,
turbidity can interfere with
disinfection and provide a medium for
microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate
the presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms include
bacteria, viruses, and parasites that
can cause symptoms such as nausea,
cramps, diarrhea and associated
headaches.
2b. Turbidity (SWTR TT) \6\... None TT \7\ Turbidity has no health effects. However,
turbidity can interfere with
disinfection and provide a medium for
microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate
the presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms include
bacteria, viruses, and parasites that
can cause symptoms such as nausea,
cramps, diarrhea and associated
headaches.
2c. Turbidity (IESWTR TT) \8\. None TT Turbidity has no health effects. However,
turbidity can interfere with
disinfection and provide a medium for
microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate
the presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms include
bacteria, viruses, and parasites that
can cause symptoms such as nausea,
cramps, diarrhea and associated
headaches.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) violations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Giardia lamblia (SWTR/ Zero TT \10\ Inadequately treated water may contain
IESWTR). disease-causing organisms. These
organisms include bacteria, viruses, and
parasites which can cause symptoms such
as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and
associated headaches.
4. Viruses (SWTR/IESWTR)......

[[Page 38630]]

5. Heterotrophic plate count
(HPC) bacteria \9\ (SWTR/
IESWTR).
6. Legionella (SWTR/IESWTR)...
7. Cryptosporidium (IESWTR)...
8. Antimony................... 0.006 0.006 Some people who drink water containing
antimony well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience increases in
blood cholesterol and decreases in blood
sugar.
9. Arsenic.................... None 0.05 Some people who drink water containing
arsenic in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience skin damage or
problems with their circulatory system,
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
10. Asbestos (10 m).. 7 MFL \11\ 7 MFL Some people who drink water containing
asbestos in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
developing benign intestinal polyps.
11. Barium.................... 2 2 Some people who drink water containing
barium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience an increase in
their blood pressure.
12. Beryllium................. 0.004 0.004 Some people who drink water containing
beryllium well in excess of the MCL over
many years could develop intestinal
lesions.
13. Cadmium................... 0.005 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
cadmium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience kidney damage.
14. Chromium (total).......... 0.1 0.1 Some people who use water containing
chromium well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience allergic
dermatitis.
15. Cyanide................... 0.2 0.2 Some people who drink water containing
cyanide well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience nerve damage
or problems with their thyroid.
16. Fluoride.................. 4.0 4.0 Some people who drink water containing
fluoride in excess of the MCL over many
years could get bone disease, including
pain and tenderness of the bones.
Fluoride in drinking water at half the
MCL or more may cause mottling of
children's teeth, usually in children
less than nine years old. Mottling, also
known as dental fluorosis, may include
brown staining and/or pitting of the
teeth, and occurs only in developing
teeth before they erupt from the gums.
17. Mercury (inorganic)....... 0.002 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
inorganic mercury well in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
kidney damage.
18. Nitrate................... 10 10 Infants below the age of six months who
drink water containing nitrate in excess
of the MCL could become seriously ill
and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms
include shortness of breath and blue
baby syndrome.
19. Nitrite................... 1 1 Infants below the age of six months who
drink water containing nitrite in excess
of the MCL could become seriously ill
and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms
include shortness of breath and blue
baby syndrome.
20. Total Nitrate and Nitrite. 10 10 Infants below the age of six months who
drink water containing nitrate and
nitrite in excess of the MCL could
become seriously ill and, if untreated,
may die. Symptoms include shortness of
breath and blue baby syndrome.
21. Selenium.................. 0.05 0.05 Selenium is an essential nutrient.
However, some people who drink water
containing selenium in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience hair or
fingernail losses, numbness in fingers
or toes, or problems with their
circulation.
22. Thallium.................. 0.0005 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
thallium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience hair loss,
changes in their blood, or problems with
their kidneys, intestines, or liver.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. Lead and Copper Rule
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Lead...................... Zero TT \12\ Infants and children who drink water
containing lead in excess of the action
level could experience delays in their
physical or mental development. Children
could show slight deficits in attention
span and learning abilities. Adults who
drink this water over many years could
develop kidney problems or high blood
pressure.
24. Copper.................... 1.3 TT \13\ Copper is an essential nutrient, but some
people who drink water containing copper
in excess of the action level over a
relatively short amount of time could
experience gastrointestinal distress.
Some people who drink water containing
copper in excess of the action level
over many years could suffer liver or
kidney damage. People with Wilson's
Disease should consult their personal
doctor.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 2,4-D..................... 0.07 0.07 Some people who drink water containing
the weed killer 2,4-D well in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience
problems with their kidneys, liver, or
adrenal glands.

[[Page 38631]]

26. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)......... 0.05 0.05 Some people who drink water containing
silvex in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience liver problems.
27. Alachlor.................. Zero 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
alachlor in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their
eyes, liver, kidneys, or spleen, or
experience anemia, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
28. Atrazine.................. 0.003 0.003 Some people who drink water containing
atrazine well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems
with their cardiovascular system or
reproductive difficulties.
29. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)..... Zero 0.0002 Some people who drink water containing
benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over
many years may experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
30. Carbofuran................ 0.04 0.04 Some people who drink water containing
carbofuran in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems
with their blood, or nervous or
reproductive systems.
31. Chlordane................. Zero 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
chlordane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with
their liver or nervous system, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
32. Dalapon................... 0.2 0.2 Some people who drink water containing
dalapon well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience minor kidney
changes.
33. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate. 0.4 0.4 Some people who drink water containing di
(2-ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience
general toxic effects or reproductive
difficulties.
34. Di (2-ethylhexyl) Zero 0.006 Some people who drink water containing di
phthalate. (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in excess of
the MCL over many years may have
problems with their liver, or experience
reproductive difficulties, and may have
an increased risk of getting cancer.
35. Dibromochloropropane Zero 0.0002 Some people who drink water containing
(DBCP). DBCP in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
36. Dinoseb................... 0.007 0.007 Some people who drink water containing
dinoseb well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience reproductive
difficulties.
37. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)..... Zero 3 x 10 ^-8 Some people who drink water containing
dioxin in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
38. Diquat.................... 0.02 0.02 Some people who drink water containing
diquat in excess of the MCL over many
years could get cataracts.
39. Endothall................. 0.1 0.1 Some people who drink water containing
endothall in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with
their stomach or intestines.
40. Endrin.................... 0.002 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
endrin in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience liver problems.
41. Ethylene dibromide........ Zero 0.00005 Some people who drink water containing
ethylene dibromide in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience
problems with their liver, stomach,
reproductive system, or kidneys, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
42. Glyphosate................ 0.7 0.7 Some people who drink water containing
glyphosate in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems
with their kidneys or reproductive
difficulties.
43. Heptachlor................ Zero 0.0004 Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience liver damage
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
44. Heptachlor epoxide........ Zero 0.0002 Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor epoxide in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience liver
damage, and may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.
45. Hexachlorobenzene......... Zero 0.001 Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience
problems with their liver or kidneys, or
adverse reproductive effects, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
46. Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene 0.05 0.05 Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their kidneys
or stomach.
47. Lindane................... 0.0002 0.0002 Some people who drink water containing
lindane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with
their kidneys or liver.
48. Methoxychlor.............. 0.04 0.04 Some people who drink water containing
methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience reproductive
difficulties.
49. Oxamyl (Vydate)........... 0.2 0.2 Some people who drink water containing
oxamyl in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience slight nervous
system effects.

[[Page 38632]]

50. Pentachlorophenol......... Zero 0.001 Some people who drink water containing
pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience
problems with their liver or kidneys,
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
51. Picloram.................. 0.5 0.5 Some people who drink water containing
picloram in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with
their liver.
52. Polychlorinated biphenyls Zero 0.0005 Some people who drink water containing
(PCBs). PCBs in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience changes in their
skin, problems with their thymus gland,
immune deficiencies, or reproductive or
nervous system difficulties, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
53. Simazine.................. 0.004 0.004 Some people who drink water containing
simazine in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with
their blood.
54. Toxaphene................. Zero 0.003 Some people who drink water containing
toxaphene in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their
kidneys, liver, or thyroid, and may have
an increased risk of getting cancer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. Benzene................... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
benzene in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience anemia or a
decrease in blood platelets, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
56. Carbon tetrachloride...... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
carbon tetrachloride in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver and may have
an increased risk of getting cancer.
57. Chlorobenzene (monochloro- 0.1 0.1 Some people who drink water containing
benzene). chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems
with their liver or kidneys.
58. o-Dichlorobenzene......... 0.6 0.6 Some people who drink water containing o-
dichlorobenzene well in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver, kidneys, or
circulatory systems.
59. p-Dichlorobenzene......... 0.075 0.075 Some people who drink water containing p-
dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience anemia,
damage to their liver, kidneys, or
spleen, or changes in their blood.
60. 1,2-Dichloroethane........ Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
1,2-dichloroethane in excess of the MCL
over many years may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
61. 1,1-Dichloroethylene...... 0.007 0.007 Some people who drink water containing
1,1-dichloroethylene in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver.
62. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene.. 0.07 0.07 Some people who drink water containing
cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver.
63. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.1 0.1 Some people who drink water containing
trans-1,2-dichloroethylene well in
excess of the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their liver.
64. Dichloromethane........... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
dichloromethane in excess of the MCL
over many years could have liver
problems and may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.
65. 1,2-Dichloropropane....... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
1,2-dichloropropane in excess of the MCL
over many years may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
66. Ethylbenzene.............. 0.7 0.7 Some people who drink water containing
ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience
problems with their liver or kidneys.
67. Styrene................... 0.1 0.1 Some people who drink water containing
styrene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems with
their liver, kidneys, or circulatory
system.
68. Tetrachloroethylene....... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL
over many years could have problems with
their liver, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
69. Toluene................... 1 1 Some people who drink water containing
toluene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems with
their nervous system, kidneys, or liver.
70. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene.... 0.07 0.07 Some people who drink water containing
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene well in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience
changes in their adrenal glands.
71. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane..... 0.2 0.2 Some people who drink water containing
1,1,1-trichloroethane in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver, nervous
system, or circulatory system.

[[Page 38633]]

72. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane..... 0.003 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
1,1,2-trichloroethane well in excess of
the MCL over many years could have
problems with their liver, kidneys, or
immune systems.
73. Trichloroethylene......... Zero 0.005 Some people who drink water containing
trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience
problems with their liver and may have
an increased risk of getting cancer.
74. Vinyl chloride............ Zero 0.002 Some people who drink water containing
vinyl chloride in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
75. Xylenes (total)........... 10 10 Some people who drink water containing
xylenes in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience damage to their
nervous system.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F. Radioactive Contaminants
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. Beta/photon emitters...... Zero 4 mrem/yr \14\ Certain minerals are radioactive and may
emit forms of radiation known as photons
and beta radiation. Some people who
drink water containing beta and photon
emitters in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
77. Alpha emitters............ Zero 15 pCi/L \15\ Certain minerals are radioactive and may
emit a form of radiation known as alpha
radiation. Some people who drink water
containing alpha emitters in excess of
the MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
78. Combined radium (226 & Zero 5 pCi/L Some people who drink water containing
228). radium 226 or 228 in excess of the MCL
over many years may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct Precursors, and Disinfectant Residuals: Where disinfection is used
in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to
form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs). EPA sets standards for controlling the levels of
disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water, including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) \16\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. Total trihalomethanes N/A 0.10/0.080¹⁷ ¹⁸ Some people who drink water containing
(TTHMs). trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL
over many years may experience problems
with their liver, kidneys, or central
nervous system, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
80. Haloacetic Acids (HAA).... N/A 0.060 \19\ Some people who drink water containing
haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL
over many years may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
81. Bromate................... Zero 0.010 Some people who drink water containing
bromate in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
82. Chlorite.................. 0.08 1.0 Some infants and young children who drink
water containing chlorite in excess of
the MCL could experience nervous system
effects. Similar effects may occur in
fetuses of pregnant women who drink
water containing chlorite in excess of
the MCL. Some people may experience
anemia.
83. Chlorine.................. 4 (MRDLG) \20\ 4.0 (MRDL) \21\ Some people who use water containing
chlorine well in excess of the MRDL
could experience irritating effects to
their eyes and nose. Some people who
drink water containing chlorine well in
excess of the MRDL could experience
stomach discomfort.
84. Chloramines............... 4 (MRDLG) 4.0 (MRDL) Some people who use water containing
chloramines well in excess of the MRDL
could experience irritating effects to
their eyes and nose. Some people who
drink water containing chloramines well
in excess of the MRDL could experience
stomach discomfort or anemia.
85a. Chlorine dioxide, where 0.8 (MRDLG) 0.8 (MRDL) Some infants and young children who drink
any 2 consecutive daily water containing chlorine dioxide in
samples taken at the entrance excess of the MRDL could experience
to the distribution system nervous system effects. Similar effects
are above the MRDL. may occur in fetuses of pregnant women
who drink water containing chlorine
dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some
people may experience anemia.
Add for public notification only: The
chlorine dioxide violations reported
today are the result of exceedances at
the treatment facility only, not within
the distribution system which delivers
water to consumers. Continued compliance
with chlorine dioxide levels within the
distribution system minimizes the
potential risk of these violations to
consumers.
85b. Chlorine dioxide, where 0.8 (MRDLG) 0.8 (MRDL) Some infants and young children who drink
one or more distribution water containing chlorine dioxide in
system samples are above the excess of the MRDL could experience
MRDL. nervous system effects. Similar effects
may occur in fetuses of pregnant women
who drink water containing chlorine
dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some
people may experience anemia.

[[Page 38634]]

Add for public notification only: The
chlorine dioxide violations reported
today include exceedances of the EPA
standard within the distribution system
which delivers water to consumers.
Violations of the chlorine dioxide
standard within the distribution system
may harm human health based on short-
term exposures. Certain groups,
including fetuses, infants, and young
children, may be especially susceptible
to nervous system effects from excessive
chlorine dioxide exposure.
86. Control of DBP precursors None TT Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health
(TOC). effects. However, total organic carbon
provides a medium for the formation of
disinfection byproducts. These
byproducts include trihalomethanes
(THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs).
Drinking water containing these
byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead
to adverse health effects, liver or
kidney problems, or nervous system
effects, and may lead to an increased
risk of getting cancer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
H. Other Treatment Techniques
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. Acrylamide................ Zero TT Some people who drink water containing
high levels of acrylamide over a long
period of time could have problems with
their nervous system or blood, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
88. Epichlorohydrin........... Zero TT Some people who drink water containing
high levels of epichlorohydrin over a
long period of time could experience
stomach problems, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[FR Doc. C0-9534 Filed 6-20-00; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 1505-01-D

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