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2006 C2P2 Award Winner Details

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2006 C2P2 Award Winners | 2006 C2P2 Award Winner Details

Overall Achievement–Great River Energy

Great River Energy (GRE), which markets fly ash from Coal Creek Station, a 1,100 megawatt plant near Underwood, North Dakota, and Stanton Station, a 180-megawatt plant near Stanton, North Dakota, has entered into partnerships with more than 10 public and private organizations to promote the use and acceptance of coal combustion products (CCPs) in projects that would develop a market for fly ash. One significant partnership was established in 1996, when GRE and Headwaters, Inc. agreed to increase the market for fly ash from the Coal Creek Station. As a direct effect of this partnership, sales have jumped from 90,000 tons of fly ash in 1996 to 417,000 tons in 2005. Combined, these two partnering organizations have invested more than $27 million in infrastructure over the past 10 years. GRE and Headwaters, Inc. also teamed up to conduct seminars detailing the positive benefits of using fly ash. GRE has also partnered with:

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Communications/Outreach–First Place: Los Angeles Community College District

The Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD) is the largest community college district in the United States, educating more than 130,000 students at nine campuses. In the last several years, LACCD ended its 50-year building hiatus with an ambitious $2.2 billion campus-wide modernization. Through this modernization effort, LACCD has led the marketplace by implementing far-reaching sustainable goals. LACCD set specific initiatives to reduce carbon dioxide emissions for the new project, including the use of high-volume fly ash instead of cement. LACCD also initiated a "zero landfill policy," which mandates that all waste generated at the campus, whether it is from construction debris or operations, must be diverted from the landfill and recycled.

The LACCD expansion is the largest U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) project in the nation. This project is the first to integrate LEED standards campus-wide and includes master planning, design, and construction of more than 44 LEED buildings, including classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and learning assistance centers. The sheer size of the project gives it both high visibility and enough mass to influence the future of local, if not global, construction. LACCD now requires all new buildings constructed on its campuses to adopt the LEED Rating System and employ a LEED-accredited professional on the team. These requirements have led to a market transformation requiring the design community to seek this new qualification. As a result, thousands of LEED-accredited professionals have emerged, and the project has changed the way architects design buildings.

By leading through example, LACCD has given students and instructors the opportunity to participate in on-campus projects that promote sustainability. Educating these individuals, in turn, allows practical knowledge and expertise in the green building arena to become available to many others. The distribution of LACCD graduates across the state and nation gives green building, including the use of CCPs in construction, a tremendous boost. Having witnessed first-hand the success of the project, new experts have become available to explain the value of using high volumes of fly ash in green building designs, among other alternative materials.

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Communications/Outreach–Special Recognition Award: Stockton Cogeneration Company

The Stockton Cogeneration (CoGen) Company's Air Products facility, located in the city of Stockton, San Joaquin County, California, consumes roughly 150,000 tons of bituminous coal per year resulting in the production of approximately 45,000 tons of fly and bottom ash. Previously, the fly and bottom ash were disposed of in landfills at a cost of $1.8 million per year. Recognizing several of the beneficial properties these coal combustion products (CCPs) had to offer, such as being rich in fertilizing agents and micronutrients and having the ability to form a low-strength concrete-like material, Stockton CoGen reached out to the local community to identify beneficial uses for these materials. The company partnered with Dutra Farms to explore cost effective uses of its CCPs by providing low-cost resources to address the multitude of management issues faced in overall dairy cattle management operations.

This partnership has reduced the cost of CCP placement from $40 per ton to $11 per ton, providing an economic benefit in 2005 of approximately $1.3 million for Stockton CoGen. The dairy industry also saw positive results by incorporating CCPs into its management practices by using ash pad (made with fly ash) in lieu of a structurally equivalent concrete pad for livestock. The typical ash pad contains approximately 3,000 cubic yards of material at a cost of $5 per cubic yard of ash, resulting in a fully installed ash pad costing roughly $15,000. Compare that to a structurally equivalent concrete pad that contains approximately 1,000 cubic yards of material, which costs roughly $120 per cubic yard and a total cost of nearly $120,000. It is this realized savings coupled with stringent feedlot regulations that have made this program so successful.

Stockton CoGen has also participated in the San Joaquin County Agricultural Exposition in a continuing effort to educate the community on the beneficial uses of CCPs. This annual agricultural event provides industry the opportunity to reach out to the farming community and advertise its products. Stockton CoGen has identified several areas where incorporating fly ash and bottom ash into the dairy industry could yield environmentally positive results, including:

The success of this program has been actively shared within San Joaquin County at the 2006 Recycling Exposition and at other venues. Furthermore, the program's processes have been shared in person and by video throughout the state of California and within EPA Region 9. Stockton Co-Generation has been an example of the willingness of a single coal-fueled facility of finding ways to reduce its impact on the environment and to share its successes with others.

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Environmental Achievement–First Place: Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

Wal-Mart has a strong history of environmentally friendly designs, one of which is incorporating fly ash in its building program due to the benefits of strength and durability, along with competitive cost. This year, Wal-Mart will be building more than 55 million square feet of retail space that will include approximately 60,000 tons of fly ash. This development is nothing new, as the number of fly ash projects over the past 10 years has steadily increased.

During this time:

One example of Wal-Mart using fly ash in its building concrete is the development of an experimental store in McKinney, Texas. Fly ash replaced approximately 800 tons of traditional materials, such as lime, cement, and crushed stone, in the building's slab and foundation system. The successful and beneficial use of fly ash in this project has set the blueprint for incorporating this byproduct in all future projects. Specifically, future projects will include an increase in the allowed fly ash from 20 percent to 25 percent and ensure all distribution centers allow the use of fly ash.

Wal-Mart has also made public its future goals for sustainability, several of which specifically relate to CCPs, including:

Through its leadership and its significant influence on building industry trends, Wal-Mart has become a model for others to emulate, while demonstrating a strong commitment to environmental stewardship.

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Environmental Achievement–Special Recognition Award: Constellation Energy

Constellation Energy is a Fortune 200 integrated energy company and one of the leading competitive suppliers of electricity in North America. Constellation is committed to protecting the environment and responsibly managing natural resources by making pollution prevention a priority in locating, designing, building, and operating its facilities. Constellation Energy's Baltimore fossil operations have exemplified some of the best practices for the management of coal combustion products (CCPs) by using a diverse mix of traditional and emerging alternatives. Implementing these strategies has resulted in an outlet for more than 800,000 tons of CCPs each year.

In 2005, Constellation's efforts reduced greenhouse gas emissions by more than 400,000 tons by producing a high-quality fly ash with many uses. Since 1998, the company has avoided more than 1.8 million tons of these emissions. In addition to the greenhouse gas offset, Constellation's 100 percent beneficial use strategy reduces emissions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides, averts landfill disposal, and conserves natural resources that would have otherwise been consumed to achieve the same economic results.

Since 1998, Constellation Energy has increased its product-related use of CCPs from about 10 percent to more than 50 percent per year. A significant innovation leading to this increased use is the operation of an electrostatic separation plant that conditions fly ash for use in ready-mix concrete applications through a partnership with Separation Technologies Incorporated (STI). Constellation provides the fly ash, and STI provides the processing technology for its high-quality ProAsh®, which delivers a consistent, high-quality, branded fly ash providing an environmentally responsible and technically desirable product. With the construction of a large storage dome in 2004 that can house an additional 35,000 tons of high quality fly ash, Constellation and its partner provide an uninterrupted supply during much of the local building season. Following the construction of a second separation unit in 2005, the fly ash processing capacity increased from 140,000 to 270,000 tons per year.

These enhancements to plant operations are an outstanding example of Constellation's commitment to environmental stewardship and sustainability.

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Innovation–First Place: California Department of Transportation

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) manages more than 45,000 miles of the state's highway and freeway system, serving the transportation needs of more than 30 million residents. For a number of years, Caltrans has been considered a leader among state transportation agencies by requiring the use of fly ash in concrete paving projects. Typically, a Caltrans project uses at least 25 percent fly ash replacement for Portland cement in mix designs. The listing of pre-approved sources of fly ash is found on the Caltrans web site, where it has posted relevant engineering standards.

The Department has also been exploring new benefits of using fly ash in concrete mixes to help reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses in California. To this end, and in part based on the success of its San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge (SFOBB) project, Caltrans is creating the first-ever Structural Concrete Greenhouse Gas Reduction Standard. This standard will encourage contractors and designers to build more bridges and highways with very high amounts of fly ash.

Caltrans has undertaken the largest bridge project in its history, the new SFOBB, designed to carry 350,000 vehicles per day and have a lifespan of 150 years. The Department faced several obstacles in designing the bridge due its location in salt water and a salt fog environment and the seismic requirements of an active earthquake zone. Caltrans incorporated fly ash into its concrete to address these problems as it helps to improve the workability, hardening, and permeability properties. The SFOBB is designed to withstand a major earthquake with only cosmetic damage and without any interruption of traffic flow.

The SFOBB project utilized more than 30 different mix designs, including mixes with high amounts of fly ash to achieve important benefits. A concrete mix with 50 percent fly ash was used in the footings and high salt zones. The use of fly ash prevented the cracking of the cement when it hardened, a common problem in a salt-water environment. It also helped in the concrete's placement, since fly ash particles are round and act like ball bearings, to improve flow and workability in the mix. Moreover, concrete containing fly ash is denser and stronger, making it better able to carry loads as well as to prevent salt from entering the hardened product.

Fly ash was also used in footing boxes, which are supported on deep piles. These boxes are constructed with 1-inch steel walls and contain multiple cells, each of which are filled with concrete. Each of the 32 boxes holds approximately 1,600 yards of concrete. Engineers used a special lightweight concrete mix containing 50 percent fly ash mineral admixtures to ensure there would be no voids between the bridge column for each footing and the cells on which it would rest. To obtain the required thermal control for a self-consolidating lightweight concrete bridge foundation, Caltrans combined a Type II cement with 60 percent fly ash.

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Innovation–Special Recognition Award: University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research

The University of Kentucky's Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) has developed several beneficiation technologies that can produce high-quality, consistent products from ash that is both poor quality and of inconsistent grade. One example of this type of technology is the FastFloat™ process, which incorporates beneficiation technologies commonly applied in coal preparation and mineral processing. The FastFloat™ process provides the opportunity for total utilization of coal combustion products (CCPs) and is being implemented in stages to expedite commercial development.

The first stage deals with bottom ash and incorporates sizing and density separation. Bottom ash is recovered from ponds or from boilers and screened to remove oversized (>3/8 inch) material. The coarse ash is then hydraulically classified to efficiently reject fine material (<100 mesh or 150 micrometers). The ash is then separated by density using concentrating spirals to produce a lightweight aggregate suitable for use in the manufacturing of concrete masonry units and a variety of other applications. This technology was first demonstrated in 1997 and is in commercial operation at three plants in the United States, producing approximately 200,000 tons per year of lightweight aggregate. CAER is also operating a plant where the bulk density of the bottom ash precludes use as lightweight aggregate. In this application, construction fill sand is produced. While construction fill sand is not as high-valued as lightweight aggregate, more than 250,000 tons have been marketed to date, reducing disposal costs incurred by the host utility and extending the life of its ash storage facility.

The second stage of the FastFloat™ process adds selective density separation to recover coarse carbon (>100 mesh) and froth flotation to recover fine carbon (<100mesh) from fly ash to produce a supplemental fuel. CAER constructed and operated a mobile, pilot-scale processing plant to demonstrate this phase of the technology. The test site was Western Kentucky Energy's Coleman Station located in Hawesville, Kentucky, as part of a program sponsored by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). The demonstration produced more than 500 pounds of coarse carbon with a heating value of 7,300 Btu/lb and an additional 500 pounds of fine carbon with a heating value of 4,360 Btu/lb. Combustion testing and economic analyses confirmed the technical and economic viability of recovering these products as supplemental fuel.

The third stage is to incorporate thickening and filtration of the carbon-free ash rejected after floatation to produce a high-quality pozzolan. This phase has been selected by the DOE as part of the Clean Coal Power Initiative and is being implemented at Kentucky Utility's Ghent Station in collaboration with Cemex, Inc. Pilot-scale evaluations are underway at a feed rate of 2.5 tons per hour and larger quantities of high-quality pozzolan are being generated for concrete testing. It is envisioned that the demonstration of this phase of the technology will result in the construction of a processing plant that will generate approximately 200,000 tons of processed CCPs per year.

The fourth and final phase of the FastFloat™ technology is to process a slip-stream of the floatation tailings through a secondary classifier to produce mineral-grade filler suitable for use in plastic resins. Typical product size specifications are an average particle size of 2 to 3 micrometers. In addition to the plastic filler market, this ultra-fine processed ash is suitable for use in high-performance concrete. Testing is in progress at both the laboratory-pilot and demonstration scale, where large batches of ultra-fine ash have been produced and are being evaluated.

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Enhanced Utilization–Santee Cooper

Santee Cooper, South Carolina's state-owned electric and water utility, generates power distributed by the state's 20 electric cooperatives to more than 650,000 customers. As part of its corporate priority of providing affordable, reliable electric power and quality service, Santee Cooper has also been committed to increasing the utilization of coal combustion byproducts. Specifically, Santee Cooper has:

From the chief executive officer down to plant personnel, there is a significant awareness by employees about the benefits and reasons to use CCPs in many ways. Corporate communications as well as an external outreach program provides an upbeat, consistent message supporting CCPs. Tommy Edens, Santee Cooper's administrator of combustion products utilization has engaged state and local officials in many projects and has formed partnerships to ensure CCP use continues to grow. He has set a personal goal of 100 percent utilization, a notable challenge, but one that is supported throughout the company.

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Partnership–EMC Cement BV and Texas EMC Products

Texas EMC Products, located in Jasper, Texas, is a partnership between Few Ready Mix Concrete Co., a Jasper, Texas-based ready-mix producer, and EMC Cement BV, a Dutch corporation licensing the technology. Texas EMC introduced new, energetically modified cement (EMC) material in 2004 called CemPozz. This revolutionary process involves a unique and patented method of inter-grinding pozzolans, such as fly ash and Portland cement, to produce either a highly activated pozzolan (EMC Dura-Pozz (DP)) or a cement that makes it possible to increase the fly ash content in concrete to between 50-70% while achieving over all superior performance compared to traditional mix design. CemPozz consists of 90 to 95 percent coal combustion fly ash and will meet the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) C 618 specifications for Class F fly ash.

The process of creating CemPozz involves the high energetic grinding of ordinary Portland cement and pozzolans, such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and other similar materials, to form blended cement. The EMC process reduces the size of the particles and cracks to open the porous structure to further activate the surface area. This process improves the reactivity of the Portland cement and the pozzolan in concrete mixes. Because the pozzolan has been made to react more quickly, a higher percentage of it can be used without delaying set time and strength development. The grinding is carefully controlled to keep from destroying the spherical shape of the fly ash, preserving concrete workability.

Using CemPozz will significantly reduce the cost of total cementitous material in concrete, primarily because fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion that would otherwise be disposed of in a landfill. CemPozz offers environmental benefits as well. For example, every ton of Portland cement replaced by CemPozz will result in a reduction of 0.8 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. Using this material will also require much less energy than producing Portland cement.

While originally a European developed technology, EMC BV decided to focus the introduction of the technology in the United States by relying on the innovative and pioneering spirit so unique to this country. This belief has proven correct and thanks to the support from public and private interests, the State of Texas has demonstrated that when innovators, private enterprise and public institutions work together it is possible to bring to the market products and technologies that can address the global warming problem while offering society better products at a competitive cost.

With the plant in Texas now a proven technical and commercial success, EMC is experiencing an increasing interest nationally in the United States and internationally from multiple sources that can derive benefits from the EMC process including end use customers, utilities, and Department of Transportations.

Research and development is continuing and EMC cement with about 70 percent fly ash content and only 30 percent Portland cement are expected in 2007. EMC is constantly working to find unique ways to use the material that have never been possible with ordinary cement replacement materials as well as uses in different fields such as additives, fillers, soil stabilization, reduction of landfill volumes at power plants.

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Research–First Place: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Center for By-Products Utilization

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee's Center for By-Products Utilization (UWM-CBU), a part of the College of Engineering and Applied Science (CEAS), has been in operation for more than 17 years. The Center's mission is to perform research and develop practical information for the beneficial recycling of presently discarded materials from industrial, commercial, and public sector operations. This includes, but is not limited to: coal combustion ash, petroleum coke, wood, sawdust, and biomass; foundry slag, used foundry sand, and bag-house dust; pulp and paper mill de-ink solids and primary clarifier sludge, grits and dregs; lumber industry water, limestone quarry fines, used tires, plastics, glass, and other consumer wastes.

UWM-CBU conducted a total of five research projects 2005-2006 on the recycling of coal combustion products (CCPs).

1) In 2005, UWM-CBU completed work on a project for the UW System Solid Waste Research Program on recycling of residual solids from the Wisconsin pulp and paper industry flowable slurry. A number of distinct advantages were proven during the laboratory evaluation of using the residual solids in controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) made with Class C fly ash. The challenge of controlling the setting and long-term strength gain of CLSM when using Class C fly ash was addressed. A project has been proposed for additional testing and implementation work in 2006-2008. This project has the potential to further expand the use of Class C fly ash in CLSM in the future.

2) In 2005, UWM-CBU completed a project evaluating the shrinkage-reducing admixtures (SRAs) in concrete mixtures using proportions specified by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (Wis-DOT). Two series of concrete mixtures were evaluated, one series with Class C fly ash contents in accordance with Wis-DOT specifications, and a second series of mixtures with a higher cementitous materials content. The drying and autogenous shrinkage characteristics, compressive strength, and resistance to chloride-ion penetration of standard Wis-DOT mixtures were evaluated for both series of mixtures, using three different sources of SRAs. The research showed that the use of fly ash reduces early-age auotgenous shrinkage of concrete. This research addresses concerns of state and local officials on the effects of fly ash in concrete pavement mixtures containing SRAs, particularly when higher levels of fly ash are used in concrete mixtures.

3) In 2005, UWM-CBU completed a project for the UWS Applied Research Program on economical self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixtures. These SCC mixtures contained byproduct materials such as fly ash and quarry fines to reduce or eliminate the need for specialized chemical admixtures, thus producing more economical SCC mixtures. SCC mixtures have a number of advantages over conventional ready-mixed concrete; these include self-consolidation in areas of heavy reinforcement, consolidation without the use of noisy equipment, self-leveling, and the ability to completely fill. Use of fly ash in the SCC mixtures is a significant part of the increased economy of the mixtures.

4) UWM-CBU worked in conjunction with We Energies of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on the use of high-carbon fly ash in electrically conductive concrete and CLSM flowable slurry. Finding high-technology uses for high-carbon fly ash is another challenge that UWM-CBU addressed for this research. Research showed that the electric conductivity of concrete and CLSM was significantly improved through the use of high-carbon fly ash. There are a number of potential applications including for structures in which concrete is used for protection from stray currents; cathodic protection of reinforced concrete; electrical grounding; deicing of airport runways and bridge decks by electrical heating; and non-destructive testing of concrete. As a result of this project, We Energies has tested the conductive concrete in a construction application in 2005 and is continuing to monitor the concrete's performance.

5) The Wisconsin Highway Research Program funded a project initiated in 2005 on the evaluation of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of concrete mixtures to be used by Wis-DOT. The new AASHTO Pavement Design Guide contains a mechanistic-empirical design approach to the design of durable concrete pavements. Two concrete properties, CTE and splitting tensile strength, are required to design the most economical and durable concrete pavement by this new method had not been previously available to the Wis-DOT. UWM-CBU found that almost all of the concrete mixtures evaluated in this research contained fly ash. It is expected that other DOTs would be able to apply the results of this project to similar concrete pavement designs containing fly ash.

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Research–Special Recognition Award: Puerto Rico Construction Cluster and the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez

The Puerto Rico Construction Cluster is a non-profit organization seeking to serve society by linking academia, private industry, and government in initiatives, projects, and policies that will result in an overall benefit to society. One of the primary purposes of the organization is to help economic development agencies identify opportunities within the construction industry that will help improve industry efficiency and further the public policy goals of sustainable economic development.

The Cluster was approached by AES Puerto Rico, LP, the only coal-fired generating facility on the island, requesting assistance in identifying markets and applications for its coal combustion products (CCPs) produced by a fluidized bed combustion (FBC) process. Recognizing the potential for the development of applications that would result in an overall benefit to the industry and Puerto Rico as a whole, the Cluster set up meetings between the University of Puerto Rico and AES. The two parties decided to conduct a literature review from which a list of potential CCP applications could be developed. Two University professors, Dr. Miguel Pando and Sangchul Hwang, took the initiative of mentoring four undergraduate engineering students from the civil and chemical engineering fields to perform the literature review. This work sought to identify the applications that would have the greatest value either in volume or value added for the referenced CCPs. The report, Possible Applications for Circulating Fluidized Bed Coal Combustion By-Products from the Guayama AES Power Plant, and its related initiatives are already promoting innovation for CCPs in Puerto Rico, resulting in increased reuse of these byproducts by more than 500,000 tons.

Two ongoing research efforts that have resulted from this literature review: "Soil Improvement Using Fluidized Bed Fly Ash from AES - MS Thesis Project" and "Applications of Coal Combustion Products and Biopolymer as In Situ Capping Amendments for Heavy Metals Remediation". In addition, a third project developed in parallel to the "Potential Applications" report under one of the identified areas of 'potential' was recently approved as a thesis, "Industrial Ecology Approach to Management of Fly Ash from Fluidized Bed Combustion: Production of Slow Release Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner".

The Cluster also worked in conjunction with the University of Puerto Rico and AES to develop a working concept to create a Center for Industrial By-Product Recovery that would identify potential opportunities for reuse and recycling of industrial byproducts. Reports prepared by the university have been distributed across the United States and are available internationally.

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Individual Achievement Award–Thomas Jansen

The Coal Combustion Products Partnership is pleased to recognize Thomas Jansen, P.E., supervising engineer of WE Energies' Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) Group in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for his longstanding dedication to the use of CCPs and especially for his instrumental work in developing the concept for the Green Highways Initiative.

As an employee of WE Energies, Mr. Jansen was at many times the driving force behind many of the programs implemented by his company to find new and innovative ways to produce and manage CCPs in the company's service territory. As a trained civil engineer, Mr. Jansen spent many hours teaching and facilitating the flow of information among plant personnel, engineers, specifiers, state environmental staff, members of academia, and others to increase the awareness of the importance and benefits of using various products produced at their coal fueled plants. In part, due to Mr. Jansen's work, WE Energies received the 2004 Edison Award from the Edison Electric Institute.

While serving as the chairman of the American Coal Ash Association, Mr. Jansen initiated discussion within the association and industry, and with members of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). As had been clearly demonstrated in Wisconsin, the use of CCPs in highway construction contributed not only to the technical needs of construction, but also provided economic and environmental benefits.

At the same time, EPA Region 3 had been planning for the development of a Green Highways Initiative with an emphasis on ecosystem and watershed protection. Mr. Jansen helped coordinate several meetings with EPA, industry, and FHWA to bring the use and recycling aspects of the CCP industry's plans into the broader Green Highways Initiative. Since June 2005, this initiative has evolved into a voluntary, collaborative public/private effort designed to promote streamlining and environmental stewardship in transportation planning, design, construction, and/or operation and maintenance through integrated partnerships, flexibility, rewards, and market-based solutions. The purpose of the initiative is to foster and nurture the environmental ethic that has evolved within transportation organizations by identifying and rewarding exemplary actions. Included in the 10 guiding principals are several areas key to the CCP industry:

As the Green Highways Initiative matures potentially into a national program, Tom Jansen will be recognized as one of the visionaries of this process.

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Lifetime Achievement Award–Dr. V. Mohan Malhotra

V. Mohan Malhotra, P.Eng., DDL (Hon), D.Eng. (Hon), internationally known researcher, author, and speaker, is Scientist Emeritus, CANMET, Department of Natural Resources, Ottawa, Canada. Dr. Malhotra received his B.Sc. degree in 1951 from Delhi University, India and his B.E. (Civil) in 1957 from the University of Western Australia, Perth. In 1984, he was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws by the University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, and in 1999 he was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Engineering by the University de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico. He is a world renowned expert on the sustainable nature of concrete and how the use of CCPs in concrete contributes to environmental stewardship.

Dr. Malhotra has been actively engaged in research in all aspects of concrete technology, including nondestructive testing, for the past 35 years. Dr. Malhotra is an Honorary Member and a Charter Fellow of the American Concrete Institute (ACI), Fellow of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), a Fellow of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, a Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada, an Honorary Member of the Concrete Society, U.K., and an Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Concrete Technology, U.K.

Dr. Malhotra is on the editorial board of several international journals on concrete technology. He has published more than 150 technical papers on concrete technology including nondestructive testing. He is the author or co-author of several books, including Condensed Silica Fume, published by CRC Press in 1988. His book, High Performance, High Volume, Fly Ash Concrete, co-authored by P. Kumar Mehta, was first published in 2002 and reissued in 2005. Dr. Malhotra has organized and chaired numerous international conferences on concrete technology throughout the world. In 1984, he organized and chaired the CANMET/ACI International Conference on In-situ/Non-destructive Testing of Concrete in Ottawa, Canada.

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Lifetime Achievement Award–Dr. P. Kumar Mehta

P.K. Mehta is Professor Emeritus in the Civil Engineering Department at the University of California, Berkeley, and is one of the world's leading researchers on the use of fly ash in structural concrete. He retired in 1993 after 30 years of teaching and research in concrete technology but has stayed active within the industry ever since. He has authored numerous papers on cementitous materials and properties of concrete including a textbook on the subject. He is an American Concrete Institute (ACI) Fellow and a Fellow of the American Ceramic Society.

He received the ACI Watson Medal for Materials Research in 1988, the ACI Construction Practice Award in 1999, an ACI/CANMET award for outstanding contributions to knowledge and understanding of physical-chemical factors influencing the performance of concrete in marine environments, and an ACI/CANMET award for research contributions to supplementary cementing materials. Mehta was also awarded with the Berkeley Citation by the University of California at Berkeley upon his retirement, the highest campus honor for exceptional contributions to his field and to the university.

He holds nine patents in the area of cement and concrete technology and is the author or coauthor of nearly 250 scientific papers and four books including a popular university text; Concrete—Microstructure, Properties, and Materials. In 2005, the second edition of this popular text, co-authored with Dr. V. M. Malhotra, titled High-Performance, High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete was released. This book has become a widely recognized guide for high-volume fly ash applications.

Mehta received his undergraduate degree in chemical engineering from the University of Delhi, India; his master's degree in ceramic engineering from North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina; and his doctorate degree in material science and engineering from the University of California at Berkeley.

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