|
 |
|
Lake Michigan Mass Balance
About the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study
Methods Compendium
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Disclaimer
Methods
Foreword
The Lake Michigan Mass
Budget/Mass Balance (LMMB) Study was initiated in late 1993 as part of the Lakewide
Management Plan (LaMP) for Lake Michigan. The Lake Michigan LaMP and the LMMB Study were
developed to meet requirements mandated by Section 118 of the Clean Water Act (CWA); Title
III, Section 112(m) of the Clean Air Act Amendments; and Annex 2 of the Great Lakes Water
Quality Agreement. Organizations participating in the development of these programs
included: EPA Region 5, the EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the Indiana Department of
Environmental Management. In general, the primary goal of the LaMP and the LMMB Study is
to develop a sound, scientific base of information with which to guide future toxic load
reduction efforts at the federal, state, and local levels.
This compendium describes the sampling and analytical methods used in the LMMB Study.
For ease of use, the compendium is organized into three volumes. Volume 1 describes
sampling procedures used in the study; Volumes 2 and 3 describe analytical procedures used
by each PI. Because sampling apparatus and techniques are generally geared towards
specific matrices, Volume 1 is organized according to sample matrix (e.g., air, water,
sediment, tissue, etc). Volumes 2 and 3 are organized by pollutant type (e.g, organics,
metals, biologicals) because laboratories and instrumentation are typically set up to
address specific pollutants rather than specific matrices.
Each Principal Investigator (PI) was required to follow specific quality control
requirements necessary to meet data quality and measurement quality objectives for the
LMMB Study. To assist users of this document, Appendix A provides the measurement quality
objectives (MQOs) established by each PI for his/her sampling and analysis program.
Finally, EPA has made no attempt to standardize the procedures submitted by PIs for
publication in this compendium. Therefore, the methods provided in this document contain
varying levels of detail. Appendix B provides names, addresses and phone numbers for each
PI and for each EPA Project Officer (PO). Specific questions about the procedures used in
the study should be directed to the appropriate PI or PO listed in Appendix B.
Acknowledgments
This compendium was prepared under the direction of Louis Blume of the EPA Great Lakes
National Program Office. The compendium was prepared by DynCorp Environmental and Grace
Analytical Lab. Special thanks are extended to Dr. William Telliard and staff at
EPA’s Office of Water for technical assistance and support of this project. The
methods contained in this compendium were developed by the following Principal
Investigators (PIs) participating in the Lake Michigan Mass Balance (LMMB) Study:
Eric Crecelius, Ph.D., Battelle Marine Sciences Laboratory, Sequim, WA
David Edgington, Ph.D., Great Lakes Research Facility, Milwaukee, WI
Brian Eadie, Ph.D., NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
Steven Eisenreich, Ph.D., Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
John Gannon, Ph.D., USGS National Biological Survey, Ann Arbor, MI
Nathan Hawley, Ph.D., NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
Bob Hesselberg, USGS National Biological Survey, Ann Arbor, MI
Ron Hites, Ph.D., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
Mark Holey, Fish and Wildlife Service, Green Bay, WI
Alan Hoffman, U.S. EPA AREAL, Research Triangle Park, NC
Tom Holsen, Ph.D., Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
Peter Hughes, United States Geological Survey, Madison, WI
Jim Hurley, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
Tom Johengen, Ph.D., NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
Jerry Keeler, Ph.D., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
Robert Mason, Ph.D., University of Maryland, Solomons, MD
Mike Mullin, U.S. EPA Large Lakes Research Station, Grosse Ile, MI
Edward Nater, Ph.D., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
Jerome Nriagu, Ph.D., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
John Robbins, Ph.D., NOAA, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Ron Rossmann, Ph.D., EPA Large Lakes Research Station, Grosse Ile, MI
Martin Shafer, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
William Sonzogni, Ph.D., Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene, Madison, WI
Clyde Sweet, Ph.D., Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL
Deborah Swackhamer, Ph.D., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
Pat Van Hoof, Ph.D., NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
Glenn Warren, Ph.D., U.S. EPA, GLNPO, Chicago, IL
Marvin Palmer, GLNPO, Chicago, IL
Disclaimer
This document describes sampling and analytical methods used by PIs participating in
the LMMB Study. Due to the nature and low concentrations of pollutants monitored in the
study, many of the methods used in the LMMB Study represent state-of-the art techniques
that will be refined further as new technology is developed and as necessary to resolve
matrix interferences. Therefore, the procedures described in this compendium should be
considered to accurately reflect procedures in use by the LMMB Study PIs at the time of
publication. Users of this document should recognize that these procedures are subject to
change.
Users of this document also should recognize that these methods do not constitute
"approved EPA methods" for use in compliance monitoring programs. Publication of
these methods is intended to assist users of LMMB Study data and to provide a reference
tool for researchers interested in building upon LMMB Study findings. Mention of company
names, trade names, or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
|
