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United States Environmental Protection Agency
Drinking Water from Household Wells
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How Much Risk Can I Expect?

The risk of having problems depends on how good your well is — how well it was built and located, and how well you maintain it. It also depends on your local environment. That includes the quality of the aquifer from which you draw your water and the human activities going on in your area that can affect your well water. Some questions to consider in protecting your drinking water and maintaining your well are:

  • What distance should my well be from sources of human wastes such as septic systems?
  • How far should it be from animal feedlots or manure spreading?
  • What are the types of soil and underlying rocks? Does water flow easily or collect on the surface?
  • How deep must a well be dug to avoid seasonal changes in ground water supply?
  • What activities in my area (farming, mining, industry) might affect my well?
  • What is the age of my well, its pump, and other parts?
  • Is my water distribution system protected from cross connections and backflow problems?


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