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Peak Oil Co./Bay Drum Co.
National Information
Photos/Multimedia
Gated entrance to the Peak Oil/Bay Drum site.
- Additional Site Photos
- Site Video
Additional Resources
- Site Cleanup Terms - can be found in EPA's glossary
- EPA Guides to Cleanup Technologies
- Superfund Community Involvement (PDF) (17 pp, 130K)
Site Summary Profile
EPA ID: FLD004091807Location: Tampa, Hillsborough County, FL
Lat/Long: 27.970800, -082.340400
Congressional District: 11
NPL Status: Proposed: 10/15/84; Final: 06/10/86
Affected Media: Debris, Ground water, Residuals, Sediment, Soil
Cleanup Status: Construction complete - physical cleanup activities have been completed
Site Reuse/Redevelopment: Potential for commercial, industrial, and recreational use (Bay Drum)
Site Manager: Scott Martin (martin.scott@epa.gov)
Site Background
The Peak Oil/Bay Drum site located in Hillsborough County, Florida, is approximately 10 acres in size and consists of two adjacent properties. The 4-acre Peak Oil facility began operation as a waste oil refiner in August 1954. The re-refining process generated a low pH sludge and oil-saturated clay, which was stored over the life of the facility in three separate on-site lagoon areas. In 1979 or 1980, the company discontinued its refining process and shifted to filtering and blending the waste oil for resale.
The 6-acre Bay Drums facility is a former drum reconditioning facility that began operation as a drum reconditioning facility in 1962 on the eastern portion of the site.
Two nearby wetlands are also impacted, at least in part, by site-related contaminants.
Residential neighborhoods, light manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and Hillsborough County's refuse-to-energy plant are located in the area around the site.Threats and Contaminants
Soils, sludge, surface water, and sediments on site are contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals including arsenic and lead from former process wastes. Ground water is contaminated with VOCs and heavy metals.
Site Cleanup Plan
Due to the size and complexity of the site, EPA identified four operable units (OUs): OU-1 (Peak Oil soil); OU-2 (sitewide ground water); OU-3 (Bay Drum soil); OU-4 (nearby wetlands).
The Record of Decision (ROD) for OU-1 was issued in 1993. Major cleanup elements for the OU-1 included:- Excavation and stabilization/solidification of contaminated soils.
- Construction of a slurry wall around the contaminated area to contain contaminated soil.
- On-site disposal of the solidified/stabilized soil.
- Installation of a low permeability cap over the treated soil.
- Institutional controls to be placed on the property.
A June 2000 ESD for OU-1 revised cleanup goals for lead-contaminated soil in OU-1 and changed the cap from a multi-media cap to a geosynthetic clay liner cap.
The Record of Decision for OU-2 was issued in 1993. Major cleanup elements for OU-2 included:
- Ground water removal via on-site extraction wells.
- Ground water treatment (air stripping) to remove VOCs.
- Discharge to a local water treatment plant.
- Ground water monitoring.
A ROD Amendment for OU-2 was issued by EPA in 2005. The amended ROD eliminated the ground water removal and treatment component of the cleanup approach and replaced it with in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated VOCs via the injection of an organic substrate (i.e., vegetable oil) and monitored natural attenuation.
The ROD for OU-3 was issued in 1993. Major cleanup elements for OU-3 included:- Excavation and stabilization/solidification of contaminated soils.
- On-site disposal of the solidified/stabilized soil.
- Installation of a low permeability cap over the treated soil.
- Placement of one foot of topsoil over the remainder of the uncapped site.
- Institutional controls to be placed on the property.
The ROD for OU-4 was issued in 1994. The cleanup approach is a "No Action" remedy, relying on cleanup activities at OU-1, OU-2, and OU-3 to address the contamination in OU-4. The OU-4 ROD also required periodic ecological assessments of nearby wetlands and monitoring of the adjacent Surficial Aquifer.
Cleanup Progress
In 1986, EPA undertook a removal action at the Peak Oil site to treat approximately 4,000 cubic yards of sludge contaminated with PCBs.
EPA also conducted two removal actions at the Bay Drums site. In 1989, EPA removed approximately 70,000 cubic yards of shingles in order to effectively evaluate the extent of soil contamination at the site. EPA conducted the second removal action at the site in 1990 and removed contaminated soils, drums of hazardous waste, and bags of pesticides from the site.
Cleanup activities for OUs 1 and 3 began in the Fall of 2000 and were completed in 2001.
Restrictive covenants were placed on the Bay Drums property in August 2004 and on the Peak Oil property in March 2004. The covenants restrict construction of any on-site water supply wells and/or irrigation wells on the property as well as prohibit construction activities on the caps that might damage, alter or otherwise be detrimental to the cap system.
Implementation of the amended cleanup approach for OU-3, in-situ bioremediation of VOCs, began in the Spring of 2005. Ground water data indicates that the vegetable oil remedy is performing as expected and is anticipated to be in place as part of the remedy for a considerable period of time.
The first Five Year Review (FYR) for the site was completed in 2005. This FYR found that the remedies for OUs 1, 2, and 3 appeared to be functioning as intended and were protective of human health and the environment. The FYR recommended that additional assessments of the wetlands be undertaken to ensure the remedy for OU-4 was protective of human health and the environment over the long term.Site cleanup activities have been undertaken by potentially responsible parties with oversight by EPA.
Enforcement Activities
Community Involvement
EPA has conducted a range of community involvement activities at the Peak Oil / Bay Drum site to solicit community input and to ensure that the public remains informed about site activities throughout the site cleanup process. Outreach activities have included public notices, interviews, and public meetings on cleanup activities and updates.
Fact Sheets
- Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) (1 pg, 310K)
- 2004 Proposed Cleanup Plan Fact Sheet (PDF) (21 pp, 120K)
Future Work
Ground water treatment and monitoring will continue for the site until drinking water standards are met.
The next FYR for the site is expected in September 2010.Site Administrative Documents
Site Repository
For more information or to view any site-related documents, please visit the site information repository at the following location. As new documents are generated, they will be placed in the information repository for public information.
North Florida Junior College
Turner Davis Drive
Madison, FL 32340
Administrative Record Index
- Removal (PDF) (11 pp, 450K)
- OU-1 (PDF) (17 pp, 750K)
- OU-1 ESD (PDF) (1 pg, 25K)
- OU-2 (PDF) (4 pp, 125K)
- OU-2 Amendment (PDF) (3 pp, 130K)
- OU-2 (PDF) (22 pp, 970K)
- OU-3 (PDF) (12 pp, 500K)
- OU-3 ESD (PDF) (1 pg, 34K)
- OU-4 (PDF) (11 pp, 450K)
For documents not available on the website, please contact the Region 4 Freedom of Information Office.