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Table 3-1. Relative Effect of Selected Stream Restoration Practices
-------------RESTORATION PRACTICE -------------
Increase
channel
depth
Plant re-establish
trees & undercut
bushes banks; Re-
Create along narrow establish
drop Restore stream stream riffle
structures wetlands bank width substrate
(1)
==================Aquatic Life Designated Uses==================
Altered
Stream
Geomorphology d o d d d
Fine Sediment
Loads o d d o o
High Velocity/
High Volume
Flows d d d u o
Low Flows d d d d d
===============Narrative Water Quality Parameters===============
Biological
Integrity u u u u u
Toxicity d d d d d
Nuisance
Growths
of Algae d d d d d
Settleable
Solids d d d o d
================Numeric Water Quality Parameters================
DO u u u u u
Temperature o o d d o
pH ud ud d d ud
NH3 d d d d d
Suspended
Solids u d d o o
Bioavailable
Metals ud(b) d ud(b) o ud(b)
u means that the restoration technique
increases water quality parameter;
d means that the restoration technique decreases water quality
parameter;
ud means that site-specific conditions can dictate increase or decrease
in parameter;
o means that the restoration technique has a negligible effect on water
quality parameter.
b Anoxic conditions could lead to the release of
bioavailable metals from sediments.
1 Wetlands and 401 Certification: Opportunities and
Guidelines for States and Indian Tribes. (EPA 1993b) states that "wetlands
are to be treated as waters in and of themselves for purposes of compliance
with water quality standards, and not just as they relate to other surface
waters."
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