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Guide for Industrial Waste Management
Chapter 7 - Section A: Assessing Risk (PDF) (46 pp, 186K, About PDF)This chapter describes how assessing risks and tailoring management controls accordingly at new waste management units can protect ground water. Using the three-tiered evaluation system discussed in this chapter, an appropriate design system, such as a liner or land application, can be determined.
This chapter helps to answer the following questions:
- What are the main steps in the risk assessment process?
- How do these steps apply to ground water risk?
- How do I use the Industrial Waste Management Evaluation Model (IWEM)
to perform a ground water risk evaluation?
- What type of waste management design system is appropriate?
Resources
US EPA's National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) is the Agency's
national resource center for human health and ecological risk assessments.
NCEA conducts risk assessments, carries out research to improve the state-of-the-science
of risk assessments and provides guidance and support to risk assessors.
Many publications are available from the site, including the Exposure
Factors Handbook.
US EPA's Center for Subsurface Modeling Support Website. Provides access
to various public domain ground-water and vadose zone models including
BIOPLUME-III. Also provides free technical support of the models and an
on-line database of commercially available ground-water modeling software.
University of Alabama, Hydrogeology Group Website. 
Provides access to
MT3DMS software, documentation, and other resources. MT3DMS is a modular
3-D multi-species transport model for simulation of advection, dispersion,
and chemical reaction of contaminants in ground-water systems.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Laboratory Website. Provides
access to numerous aquatic plant, dredged material disposal management,
health risk assessment, landfill, and water quality models including the
HELP model.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water Resources Application Software Website for ground-water software. Provides access to USGS software including
MODFLOW and other USGS ground-water fate and transport models.
