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Spruce Bark Beetle Management - Bibliography
Alexander, R. R. 1957. Damage to advanced reproduction in clear cutting spruce-fir. USDA Forest Service, Research Note #27. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1958. Silvical characteristics of Englemann spruce. USDA Forest Service, Research Note #31. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1963. Harvest cutting old-growth mountain spruce-fir in Colorado. J. For. 61: 115-119.
Alexander, R. R. 1964. Minimizing windfall around clear cuttings in spruce-fir forests. For. Sci. 10: 130-142.
Alexander, R. R. 1967a. Windfall after clearcutting on Fool Creek. USDA Forest Service, Research Note, RM-92. (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.?)
Alexander, R. R. 1967b. Site indexes for Englemann spruce in the central Rocky Mountains. USDA Forest Service, Research Paper, RM-32. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1971. Initial partial cutting in old-growth spruce-fir. USDA Forest Service Research Paper RM-76. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1973. Partial cutting in old-growth spruce-fir. USDA, Forest Service Research Paper RM-110. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1974. Silviculture of subalpine forests in the central and southern Rocky Mountains: the status of our knowledge. USDA, Forest Service Research Paper RM-121. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1975. Partial cutting in old-growth lodgepole pine. USDA, Forest Service Research Paper RM-136. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R., W. D Shepperd, C. B. Edminster. 1975. Yield tables for managed even-aged stands of spruce-fir in the central Rocky Mountains. USDA, Forest Service Research Paper RM-134. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1986. Silvicultural systems and cutting methods for old-growth spruce-fir forests in the central and southern Rocky Mountains. USDA Forest Service General Technical Paper, GTR RM-126. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Alexander, R. R. 1987. Ecology, silviculture and management of Englemann spruce-subalpine fir type in the central and southern Rocky Mountains. USDA Forest Service Agricultural Handbook 659. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Amman, G. D., M. D. McGregor and R. E. Dolph, Jr. December 1989 (Revised for
internet K. A. Sheehan, September 1997). Forest insect and disease leaflet
2: Mountain pine beetle. USDA, Pacific Northwest Region, Natural Resources,
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Arno, S.F. and M. G. Harrington. 1995. Use of thinning and fire to improve forest health and wildlife habitat. Tree Farmer: May/June.
The Associated Press. 1999. Beetles rout Forest Service in battle of Dixie Forest. The Salt Lake Tribune. Sunday August 15, C7.
Baker, W. L. and T. T. Veblen. 1980. Spruce beetles and fires in the nineteenth-century subalpine forests of western Colorado, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research, 22(1): 65-80.
Barrett, S. W. and S. F. Arno. 1982. Indian fires as an ecological influence in the northern Rockies. J. For., 80: 647-651.
Bartos, D. L. and G. D. Amman. 1989. Microclimate: an alternative to tree vigor as a basis fr mountain pine beetle infestations. USDA, Forest Service Research Paper INT-400. Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.
Bartos, D. L. and R. F. Schmitz. December 1998. Characteristics of endemic-level mountain pine beetle populations in south-central Wyoming. USDA, Forest Service RMRS-RP-13. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden UT.
Bentz, B. J. and A. S. Munson. 2000. Spruce beetle population suppression in Northern Utah. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, 15(3): 122-128.
Bentz, B. J., J. A. Powell and J. A. Logan. December 1996. Localized spatial and temporal attack dynamics of the mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine. USDA, Forest Service INT-RP-494. Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.
Brandenburg, A. M. and M. S. Carroll. 1995. Your place or mine?: The effect of place creation on environmental values and landscape meanings. Society and Natural Resources, 8: 381-398.
Chojnacky, D. C., B. J. Bentz and J. A. Logan. 2000. Mountain pine beetle attack in ponderosa pine: Comparing methods for rating susceptibility. USDA Forest Service Research Paper RMRS-RP-26. Rocky Mountain Research Station.
DeLeon, D. 1954. Is host condition the cause of insect outbreaks? J. For. 52: 202.
Dyer, E. D. A and R. S. Hodgkinson (eds.). 1981. Spruce beetle management seminar and workshop. Proceedings in abstract. October 7-8 1980, Prince George BC. Pest Management, Report 1. B.C. Ministry of Forests, Victoria, B. C.
Dyer, E. D. A. 1973. Spruce beetle aggregated by the synthetic pheromone Frontalin. Can. J. For. Res. 3: 486-494.
Dymerski, A.D., J. A. Anhold, and A. S. Munson. 2001. Spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreak in Englemann spruce (Picea engelmannii) in central Utah, 1986-1998. Western North American Naturalist 61(1): 19-24.
Eglitis, A. 1982. Spruce beetle Glacier Bay National park. USDA Forest Service Biological Evaluation R10-82-1. State and Private Forestry, Alaska Region.
Eisenhart, K. S. and T. T. Veblen. 2000. Dendroecological detection of spruce bark beetle outbreaks in northwestern Colorado. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30: 1788-1798.
Feeney, S. R., T. E. Kold, W. W. Covington and M. R. Wagner. 1998. Influence of thinning and burning restoration treatments on pre-settlement ponderosa pines at the Gus Pearson Natural Area. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 28: 1295-1306.
Filip, G.M., C.L. Schmitt and K.P. Hosman. 1992. Effects of harvesting season and stump size on incidence of Annosus root disease of true fir. Western J. of Applied Forestry 7: 54-56.
Goheen, D.J. and E.M. Hansen. 1993. Effects of pathogens and bark beetles on forests. Pp. 175-196 in T.D. Schowalter and G.M. Filip, eds. Beetle-Pathogen Interactions in Conifer Forests. Academic Press. San Diego, Ca.
Goheen, E.M. and D.J. Goheen. 1989. Losses caused by Annosus root disease in Pacific Northwest forests. Pp. 66-69 in Proceedings of the Symposium on Research and Management of Annosus Root Disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in Western North America. W.J. Otrosina and R.F. Scharpf, tech. coord.
Goyer, R. A., M. R. Wagner and T. D. Schowalter. 1998. Current and proposed technologies for bark beetle management. J. Forestry. 96(12): 29-33.
Hamilton, R. C. 1993. Characteristics of old-growth forests in the Intermountain region. USDA Forest Service Intermountain Region, Ogden, UT.
Hindmarch, T. D. and M. L. Reid. 2001. Thinning of mature lodgepole pine stands increases scolytid bark beetle abundance and diversity. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 31: 1502-1512.
Hinds, T. E., F. G. Hawksworth and R. W. Davidson. 1965. Beetle-killed Englemann spruce: its deterioration in Colorado. J. For., 63: 536-542.
Holsten, E. H., R. W. Thier and J. M. Schmid. February 1991 (Revised for internet K. A. Sheehan, December 1997). Forest insect and disease leaflet 127: The spruce beetle. USDA, Pacific Northwest Region, Natural Resources, Portland, OR.
Holsten, E. H. 1981. Spruce beetle: Chugach National Forest, Anchorage Ranger District. Biological Evaluation, R10-81-4. For. Ins. and Dis. Mgt., State and Private Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region.
Jenkins, M. J., C. A. Dicus and E. G. Hebertson. 1998. Post-fire succession and disturbance interactions on an intermountain subalpine spruce-fir forest. Pp. 219-229 in Pruden, T. L. and L. A. Brennan, eds. Proceedings, Symposium: Fire in Ecosystem Management: Shifting the paradigm from suppression to prescription. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 20. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL.
Kaufman, M. R., C. M. Regan and P. M. Brown. 2000. Heterogeneity in ponderosa pine/ Douglas-fir forests: age and size structure in unlogged and logged landscapes of central CO. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30(5): 678-711.
Kerlin, K. 2002. As global warming rises, so do tree-killing infestations
of bark beetles. The Environmental News Magazine, Environmental News Network,
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Kjaer, C., N. Elmegaard, J. A. Axelsen, P. N. Andersen and N. Seidelin. 1998. The impact of phenology, exposure and instar susceptibility on insecticide effects on a chrysomelid beetle population. Pestic. Sci., 52: 361-371.
Knight, F. B., W. F. McCambridge and B. H. Wilford. 1956. Estimating Englemann spruce beetle infestation in the central Rocky Mountains. USDA, Forest Service Paper 25. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
Koplin, J. R. 1969. The numerical response of woodpeckers to insect prey in a sub-alpine forest in Colorado. Condor, 71: 436-438.
Koplin, J. R. 1972. Measuring predator impact of woodpeckers on spruce beetles. Journal of Wildlife Management, 36: 308-320.
Larsson, S., R. Oren, R. H. Waring and J. W. Barrett. 1983. Attacks of mountain pine beetle as related to tree vigor of ponderosa pine. For. Sci. 29: 395-402.
Le Barron, R. K. and G. M. Jemison. 1953. Ecology and silviculture of the Englemann spruce- alpine fir type. J. For. 51: 349-355.
Massey, C. L. and N. D. Wygant. 1954. Biology and control of the Englemann spruce beetle in Colorado. USDA Cir. No. 944.
Mattson, W. J. and N. D. Addy. 1975. Phytophagous insects as regulators of forest primary production. Science 190: 515-522.
McCambridge, W. F. and R. E Stevens. 1982. Effectiveness of thinning ponderosa pine stands in reducing mountain pine beetle mortality: preliminary observations. USDA Forest Service, Research Note RM-414. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
McCambridge, W. F and F. B. Knight. 1972. Factors affecting spruce beetles during a small outbreak. Ecology, 53: 830-839.
McGregor, M. D., G. D. Amman, R. F. Schmitz, R. D. Oakes. 1987. Partial cutting lodgepole pine stands to reduce losses to the mountain pine beetle. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 17: 1234-1239.
McGregor, M. D. and D. M. Cole. 1985. Integrating management strategies for the mountain pine beetle with multiple-resource management of lodgepole pine forests. USDA, Forest Service GTR INT-174. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
McMillian, J. D. and M. R. Wagner. 1989. Assessing the impacts of foliage-feeding insects on timber and scenic beauty of ponderosa pine: A methodical approach. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ.
Mielke, J. L. 1950. Rate of deterioration of beetle-killed Englemann spruce. J. For. 48: 882-888.
Miller, P. C. 1970. Age distributions of spruce and fir in beetle-killed forests on the White River Plateau, Colorado. Am. Midl. Nat., 83: 206-212.
Mitchell, R. G., R. H. Waring and G. B. Pitman. 1983. Thinning lodgepole pine increases tree vigor and resistance to mountain pine beetle. For. Sci. 29: 204-211.
Mitton, J. B. and K. B. Sturgeon, eds. 1982. Bark beetles in North American conifers: a system for the study of evolutionary biology. University of Texas Press, TX.
Mueller, L. A. 1959. Beetle killed Englemann spruce shows promise as a raw material for particle board. USDA Forest Service Research Note 35. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Nebeker, T. E. and J. D. Hodges. 1983. Influence of forestry practices on host susceptibility to bark beetles. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie. 96: 194-208.
Nebeker, T. E. and J. D. Hodges. 1985. Thinning and harvesting practices to minimize site and stand disturbance and susceptibility to bark beetle and disease attacks. In proceedings of the Integrated Pest Management Research Symposium, S . J. Branham and R. C. Thatches, eds.. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report, SO-56.
Nelson, A. L. 1954. Control and salvage policy: Spruce beetle control in Colorado. J. For. 52: 503-505.
Obedzinski, R. A., J. M. Schmid, S. A. Mata, W. K. Olsen and R. R. Kessler. April 1999. Growth of ponderosa pine stands in relation to mountain pine beetle susceptibility. USDA, Forest Service RMRS-GTR-28. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ft. Collins, CO.
Oosting, J. J and J. F. Reed. 1952. Virgin spruce-fir forest in the Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming. Ecol. Monogr., 22: 69-91.
Peet, R. K. 1988. Forests of the Rocky Mountains. In North American Terrestrial Vegetation, M. G. Barbour and W. D. Billings, eds.. Pp. 46-101. Cambridge University Press, NY.
Rasmussen, L. A., G. D. Amman, J. C. Vandygriff, R. D. Oakes, A. S. Munson, and K. E. Gibson. March 1996. Bark beetle and wood borer infestation in the Greater Yellowstone Area during four post-fire years. USDA, Forest Service INT-RP-487. Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.
Reynolds, K. M and E. H. Holsten. 1997. SB expert user guide (version 2.0): A knowledge-based decision-support system for Spruce beetle Management. USDA Forest Service Research Note RM-309.
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