Anodyne, Inc.

• Site Profile
• Administrative Record Index (PDF): OU1 (9 pp., 305K), ESD (1 pp., 33K)
• Continuous Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF, 1 pp., 134K)
• Additional Site Documents including Five Year Reviews, Records of Decisions (ROD) and Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD).
• For documents not available on the website, please contact the Region 4 Freedom of Information Office (http://www.epa.gov/region4/foiapgs/submit.htm).

Site Background:
The Anodyne, Inc. Site is located at 1270 N.W 165th Street in the Sunshine State Industrial Park, an unincorporated portion of Dade County, Florida near North Miami Beach. The industrial park is located in a mixed residential, commercial, and industrial district of northern Dade County, Florida. It is bordered on the north by the Palmetto Expressway (State Route 826); on the east by Interstate State 95; to the south by U.S. Route 441 and Biscayne Canal; and to the west by Bunche Park, a residential development. The former Anodyne, Inc. facility is located on a parcel of land approximately 4.25 acres in size. Buildings that formerly housed the Anodyne, Inc. manufacturing operations are now occupied by a packaged snack distribution center and a furniture/warehouse facility.

Anodyne, Inc. is believed to have begun operation in 1960, although the exact date is unknown. Ownership of the facility changed several times, and underwent an expansion in 1968, before closing in 1978. Company literature indicates that it was one of the "nations foremost producers of metal decorating products". Some of the consumer products produced included colorful decorative trim, control panels, face plates, and equipment dials. Production activities conducted within the plant included aluminum anodizing, embossing, lithograph development and printing, silk screening, die and diamond cutting, and laminating. The manufacturing processes were conducted within the Anodyne, Inc. building. Some storage of process chemicals occurred in above ground tanks enclosed in concrete block structures along the south side of the building. Information also indicates that wastes were discharged via pipes through the building wall directly on to the ground. Another site feature is a 10-inch diameter, 90-foot deep, well located on the south central side of the Anodyne, Inc. building believed to have been used for waste disposal.

Due to the urbanization of the area, relatively few natural resources or ecologically sensitive areas exist in proximity to the Site. The Site overlies the Biscayne aquifer, a shallow water table aquifer that serves as the sole source of drinking water for Dade and Broward Counties. The aquifer has been Federally designated as a Class I drinking water aquifer under the Clean Water Act and as a Sole Source Aquifer.

Site Responsibility:  The two distinct areas of contamination identified as zone 1 and zone 2 are being addressed by a PRP lead and fund lead action.  The zone 1, consisting of surface and subsurface soils as well as shallow groundwater is the responsibility of the PRP.  The deep aquifer, zone 2, will be addressed by the EPA.

Threats and Contaminants
Results from the PRP funded Remedial Investigations documented two separate and distinct zones of contamination, one is metal contaminated groundwater and soil, and a second of groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds. A Record of Decision was selected in 1993 that calls for the excavation and disposal of metals contaminated soil and collection and treatment of contaminated groundwater. 

Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages.  The surface and subsurface soils are being addressed by the PRP group.  In addition, the shallow groundwater will be addressed by the PRP.  This area is identified as zone 1.  The deep aquifer is identified as zone 2 and will be addressed as a fund lead action by the EPA.

Response Action Status

Immediate Action:  Additional monitoring wells were installed in the summer of 2004 and fall of 2005 to track the movement of a plume containing chlorinated compounds.  Additional sampling was collected for the previously installed wells and new wells to measure contaminant levels.  Since the movement of the contaminants have been noticeable in both north and southward directions further investigations have been warranted.

Entire Site:  The zone 1 work pertaining to the site activities began in 2003 and have been completed as of summer of 2005.  The interim action completion report was submitted by the PRP group and accepted by the EPA.  The surface soils have been restored and landscaping completed according to the approved work plan.
Zone 2 work continues with the installation of monitoring wells.  The EPA has an interagency agreement with the Corp. of Engineers to assist in groundwater remediation.  Movement of the contamination plume is relatively active due to dynamic influences of groundwater recharge and local area wellheads.  Additional analytical data was collected in mid-2006 to assist in the identification of contaminant concentrations as well as rate of movement.

Cleanup Progress:
Design of the cleanup for Zone 1 was completed in 1995. EPA and the PRPs for Zone 1 signed a Consent Decree in July 2000 to perform the remedial action for Zone 1. Zone 1 fieldwork activity began in February of 2003. On site activities included soil excavation and shallow groundwater sampling for Zone 1. Confirmation sampling and regrading of the area was completed in mid 2003. The final shallow groundwater sampling was conducted and completed in March of 2004. Review of the results and Completion of Remedial Action for Zone 1 of the Site report was reviewed and finalized by July of 2005.  A Letter of Completion for Zone 1 was signed by the EPA on August 29, 2005 in accordance with the Consent Decree.

Additional design studies for Zone 2 began in January 2000 to further evaluate changes in the distribution of contaminants in the plume. Additional groundwater monitoring wells were installed from January to April 2000. Groundwater samples were collected from the monitoring well network in June 2000 by the EPA.

Installation of additional monitoring wells was completed in May of 2004. This effort allowed for the expanded tracking of the plume that has occurred. Groundwater sampling was completed in June of 2004.  The contamination plume has been identified from the most recent well installations in June of 2004. 

In an effort to identifiy the extent of the plume and concentration of chlorinated compounds additional wells were installed with microwell clusters approximately 500 yards to the north and south of the wells installed in 2004.  In addition, groundwater samples were collected from existing wells to further analyze and determine the level of concentration from previous data collected.  A report evaluating the groundwater sampling results was finalized in 2007.

A pilot study for groundwater remediation was drafted to conduct treatability of contamination identified in the deep acquifer in 2008. This pilot study was initiated by EPA and the USACE in February 2009. The pilot study will be complete in 2010.

Site Repository
North Dade Regional Library, 2455 NW 183 Street, Miami, Florida 33056