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AATDF Technology Practices Manual for Surfactants and Cosolvents (TR-97-2).
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This manual, produced by the DOD Advanced Applied Technology Demonstration Facility Program at Rice University, is intended to assist decision makers with the evaluation and potential application of surfactant/cosolvent flushing for the remediation of subsurface contamination. The report provides a basic understanding of the technologies, their applicability and limitations, and an understanding of the factors to be considered when implementing projects.

Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 1
Order EPA 542-R-95-001
Download (341K/108pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 37 case studies of site remediation projects prepared by Federal agencies. The case studies were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from early technology applications. They will help establish benchmark data on cost and performance which should lead to greater confidence in the selection and use of cleanup technologies. The case studies were collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable as part of a larger effort to improve future project documentation and information transfer.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 2
Order EPA 542-R-97-010
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 17 case studies of site remediation prepared by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable, were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications. They will help establish benchmark data on cost and performance which should lead to greater confidence in the selection and use of cleanup technologies.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 3
Order EPA 542-R-98-010
Download (754K/242pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 86 case studies of site remediation prepared by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable, were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications. They will help establish benchmark data on cost and performance which should lead to greater confidence in the selection and use of cleanup technologies.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 4
Order EPA 542-R-00-006
Download (701K/194pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 78 case studies of site remediation applications prepared by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable, were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications. They will help establish benchmark data on cost and performance which should lead to greater confidence in the selection and use of cleanup technologies.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 5
Order EPA 542-R-01-008
Download (808K/168pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 56 case studies of site remediation applications prepared primarily by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 6
Order EPA-542-R-02-006
Download (971K/139pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 39 case studies of site remediation applications prepared primarily by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 7
Order EPA-542-R-03-011
Download (634K/131pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 29 case studies of site remediation applications prepared primarily by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 8
Order EPA 542-R-04-012
Download (3.6MB/109pp/PDF)
This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 19 case studies of site remediation applications prepared primarily by federal agencies. The case studies, collected under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), were undertaken to document the results and lessons learned from technology applications. The report includes 7 projects addressing cleanup of soil and groundwater using in situ bioremediation technologies, 4 case studies focusing on soil vapor extraction for treatment of halogenated volatile compounds, and 3 reports covering in situ soil and groundwater treatment using chemical oxidation/reduction technologies.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 9
Order EPA 542-R-05-021
Download (732K/87pp/PDF)
This report, published by the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), is a collection of recently published abstracts summarizing 13 cost and performance case studies on the use of remediation technologies at contaminated sites. The case studies include several different technologies for treating soil or groundwater contamination or both, with 7 reports addressing soil cleanup and 8 reports concerning groundwater


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 10
Order EPA 542-R-06-002
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This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing nine new FRTR cost and performance case studies documenting the results and lessons learned from site remediation technology applications. The abstracts are organized by technology, and cover a variety of in situ treatment technologies and some containment remedies. The abstracts and corresponding case study reports are available through the Roundtable Web site, which contains a total of 383 remediation technology case studies. The online version of this document also includes a table (Appendix A) identifying the specific sites, technologies, contaminants, media, and year published for the 383 case studies in the FRTR database.


Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies, Volume 11
Order EPA 542-R-07-004
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This report is a collection of abstracts summarizing 10 new FRTR cost and performance case studies documenting the results and lessons learned from site remediation technology applications. The abstracts are organized by technology, and include several different technologies for treating soil or groundwater contamination or acid rock drainage, with 3 reports addressing soil cleanup, 4 reports focusing on groundwater and 3 reports focusing on treating acid rock drainage. This document also includes a table (Appendix A) identifying the specific sites, technologies, contaminants, media, and year published for the 393 case studies in the FRTR database.


Analysis of Information Contained in Completed North American Innovative Remediation Technology Demonstration Projects.
Order EPA 542-B-96-002
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This report prepared by the Groundwater Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC) provides an analysis of information pertaining to ground-water remediation projects contained in the title document.


Analysis of Selected Enhancements for Soil Vapor Extraction.
Order EPA 542-R-97-007
Download (3.2M/246pp/PDF)
This report provides an engineering analysis of, and status report on, selected enhancements for soil vapor extraction (SVE) treatment technologies. The report is intended to assist project managers considering an SVE treatment system by providing them with an up-to-date status of enhancement technologies; an evaluation of each technology's applicability to various site conditions; a presentation of cost and performance information; a list of vendors specializing in the technologies; a discussion of relative strengths and limitations of the technologies; recommendations to keep in mind when considering the enhancements; and a compilation of references.


Arsenic Treatment Technologies for Soil, Waste, and Water
Order EPA 542-R-02-004
Download Report (2.2M/132pp/PDF)
Download Appendix A (367K/87pp/PDF)
Download Appendix B (137K/18pp/PDF)
This report contains current information on the treatment technologies for wastes and environmental media containing arsenic. It summarizes information on 13 technologies used to treat arsenic, identifies sites and facilities where arsenic treatment has been used, and provides references to more detailed arsenic treatment information. The information can be used to help identify and screen treatment technologies that can meet the lower arsenic maximum contaminant level (MCL). The technologies included in the report to address soil and solids are: solidification/stabilization, vitrification, soil washing/acid extraction, pyrometallurgical treatment, and in situ soil flushing. Technologies for water include: precipitation-coprecipitation, membrane filtration, adsorption, ion exchange, permeable reactive barriers, and biological treatment. Two technologies discussed in the report address soils, other solids, and water: electrokinetics and phytoremediation


Assessing Contractor Capabilities for Streamlined Site Investigations
Order EPA 542-R-00-001
Download (170K/15pp/PDF)
The purpose of this document is to familiarize and encourage brownfields decision makers to investigate and employ innovative methods for characterizing their sites, to assist brownfields decision makers in assessing contractors' capabilities and familiarity with these methods, and to suggest additional items for contractors to consider in conducting their activities.


Bibliography of Phytoremediation Resources.
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This bibliography is the work of the EPA Phytoremediation Handbook Team in conjunction with the RTDF Phytoremediation Action Team. The list of over 865 citations includes peer reviewed journal articles, newspaper stories, presentations and posters from conferences, and book chapters.

Bioremediation Field Initiative Site Profiles.
Current information on the status of bioremediation nationally as well as information on sites where field performance evaluations have been and are being conducted.

Bioremediation in the Field newsletter. (current issue)
Order EPA 540-F-95-506h
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A newsletter that offers information on applying bioremediation to site cleanup. Describes treatability studies and bioremediation projects planned, operating, or completed at CERCLA, RCRA, UST, and TSCA sites.


Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Groundwater
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This report was prepared under grant for EPA by Megan Grindstaff, a National Network of Environmental Management Studies fellow. The document is intended to provide a basic summary and current status on in situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. It is not intended to be an inclusive report; it merely provides an overview of the existing work conducted on in situ bioremediation for treating chlorinated solvents in groundwater. The information was gathered from a range of available sources, including project documents, reports, periodicals, Internet searches, and personal communication with involved parties.


Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes: Research, Development and Field Evaluations.
Order EPA 540-R-95-532
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Results of field evaluations on the use of land treatment for wastes from a wood treaters site.


Bioremediation Resource Guide.
Order EPA 542-B-93-004
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Identifies information resources intended to aid users in remedial decisions. Includes abstracts of field reports and guidance documents.


Brownfields Technology Primer: Requesting and Evaluating Proposals That Encourage Innovative Technologies for Investigation and Cleanup.
Order EPA 542-R-01-005
Download (1.4 MB/57pp/PDF)
This 57 page primer expands on the guide for assessing contractor capabilities that was previously prepared by the BF Technology Support Center. The primer emphasizes techniques for soliciting proposals that encourage contractors to use innovative technologies. It also includes tips and questions to consider when interviewing contractors to assess their capabilities in the use of innovative technologies.


Brownfields Technology Primer: Selecting and Using Phytoremediation for Site Cleanup
Order EPA 542-R-01-006
Download (2.7 MB/45pp/PDF)
This primer explains the phytoremediation process, discusses the potential advantages and considerations in selecting phytoremediation to clean up brownfields sites, and provides information on additional resources about phytoremediation.


Citizen's Guides to Cleanup Methods
The Citizens' Guides are 2-page fact sheets that explain, in basic terms, the operation and application of the most frequently used innovative treatment technologies. Note: There are English and Spanish versions of each guide. A flyer containing more information about the Citizen's Guide series, including ordering information is available for download in English (663K/4pp/PDF) and Spanish (488K/4pp/PDF).


Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information.
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This publication outlines key hazardous substance and waste remedy publications, guidance, databases, CD-ROMs, and Internet home pages for Federal facilities’ remedial managers to use as key references to guide their supervision of the remediation of hazardous waste sites.


Constructed Wetlands: Passive Systems for Wastewater Treatment
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Constructed wetlands are an innovative and inexpensive treatment approach that have the potential to treat organic and inorganic compounds in wastewater from a range of sources. EPA's Technology Innovation Office (TIO) provided a grant through the National Network for Environmental Management Studies (NNEMS) to prepare a technology assessment report on the use of constructed wetlands for applications other than municipal wastewater. This report was prepared by a first year graduate student from Washington State University during the summer of 2001. It has been reproduced to help provide federal agencies, states, consulting engineering firms, private industries, and technology developers with information on the current status of this technology.


Cost Analyses for Selected Groundwater Cleanup Projects: Pump and Treat Systems and Permeable Reactive Barriers
Order EPA 542-R-00-013
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This report presents the results of an analysis, performed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), of costs for groundwater cleanup incurred at 48 sites. The report is based on data in case studies prepared by EPA and other members of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR) and by the Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF).


A Cost Comparison Framework for Use in Optimizing Ground Water Pump and Treat Systems
Order EPA 542-R-07-005
Download (2.0 MB/60pp/PDF)
This fact sheet has been prepared to provide a framework for conducting cost comparisons to evaluate whether or not to pursue potential opportunities from an optimization evaluation for improving, replacing, or supplementing the P&T system. This document presents the following elements that pertain to cost comparisons associated with long-term ground water remedies: applicability of cost comparisons as part of the optimization process, a framework for conducting cost comparisons, and illustrative examples of applying cost comparisons for various scenarios.


Cost and Performance Report for LNAPL Characterization and Remediation: Partition Interwell Tracer Testing (PITT) and Rapid Optical Screening Tool (ROSTTM) Characterization and Evaluation of the Feasibility of Surfactant Enhanced Aquifer Remediation (SEAR) at the Chevron Cincinnati Facility, Hooven, OH
Order EPA 542-R-05-017
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This case study summarizes the characterization studies and technology evaluation of surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) conducted for LNAPL at the Chevron Cincinnati Facility in Hooven, OH. This report summarizes the evaluation of the use of SEAR as a potential innovative and aggressive technology to treat LNAPL at this site.


Cost and Performance Report for LNAPL Recovery: Multi-Phase Extraction and Dual-Pump Recovery of LNAPL at the BP Former Amoco Refinery, Sugar Creek, MO
Order EPA 542-R-05-016
Download (766K/47pp/PDF)
This case study was prepared to summarize the recovery of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) at two locations at the BP Products of North America, Inc. Former Amoco Refinery (former refinery) in Sugar Creek, Missouri. The purpose of this case study was to evaluate the cost and performance of two remediation systems - one innovative (high-vacuum multi-phase extraction) and one comprised of a more traditional approach (dual-pump LNAPL and groundwater recovery).


Cost Effective Design of Pump and Treat Systems
Order EPA 542-R-05-008
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This fact sheet summarizes key aspects to consider for designing cost-effective pump and treat (P&T) systems. Topics include remedy goals and performance monitoring, system design parameters, extraction system considerations, appropriate treatment technologies, discharge options, and system controls.


A Decision-Making Framework for Cleanup of Sites Impacted with Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPL)
Order EPA 542-R-04-011
Download (1.3MB/86pp/PDF)
This document has been prepared by the Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF) NAPL Cleanup Alliance to provide a guide to practicable and reasonable approaches for management of LNAPL petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface. This unique document describes an innovative consensus-based process to develop a long-term vision for a particular site (e.g., an industrial site for the next 100 years with groundwater standards attained in 125 years), while providing a roadmap that calls for specific goals and endpoints to measure progress during each phase of the LNAPL management project. The major benefit of this innovative approach is the establishment of a practicable vision that is consistent with regulatory requirements and can be attained within a realistic timeframe and a reasonable budget, using a phased, stepwise process. The consensus-based process is designed to support the stakeholder group in developing a common, site-specific understanding of what 'realistic timeframes' and 'reasonable budgets' will mean for any particular site.


Directory of Technical Assistance for Land Revitalization
Order EPA 542-B-03-001
Download (2.5MB/129pp/PDF)
This directory includes information about the different types of support available to help with site assessment and cleanup, including technical support and funding sources.

Directory of Technology Support Services to Brownfields Localities
Order EPA 542-B-99-005
Download (502K/28pp/PDF)
This directory provides information about EPA offices, nongovernment organizations funded by EPA, and other federal agencies, that may be able to provide expertise to assist in the selection of technologies to characterize and clean up brownfields properties.

DNAPL Remediation: Selected Projects Approaching Regulatory Closure
Order EPA 542-R-04-016
Download (617K/34pp/PDF)
This paper is a status update on the use of DNAPL source reduction remedial technologies, and provides information about recent projects where regulatory closure has been reached or projects that are approaching regulatory closure, following source reduction. Information is presented about the challenges associated with DNAPL remediation, the types of in situ technologies used, and data and findings concerning the relative effectiveness of field applications of these technologies. Appendix A contains project profiles for eight field applications that illustrate some of the findings presented in this paper.

Ecological Revitalization and Attractive Nuisance Issues
Order EPA 542-F-06-003
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This fact sheet is the third and final in a series of fact sheets related to ecological revitalization on Superfund sites. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages the beneficial reuse of Superfund, Brownfields, and other contaminated sites while protecting human health and the environment. Superfund sites are being cleaned up and restored while integrating natural features such as wetlands, meadows, streams, and ponds to provide habitat for terrestrial and aquatic plants and animals, and for low-impact or passive recreation, such as hiking and bird watching. The potential exposure of wildlife can be a concern when waste or contaminants remain on a site following cleanup (i.e., attractive nuisance), but it need not prevent the ecological revitalization of that site.This fact sheet discusses how to identify, assess, and manage potential attractive nuisance issues during ecological revitalization of Superfund sites and presents case studies that illustrate a variety of attractive nuisance issues and how they were managed.


Effective Contracting Approaches for Operating Pump and Treat Systems
Order EPA 542-R-05-009
Download (288K/22pp/PDF)
This fact sheet summarizes key aspects to consider for contracting to operate pump and treat (P&T) systems. Topics include essential contract components, options for contract type, considerations specific to contracts for operating P&T systems, and incorporation of optimization.


Elements for Effective Management of Operating Pump and Treat Systems
Order EPA 542-R-02-009
Download (447K/22pp/PDF)
This fact sheet summarizes key aspects of effective management for operating pump and treat (P&T) systems based on lessons learned from conducting optimization evaluations at 20 Superfund-financed P&T systems. The lessons learned, however, are relevant to almost any P&T system. Therefore, the document may serve as a resource for managers, contractors, or regulators of any P&T system, whether or not that system is within the Superfund Program. This fact sheet is meant to provide a framework for effective site management, but is not intended to be a detailed instructional manual.


Engineered Approaches to In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications
Order EPA 542-R-00-008
Download (2.4MB/144pp/PDF)
This report provides an overview of in situ bioremediation to remediate chlorinated solvents in contaminated soil and groundwater. It describes degradation mechanisms for chlorinated solvents, enhancements of these mechanisms by the addition of various materials and chemicals, design approaches, and factors to consider when selecting and using the technology. A summary of treatment vendors and nine case studies of field applications are also included.


Engineering Bulletin: Technology Alternatives for the Remediation of Soils Contaminated with As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb.
Order EPA 540/S-97/500
Download (89K/21pp/PDF)
This publication provides remediation managers with information to facilitate the selection of appropriate remedial alternatives for soils contaminated with As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb [August 1997, 19 pages]. This bulletin primarily condenses information included in a more comprehensive Technical Resource Document entitled, Contaminants and Remedial Options at Selected Metal-Contaminated Sites.

Engineering Forum Issue Paper: Soil Vapor Extraction Implementation Experiences.
Order EPA 540-F-95-030
Download (75K/11pp/PDF)
This fact sheet identifies issues and summarizes experiences with soil vapor extraction (SVE) as a remedy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soils. The issues presented here reflect discussions with over 30 Remedial Project Managers (RPMs) and technical experts. This fact sheet has been developed jointly by the the Engineering Forum and Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, with assistance from the Office of Research and Development.


Engineering Forum Issue Paper: Online Hazardous Waste Cleanup Technical Resources
Order EPA 542-F-08-003
Download (564K/12pp/PDF)
This issue paper is intended to give the reader examples of some online technical resources that can assist with hazardous waste cleanups in the Superfund, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and Brownfields programs. Given the dynamics of online resources, this paper provides only a snapshot of the resources available at the time of publication.


Engineering Forum Issue Paper: Thermal Desorption Implementation Issues.
Order EPA 540-F-95-030
Download (117K/8pp/PDF)
This issue paper, produced by the EPA Engineering Forum, identifies issues and summarizes experiences with Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) as a remedy for volatile organic compounds in soils. The issues presented reflect discussions with over 30 project managers and technical experts.


EPA REACH IT
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EPA created the REACH IT System to compile and share information on treatment and characterization technologies for a range of contaminant types and media. Over time, this system was populated with information on over 500 remediation technologies and 260 characterization technologies. With the evolution of on-line search services and engines and the development of a range of other resources on technologies and vendors coupled with resource limitations, EPA discontinued the on-line REACH IT System in 2006. Upon discontinuation of the EPA REACH IT System, a fully searchable database is no longer available. However, limited technology vendor information is preserved through this website in the form of two vendor summary lists. For information on adding, updating, or removing a vendor listing, please contact Jean Balent, balent.jean@epa.gov or 703-603-9924.

Technology Vendors are encouraged to use the CLU-IN Vendor and Developer Support area as a resource for other methods to promote their tools.


EPA's Environmental Technology Verification Program.
Order EPA 600-F-95-005
Download (370K/2pp/PDF)
This brochure, produced by the ORD ETV Program, outlines EPA's 12 technology verification pilot programs.


Evaluation of Permeable Reactive Barrier Performance
Order EPA 542-R-04-004
Download (1.6MB/56pp/PDF)
This report on the performance of permeable reactive barriers (PRB) for groundwater remediation was prepared under the auspices of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable, a collaborative effort among federal agencies involved in hazardous waste site cleanup. Three United States (U.S.) government agencies, the Department of Defense (DoD), Department of Energy (DOE), and United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as well as the Interstate Technologies and Regulatory Council (ITRC) contributed to the report, which is a concise summary of the conclusions and recommendations of the three agencies' individual studies at different sites.


Evaluation of Phytoremediation for Management of Chlorinated Solvents in Soil and Groundwater
Order EPA 542-R-05-001
Download (543K/42pp/PDF)
This document is intended to aid regulators, site owners, consultants, neighbors, and other stakeholders in understanding the proper application of planted systems to remediate groundwater contaminated with halogenated solvents. It assumes a familiarity with environmental and regulatory processes, in general, but little knowledge of plant-based, or 'phytoremediation,' technologies. The document is not intended as regulatory guidance, but as an aid to understanding of the mechanisms of how plants detoxify certain compounds under certain conditions.


Evaluation of Subsurface Engineered Barriers at Waste Sites
Order EPA 542-R-98-005
Download Main Document (1.7MB/148pp/PDF)
Download Volume 2, Appendix B (15.5MB/244pp/PDF)
The purpose of this report is to provide the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) waste programs with a national retrospective analysis of barrier field performance, as well as information that may be useful in developing guidance on the use and evaluation of barrier systems.


Evapotranspiration Landfill Cover Systems Fact Sheet
Order EPA 542-F-03-015
Download (195K/12pp/PDF)
View Alternative Landfill Cover Project ProfilesExit disclaimer
This fact sheet provides a summary on an innovative landfill final cover design called evapotranspiration (ET) covers. The general ET cover concept involves the use of one or more vegetated soil layers to retain water until it is either transpired through vegetation or evaporated from the soil surface. The fact sheet discusses general considerations in their design, performance, monitoring, cost, current status, limitations on their use, and project-specific examples. Final cover systems are used as part of the remediation and final closure for landfills, contaminated areas at or near the ground surface, and other waste disposal sites. As of September 2003, ET covers have been proposed, tested, or installed at 64 sites located throughout the United States, generally from Georgia to Oregon.


Expediting Cleanup Through Contingent Removal Actions.
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This fact sheet provides a concise description of the components and application of contingent removal actions to streamline remediation of recurrent site problems. This document was issued jointly by DOE and EPA.


Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable: Five Years of Cooperation.
Order EPA 542-F-95-007
Download (175K/4pp/PDF)
An overview of the activities of the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable--a working group seeking to build a more collaborative atmosphere among the federal agencies involved in hazardous waste site remediation.


Field Applications of In Situ Remediation Technologies: Chemical Oxidation.
Order EPA 542-R-98-008
Download (116K/37pp/PDF)
Describes recent pilot demonstrations and full-scale applications that either treat soil and ground water in place or increase the solubility and mobility of contaminants to improve their removal by other remediation technologies.

Field Applications of In Situ Remediation Technologies: Ground-Water Circulation Wells.
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