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High Global Warming Potential (GWP) Gases
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photo montage with text high gwpLinks & Resources

Following are useful reference sources and links to information pertaining to greenhouse gases, and specifically non-CO2 gases. Where available, Web site links to the pertinent resources have been provided, otherwise most of the listed items are available through published literature sources or government printing offices.

The list of links and resources have been grouped under categorical headings to facilitate searching. These categories are:

General Climate Science

CDIAC (1993). Trends '93: A Compendium of Data on Global Climate Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (Data and information on climate change. The center is part of the U.S. Department of Energy.) cdiac.esd.ornl.gov Exit EPA

Cicerone, R.J., and R.S. Oremland (1988). Biochemical aspects of atmospheric methane. Global Biochemical Cycles 2:299-327 (December).

IPCC (2001a). Summary for Policy Makers: A Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The Third Assessment Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Summary for Policy Makers approved in Shanghai in January 2001. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

IPCC (2001b). Technical Summary: A Report Accepted by Working Group I of the IPCC but not approved in detail. A product resulting from The Third Assessment Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, January 2001. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

IPCC (2001c). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), January 2001. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change--Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

IPCC (1995). Climate Change 1994: Radiative Forcing of Climate Change and an Evaluation of the IPCC IS92 Emission Scenarios. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

IPCC (1992). Climate Change 1992: The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch Exit EPA

Oak Ridge National Labs
U.S. Department of Energy site that includes documents on climate change. www.ornl.gov Oak Ridge National Labs, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program (Information on estimated costs associated with the stabilization of greenhouse gases.) www.ornl.gov/ORNL/Energy_Eff/Energy_Eff.html Exit EPA

U.S. EPA's Climate Leaders Program
Climate Leaders is a voluntary EPA industry-government partnership that encourages companies to develop long-term comprehensive climate change strategies.

U.S. EPA's Climate Change site
Information and reports on climate change. www.epa.gov/climatechange

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Climate Policy & Economic Resources

Center for Clean Air Policy
The publications section of this site provides information on emissions trading and other issues related to climate change. The center, which was founded by a bipartisan group of state governors, focuses on market-based approaches to environmental problems. www.ccap.org Exit EPA

Climate Protection Initiative (CPI)
Information on policies and business strategies for achieving strong climate protection goals. CPI is a joint effort between the World Resources Institute and private firms. http://climate.wri.org/project_text.cfm?ProjectID=197 Exit EPA

Environmental Defense
Information on global warming related to environmental incentive mechanisms. http://www.environmentaldefense.org/system/templates/page/issue.cfm?subnav=12 Exit EPA

Environmental Resources Trust (ERT)
Information on creating markets for environmental resources. The nonprofit works with private companies, other nonprofit organizations and government agencies to develop market-oriented solutions to environmental problems. www.ert.net Exit EPA

Global Climate Change Policy Book (2002). Policy book provides executive summary of the Global Climate Change Initiatives President Bush announced on February 14, 2002. Highlighting the initiatives is a plan to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy by 18 percent between 2002 and 2012. www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/02/climatechange.html Exit EPA

Massachusetts Institute for Technology
The MIT Joint Program on the Science & Policy of Global Change is an interdisciplinary program focused on independent policy analysis and research on global environmental change issues. web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/ Exit EPA

NRC (2001). Climate Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key Questions. Committee on the Science of Climate Change, Division of Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. May 2001. books.nap.edu/openbook/0309075742/html/index.html Exit EPA

Pew Center on Global Climate Change
Information on an effort sponsored by the Pew Charitable Trusts to encourage major international companies and other organizations to work together in educating the public on climate change risks, challenges, and solutions. Among other things, the effort involves exploring beneficial products, practices, and technologies. www.pewclimate.org Exit EPA

Resources for the Future's Weathervane
The nonprofit RFF's site serves as a digital forum for global climate change policy. www.weathervane.rff.org Exit EPA

U.S. Department of State site
Information, government statements, and reports on global climate change issues and greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals. www.state.gov/g/oes/climate/. Exit EPA

U.S. Department of State (2002). Climate Action Report: 2002 Submission of the United States of America Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

U.S. EPA's Climate Protection Partnerships Division
IThe Division works with businesses, organizations, governments, and consumers to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases that contribute to global climate change by promoting greater use of energy efficient and other cost-effective technologies. www.epa.gov/cpd.html

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Energy Policy & Mitigation Resources

Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory Exit EPA

DOE's Office of Fossil Energy Exit EPA

DOE's Office of Science Exit EPA

Energy Modeling Forum, Stanford University
The EMF (Energy Modeling Forum) was established in 1976 to provide a structured forum within which energy experts from government, industry, universities, and other research organizations could meet to study important energy and environmental issues of common interest. www.stanford.edu/group/EMF/home/index.htm Exit EPA

The Global Energy Technology Strategy Program
The program is a joint initiative between Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute and the University of Maryland. The program focuses on the role that technology can play in addressing the long-term risks of climate change. www.pnl.gov/gtsp/index.stm Exit EPA

Massachusetts Institute for Technology
The MIT Joint Program on the Science & Policy of Global Change is an interdisciplinary program focused on independent policy analysis and research on global environmental change issues. web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/ Exit EPA

The International Energy Agency
IEA provides its Member countries with analytical work on energy and climate change. http://www.iea.org/Textbase/subjectqueries/index.asp Exit EPA www.ieagreen.org.uk/ Exit EPA

U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration site
Documents on climate change from DOE's independent statistical and analysis agency. www.eia.doe.gov Exit EPA

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Agriculture Policy & Mitigation Resources

Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (CASMGS) Exit EPA

Global Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship by Ruminant Livestock Producers (PDF, 19 pp., 162 KB, About PDF).
A comprehensive education program developed in collaboration with the Future Farmers of America.

Livestock Analysis Model (LAM) Software. Downloadable software and user manual that allows you to:

  • Characterize cattle and buffalo populations driven by the supply and demand for livestock products: milk, meat, and draft power.
  • Evaluate the impact of changes in production characteristics on a population of cattle and buffalo.
  • Evaluate baseline and future methane emissions from cattle and buffalo populations.

Small Steps Make A Difference Booklet (PDF, 16 pp., 159 KB, About PDF).

Texas A&M University, faculty research on agriculture and climate mitigation.
Dr. Bruce McCarl’s research on mitigation of greenhouse gases in the agriculture and forestry sectors. http://ageco.tamu.edu/faculty/mccarl/ Exit EPA

US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Agricultural Resource Service Program on Global Change Exit EPA

USDA's Economic Research Service Exit EPA

USDA's Forest Service Exit EPA

USDA's Global Change Program Office Exit EPA

USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service Exit EPA

U.S. EPA/USDA's agriculture and forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum

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Inventory Resources

Draft Emissions and Projections of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases for Developing Countries: 1990-2020 (PDF, 73 pp., 1.3MB ) Currently, this report is out for comment. Please submit comments by contacting Elizabeth Scheehle at scheehle.elizabeth@epa.gov.

IPCC (1997). Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (Revised in 1996). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs1.htm Exit EPA

IPCC (2000). Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/gpgaum.htm Exit EPA

U.S. EPA (2006). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (1990-2004). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-06-002 Visit epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport.html

United Nations' Framework Convention on Climate Change site
Information and documents on the FCCC and climate change. www.unfccc.de Exit EPA

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Methane Science

Dlugokencky, E.J., Houweling, S., Bruhwiler, L., Masarie, K.A., Lang, P.M., Miller, J.B. and Tans, P.P. (2003). Geophysical Research Letters 30: 10.1029/2003GL018126.

Dlugokencky, E.J., K.A. Masarie, P.M. Lange, and P.P. Tans (1998). Continuing Decline in the Growth Rate of the Atmospheric Methane Burden. Nature 393:447-450 (June 4).

Etheridge, D.M., G.I. Pearman, and P.J. Fraser (1994). Historical CH4 record from the "DE08" ice core at Law Dome, pp. 256-260. In: Boden et al., 1993. Trends '93. (See CDIAC, 1993.)

Fung, I., J. John, J. Lerner, E. Matthews. M. Prather, L.P. Steele, and P.J. Fraser (1991). Three-dimensional model synthesis of the global methane cycle. Journal of Geophysical Research 96:13,033-13,065.

Kvenvolden, K.A. (1991). A review of arctic gas hydrates as a source of methane in global change. In: Weller, G., C. Wilson, and B. Severin, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions in Global Change. Geophysica Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. December.

Simpson, Isobel J., Donald R. Blake, F. Sherwood Rowland and Tai-Yih Chen (2002). Implications of the recent fluctuations in the growth rate of tropospheric methane. Geophysical Research Letters, 29: 10.1029/2001GL014521.

U.S. EPA (1993b). Current and Future Methane Emissions From Natural Sources. Reports to Congress. Office of Air and Radiation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-011. Executive Summary / Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. EPA (1993c). Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States: Estimates for 1990. Report to Congress. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-003. Executive Summary / Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. EPA (1993d). Opportunities to Reduce Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States. Report to Congress. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-0012. Table of Contents / Order Form

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Black Carbon

Air Pollution as a Climate Forcing. Presentation by Tami Bond.
http://www.giss.nasa.gov/meetings/pollution02/d2_bond.html Exit EPA

U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program Exit EPA

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International References & Resources

Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE)
Information about climate change. ABARE provides applied economic research with a specialty in commodities.
www.abare.gov.au Exit EPA

Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading Pilot (Gert)
Information on pilot program for testing the effectiveness of emission reduction trading for greenhouse gases in the Canadian context. The program involves the Canadian federal government, a number of provinces, industry, labor, and environmental groups. The objective of the pilot is to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of an emission reduction trading system, as well as the technical, administrative, and legal aspects. www.gert.org Exit EPA

IIASA
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Research focused on developing energy resources in an environmentally friendly way for a growing world population. www.iiasa.ac.atExit EPA

National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)
Information on climate change and other topics. This research institute is located in Bilthoven, the Netherlands. www.rivm.nl Exit EPA

U.N. FCCC Climate Secretariat Exit EPA

U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization Exit EPA

U.S. EPA (1993a). Options for Reducing Methane Emissions Internationally, vols. I & II. Reports to Congress.
Office of Air and Radiation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-006 and EPA 430-R-93-006B. Volume I: Table of Contents Volume II: Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. Country Studies Program
Information on U.S.-related climate change efforts in specific countries. www.gcrio.org/CSP/webpage.html Exit EPA

U.S. Global Change Research Program Exit EPA

World Bank
Information and documents on climate change and the World Bank's Global Carbon Initiative. http://carbonfinance.org/ Exit EPA

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