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Biographical Information
Biographical Information
Name: Sandra L. BirdTitle: Environmental Engineer
Email: bird.sandra@epa.gov
Education:
B.A., Botany, Univ. of North Carolina @ Chapel Hill, 1974
M.S., Chemistry, Univ. of Texas @ Austin, 1980
M.A., Civil Engineering, Univ. of Texas @ Austin, 1984
Expertise/Research Interests:
Assessing the impact of pesticides use and other agricultural practices
on the environment has been a long term research area of
interest.
Efforts in this area have focused on providing near-field exposure
estimates
for agricultural pesticide use from aerial transport. A new project
focuses
on linking near-field equipment models into a meso-scale transport
framework
to allow assessment of exposures from multiple applications to multiple
fields in a community.
Other research over the past few years has
focused on development of impervious area estimates and forecasts
across
a multi-state area.
The most recent research interest is on the use of canines in the identification of sources of indoor air quality problems. This research is focusing on potential vapor intrusion from contaminated groundwater into buildings.
Select Publications:
Exum, L., R., S. L. Bird, J. Harrison, and C. A. Perkins. 2005. Estimating and Projecting Impervious Cover in the Southeastern United States. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-05/061 (PDF, 113 pp., 2.3 MB, about PDF).
Bird. S.L. 2003. "Using Canines in Source Detection of Indoor Air Pollutants." Indoor Air Quality Problems and Engineering Solutions, Air and Waste Management Association, July 21-13, 2003, RTP, NC.
Bird, S., L. Exum, S. Alberty and C. Perkins. Estimating Impervious Cover from Regionally Available Data. Submitted to the Journal of the American Water Resources Association, May 2002.
Bird, S., J. Harrison, L. Exum, S. Alberty and C. Perkins. 2002. Screening to Identify and Prevent Urban Storm Water Problems: Estimating Impervious Area Accurately and Inexpensively." In Proceedings for National Water Quality Monitoring Conference, May 20-23, 2002, Madison, WI.
Bird, S.L, S.G. Perry, S.L. Ray, and M.E. Teske. 2002. "Evaluation of the AGDISP Aerial Spray Drift Algorithms in the AgDRIFT® Model." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 21(3):672-681.
Teske, M.E., S.L. Bird, D.M. Esterly, T.B. Curbishley, S.L. Ray, and S.G. Perry. 2002. “AgDRIFT®: A Model for Estimating Near-Field Spray Drift from Aerial Applications.” Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 21(3):659-671.
Bird, S.L., L.R. Exum, and S.W. Alberty. 2000. "Generating High Quality Impervious Cover Data". Quality Assurance. 8(2):91-103.
Bird, S.L. 1999. "Human Population" in Mid-Atlantic Stressor Profile Atlas. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, RTP, NC. EPA/600/C-99/003.
Bird, S.L. 1998. Review of Spray Drift Task Force Data: Ground Sprayer and Chemigation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecoystems Research Division, Athens, GA.
Bird, S.L. and S.G. Perry, 1996, Review of Spray Drift Task Force Data Used in Aerial Model Evaluation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, RTP, NC.
Bird, S.L., D.M. Esterly, and S.G. Perry, 1996, "Off-Target Deposition of Pesticides from Agricultural Aerial Spray Applications", Journal of Environmental Quality, 25, 1095-1104.
Bird, S.L., S.L. Ray, M.E. Teske, D.M. Esterly, S.G. Perry, and D.I. Gustafson, 1996, A Revised Screening Level Assessment Method for Aerial Spray Drift of Pesticides, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA.
Bird, S.L., 1995, "A Compilation of Aerial Spray Drift Field Study Data for Low Flight Agricultural Applications", in Environmental Fate of Agrochemicals: A Modern Perspective, M. L. Leng, E. M. K Loevey, and P. L. Zubkoff (eds), Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI.
Bird, S.L., 1994,"Fate and Exposure Modeling in Terrestrial Ecosystems" in Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, R.J. Kendall and T.E. Lacher (eds), pp. 149-160, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
Bird, S.L., J.M. Cheplick and D.S. Brown, 1989, "Preliminary Testing, Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis for the Terrestrial Ecosystem Exposure Assessment Model (TEEAM)", U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Athens, GA.
Bird, S.L., 1988, "Contaminant Modeling with Dredging Applications" Technical Report, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS.
Bird, S.L., R. Hall, and M. Dortch, 1986, "Coupling of Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Models", ASCE, Proceedings of Water Forum '86, Long Beach, CA.
Bird, S.L. and E.R. Holley, 1985, "An Evaluation of a Two-Dimensional Model for Transport of a Slug Release in a Meandering Channel," Technical Report CRWR 207, Center for Research in Water Resources, Austin, Texas.
Cheplick, J.M., S.L. Bird, and R.F. Carsel, 1995, "PIC/PRZM: A Data-layered System for Screening Pesticide Runoff Potential" in Environmental Fate of Agrochemicals: A Modern Perspective, M. L. Leng, E. M. K Loevey, and P. L. Zubkoff (eds), Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI.
Current Projects:
Using Canines in Source Detection of Indoor Air Pollutants.
Development and application of the AgDRIFT model for estimating spray drift from agricultural pesticide applications.
Projecting land use and land cover for the mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment.
Estimation of impervious cover from readily available data sources.