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This page provides current data tables for all the measures in America’s Children and the Environment, including downloadable .csv files (a universal spreadsheet format, which can be opened by most spreadsheet programs).

Environmental Contaminants

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Table E1: Percentage of children living in counties in which air quality standards were exceeded
1993-1998

Pollutant

1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
Ozone eight-hour standard
53%
58%
58%
56%
54%
62%
PM-10
7.3%
6.8%
12%
3.6%
6.0%
5.0%
Carbon monoxide
6.4%
11%
8.3%
7.8%
5.8%
5.3%
Lead
2.1%
1.7%
1.7%
1.6%
1.7%
1.6%
Sulfur dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Nitrogen dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Any standard
55%
59%
60%
57%
55%
63%
1999-2006
Pollution Level
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Ozone eight-hour standard
62%
60%
60%
60%
58%
41%
55%
53%
PM-10
11%
5.8%
5.9%
9.4%
7.6%
6.7%
6.1%
8.7%
PM-2.5
24%
29%
25%
21%
19%
16%
25%
13%
Carbon monoxide
5.7%
0.72%
0.71%
4.1%
1.0%
0.071%
0.18%
0.49%
Lead
0.69%
1.0%
1.0%
0.075%
0.0095%
0.0%
0.073%
0.074%
Sulfur dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Nitrogen dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Any standard
65%
64%
63%
61%
60%
46%
60%
55%
Addendum 1 to Table E1: Percentage of children living in counties in which air quality standards were exceeded, by race/ethnicity, 2006
All Races/
Ethnicities
White non-Hispanic
Black
non-Hispanic
American Indian/Alaska Native non-Hispanic
Asian or Pacific Islander non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Ozone eight-hour standard
53%
44%
59%
34%
67%
69%
PM-10
8.7%
5.7%
7.7%
14%
8.5%
18%
PM-2.5
13%
7.2%
17%
4.4%
16%
25%
Carbon monoxide
0.49%
0.42%
0.82%
0.32%
0.47%
0.47%
Lead
0.074%
0.12%
0.0074%
0.017%
0.012%
0.0058%
Sulfur dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Nitrogen dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Any standard
55%
46%
62%
40%
68%
71%
Addendum 2 to Table E1: Percentage of children living in counties in which air quality standards were exceeded, by family income, 2006
 
All Incomes
< Poverty Level
100-200% of Poverty Level
> 200% of Poverty Level
≥ Poverty Level
Ozone eight-hour standard
53%
52%
50%
53%
53%
PM-10
8.7%
11%
10%
7.7%
8.3%
PM-2.5
13%
17%
14%
11%
12%
Carbon monoxide
0.49%
0.59%
0.51%
0.46%
0.47%
Lead
0.074%
0.039%
0.064%
0.086%
0.081%
Sulfur dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Nitrogen dioxide
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Any standard
55%
55%
53%
55%
55%
Table E2: Percentage of children’s days with good, moderate, or unhealthy air quality
1993-1998
Pollution Level
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
Good
54%
54%
55%
57%
57%
56%
Moderate
12%
12%
11%
10%
10%
12%
Unhealthy
3.6%
3.6%
4.0%
2.9%
2.6%
3.2%
No Monitoring Data
30%
30%
30%
30%
30%
30%
1996-2006
Pollution Level
1999
 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Good
50%
48%
48%
50%
50%
53%
51%
54%
Moderate
18%
22%
22%
21%
21%
20%
22%
20%
Unhealthy
3.9%
3.4%
4.2%
4.7%
3.6%
2.6%
3.1%
2.6%
No Monitoring Data
28%
26%
26%
25%
25%
24%
24%
24%
Addendum 1 to Table E2: Percentage of children’s days with good, moderate, or unhealthy air quality, by race/ethnicity, 2006

Pollution Level

All Races/
Ethnicities
White non-Hispanic
Black non-Hispanic
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific Islander
Hispanic
Good
54%
52%
54%
46%
63%
55%
Moderate
20%
16%
24%
14%
25%
28%
Unhealthy
2.6%
1.6%
2.1%
2.0%
3.9%
5.4%
No Monitoring Data
24%
30%
20%
38%
8.2%
11%
Addendum 2 to Table E2: Percentage of children’s days with good, moderate, or unhealthy air quality, by family income, 2004

Pollution Level

All Incomes
< Poverty Level
100-200% of Poverty Level
> 200% of Poverty Level
≥ Poverty Level
Good
54%
51%
50%
55%
54%
Moderate
20%
22%
20%
19%
20%
Unhealthy
2.6%
3.2%
2.8%
2.3%
2.4%
No Monitoring Data
24%
24%
27%
23%
24%
Table E3a: Long-term trends in annual average concentrations of criteria pollutants
1993-1997

1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
PM-10, percent of annual standard
56%
56%
54%
52%
53%
Nitrogen dioxide, percent of annual standard
42%
44%
42%
40%
38%
Sulfur dioxide, percent of annual standard
20%
19%
15%
15%
15%
1998-2002

 
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
PM-10, percent of annual standard
52%
54%
53%
51%
51%
PM-2.5, percent of annual standard
NA
97%
92%
90%
87%
Nitrogen dioxide, percent of annual standard
38%
39%
37%
36%
34%
Sulfur dioxide, percent of annual standard
15%
15%
13%
13%
12%
2003-2006
2003
2004
2005
2006
PM-10, percent of annual standard
51%
48%
51%
51%
PM-2.5, percent of annual standard
85%
82%
86%
78%
Nitrogen dioxide, percent of annual standard
34%
31%
31%
29%
Sulfur dioxide, percent of annual standard
12%
12%
12%
9.3%

Addendum 1 to Table E3a: Average concentrations of criteria pollutants, by race/ethnicity, 2006

All Races/
Ethnicities
White non-Hispanic
Black non-Hispanic
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific Islander
Hispanic
PM-10, percent of annual standard
51%
48%
49%
51%
50%
57%
PM-2.5, percent of annual standard
78%
76%
83%
68%
76%
79%
Nitrogen dioxide, percent of annual standard
29%
27%
29%
26%
32%
31%
Sulfur dioxide, percent of annual standard
9.3%
10%
10%
7.9%
9.1%
7.1%
Addendum 2 to Table E3a: Average concentrations of criteria pollutants, by family income, 2006
All Incomes
< Poverty Level
100-200% of Poverty Level
> 200% of Poverty Level
≥ Poverty Level
PM-10, percent of annual standard
51%
53%
52%
49%
50%
PM-2.5, percent of annual standard
78%
80%
79%
77%
78%
Nitrogen dioxide, percent of annual standard
29%
30%
29%
28%
29%
Sulfur dioxide, percent of annual standard
9.3%
9.5%
8.9%
9.4%
9.3%
Table E3b: Number of children living in counties with high annual averages of criteria pollutants†
1993-1995

 
1993
1994
1995
Pollutant
Number of children (thousands)
PM-10

Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
3,943
1,659
3,905
Exceeding the long-term standard
34
474
91
Nitrogen dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
272
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
Sulfur dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
45
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
5
1996-2001

 

 1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

Pollutant
Number of children (thousands)

PM-10
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
2,186
2,356
1,396
2,048
1,763
1,829
Exceeding the long-term standard
57
792
35
684
1,009
211
PM-2.5
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
NA
NA
NA
30,935
36,008
34,150
Exceeding the long-term standard
NA
NA
NA
18,312
19,680
16,984
Nitrogen dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sulfur dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
2002-2006
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Pollutant

Number of children (thousands)
PM-10

Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
1,944
1,938
758
1,179
2,179
Exceeding the long-term standard
227
102
46
14
14
PM-2.5
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
32,446
31,496
27,734
33,384
25,121
Exceeding the long-term standard
12,631
10,911
7,307
14,977
2,534
Nitrogen dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Sulfur dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Addendum 1 to Table E3b: Number of children living in counties with high annual averages of criteria pollutants, by race/ethnicity, 2006
All Races/
Ethnicities
White non-Hispanic
Black non-Hispanic
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific Islander
Hispanic
Pollutant
Number of children (thousands)
PM-10
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
2,179
850
117
33
69
1,110
Exceeding the long-term standard
14
1.3
0.032
0.042
0.047
12
PM-2.5
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
25,121
11,763
5,713
95
1,286
6,264
Exceeding the long-term standard
2,534
1,037
594
11
113
779
Nitrogen dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sulfur dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
0
Addendum 2 to Table E3b: Number of children living in counties with high annual averages of criteria pollutants, by family income, 2006
All Incomes
< Poverty Level
100-200% of Poverty Level
> 200% of Poverty Level
≥ Poverty Level
Pollutant
Number of children (thousands)
PM-10
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
2,179
445
545
1,189
1,734
Exceeding the long-term standard
14
4.1
4.6
5.0
10
PM-2.5
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
25,121
4,796
5,330
14,995
20,325
Exceeding the long-term standard
2,534
505
571
1,458
2,029
Nitrogen dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Sulfur dioxide
Exceeding 80% of the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Exceeding the long-term standard
0
0
0
0
0
Table E4: Percentage of children living in counties where estimated hazardous air pollutant concentrations were greater than health benchmarks in 1999
Health Benchmark
  
Cancer, one in 100,000
100%
Cancer, one in 10,000
7.8%
Other health effects
89%
Table E5: Percentage of children ages 6 and under regularly exposed to secondhand smoke in the home
1994
1998
2003
27%
20%
11%
Table E6: Percentage of children served by community water systems that did not meet all applicable health-based drinking water standards
1993-1997
Type of standard violated
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Lead and copper†
2.8%
1.8%
2.1%
1.8%
1.9%
Coliforms
8.6%
7.2%
4.1%
4.4%
3.6%
Chemical and radionuclide
1.8%
1.3%
1.8%
1.1%
1.5%
Nitrate/nitrite
0.25%
0.10%
0.23%
0.18%
0.32%
Surface water treatment and filtration
8.0%
6.3%
4.8%
4.3%
4.1%
All health-based violations
20%
15%
12%
11%
10%
1998-2002
Type of standard violated
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Lead and copper†
1.7%
1.6%
1.2%
1.1%
0.85%
Coliforms
3.0%
3.2%
3.0%
2.2%
2.6%
Chemical and radionuclide
1.7%
1.2%
1.5%
1.0%
2.0%
Nitrate/nitrite
0.58%
0.24%
0.48%
0.14%
0.53%
Surface water treatment and filtration
3.1%
2.7%
3.5%
1.7%
5.3%
Disinfection byproducts
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.4%
All health-based violations
8.8%
8.2%
8.8%
5.7%
11%
2003-2006
Type of standard violated
2003
2004
2005
2006
Lead and copper†
0.61%
0.88%
0.82%
0.45%
Coliforms
2.9%
3.5%
3.2%
2.7%
Chemical and radionuclide
1.9%
2.2%
2.8%
2.4%
Nitrate/nitrite
0.29%
0.086%
0.10%
0.45%
Surface water treatment and filtration
1.8%
3.8%
4.2%
3.9%
Disinfection byproducts
2.8%
2.4%
2.6%
1.4%
All health-based violations
8.5%
11%
12%
9.7%
Table E7: Percentage of children living in areas served by community water systems with violations of drinking water monitoring and reporting requirements
1993-1997
Type of standard violated
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Lead and copper
7.5%
4.2%
3.4%
3.8%
4.3%
Coliforms
2.2%
2.7%
2.3%
1.9%
1.8%
Chemical and radionuclide
7.8%
6.0%
6.4%
4.8%
4.3%
Surface water treatment and filtration
1.9%
1.2%
1.0%
0.68%
0.39%
Any violation
18%
13%
12%
10%
10%
1998-2002
Type of standard violated
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Lead and copper
6.2%
6.2%
6.8%
5.8%
5.4%
Coliforms
2.7%
1.8%
2.0%
2.6%
1.6%
Chemical and radionuclide
6.4%
5.9%
5.0%
6.3%
8.9%
Surface water treatment and filtration
0.60%
1.5%
0.81%
0.64%
4.1%
Disinfection byproducts
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.9%
Any violation
15%
14%
13%
14%
20%
2003-2006
Type of standard violated
2003
2004
2005
2006
Lead and copper
5.3%
6.4%
7.1%
6.9%
Coliforms
1.9%
2.9%
2.2%
2.6%
Chemical and radionuclide
8.4%
8.2%
5.6%
5.8%
Surface water treatment and filtration
2.9%
3.1%
4.2%
2.5%
Disinfection byproducts
1.6%
5.2%
5.5%
3.9%
Any violation
17%
17%
19%
16%
Table E8: Percentage of fruits, vegetables and grains, and other food and drink products with detectable residues of organophosphate pesticides
1994-2001
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
21%
24%
29%
29%
22%
24%
23%
19%

2002-2006
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
13%
12%
19%
15%
8.3%
Table E9: Percentage of children residing within one mile of a Superfund site
 
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
All Superfund sites not yet cleaned up
1.2%
1.2%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.8%
All Superfund sites not yet cleaned up or controlled
1.2%
1.1%
1.1%
1.0%
1.0%
0.82%
0.79%
0.76%
0.94%

 

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Body Burdens

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Table B1: Concentrations of lead in blood of children ages 5 and under
  Blood lead concentrations (µg/dL)
  1976-1980 1988-1991 1992-1994 1999-2000 2001-2002

2003-2004
50th percentile

15

3.5

2.6

2.2

1.6

1.6
90th percentile

25

9.4

7.1

4.8

4.2

3.9
Table B2. Median concentrations of lead in blood of children ages 1-5, by race/ethnicity and family income, 2001-2004
  Blood lead concentrations (µg/dL)
Race / Ethnicity
 All Incomes < Poverty Level 100-200% of Poverty Level > 200% of Poverty Level ≥ Poverty Level Unknown Income
All Races/Ethnicities

1.6

2.3

1.7

1.3

1.4

1.8
White Non-Hispanic

1.5

2.1

1.6

1.3

1.3

1.5
Black Non-Hispanic

2.5

2.9

2.2

1.9

2.0

2.3
Mexican-American

1.6

2.0

1.6

1.2

1.5

1.9
Other†

1.7

2.3

1.7

1.4

1.4

2.6
Addendum 1 to Table B2. . 90th Percentile concentrations of lead in blood of children ages 1-5, by race/ethnicity and family income, 2001-2004
  Blood lead concentrations (µg/dL)
Race / Ethnicity
 All Incomes < Poverty Level 100-200% of Poverty Level > 200% of Poverty Level ≥ Poverty Level Unknown Income
All Races/Ethnicities

4.0

5.4

4.1

2.6

3.2

4.2
White Non-Hispanic

3.5

4.4

4.0

2.4

3.0

NA**
Black Non-Hispanic

6.4

7.5

5.1

4.3

4.8

10.2
Mexican-American

3.5

4.0

3.6

2.7

3.2

2.8
Other†

4.2

6.2

4.3

2.2

2.8

NA**
Table B3: Distribution of concentrations of lead in blood of children ages 1-5, 2001-2004
Blood lead concentrations (µg/dL)
< 1 1-2