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Hazardous Waste Combustors; Revised Standards; Proposed Rule-- Notice of Data Availability and Request for Comments
Note: EPA no longer updates this information, but it may be useful as a reference or resource.
[Federal Register: January 7, 1997 (Volume 62, Number 4)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 960-962]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 60, 63, 260, 261, 264, 265, 266, 270 and 271
[FRL-5672-6]
RIN 2050-AF01
Hazardous Waste Combustors; Revised Standards; Proposed Rule--
Notice of Data Availability and Request for Comments
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice of data availability and request for comments.
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SUMMARY: This announcement is a notice of availability and invitation
for comment on the Agency's updated database of emissions and ancillary
information on hazardous waste combustors (HWCs) pertaining to the
proposed revised standards for hazardous waste combustors (61 FR 17358
(April 19, 1996)).
Readers should note that only comments about new information
discussed in this notice will be considered during the comment period.
Issues related to the April 19, 1996, proposed rule that are not
directly affected by the documents or data referenced in this Notice of
Data Availability are not open for further comment.
DATES: Written comments must be submitted by February 6, 1997.
ADDRESSES: Commenters must send an original and two copies of their
comments referencing Docket Number F-96-CS2A-FFFFF to: RCRA Docket
Information Center, Office of Solid Waste (5305G), U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Headquarters (EPA, HQ), 401 M Street, S.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20460. Comments may also be submitted electronically
through the Internet to: rcra-docket@epamail.epa.gov. Comments in
electronic format should also be identified by the docket number F-96-
CS2A-FFFFF. All electronic comments must be submitted as an ASCII file
avoiding the use of special characters and any form of encryption.
Commenters should not submit electronically any confidential business
information (CBI). An original and two copies of the CBI must be
submitted under separate cover to: RCRA CBI Document Control Officer,
OSW (5305W), 401 M Street, SW, Washington D.C. 20460. For other
information regarding submitting comments electronically, or viewing
the comments received or supporting information, please refer to the
proposed rule (61 FR 17358 (April 19, 1996)). The RCRA Information
Center is located at Crystal Gateway One, 1235 Jefferson Davis Highway,
First Floor, Arlington, Virginia and is open for public inspection and
copying of supporting information for RCRA rules from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00
p.m. Monday through Friday, except for Federal holidays. The public
must make an appointment to view docket materials by calling (703) 603-
9230. The public may copy a maximum of 100 pages from any regulatory
document at no cost. Additional copies cost $0.15 per page.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information, call the RCRA
Hotline at 1-800-424-9346 or TDD 1-800-553-7672 (hearing impaired)
including directions on how to access electronically the database
document (USEPA, ``Updated Hazardous Waste Combustor Database,''
December 1996) via EPA's Cleanup Information Bulletin Board System
(CLU-IN). The database document is posted on CLU-IN in Portable
Document Format (PDF) and can be viewed and printed using Acrobat
Reader. The CLU-IN modem access phone number is 301-589-8366 or Telnet
to clu-in.epa.gov for Internet access. The RCRA Hotline is open Monday
Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time. Callers within
the Washington Metropolitan Area must dial 703-412-9810 or TDD 703-412-
3323 (hearing impaired). For other information on this notice, contact
Bob Holloway (5302W), Office of Solid Waste, 401 M Street, S.W.,
Washington, DC 20460, phone (703) 308-8461, e-mail:
holloway.bob@epamail.epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On April 19, 1996, EPA proposed revised
standards for hazardous waste combustors (i.e., incinerators and cement
and lightweight aggregate kilns that burn hazardous waste). See 61 FR
17358. After an extension of the comment period, the comment period
closed on August 19, 1996.
The Agency also published a notice of data availability (NODA) on
August 23, 1996 (61 FR 43501) inviting comment on information
pertaining to a peer review of aspects of the proposed rule, additional
analyses of fuel oils that
[[Page 961]]
would be used to establish a comparable fuel exclusion, and information
on a synthesis gas process. The comment period on that NODA closed on
September 23, 1996.
The Agency is today providing notice and opportunity to comment on
an updated hazardous waste combustor database that presents the
emissions and ancillary data that the Agency plans to use to develop
the final rule. We note that changes in the proposed MACT floor levels
could result from applying the alternative MACT methodologies discussed
in the proposed rule to the updated database. In addition, changes in
cost-effectiveness, and baseline and residual risk could result from
using the updated database. Finally, the Agency will use the updated
data in making decisions such as whether and how to subdivide source
categories, whether to use normal versus compliance test data to
develop standards, and whether to use older emissions data when more
recent data are available from a source.
Updated HWC Data Base
EPA compiled a database containing the results of hazardous waste
combustor (HWC) trial burns and facility operating and design
characteristics as part of the development of the April 1996 proposed
``Maximum Achievable Control Technology'' (MACT) standards for HWCs (61
FR 17358, April 19, 1996). The database contains information from
facilities in three source categories which burn hazardous wastes:
incinerators (over 90 units), cement kilns (40 units), and lightweight
aggregate kilns (13 units).1 The database contains stack gas
emissions data (including data on metals, chlorine, particulate matter,
chlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/PCDF), carbon monoxide (CO), and
hydrocarbons (HC)), process operating data (including waste, fuel, and
raw materials compositions and feed rates), and facility equipment
design and operational data (including combustor and air pollution
control device temperatures, pressures, etc.).
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\1\ Data on boilers are also included in the database even
though hazardous waste burning boilers would not be subject to this
rule.
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Since the proposal of the rule, the Agency has received comments
from stakeholders identifying: (1) errors in the database used for the
proposed rule; and (2) new HWC trial burn and certification of
compliance reports that were not considered for the proposed rule.
Additionally, the Agency has received new compliance test reports
through other data-gathering efforts since the proposed rule. The
Agency has updated and revised the HWC database based on these comments
and other data collection efforts.
The updated database is provided in: USEPA, ``Updated Hazardous
Waste Combustor Database,'' December, 1996. This document is referred
to in this notice as the database document. Hard copy printouts of the
updated and revised database are contained in the ``Data Summary
Reports'', found as Appendices to the document. The database document
is provided in the administrative docket for this rule. In addition, an
electronic version of the document can be accessed electronically via
CLU-IN. (See the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION section of this notice.)
Finally, the database is also available to interested persons in the
database application Paradox (Version 5.0 for Windows). Refer to the
database document for details.
The updated database has the same structure and main fields as that
used for the proposed rule. It has nine related files:
• Site Information: Contains general information on each
combustor unit, including database identification number, EPA
identification number, EPA Region, company name, location (city and
state), device name, air pollution control system, system type
(commercial or onsite incinerator, cement kiln, lightweight aggregate
kiln), waste burning status, and cement kiln design identifiers.
• Test Condition Information: Contains information on each
test condition, including test condition and run identification number
(both internal database and site identification numbers), condition and
run dates, type of wastes and auxiliary fuels burned during the
condition, description of the condition, as well as newly added
condition descriptors identifying the condition as ``baseline,''
``normal,'' or ``permit mode'' (as described in more detail below), and
whether the condition was conducted with the most recent facility
equipment and design.
• Stream Information: Contains information on the type and
sampling location of each process stream (system outputs including
stack gas emissions and solid effluents as well as system inputs
including waste streams, auxiliary fuels, spiking streams, etc.), as
well as stack information (including height and diameter).
• Process Stream Information: Contains information on each
process stream, including rates (feed rates and discharge rates of
solid, liquid and gas streams), as well as other stream properties
(such as stack gas conditions including temperature, moisture, oxygen,
and solid and liquid densities).
• Process Analysis Information: Contains feed input and
effluent rates for a variety of constituents (including metals,
chlorine, organics, ash, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and
hydrocarbons) associated with each of the process streams (both system
inputs and effluents).
• Air Pollution Control Device Design Parameters: Contains
information on design parameters of each air pollution control device
(e.g., baghouse cloth area, cloth type, cleaning method).
• Air Pollution Control Device Operating Parameters:
Contains information, by test condition run, on operating parameters of
each air pollution control device (e.g., ESP specific collection area,
operating temperature, power input).
• Combustor Design Parameters: Contains information on
design parameters of the combustor (e.g., combustor size, manufacturer,
type, number of chambers, cement kiln design).
• Combustor Operating Parameters: Contains information, by
test condition run, on operating parameters of the combustor (e.g.,
combustor temperature, pressure).
The use and contents (including a comprehensive ``data element
dictionary'') of the database are described in detail in the database
document.
Updates to the Database
1. Changes to Existing Data Used to Support the Proposed Rule
The Agency received comments on additions and errors to data
contained in the proposed rule database from three sources. The
Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) provided specific comments on
data from 21 incinerator facilities (RCSP-00182). The Cement Kiln
Recycling Coalition provided specific comments on data from 23 cement
kiln facilities (RCSP-00170) as well as some incinerators (overlapping
generally with the CMA comments). For lightweight aggregate kilns,
Solite provided specific comments on individual LWAK facilities (RCSP-
00187).
The comments included identification of: (1) transcription errors
(those made in transferring the data from the test report to the
database); (2) test report errors; (3) missed or missing data; (4)
nonrepresentative conditions (such as baseline non-hazardous waste burning
conditions); (5) updated reports (some Certification of Compliance
tests that were used have since been revised and
[[Page 962]]
updated); (6) facilities not currently burning hazardous waste; (7)
unsubstantiated and/or incorrect air pollution control device
characteristics; and (8) inaccurate conversion of concentration
emissions from mass based levels using gas flow rates and oxygen level.
Changes and responses made as appropriate to each of the specific
comments in each of these areas are discussed in detail in the database
document.
2. New Test Reports Added to the Database
The Agency added results from many new test reports (from both new
facilities as well as new test reports from facilities already in the
database) to the HWC database. For incinerators, a few new trial burn
reports were obtained through comments on the proposed rule, including
reports from First Mississippi Corp., American Cyanamid, and Ciba
Geigy. Various other reports from approximately 15 new incinerators, as
well as new reports from facilities already in the database, including
Waste Technologies Industries and DuPont, were added based on
collection from the individual companies and/or EPA Regional Office
archives.
The Agency added data from many new cement kiln test reports
received from the Cement Kiln Recycling Coalition. Additionally, other
individual cement companies including Ash Grove, Lafarge, Citadel/
Medusa, and Continental provided separate test reports as part of their
comments. The data are comprised of many new ``second round''
Certification of Compliance reports from testing done in 1994-1996, as
well as various miscellaneous stack testing reports from conditions
under ``normal'' non-trial burn type waste burning operations.
For LWAKs, the Agency added three new reports from Solite (all from
new units) and a new report from Norlite based on comments on the
proposed rule and other data collection efforts.
All new data that the Agency has incorporated into the database
since the rule was proposed are tabulated in detail in the database
document.
3. Other Database Additions
In addition to the above described database updates and changes,
the Agency has added the following new information to the database:
• Device Descriptors:
--Waste Burning Status: Field identifying if the facility is currently
burning hazardous waste.
--Mixed Waste Burner: Field identifying if the combustor accepts and
routinely treats hazardous and radioactively contaminated ``mixed''
wastes.
--Cement Kiln Descriptors: Fields identifying long vs short kilns,
those with alkali bypasses, and those with in-line raw mills.
• Condition Descriptors:
--Test Condition Date: Field identifying the test condition date.
--Baseline Conditions: Field identifying whether the condition was
conducted under ``baseline'' conditions, baseline conditions being
those where hazardous waste is not being fired.
--``Normal'' Conditions: Field identifying whether the condition was
conducted under ``normal'' conditions. Normal conditions are defined as
conditions conducted where hazardous waste is being burned, and where
the unit is operating under typical ``every day'' procedures. During
such testing, there is no intentional spiking of waste materials with
POHC, chlorine, or metals compounds. Additionally, the unit is not
operating under ``stressed'' conditions designed to maximize or
minimize factors such as waste feed rates, temperatures, and air
pollution control device operating parameters.
--``Permit'' Mode: Fields identifying whether the source used the test
condition for setting permit or interim status operating limits for
each individual constituent (each hazardous air pollutant or surrogate,
including individual metals). For example, for metals and chlorine
being controlled under the Boilers and Industrial Furnaces Rule, the
condition would be a ``permit mode'' for all Tier II or Tier III
constituents since the source testing was designed to evaluate
acceptable feed rate limits based on the demonstrated system removal
efficiency of the facility. Alternately, the condition would not be a
permit (or operating limit) mode for Tier I or adjusted Tier I
constituents since the source testing is not used for any direct
regulatory-setting purpose. Only tests conducted with the purpose of
complying with or establishing permit conditions (or interim status
operating limits) and intended to be used to establish a facility
``operating envelope'' with respect to the specific HAP were identified
with the ``permit'' mode marker.
--Latest Retrofits: Field identifying whether the condition is
conducted using the most recent equipment and configuration.
Dated: December 19, 1996.
Michael Shapiro,
Director, Office of Solid Waste.
[FR Doc. 97-34 Filed 1-6-97; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P