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Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2009
This report, published in November 2009, provides data on the fuel economy, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and technology characteristics of new light-duty vehicles (cars, minivans, sport utility vehicles, and pickup trucks) for model years 1975 through 2009. CO2 emissions data are included in this report for the first time this year. For model year 2009, EPA projects average real-world CO2 emissions to be 422 grams per mile and fuel economy to be 21.1 miles per gallon (the fuel economy values in this report are those that EPA provides to consumers, and are lower than the fuel economy values used for compliance with CAFE standards). These are preliminary estimates, as the 2009 estimates are based on pre-model year production projections provided by automakers to EPA and are much more uncertain than most years due to turmoil in the automotive market. The model year 2008 values are 424 grams per mile CO2 emissions and 21.0 miles per gallon. This report confirms that average CO2 emissions and fuel economy have improved each year beginning in 2005, are at their most favorable levels since 1991, and represent about a 9 percent improvement since 2004. This reverses a long-term trend of worsening CO2 emissions and fuel economy since 1987.
NOTE: You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, available as a free download, to view most of the files on this page. See EPA's PDF page to learn more about PDF, and for a link to the free Acrobat Reader.
Executive Summary
Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel-Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2009 -- Executive Summary (PDF) (12 pp, 126K, EPA420-S-09-001, November 2009) | Executive Summary Tables (Excel) (39K)
Full 2009 Report
Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel-Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2009 (PDF) (111 pp, 782K, EPA420-R-09-014, November 2009) The full report includes the executive summary but does not include the appendices. Full Report Tables (Excel) (235K)
Appendices to the Report
List of Appendices (PDF) (1 pp, 11K)
APPENDIX A: Database Details and Calculation Methods (PDF) (18 pp, 91K)
APPENDIX B: Model Year 2009 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings (Excel) (104K)
APPENDIX C: Fuel Economy Distribution Data (Excel) (208K)
APPENDIX D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type (Excel) (162K)
APPENDIX E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size (Excel) (235K)
APPENDIX F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class (Excel) (161K)
APPENDIX G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class (Excel) (493K)
APPENDIX H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type (Excel) (177K)
APPENDIX I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission Type (Excel) (331K)
APPENDIX J: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count (Excel) (258K)
APPENDIX K: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves Per Cylinder (Excel) (186K)
APPENDIX L: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Marketing Group (Excel) (331K)
APPENDIX M: Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type, and Weight Class (Excel) (427K)
APPENDIX N: Fuel Economy and Ton MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type, and Size (Excel) (161K)
APPENDIX O: Model Year 2009 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type, Weight, and Marketing Group (Excel) (48K)
APPENDIX P: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Marketing Group and Vehicle Type (Excel) (922K)
APPENDIX Q: Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of Fuel-Efficient Vehicles (Excel) (186K)
Full 2008 Report
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2008
For More Information
Please contact Jeff Alson at 734-214-4296, alson.jeff@epa.gov, or:
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
2000 Traverwood Dr.
Ann Arbor, MI 48105