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Bortone, Stephen A., William P. Davis and Charles M. Bundrick. 1989. Morphological and Behavioral Characters in Mosquitofish as Potential Bioindication of Exposure to Kraft Mill Effluent. EPA/600/J-89/537. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 43(3):370-377. (ERL,GB 659). (Avail. from NTIS, Springfield, VA: PB91-199893)

Although the specific chemicals or factors actually responsible for induction of arrhenoidy among mosquitofish have not yet been identified, it is known that a wide variety of potential compounds occur as by-products from the processing of wood pulp (Keith 1976). Purpose of study was to investigate the morphological and behavioral responses of mosquitofish environmentally exposed to kraft mill effluent (KME) and to evaluate the potential of these responses as bioassay endpoints. A method to quantify the morphological or behavioral responses of mosquitofish should provide an in situ bioindicator to assess impact of KME discharge on receiving water biota.

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