South Carolina State Implementation Plan

REGULATION NO. 62.5
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL STANDARDS
STANDARD NO. 4
EMISSIONS FROM PROCESS INDUSTRIES SECTION I - GENERAL A. The method which is approved by the Department for determining
compliance with opacity limitations under this Standard is EPA
Reference Method 9 (40 CFR 60, Appendix A, as revised July 1,
1984). Alternate methods may be utilized only if approved in
advance by the Department and by the Environmental Protection
Agency.

B. This standard will not supersede any requirements imposed by
Federal New Source Performance Standards, National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, Federal or State
Prevention of Significant Deterioration Regulations, nor special
permit conditions, unless this Standard would impose a more
restrictive emission limit.
________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF FEB 17, 1987.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772 SECTION II - SULFURIC ACID MANUFACTURING A. The rate of emission of sulfuric dioxide from sulfuric acid
manufacturing shall be limited to no more than 4 pounds of sulfur
dioxide per ton of 100% sulfuric acid produced and emissions of
acid mist to 0.5 pounds of sulfuric acid per ton of 100% acid
produced.

B. The maximum allowable stack outlet opacity from any source
under this category is 20%.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF FEB 17, 1987.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAY 15, 1981 JUL 6, 1982 47 FR 29235
3rd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772 SECTION III - KRAFT PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING The rate of emissions from kraft pulp and paper
manufacturing shall be limited to the following:

Maximum allowable emission of
particulate matter in pounds/
Max allowable equivalent ton of air dried,
Stack Opacity unbleached pulp produced

Recovery Furnace ... 40% 2.75
Dissolving Tank .... 20% 1.0
Lime Kiln .......... 20% 1.0

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF OCTOBER 3, 1989.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAY 15, 1981 JUL 6, 1982 47 FR 29235
3rd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772
4th Revision: JUN 05, 1985 OCT 03, 1989 54 FR 40660
5th Revision: APR 29, 1988 OCT O3, 1989 54 FR 40662 SECTION IV - PORTLAND CEMENT MANUFACTURING A. The rate of emission of particulate matter from Portland
cement manufacturing shall be limited to the following:

Production Rate Per Maximum Allowable Emissions of
Kiln (tons per hour) Particulate Matter Kiln (Pounds
per hour)

10 14
15 18
20 22
25 25
30 29
50 40
60 42
80 45
100 47
120 48

B. Opacity from Portland Cement Manufacturing shall be limited to
the following:

Source Maximum allowable Stack opacity

Kiln 20%
Clinker Cooler 20%
Marl Dryer 20%

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF FEB 17, 1987.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772 SECTION V - COTTON GINS A. Particulate emissions from cotton gins shall be limited to the
maximum rate specified in the table below.

Production Rate Maximum Allowable Rate of
(Output) Particulate
(Bales* per Hour) (Pounds per Hour)

4 12.3
5 14.4
6 16.2
7 18.0
8 19.5
9 21.2
10 22.8
11 24.2
12 25.8
13 27.1
14 28.5
15 29.9
16 and above 31.2

B. The maximum allowable opacity from cotton ginning operations
shall be 20%.
_____________
* For the purpose of this standard a bale is defined as a
finished bale weighing 500 pounds.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF FEB 17, 1987.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772 SECTION VI - HOT MIX ASPHALT MANUFACTURING A. The rate of emission of particulate matter from hot mix
asphalt manufacturing shall be limited to the following:

Production Rate Maximum Allowable Emission Rate
(Tons per Hour) (Pounds per Hour)

20 22
50 31
100 38
150 45
200 51
250 56
300 61
350 and above 65

B. All hot mix asphalt plants shall be equipped with a fugitive
dust and/or fugitive emissions control system which shall be
operated and maintained in such a manner as to reduce to a
minimum the emission of particulate manner from any point other
than the stack outlet.

C. The maximum allowable stack opacity from hot mix asphalt
manufacturing shall be 20%.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF OCTOBER 3, 1989.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772
3rd Revision: JUN 05, 1985 OCT 03, 1989 54 FR 40660 SECTION VII - METAL REFINING The maximum allowable opacity from any furnace building and/or
operations building (including but not limited to pollution
control systems, louvers, doors, openings, etc.) shall be 20%.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF FEB 17, 1987.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772 SECTION VIII - OTHER MANUFACTURING A. Particulate matter emissions where not specified elsewhere
shall be limited to the rate specified in Table A (modified using
the effect factors (F) of Table B, as required).

B. Interpolation of the data in this table for process weights up
to 30 tons per hour shall be accomplished by use of the equation:

E = (F) 4.10 P0.67

and interpolation and extrapolation of the data for process
weight rates greater than 30 tons per hour shall be accomplished
by using the equation:

E = (f) 55.0 P0.11 - 40

where E = the allowable emission rate in pounds per hour,
P = process weight in tons per hour.
F = effect factor from Table B.

TABLE A

ALLOWABLE RATE OF EMISSION BASED ON PROCESS WEIGHT RATE*

PROCESS WEIGHT RATE OF PROCESS WEIGHT RATE OF
RATE EMISSION RATE EMISSION
(TONS/HOUR) (POUNDS/HOUR) (TONS/HOUR) (POUNDS/HOUR)

0.05 0.551 8 16.5
0.10 0.877 9 17.9
0.20 1.40 10 19.2
0.30 1.83 15 25.2
0.40 2.22 20 30.5
0.50 2.58 25 35.4
0.75 3.38 30 40.0
1.00 4.10 35 41.3
1.25 4.75 40 42.5
1.50 5.38 45 43.6
1.75 5.96 50 44.6
2.00 6.52 60 46.3
2.50 7.58 70 47.8
3.00 8.56 80 49.0
3.50 9.49 100 51.2
4.00 10.4 500 69.0
4.50 11.2 1000 77.6
5.00 12.0 3000 92.7

* Please note that certain small operations may not require a
permit (see exemptions under Regulation 62.1, Section II).

TABLE B
EFFECT FACTOR FOR PARTICULATE EMISSIONS*
(TO BE USED WITH STANDARD 4 - SECTION VIII)

-----------------------------------------------------------------
MATERIAL EFFECT FACTOR
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-
a. All materials not specifically
listed hereunder 1.0

b. Elements and their compounds on
the basis of the element
contained therein** none assigned

c. Specific Materials:
Acid Mists 0.25

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--
* The Board will make additions to this table as required from
time to time to preserve public health and property in S.C.

** When a material contains two or more elements, the effect
factor of the element having the lowest effect factor shall
apply. SECTION IX - VISIBLE EMISSIONS (WHERE NOT SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE)

1. Where construction or modification began on or before December
31, 1985, emissions (including fugitive emissions) shall not
exhibit an opacity greater than 40%.

2. Where construction or modification began after December 31,
1985, emissions (including fugitive emissions) shall not exhibit
an opacity greater than 20%.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF OCTOBER 3, 1989.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10841
1st Revision: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
2nd Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 17, 1987 52 FR 4772
3rd Revision: APR 29, 1988 OCT O3, 1989 54 FR 40662 SECTION X - NON-ENCLOSED OPERATIONS A. All non-enclosed operations shall be conducted in such a
manner that a minimum of particulate matter becomes airborne. In
no case shall established ambient air quality standards be
exceeded at or beyond the property line.

B. The owner or operator of all such operations shall maintain
dust control of the premises and any roadway owned or controlled
by the owner or operator by paving, or other suitable measures.
Oil treatment is prohibited.

C. All crushing, drying, classification and like operations shall
employ a suitable control device acceptable to the Department,
and shall discharge no more particulate matter than that
specified in Section VI of this Standard.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF OCTOBER 3, 1989.

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: DEC 20, 1978 JAN 29, 1980 45 FR 6572
1st Revision: MAR 24, 1986 FEB 12, 1987 52 FR 4772
2nd Revision: JUN 05, 1985 OCT 03, 1989 54 FR 40660 SECTION XI - TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR EMISSIONS OF KRAFT PULP MILLS A. Applicability and Designation of Affected Sources

1. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the
following affected sources in kraft pulp mills which
commenced construction prior to September 24, 1976: digester
system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect
evaporator system, black liquor oxidation system, recovery
furnace, smelt dissolving tank, lime kiln, and condensate
stripper system.

2. The effective date of this section is February 22, 1980.

B. Total Reduced Sulfur Emission Standards

The rate of total reduced sulfur emissions from existing
kraft pulp mills shall be limited to the following:

Maximum allowable emission of TRS as
H2S by dry volume, averaged over 12 hrs

Recovery Furnace

Cross Recovery 25 ppm (corrected to 8% oxygen)
Old Design Furnaces1 20 ppm (corrected to 8% oxygen)
New Design Furnaces2 5 ppm (corrected to 8% oxygen)
Digester System 5 ppm
Multiple-Effect Evaporator System 5 ppm
Lime Kiln 20 ppm (corrected to 10% oxygen)
Brown Stock Washer System no control
Black Liquor Oxidation System no control
Condensate Stripper System 5 ppm
Smelt Dissolving Tank 0.016 g/kg BLS3

C. Case-by-Case Exceptions to Provisions of Part B.

1. If the owner or operator of a source of total reduced sulfur
compounds regulated by this standard can demonstrate that
compliance with applicable portions of Part B would not be
economically feasible, the Department may, on a case-by-case
basis, allow emission limitations less stringent than those
required by applicable parts of Part B.

All data pertinent to the showing of economic infeasibility
must accompany a petition for this relief; and shall include
a present value analysis showing economic infeasibility.

2. Exceptions granted under this part are not effective until
submitted to and approved by the Administrator of United
States Environmental Protection Agency as a revision of the
Implementation Plan for Control of Designated Pollutants,
pursuant to Section 111 (d) of the Clean Air Act as amended
August 1977.

____________________________
1 Old design furnaces are defined as furnaces without welded
wall or membrane wall construction or emission-control designed
air systems.

2 New design furnaces are defined as furnaces with BOTH welded
wall or membrane wall construction and emission-control designed
air systems.

3 Black liquor solids (dry weights).

D. Monitoring, Recordkeeping and Reporting

1. The owner/operator shall:

a. calibrate, maintain and operate continuous monitoring
equipment to monitor and record the concentration of
TRS emissions on a dry basis and the percent of oxygen
by volume on a dry basis in the gases discharged into
the atmosphere from any lime kiln, recovery furnace,
digester system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or
condensate stripper system, except where these gases
are subjected to a minimum temperature of 1200oF for at
least 0.5 seconds in an incinerator or other device
which does not generate TRS. The location of each
monitoring system must be approved by this Department.

b. install, calibrate, maintain and operate a monitoring
device which measures the combustion temperature at the
point of incineration of effluent gases which are
emitted from any lime kiln, recovery furnace, digester
system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or
condensate stripper system unless TRS monitors are
required in paragraph (a). The monitoring device is to
be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within
+1 percent of the temperature being measured.

c. calibrate, maintain and operate continuous monitoring
equipment for any smelt dissolving tank,

(i) for the continuous measurement of the pressure
loss of the gas stream through the control
equipment. The monitoring device is to be
certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to
within a gauge pressure of +- 2 inches;

(ii) for the continuous measurement of the scrubbing
liquid supply pressure to the control equipment. The
monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to
be accurate within + 15 percent of design scrubbing liquid
supply pressure. The pressure sensor or tap is to be
located close to the scrubber liquid discharge point. The
Department may be consulted for approval of alternative
locations;

Continuously monitored operating and/or stack parameters may be
used as substitutes for TRS monitors provided that it is
demonstrated to the satisfaction of this Department that a
correlation exists between the monitored parameter and TRS
concentration and the other requirements in paragraph D(1) are
fulfilled. Alternative equivalent methods of monitoring must be
approved by this Department and EPA.

2. Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
section shall:

a. calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average
TRS concentrations for the two consecutive periods of
each operating day. Each 12-hour average shall be
determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate 12
contiguous 1-hour average total reduced sulfur
concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring
system installed under paragraph D (1)(a);

b. calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average
oxygen concentrations for the two consecutive periods
of each operating day for the recovery furnace and lime
kiln. These 12-hour averages shall correspond to the
12-hour average TRS concentrations under paragraph
D(2)(a) and shall be determined as an arithmetic mean
of the appropriate contiguous 1-hour average oxygen
concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring
system installed under paragraph D (1)(a);

c. correct all 12-hour average TRS concentrations to 10
volume percent oxygen, except that all 12-hour average
TRS concentrations from a recovery furnace shall be
corrected to 8 volume percent using the following
equation:

C corr = C uncorr x (21-X/21-Y)

where:
C corr = the concentration corrected for oxygen.

C uncorr = the concentration uncorrected for
oxygen.

X = the volumetric oxygen concentration in
percentage
to be corrected to (8 percent for
recovery
furnaces and 10 percent for lime kilns,
incinerators, or other devices).

Y = the measured 12-hour average volumetric
oxygen concentration.

3. Each owner or operator required to install a continuous
monitoring system shall submit a written report of excess
emissions (as defined in applicable subparts) to the
Department for every calendar quarter unless specified on a
more frequent cycle by the Department. All quarterly
reports shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the
end of each calendar quarter and shall include the following
information:

a. for emissions from any recovery furnace, periods of
excess emissions are all 12-hour average TRS
concentrations above 20 ppm by volume for old design
recovery furnaces, 5 ppm by volume for new design
recovery furnaces and above 25 ppm by volume for cross
recovery furnaces;

b. for emissions from any lime kiln, periods of excess
emissions are all 12-hour average TRS concentrations
above 20 ppm by volume;

c. for emissions from any digester system, multiple-effect
evaporator system, or condensate stripper system
periods of excess emissions are:

(i) all 12-hour average TRS concentrations above 5 ppm
by volume unless the provisions of D(1)(a) apply;

(ii) all periods in excess of 5 minutes and their
duration during which the combustion temperature is
less than 1200oF if the gases are combusted in an
incinerator or other device which does not generate
TRS.

4. The Department will consider periods of excess emissions
reported under Subpart D(3) of this section to be indicative of a
violation if:

a. the number of 12 hour exceedances from recovery
furnaces is greater than 1% of the total number of
contiguous 12 hour periods in a quarter (excluding
periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction and
periods when the recovery furnace is not operating).

b. the number of excess emissions from lime kiln exceeds
2% of the total number of possible contiguous periods
of excess emissions in a quarter (excluding periods of
startup, shutdown, or malfunction and periods when the
lime kiln is not operating).

c. the number of 12 hour exceedances from incinerators is
greater than 2% of the total number of contiguous
periods in a quarter (excluding periods of startup,
shutdown, or malfunction and periods when the
incinerator is not operating).

d. the Department determines that the affected equipment,
including air pollution control equipment, is not
maintained and operated in a manner which is consistent
with good air pollution control practice for minimizing
emissions during periods of excess emissions.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF JUL 2, 1990

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: JAN 21, 1972 MAY 31, 1972 37 FR 10842
1st Revision: MAY 15, 1981 JULY 6, 1982 47 FR 29234
2nd Revision: JUN 05, 1985 OCT 03, 1989 54 FR 40660
3rd Revision: MAR 16, 1989 JUL 02, 1990 55 FR 27226 SECTION XII - PERIODIC TESTING A. Particulate Matter Emissions and/or Sulfur Dioxide SO(2)

Scheduled periodic tests for particulate matter emissions
and/or sulfur dioxide will be required of the sources listed
below every two years except as noted, or as stipulated by
special permit conditions to demonstrate compliance with this
Standard.

1. Recovery furnaces and lime kilns of pulp and paper mills.
Smelt tank vents will be required to be tested every four
years.

2. Rotary kilns, clinker coolers, and rotary dryers of Portland
Cement plants.

3. Sulfuric acid plants.

4. Metallurgical furnaces greater than 10 tons/hr. normal
output.

5. Asphalt plants.

Asphalt plants that have a baghouse operating in a
satisfactory manner with sufficiently low visible emissions may
be exempted at the discretion of the Department.

6. Fertilizer plants.

7. Any other sources which are deemed necessary.

B. Total Reduced Sulfur (TRS)

Scheduled periodic tests for TRS will be required of any
source which must comply with Section XI every two years or on a
schedule as stipulated by special period conditions to
demonstrate compliance with this standard.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF JULY 2, 1990

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: MAR 3, 1983 OCT 31, 1983 48 FR 50078
1st Revision: MAR 16, 1989 JUL 02, 1990 55 FR 27226 SECTION XIII - SOURCE TEST REQUIREMENTS A. The owner or operator required to comply with Section XII
above shall conduct such tests as required by the Department
in order to demonstrate compliance with this Standard. The
test methods and procedures used shall be approved EPA test
methods or such alternative methods as approved by the
Department prior to testing.

Tests shall be conducted while the source is operating at
the maximum production rate or other production rate or
operating conditions which would result in the highest
emissions. Any production rate less than rated capacity may
result in production limitations on the permits.

All tests shall be made by, or under the direction of, a
person qualified by training and/or experience in the field
of air pollution testing.

Asphalt plants will be required to produce "surface mix"
during compliance source testing. "Surface mix" is hot laid
asphaltic concrete surface courses (except sand asphalt
surface mix) as defined in Section 403 of the 1973 edition
of the South Carolina State Highway Department's "Standard
Specifications for Highway Construction" manual.

The Department may, at its discretion, waive this
requirement if sufficient evidence indicates that less than
25% of the plant's total annual production is surface mix.

B. Any source owner or operator proposing to conduct tests in
accordance with paragraph A. above shall notify the
Department in the manner set forth below of the intent to
test, not less than two weeks before the proposed initiation
of the tests so the Department may observe the test if it
desires to do so.

Notification shall include the following minimum
information:

1. the purpose of the proposed test.

2. a description of the source to be tested.

3. a description of the test procedures, equipment, and
sampling sites.

4. a timetable, setting forth the dates on which the
testing will be started and concluded.

C. The final test reports must be submitted no later than 30
days after completion of on-site testing, containing as a
minimum, the following supporting information.

1. process weight rates (lb/hr.)

2. process design and load rates at which the test was
conducted.

3. procedure used for determining process weight rates.

4. calculations used to determine process weight rates.

5. signature of responsible company official.

D. The owner or operator proposing a source test under the
provisions of this section shall be responsible for
providing:

1. sampling ports, pipes, lines, or appurtenances for the
collection of samples and data required by the test
procedure.

2. safe access to the sample and data collection
locations.

3. light, electricity, and other utilities required for
sample and data collection.

E. Any proposed deviations from the procedures and requirements
stated above must be thoroughly explained and must be
approved by this Department prior to testing. Failure to
observe any of these procedures or requirements may be
grounds for not accepting the tests.

________________________________________________________________

THIS IS THE FEDERALLY APPROVED REGULATION AS OF OCTOBER 3, 1989

Date Submitted Date Approved Federal
to EPA by EPA Register

Original Reg: MAR 03, 1983 OCT 31, 1983 48 FR 50078
1st Revision: JUN 05, 1985 OCT 03, 1989 54 FR 40660

For information about the contents of this page please contact Sean Lakeman

South Carolina State Implementation Plan

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