ÿWPC2 `ÏàÏ\Áw«‰¿-±yjT‚™ÐS’ꤧ©x AÛ ð?À4ø¡‚-ðȼÿ‰ã N±Vƒ/Ÿ\?Ék‡r”©FO÷Ó²>JŽé¨²¼[!ÍË}êN8MÀޝšä s~χó¨âsÄ¥]½ ½D„ q6-ZJ…gˆŠ~”œe—+9òIŽw`¡Œ1ù¯Ø¡ LUêha-iÁ2޾ùVÎx± >óz™°ŽVÑ=ø9^´:œ«à[W8Ô]`µÈ³íIï”Ã~уg”B]SF+¾¤Ö“«i‘}?Òû9‚tÎæi¯°ñG$¨t#¼â+ÌÍïYÚáN¾½Ô3_ðŸÄD¦iö]Rƒ÷g<¦Šµì—TÞìÑ6oíFòTF¼Ù‘®¤tóŸb‹¥ è¶—óx½˜óǹüE­ÒÀ<)Ñ‚tÕ}S7ŠïèF~ØNà»åt ‹‚}ëŒõÜ}Ùœb.üÄœÚiyˆ± O;qÎàd9ÇóàžE”Ê5<îã‰tçÍHC튌»ã8]þþõg&6kô¥—‡ÕrYç΋?Љ¸¡\L4Ì©ò7À—w¨E6 ü ”K¨+P4ÄË'>Š­–yŽU©*mªS¦X]žë¦É!. 0¿„ 0ÁC 0  0 ¤ 0 D 0Åä 0© 0ðk U:[ %• E› UF bã 1!ë D+ Æ7 0Oý 0IL AM• éâ 0OË! C"f4"a6" B-*J"U4t" B‰¨"bÅ"ÆÍ" 0C“# AMÖ#l #$f-a‘-Æ¥- 0Jk. AMµ./n®/ 04À1ô1 hô1 hú1w242ˆ ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[2]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ  ÔÔ2ÔA.Ô3  Ô€€Ô  Ôˆ2ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[4]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingà..àÔ2Ôa.Ô3  Ô€€òòóó.€€ˆ ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[6]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôˆ ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[7]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôˆ ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[8]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôˆ ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[3]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ  ÔÔ2Ô1.Ô3  Ô€€òòóóÔ  Ôˆ3ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[5]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingà..àÔ2Ô(1)Ô3  Ô€€òòóó.€€ˆ >ÿÿ6LEVEL 5[1]Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numberingÔ ¸ Ôà@ì..„àÔ  ÔÔ2ÔI.Ô3  Ô.0€€Ô  ÔÓ€Óˆ<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpi X'ô\  `.Times Romancalable)1- ù ÿÿ?‘•©¹ÍåLEVEL 5Using 1-5 levels for paragraph numbering11.11.1.11.1.1.11.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1'ÈÈÈÈdxd‚ Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5('2¿Ñ$££Ý ƒ(¤T!ÝÓ  ÓÝ  Ý(!ÿÿ$““ò òTable€Ú  ÚÚ  Úó óAÿÿ<< bÿÿ ßÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Óà@t..àTABLE€1„1.€€LIST€OF€COMMENTERS€ON€THE€PROPOSED€AMENDMENTSˆÌà@t.. àTO€THE€AEROSPACE€NESHAPˆÌÓ  ÓÔ*ƒ dÔÔ,l< ÔÔ,ÕLl ÔÔ+  ÔÐ '€€€‚l‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÓfæÓÓõèÓItem€No.€InÏDocket€A„92„20Ð € „„ÐCommenter,€affiliation,€and€dateÐ '€€<€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„48Ð € „„ÐKeith,€P.€Gutreuter,€Air€Technologies,€Inc.,€Ottawa,€KS.€€November€6,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„49Ð € „„ÐNancy,€A.€Storoz,€Aviation€Specialist,€Elf€Atochem,€North€America.€€November€25,Ï1996.Ð '€€<€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„50Ð € „„ÐChristian€Sasfai,€Stevens€Aviation,€Peachtree,€GA.€€December€13,€1996.Ð '€€<€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔVI„B„51Ô€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÐ € „„ÐAl€Vatine,€LMS€Technologies,€Inc.,€Edna,€MN.€€December€17,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔVI„B„52Ô€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÐ € „„ÐGlynn€Rountree,€Director€Safety,€Health€and€Environmental€Affairs.€€AerospaceÏIndustries€Association,€Washington,€D.C.€€December€20,€1996.Ð '€€¤€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔVI„B„53Ô€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÐ € „„ÐBenjamin€W.€Shaw,€Senior€Manager,€Air€Toxics€Team€Stationary€SourceÏCompliance,€South€Coast€Air€Quality€Management€District,€Diamond€Bar,€CA.€ÏDecember€20,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔVI„B„54Ô€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÐ € „„ÐJ.€W.€Motter,€Principal€Consultant€and€Owners,€Profit€Builders,€Sylvania,€OH.€ÏDecember24,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔVI„B„55Ô€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÐ € „„ÐDonald€B.€Phillips,€Manager€R&D/Compliance,€Chemco€Manufacturing€Company,ÏInc.,€Northbrok,€IL.€€December€24,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„56Ð € „„ÐM.€M.€Yamada,€Director€Air€Quality€Environmental€Compliance€Northrop€GrumanÏCorporation.,€El€Segundo,€CA.€€December€26,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„57Ð € „„ÐRobert€T.€Johnson,€Manager„„Environmental€Compliance€Delta€air€Lines,€Atlanta,ÏGA,€December€27,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„58Ð € „„ÐJames€S.€Pew,€Project€Attorney,€Natural€Resources€Defense€Council,€Washington,ÏDC.€€December27,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„59Ð € „„ÐMichael€R.€Lake,€Chief,€Engineering€Division,€San€Diego€Air€Pollution€ControlÏDistrict,€San€Diego,€CA.€€December€30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„60Ð € „„ÐHenry€Jordan,€Air€Pollution€Specialist/Private€Citizen,€Sacramento,€CA.€ÏDecember30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„61Ð € „„ÐRichard€K.€Ketler,€Managing€Director€Environmental€Affairs,€Air€TransportÏAssociation,€Washington,€DC.€€December30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„62Ð € „„ÐOlga€M.€Dominguez,€Acting€Director€Environmental€Management€Division,€NationalÏAeronautics€and€Space€Administration,€Washington,€DC.€€December€30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„63Ð € „„ÐPaul€Yaroschak,€Director,€Environmental€Compliance€and€Restoration,€Department€ofÏthe€Navy.€€Washington,€DC.€€December€30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„64Ð € „„ÐDavid€S.€Kircher,€Manager„Engineering€Puget€Sound€Air€Pollution€Control€Agency,ÏSeattle,€WA.€€December€30,€1996.Ð '€€ð€‚L‚ƒ<ƒ„„'ÐVI„B„65Ð € „„ÐMichael€H.€Scheible,€Deputy€Executive€Officer,€California€Environmental€protectionÏAgency,€Sacramento,€CA.€€December€30,€1996.Ð )€€ €‚L‚ƒlƒ„„)ÐVI„B„66Ð € „„ÐStephen€P.€Risotto,€Executive€Director,€Centerfor€Emissions€Control,€Washington,ÏDC.€€December€30,€1996.¿('2¿Ñ$¢¢Ý ƒ(¤T!ÝÓ  ÓÝ  Ý ÿÿÿdTable_A&ÿÿ0 d d'ô\  `TimesRoman d2- ù„ Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(ÿÿ$••ò òÚ  ÚÚ  Úó óAýÿ<< cÿÿ b Ý ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÔ  ÔÔ  Ôà@æ..– àAEROSPACE€SIC€TO€NAICS€CROSS„REFERENCE€TABLEˆÌÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔòòà€Ì)..Ì)àóóˆÌÓ ÿÿXÓÒºXºÒSICàX..XàDefinitionÌòòà€º..ºàóóˆÌ3721àX..XàAircraftÌ3724à0X..XàAircraft€Engines€and€Engine€PartsÌ3728à0X..XàAircraft€Parts€and€Auxiliary€Equipment€NEC€(except€fluidÏpower€aircraft€subassemblies)Ì3728à0X..XàAircraft€Parts€and€Auxiliary€Equipment€NEC€(fluid€powerÏaircraft€subassemblies)Ì3761à0X..XàGuided€Missiles€and€Space€VehiclesÌ3764à0X..XàGuided€Missile€and€Space€Vehicle€Propulsion€Units€andÏPropulsion€Unit€PartsÌ4512à0X..XàAir€Transportation,€Scheduled€(freight)Ì4581à0X..XàAirports,€Flying€Fields,€and€Airport€Terminal€Services€(airplaneÏcleaning€and€janitorial€services)Ì4581à0X..XàAirports,€Flying€Fields,€and€Airport€Terminal€Services€(aircraftÏservicing€and€repairing)Ì4581à0X..XàAirports,€Flying€Fields,€and€Airport€Terminal€ServicesÏ(airfreight€handling€at€airports,€hangar€operations,€airportÏterminal€services,€aircraft€storage,€airports,€and€flying€fields)Ì4581à0X..XàAirports,€Flying€Fields,€and€Airport€Terminal€Services€(privateÏair€traffic€control)ÉNAICSÓ ÿÿXÚÓàÚ..ÚàDefinitionÌòòà€Ì)..Ì)àóóˆÌÌ336411àÚ..ÚàAircraft€ManufacturingÌ336412àÚ..ÚàAircraft€Engine€and€Engine€Parts€ManufacturingÌ336413à0Ú..ÚàOther€Aircraft€Part€and€Auxiliary€EquipmentÏManufacturingÌ332912àÚ..ÚàFluid€Power€Valve€and€Hose€Fitting€ManufacturingÌ336414à0Ú..ÚàGuided€Missile€and€Space€Vehicle€ManufacturingÌ336415à0Ú..ÚàGuided€Missile€and€Space€Vehicle€Propulsion€Unit€andÏPropulsion€Unit€Parts€ManufacturingÌ481112à0Ú..ÚàScheduled€Freight€Air€TransportationÌ481111à0Ú..ÚàScheduled€Passenger€Air€TransportationÌ56172à0Ú..ÚàJanitorial€ServicesÌ48819à0Ú..ÚàOther€Support€Activities€for€Air€TransportationÌ488119à0Ú..ÚàOther€Airport€OperationsÌ488111à0Ú..ÚàAir€Traffic€ControlÒÒòòà€Ì)..Ì)àóóˆTable_B Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5("ÿÿ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  ÚÚ  Úó ó#$A<< cÿÿ3|x«<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpiXÛxþ6X@ÉüKX@'ô\  `.Times Romancalable)` \¼ô\  PŽÂC` P'ô\  `TimesRomane)ô¾]ô\  PŽÂCôP'ô\  `TimesRomane)Xoô\  PŽÂCXP( ¤T$¡¡Ó  Ó!;Ce$*Ý ƒ(¤T!ÝÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÑ„°ÑÌÔ` ` °xÈÔà@ÌÌìàNational€Emission€Standards€for€Hazardous€Air€PollutantsˆÌà@dd ìà(NESHAP)€for€the€Aerospace€Manufacturing€and€Rework€Industry€„ˆÌà@¬¬ìàBackground€Information€for€Promulgated€StandardsˆÌÌÔhh¸ € ÐÔà@  &ìàADDENDUMˆÌÔppÀ0€ Ôà@$ìàJanuary€1998ˆÌÌÌÔ(#(#xÈÔß?€ ' °(#ðxdE°'#ðx?ßÐ (#x  ÐÌÔ€ ` VæXX XÔÔ€ ` <ß` X ` VæÔà@ââ ìàN€€€E€€€S€€€H€€€A€€€PˆÐ ß$/  Ðß?€ ' °!(ðxdE°ž(ðx?ßÐ  Ÿ(ï#  ÐÔ€XXXÔÔO€ <þ6X9`("Courier 10cpiOÔÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà@ì..ÌàNational€Emission€Standards€For€Hazardous€Air€PollutantsˆÌà@ì..dà(NESHAP)€for€the€Aerospace€Manufacturing€and€Rework€Industry€„ˆÌà@ì..¬àBackground€Information€for€Promulgated€StandardsˆÌÌÌÌà@ì.. àADDENDUMˆÌÌÌÌà@ì..˜ àEmission€Standards€DivisionˆÌÌÌÔ (# Ôà@ì..| àU.S.€ENVIRONMENTAL€PROTECTION€AGENCYˆÌà@ì..˜ àOffice€of€Air€and€RadiationˆÌà@ì..œ àOffice€of€Air€Quality€Planning€and€StandardsˆÌà@ì..` àResearch€Triangle€Park,€North€Carolina€€27711ˆÌÌÌÔ 0* Ôà@ì..àJanuary€1998ˆÌÇÙ  ÙØØÑ#€  Xd#Ñà@ì..¨ àENVIRONMENTAL€PROTECTION€AGENCYˆÌÌà@ì..dàNational€Emission€Standards€for€Hazardous€Air€Pollutants€from€ˆÌà@ì..4àthe€Aerospace€Manufacturing€and€Rework€Industry€„„ˆÌà@ì..¬àBackground€Information€for€Promulgated€StandardsˆÌÌà@ì..àPrepared€by:ˆÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó€€€€€€_____________ÌBruce€C.€Jordan€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(Date)ÌDirector,€Emission€Standards€DivisionÌU.S.€Environmental€Protection€AgencyÌResearch€Triangle€Park,€NC€€27711ÌÌ1.à0..àThe€final€National€Emission€Standards€for€Hazardous€AirÏPollutants€(NESHAP)€will€regulate€emissions€of€hazardous€airÏpollutants€from€cleaning€operations;€primer,€topcoat,€andÏchemical€milling€maskant€application€operations;€depaintingÏoperations;€and€handling€and€storage€of€waste€at€aerospaceÏmanufacturing€and€rework€facilities.€€Only€those€operationsÏthat€are€part€of€major€sources€under€section€112(d)€of€theÏClean€Air€Act€as€amended€in€1990€will€be€regulated.ÌÌ2.à0..àCopies€of€this€document€have€been€sent€to€the€followingÏFederal€Departments:€€Labor,€Health€and€Human€Services,ÏDefense,€Transportation,€Agriculture,€Commerce,€Interior,Ïand€Energy;€the€National€Science€Foundation;€and€the€CouncilÏon€Environmental€Quality;€members€of€the€State€andÏTerritorial€Air€Pollution€Program€Administrators;€theÏAssociation€of€Local€Air€Pollution€Control€Officials;€EPAÏRegional€Administrators;€and€other€interested€parties.ÌÌ3.à0..àFor€additional€information€contact:ÌÌà..àMs.€Barbara€DriscollÌà..àPolicy€Planning€and€Standards€Group€(MD„13)Ìà..àU.S.€Environmental€Protection€AgencyÌà..àResearch€Triangle€Park,€NC€€27711Ìà..àTelephone:€€(919)€541„0164ÌÌ4.à..àPaper€copies€of€this€document€may€be€obtained€from:ÌÌà..àNational€Technical€Information€Service€(NTIS)Ìà..à5285€Port€Royal€RoadÌà..àSpringfield,€VA€€22161Ìà..àTelephone:€€(703)€487„4650ÌÌà..àU.S.€EPA€Library€Services€Office€(MD„35)Ìà..àU.S.€Environmental€Protection€AgencyÌà..àResearch€Triangle€Park,€N.C.€277111Ç5.à0..àElectronic€copies€of€this€document€may€be€obtained€from€theÏEPA€Technology€Transfer€Network€(TTN).€€The€TTN€is€anÏelectronic€bulletin€board€system€which€is€free,€except€forÏthe€normal€long€distance€charges.€€To€access€the€aerospaceÏBID:ÌÌà0..àððÓ°X°pÓà0p..pàSet€software€to€data€bits:€€8,€N;€stop€bits:€€1Ìà0..àððà0p..pàUse€access€number€(919)€541„5742€for€1200,€2400,€or€9600Ïbps€modems€[access€problems€should€be€directed€to€theÏsystem€operator€at€(919)€541„5384].Ìà0..àððà0p..pàSpecify€TTN€Bulletin€Board:€€Clean€Air€Act€AmendmentsÌà0..àððà0p..pàSelect€menu€item:€€Recently€Signed€RulesÌÓ8.°°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#8ÓÇÑ  Ñà@ì..ðàTABLE€OF€CONTENTSˆÌÌà€(#..H!àòòPageóóˆÌÓ ÿÿ€X ÓÌ1.0à€..€àSUMMARYà“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à1-1ˆÌÌ2.0à€..€àCOMMENTS€à“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à2-1ˆÌà€..€à2.1Ó ÿÿ€Ø X ÓàØ ..Ø àREGULATORY€TEXT/CITED€REFERENCESà“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à2-1ˆÌà€..€à2.2àØ ..Ø àTYPOGRAPHICAL€ERRORSà“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à2-2ˆÌà€..€à2.3àØ ..Ø àDEFINITIONS€(NONSPECIALTY€COATINGS)à“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à2-3ˆÌà€..€à2.4àØ ..Ø àDEPAINTING/CHEMICAL€STRIPPINGà“X ..X àˆà€(#..À!à2-7ˆÌà€..€à2.5àØ ..Ø àMISCELLANEOUS€NESHAP€ISSUESà“X ..X àˆà€(#..H!à2-15ˆÌà€..€à2.6àØ ..Ø àNOT€RELEVANT€TO€PROPOSED€AMENDMENTSà“X ..X àˆà€(#..H!à2-24ˆÌà€..€à2.7àØ ..Ø àSPECIALTY€COATING€DEFINITIONSà“X ..X àˆà€(#..H!à2-42ˆÌà€..€à2.8àØ ..Ø àCTG€ISSUESà“X ..X àˆà€(#..H!à2-43ˆÌà€..€à2.9àØ ..Ø àMETHOD€319à“X ..X àˆà€(#..H!à2-46ˆÌÌÇÑ ° ÑÑ „ ÑÑ € ÑÙ  ÙØØÑ#€  Xd#ÑÓS€   1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþSÓÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ ¸ Ôà@ì..àÔ  ÔÔ2Ô1Ô3  Ô.0€€Ý  ÝSUMMARYÌÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÌà..àOn€September€1,€1995,€the€U.€S.€Environmental€ProtectionÏAgency€(EPA)€promulgated€national€emission€standards€forÏhazardous€air€pollutant€(HAP)€emissions€from€major€sources€in€theÏaerospace€industry€(60€FR€45948).€€These€final€standardsÏimplemented€section112(d)€of€the€Clean€Air€Act€as€amended€inÏ1990€(the€Act).€€On€October€29,€1996,€the€EPA€proposed€amendmentsÏto€the€final€rule€and€release€of€a€draft€control€techniquesÏguideline€(CTG)€document€(61€FR€55842).€€There€were€18commentÏletters€(see€Table1-1)€submitted€by€19different€commenters,Ïwhich€consisted€primarily€of€trade€associations,€componentÏsuppliers€and€State€and€local€air€pollution€control€agencies.€€InÏaddition,€comments€were€received€from€one€general€aviationÏfacility,€private€environmental€organizations,€and€U.S.ÏGovernment€agencies.€€Summarizes€of€the€comments,€and€the€EPA'sÏresponses,€are€presented€in€this€document.€€This€comment€summaryÏand€the€Agency's€responses€served€as€the€basis€for€the€revisionsÏ(amendments)€made€to€the€final€NESHAP.€€This€document€is€anÏaddendum€to€VolumeII€of€"National€Emission€Standard€forÏHazardous€Air€Pollutants€(NESHAP)€for€the€AerospaceÏIndustry-Background€Information€for€Promulgated€Standards,"ÏJuly1995,€EPA€Document€No.EPA/R-97-003b€(DocketA-92-20,ÏitemIII-B-1).€€This€report€also€includes€a€discussion€of€theÏchanges€made€to€the€draft€CTG€in€finalizing€the€CTG€document.Ìà..àThe€proposed€amendments€requested€comment€regardingÏcorrections€to€several€references€in€the€rule;€revisions€andÏadditions€to€definitions;€clarification€of€the€applicability€ofÏthe€cleaning€operations€standards;€clarification€of€theÏapplicability€of€the€rule€to€space€vehicles;€addition€of€standards€for€TypeI€chemical€milling€maskants;€revision€ofÏstandards€for€new€and€existing€sources€using€dry€particulateÏfilters€to€control€emissions€from€topcoat€and€primer€applicationÏand€depainting€operations;€addition€of€a€test€method€forÏdetermining€the€filtration€efficiency€of€dry€particulate€filters;Ïaddition€of€an€exemption€for€certain€water„reducible€coatings;Ïaddition€of€an€essential€use€exemption€for€cleaning€solvents;Ïclarification€of€compliance€dates;€clarification€of€theÏapplicability€of€new€source€MACT€to€spray€booth€standards;Ïclarification€of€the€requirements€for€new€and€existing€primer€andÏtopcoat€application€operations;€clarification€of€monitoringÏrequirements€for€dry€particulate€filter€usage;€addition€ofÏAppendixA€to€this€subpart€containing€definitions€for€specialtyÏcoatings,€and€addition€of€a€cross€reference€to€requirements€inÏthe€General€Provisions€in€SubpartA€of€part63.€€The€EPAÏannounced€in€the€same€òòFederal€Registeróó€notice€the€availability€ofÏa€draft€CTG€document€for€control€of€volatile€organic€compoundÏ(VOC)€emissions€from€aerospace€manufacturing€and€reworkÏfacilities€for€public€review€and€comment.€€This€document€wasÏprepared€to€assist€States€in€analyzing€and€determining€reasonablyÏavailable€control€technology€(RACT)€for€stationary€sources€of€VOCÏemissions€located€within€ozone€national€ambient€air€qualityÏstandard€nonattainment€areas.Çßf€UEAz|  xÌ) p€ €@ PÈÈÈÈ@fßÇÑ ° ÑÑ „ ÑÑ € ÑÙ  ÙØØÑ#€  Xd#ÑÓS€   1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 þSÓØØÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ ¸ Ôà@ì..¤àÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2Ô3  Ô.0€€Ý  ÝCOMMENTS€ÌÌÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.1Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝREGULATORY€TEXT/CITED€REFERENCESÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Three€commenters€(VI-B-52,€VI-B-61,€and€VI-B-57)Ïstated€that€ðð63.743(d)(1)€needs€to€be€modified€(reworded)€toÏmake€the€first€sentence€a€complete€sentence€as€follows:Ì"òòThe€owner€or€operator€mayóó€...".Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenters€and€hasÏadded€introductory€language€to€ðð63.743(d)(1)€in€the€finalÏamendments.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€noted€that€ðð63.741(f)€lists€theÏspecific€exemptions€from€coverage€by€this€rule,€but€does€notÏmention€exemptions€listed€in€the€various€definitions.€€TheÏcommenter€stated€that€to€be€complete,€the€exemptions€in€ðð63.742Ï(definitions)€should€be€included€in€the€language€used€inÏðð63.741.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter.€€TheÏamended€rule€contains€the€suggested€language.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€stated€that€Table€1.„„Summary€ofÏSubpart€GG€of€40€CFR€Part€63,€references€a€Table€3€under€theÏ"Description"€of€"Affected€source".€€The€commenter€noted€that€theÏcorrect€reference€should€be€to€Table€1€to€subpart€GG„„GeneralÏProvisions€Applicability€to€Subpart€GG.Ìà..àThe€commenter€also€stated€that€the€citation€to€63.743(a)€isÏconfusing€and€suggested€that€the€citation€be€eliminated.Ìà..àThe€commenter€also€stated€that€the€same€Table€1€refers€toÏTable€4€under€"Cleaning€Operations"€as€providing€exemptions€fromÏcertain€housekeeping€requirements.€€The€commenter€noted€that€theÏcorrect€reference€should€be€ðð63.744,€Table€1.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€has€revisedÏTable1.€Summary€of€Subpart€GG€of€40€CFR€Part€63€to€reflect€theÏappropriate€changes.€€Since€this€table€was€included€as€part€ofÏthe€preamble€when€the€final€rule€was€published€in€the€òòFederalÏRegisteróó,€it€will€be€corrected€and€made€available€on€the€TTN.Ìà..à(The€EPA€has€also€prepared€an€informational€brochureÏsummarizing€the€aerospace€NESHAP€requirements€which€will€also€beÏmade€available€via€the€TTN.)Ì€à..àòòCommentóó:€Commenter€VI-B-61€suggested€clarification€to€tableÏreferences.€€The€EPA€needs€to€revise€the€table€numbering€sequenceÏin€the€rule.€€Most€of€the€tables€will€be€referenced€often€inÏcompliance€reports€and€Title€V€operating€permits€andÏapplications.€€It€would€be€much€less€confusing€to€have€only€oneÏTable€1€in€the€entire€rule,€instead€of€designating€the€firstÏtable€in€each€section€as€Table€1.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€has€prepared€the€amendments€to€theÏfinal€rule€following€guidelines€governing€the€publication€ofÏregulations€in€the€òòFederal€Registeróó.€€These€guidelines€specifyÏthe€numbering€format€of€tables€and€figures€in€regulations.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-64€recommended€adding€someÏdescriptive€language€to€table€headings€for€filter€efficiencyÏrequirements.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€thatÏdescriptive€headings€aid€in€the€clarity€of€the€filter€efficiencyÏrequirements.€€The€amended€regulation€contains€these€descriptiveÏheadings€for€each€of€the€four€tables€added€to€ðð63.745.€€ÌÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.2Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝTYPOGRAPHICAL€ERRORSÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Several€commenters€noted€typographical€errors€inÏthe€proposed€amendments€and€in€the€final€rule.€€These€commentsÏare€as€follows:Ìà..àFour€commenters€(VI-B-52,€VI-B-57,€VI-B-61€and€VI-B-63)Ïnoted€that€ðð63.751(c)(2)€has€a€typographical€error.€€It€shouldÏread€"...€system€and€read€anòòdóó€record€the€water€...".Ìà..àTwo€commenters€(VI-B-61€and€VI-B-57)€noted€the€followingÏtypographical€corrections:Ìà..àà` ..` àðð63.746(b)(3)€„„„„„€delete€the€word€material(s)Ìà..àà` ..` àðð63.744(b)(1)€„„„„„€change€reference€to€Table€1€€€€€€€€Ï€€€€€€à` ..` àðð63.750(g)(5)€„„„„„€change€to€63òò.óó747Ìà..àà` ..` àðð63.750(g)(9)(i)€„„„„„€change€reference€"(g)(2)€orÏ(3)"€to€"(g)(2)€or€(4)"ÌÔ  Ôà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenters€on€all€ofÏthese€typographical€errors€except€for€the€missing€decimalÏ(63òò.óó747)€in€ðð€63.750(g)(5)€which€could€not€be€found€in€the€finalÏrule€text€published€in€the€òòFederal€Registeróó.€€However,€theÏtypographical€error€was€found€on€the€TTN€version.€€The€amendedÏrule€contains€the€corrected€text€for€all€of€the€notedÏtypographical€errors.€ÌÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.3Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝDEFINITIONS€(NONSPECIALTY€COATINGS)Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(IV„B„52€and€VI„B„63)€commented€onÏthe€proposed€definition€of€antique€aerospace€vehicle€orÏcomponent.€€Commenter€VI-B-52€suggested€revising€the€definitionÏas€follows:€€means€an€aircraft€or€component€thereof€as€defined€byÏ14CFR€part€45,€or€those€nonflight€worthy€aircraft€intended€forÏpermanent€display,€or€used€for€static€manufacturing€technologyÏdemonstrations.€€Commenter€VI-B-63€indicated€that€the€definitionÏof€ð ðantique€aircraft"€in€14€CFR€45.22€does€not€include€nonflightÏworthy€aircraft€displayed€at€many€aircraft€museums,€militaryÏsquadrons,€and€manufacturing€facilities.€€Therefore,€theÏcommenter€supports€the€definition€in€the€amendments.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€believes€that€the€passage€to€whichÏcommenterIV-B-63€refers€actually€concerns€"exhibition"€ratherÏthan€"antique"€aircraft.€€It€was€not€EPA's€intent€to€add€anÏexemption€for€exhibition€aircraft€that€do€not€meet€the€"antiqueÏaircraft"€definition.€€In€addition,€EPA€believes€that€it€is€notÏnecessary€to€expand€the€scope€of€the€"antique€aircraft"Ïdefinition,€but€the€Agency€has€clarified€the€definition€asÏincluding€aircraft€built€at€least€30years€ago€that€are€notÏcurrently€flightworthy.€€Therefore,€EPA€is€promulgating€theÏfollowing€slightly€modified€(i.e.,€clarified)€definition€ofÏantique€aircraft:€€ÌÓÓà8..àò òAntique€aerospace€vehicle€or€componentó ó€means€anÏaircraft€or€component€thereof€that€was€built€at€least€30years€ago.€€An€antique€aerospace€vehicle€would€notÏroutinely€be€in€commercial€or€military€service€in€theÏcapacity€for€which€it€was€designed.ÌÌÓÓà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€stated€that€in€the€definition€ofÏcleaning€solvent,€the€parenthetical€reference€to€water€or€acetoneÏis€confusing€and€should€be€deleted.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€suggested€change€andÏhas€removed€the€parenthetical€statement€in€the€amended€rule.€Ïà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€noted€that€in€the€definition€ofÏchemical€milling€maskant,€listed€examples€should€be€madeÏidentical€to€the€listed€names€for€these€maskants€found€inÏappendix€A€to€subpart€GG.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter.€€TheÏamended€rule€contains€this€language.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€the€Agency€shouldÏrevise€the€definition€of€"aerospace€facility"€to€reflect€what€theÏcommenter€stated€as€their€interpretation€of€what€CongressÏintended€for€MACT€to€only€apply€to€the€confines€of€the€set€ofÏactivities€that€make€up€the€MACT€category,€not€at€those€sourcesÏthat€were€"major"€through€an€accumulation€of€unrelated€emissions.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€believes€that€this€comment€wasÏappropriately€addressed€in€the€response€to€comments€for€theÏpromulgated€NESHAP€and€refers€the€commenter€to€section3.1€of€theÏNational€Emission€Standard€for€Hazardous€Air€Pollutants€for€theÏAerospace€Manufacturing€and€Rework€Industry„BackgroundÏInformation€for€Promulgated€Standards,€July€1995,€(DocumentÏNo.EPA/R-97-003b)€which€contains€the€comment€summary€for€theÏpromulgated€rule.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€the€definition€forÏchemical€milling€maskant€should€exempt€chemical€milling€maskantsÏused€for€two€different€types€of€chemical€milling€applications.€ÏThe€commenter€recommended€deleting€the€wording€that€limits€theÏexemption€to€an€individual€part€or€subassembly:€"ò ò...must€be€usedÏon€an€individual€part€or€subassembly€with...ó ó"Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€did€not€find€any€reference€to€this€issueÏwhen€maskants€were€discussed€in€the€section€114€responses€orÏduring€any€of€the€roundtable€meetings.€€However,€the€EPA€did€notÏintend€to€create€an€extra€burden€for€existing€plating€shops€usingÏthe€same€maskant€tanks€for€two€different€types€of€chemicalÏmilling€applications.€€The€proposed€definition€and€associatedÏmaskant€limits€would€require€the€addition€of€a€new€maskant€tankÏto€meet€the€low€VOC€maskant€limit€and€another€tank€to€meet€theÏcritical€use€applications.€€This€may€result€in€an€increase€inÏemissions€since€the€surface€area€of€the€maskant€in€the€tanksÏwould€double.€€The€EPA€agreed€that€the€commenter's€changes€areÏreasonable€because€the€purpose€of€the€NESHAP€is€to€reduce€HAPÏemissions.€€The€final€rule€amendments€have€incorporated€thisÏchange€to€the€definition€of€chemical€milling€maskant.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€suggested€changing€the€flushÏcleaning€definition€in€ðð63.742€by€adding€"Cleaning€operations€inÏa€tank€or€vat€subject€to€other€NESHAP€are€not€included."€€TankÏcleaning€operations€are€covered€in€other€NESHAP€such€as€theÏHalogenated€Solvent€Cleaning€NESHAP€and€should€be€specificallyÏexcluded€from€the€aerospace€NESHAP.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€reviewed€the€definitions€and€requirementsÏassociated€with€the€Halogenated€Solvent€Cleaning€(vaporÏdegreasing)€NESHAP€(59€FR€61801,€December€2,€1994).€€Based€onÏthis€review€and€discussions€with€project€work€assignment€manager,Ïthere€is€little€chance€of€any€overlap€with€the€aerospace€flushÏcleaning€definition€or€requirements.€€No€changes€were€made€to€theÏdefinition€of€"flush€cleaning."Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€suggested€changing€theÏdefinition€of€"self„priming€topcoat"€by€removing€the€lastÏsentence€which€currently€reads:€€"ò òThe€coating€is€not€subsequentlyÏtopcoated€with€any€other€product€formulation.ó ó"€€The€commenterÏdescribed€two€scenarios€where€the€application€of€such€coatingsÏwould€not€fit€the€definition.€€The€commenter€further€stated€thatÏself„priming€topcoats€should€be€recognized€as€topcoats€and€theÏtopcoat€VOC/HAP€limits€should€apply,€not€the€primer€limits.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Self„priming€topcoats€are€recognized€as€a€type€ofÏtopcoat€with€a€VOC/HAP€limit€of€420€g/L€„„€same€as€the€limit€forÏtopcoats€in€the€NESHAP€and€CTG.€€The€Agency€does€not€agree€thatÏthe€described€scenarios€are€likely€to€present€any€problems€forÏfacility€owners€and/or€operators€or€enforcement€personnel€toÏdetermine€the€appropriate€coating€category€and€applicable€limit.€ÏHowever,€the€Agency€does€agree€that€removing€the€suggestedÏwording€will€clarify€the€definition€of€self„priming€topcoat€andÏmake€it€more€consistent€with€the€definition€of€topcoat.€ÏFurthermore,€since€the€limit€for€topcoats€is€identical€to€theÏlimit€for€self„priming€topcoats,€there€is€no€impact€to€the€userÏor€the€environment.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€the€definition€ofÏ"spot€stripping"€relies€upon€the€term€"technical€feasibility"Ïwhich€is€vague€and€must€be€assessed€on€a€case„by„case€basis.€€TheÏcommenter€added€that€the€U.S.€Department€of€Defense€has€rewrittenÏthe€definition€to€avoid€the€need€to€rely€on€this€elusive€concept.€ÏThis€definition€allows€the€50€gallons€for€military€aircraft€to€beÏused€where€required€and€avoid€the€murkiness€of€the€technicalÏfeasibility€definition€approach€when€applied€to€spot€stripping."Ìà0..à"òòSpot€strippingóó€means€the€depainting€of€an€area€where€it€isÏnot€technically€feasible€to€use€a€nonchemical€depaintingÏtechnique€òòon€an€aerospace€vehicle€subject€to€a€limit€ofÏ26gallons€of€chemical€stripper€for€commercial€aircraft€andÏ50gallons€for€military€aircraft€based€on€the€number€ofÏvehicles€serviced€per€yearóó."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€disagrees€with€the€commenter€that€theÏdefinition€of€ð ðspot€strippingðð€is€unnecessarily€vague.€€TheÏAgency€believes€that€the€inclusion€of€the€application€limits€inÏthe€definition€does€not€add€clarity€to€the€regulation€but€wouldÏrequire€the€regulated€community€to€search€in€multiple€locationsÏfor€the€limits€found€in€these€standards.€€The€Agency€elects€toÏmaintain€the€existing€definition€of€ð ðspot€strippingðð€contained€inÏthe€final€rule.€€ÌÔ  ÔÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.4Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝDEPAINTING/CHEMICAL€STRIPPINGÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-50€questioned€if€an€entire€aircraftÏcould€be€stripped€with€methylene€chloride€if€the€spot€strippingÏlimits€are€not€exceeded.€€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€By€definition€in€the€final€aerospace€NESHAP,€spotÏstripping€means€the€depainting€of€an€area€where€it€is€notÏtechnically€feasible€to€use€a€nonchemical€depainting€technique.€ÏDepainting€information€provided€by€all€segments€of€the€aerospaceÏindustry€has€shown€that€this€typically€only€occurs€on€a€few€areasÏ(e.g.,€edges€or€recessed€areas)€of€each€airplane.€Those€areas€canÏthen€be€stripped€with€methylene€chloride€or€any€other€stripperÏ(up€to€the€allowable€annual€limit€per€airplane).€€Therefore,Ïthere€are€no€currently€known€situations€where€the€entire€aircraftÏcould€be€stripped€with€methylene€chloride€(or€any€other€HAP„¼containing€chemical€stripper)€at€a€facility€subject€to€theÏaerospace€NESHAP€without€violating€the€NESHAP€requirements.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-50€requested€clarification€betweenÏspot€stripping€and€depainting€operations.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€By€definition€in€the€final€aerospace€NESHAP:€Ï"depainting"€means€the€removal€of€a€permanent€coating€from€theÏouter€surface€of€an€aerospace€vehicle€or€component,€whether€byÏchemical€or€nonchemical€means.€€For€nonchemical€means,€thisÏdefinition€excludes€hand€and€mechanical€sanding,€and€any€otherÏnonchemical€removal€processes€that€do€not€involve€blast€media€orÏother€mechanisms€that€would€result€in€airborne€particle€movementÏat€high€velocity;€and€"spot"€stripping€means€the€depainting€of€anÏarea€where€it€is€not€technically€feasible€to€use€a€nonchemicalÏdepainting€technique.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-50€questioned€if€regulationsÏpromulgated€by€the€U.S.€Federal€Aviation€Administration€(FAA)Ïwould€take€precedence€over€the€aerospace€NESHAP.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€and€FAA€both€recognize€that€there€is€aÏpotential€for€conflict€involving€regulations€concerning€the€useÏof€HAP„containing€chemical€strippers.€€Many€of€the€aircraftÏmanufacturers€have€made€the€necessary€revisions€to€theirÏmaintenance€manuals€to€allow€non„HAP€materials€to€be€used€forÏdepainting€(chemical€strippers).€€Once€the€necessary€informationÏregarding€alternate/compliant€chemical€strippers€is€approved€andÏdistributed€to€the€regulated€community€via€revised/updatedÏmaintenance€manuals€and/or€advisory€circulars,€the€potentialÏconflict€will€be€eliminated.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Five€commenters€(VI-B-52,€VI„B„57,€VI-B-58,ÏVI-B-63€and€VI-B-66)€raised€issues€related€to€the€spot€strippingÏand€decal€removal€allowance.€Two€commenters€(VI-B-52€and€VI-B-57)Ïnoted€that€after€a€preliminary€review€of€chemical€strippers€usedÏby€the€industry,€it€was€determined€that€at€least€7€out€of€10Ïqualified€strippers€used€by€the€industry€have€densities€higherÏthan€the€density€apparently€used€by€EPA€to€arrive€at€the€proposedÏ190€and€365€pounds.€€Methylene€chloride,€which€(the€commenterÏunderstood)€EPA€was€intending€to€allow€for€use€in€spot€strippingÏand€decal€removal,€also€has€a€higher€density.€€Therefore,€theÏproposed€190/†365€pounds€is€more€restrictive€than€the€originalÏ26/50gallons€previously€allowed€in€the€final€rule.€€TheÏcommenter€does€not€believe€the€proposed€change€will€provide€moreÏflexibility€as€stated€in€the€preamble.Ìòòà..àóóCommenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€the€proposed€change€inÏðð63.746(b)(3)€of€the€amendments€potentially€reduces€the€amountÏof€stripper€allowed€to€be€used€per€military€aircraft€per€year.€€The€final€rule€allowed€for€the€use€of€50€gallons€of€organic€HAPÏcontaining€stripper€per€military€aircraft€depainted€per€year.€ÏThe€proposed€limit€allows€for€only€365€pounds€of€organic€HAPÏmaterial€per€military€aircraft€depainted€per€year.€€One€stripperÏused€for€depainting€has€a€specific€gravity€of€1.19€and€an€organicÏHAP€content€of€84percent.€€For€50€gallons€of€stripper,€thisÏcalculates€to€417€pounds€of€HAP€material.€€Different€types€ofÏstrippers€are€used€for€different€applications,€based€on€the€typeÏof€coating€which€is€being€removed.€€The€various€types€ofÏstrippers€have€different€percentages€of€HAP€constituents.€ÏAllowances€need€to€be€made€for€the€use€of€the€appropriateÏstripper€for€the€job.€€The€commenter€prefers€the€50€gallons€limitÏversus€the€limit€expressed€in€pounds.€€If€the€limit€is€expressedÏin€pounds,€then€it€should€be€420€pounds€(based€on€specificÏgravity€calculations).Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-52€stated€that€based€on€the€discussion€in€theÏBID€(July€1995)€regarding€facilities€using€26/50€gallons€of€HAP„¼containing€stripper€per€aircraft,€there€is€some€confusion€overÏthe€NESHAP€language€and€the€terms€of€the€exemption€„„€volume€ofÏorganic€HAP„containing€chemical€strippers€òòper€aircraftóó€and€notÏper€facility.Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-57€stated€that€the€proposed€amendments€do€notÏmake€it€clear€that€the€mass€limit€on€HAP€containing€chemicalÏstripping€agents€is€based€on€the€amount€of€HAP,€not€HAP„¼containing€compounds.€€It€would€be€clearer€if€the€wordÏ"material(s)"€is€removed€from€each€weight€limit.Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-58€stated€that€the€decal€removal€exemptionÏfor€commercial€aircraft€of€26€gpy€is€based€on€the€amount€ofÏstripper€required€for€the€spot€stripping€and€decal€removing€onÏthe€largest€commercial€aircraft.€€The€same€exemption€is€availableÏfor€depainting€general€aviation€aircraft€which€are,€at€most,€halfÏthe€size€of€a€commercial€aircraft.€€Therefore,€even€the€existingÏregulation€allows€facilities€to€use€approximately€twice€theÏamount€of€stripper€needed€to€spot€strip€and€remove€decals€fromÏgeneral€aviation€aircraft.Ìà..àThis€commenter€stated€that€the€proposed€revisions€to€thisÏrule€would€expand€this€exemption€considerably.€€Three€strippersÏcurrently€used€in€industry€contain€178,€167,€and€123€pounds€ofÏHAP€per€26€gallons€of€stripper€respectively,€12€to€67€pounds€òòlessóóÏthan€the€190€pounds€proposed€by€EPA.€€Assuming€that€13,000Ïgeneral€aviation€aircraft€are€depainted€each€year,€an€increase€inÏmethylene€chloride€emissions€of€12€to€67€pounds€per€aircraftÏwould€result€in€a€total€yearly€increase€in€methylene€chlorideÏemissions€between€156,000€pounds€and€871,000€pounds.€€TheÏcommenter€encouraged€EPA€to€abandon€the€proposed€revision€to€theÏdepainting€exemption.€€However,€if€EPA€does€revise€the€depaintingÏexemption,€it€should€reduce€the€allowance€for€general€aviationÏaircraft€depainting€operations€to€the€"lowest€amount€necessary".Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-66€stated€that€the€proposed€amendments€wouldÏrevise€the€limits€for€use€of€materials€containing€HAP€for€spotÏstripping€and€decal€removal€from€gallons€of€stripper€per€aircraftÏto€pounds€of€HAP.€€The€commenter€agrees€that€this€change€willÏprovide€greater€flexibility€to€owners€and€operators€in€selecting€materials€for€difficult€stripping€operations.€€The€commenterÏfurther€believes€that€this€change€will€promote€innovation€in€theÏdevelopment€of€effective€stripping€formulations.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Various€commenters€have€presented€their€views€onÏthis€proposed€change€in€different€ways,€depending€on€theirÏperspective€and€interests.€€The€depainting€requirements€are€to€beÏmet€facility€wide€and€the€spot€stripping€allowance€is€an€annualÏaverage€(per€aircraft)€limit€the€facility€must€also€comply€with.€€ÏWith€regards€to€the€emission€estimates€provided€by€commenterÏVI-B-58,€the€EPA€does€not€believe€many€(e.g.,€less€thanÏ10percent)€general€aviation€aircraft€are€reworked/depainted€atÏmajor€source€facilities€subject€to€the€NESHAP€requirements.€€Ó€ÓTheÏpromulgated€standard€included€the€spot€stripping€and€decalÏremoval€allowance€using€terms€of€volume€(gallons)€of€organic€HAP„¼containing€chemical€strippers.€€The€proposed€allowance€was€meantÏto€be€equivalent€in€terms€of€actual€HAP€emissions€to€theÏatmosphere€and€was€based€on€assumptions€documented€in€the€BIDÏand/or€the€docket€concerning€average€or€typical€HAP€contents€andÏdensities€of€chemical€strippers€being€used€by€the€aerospaceÏindustry.€€The€proposed€limits€also€provide€greater€flexibilityÏto€the€owner€or€operator€of€a€new€or€existing€depaintingÏoperation€in€selecting€materials€to€perform€spot€stripping€andÏdecal€removal.Ìà..àBased€on€the€submitted€comments€and€the€technical€argumentsÏboth€for€and€against€the€different€units€for€the€spot€strippingÏand€decal€removal€allowance,€the€EPA€decided€to€include€bothÏtypes€of€units€and€allow€sources€to€decide€which€units€they€wantÏto€use€and€document€their€decision€in€their€initial€notificationÏand/or€operating€permit€application.€€The€EPA€agrees€with€theÏcommenter€raising€the€issue/confusion€involving€the€termÏ"material(s)"€and€has€deleted€it€in€the€final€amendment€text.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-52€and€VI-B-61)€statedÏconcern€that€the€existing€language€could€be€read€to€prohibit€theÏuse€of€this€exemption€by€facilities€that€do€not€utilize€non„HAPÏor€nonchemical€depainting€methods.€€This€is€inconsistent€withÏindustry's€understanding€that€the€exemption€was€intended€to€allowÏfacilities,€regardless€of€any€other€depainting€operations€thatÏmay€be€conducted,€to€use€small€quantities€of€HAP„containingÏstrippers€exclusively€for€spot€stripping€and€decal€removal.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€commenter€is€correct€that€the€intent€of€thisÏexemption€is€to€allow€for€the€limited€use€of€HAP„containingÏchemical€strippers€for€spot€stripping€or€decal€removal€at€anyÏaerospace€manufacturing€or€rework€operation.€€The€Agency€hasÏmodified€the€existing€text€in€ðð€63.746(b)(3)€by€deleting€theÏphrase€"complying€with€paragraph€(b)(1)".€€€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-57€and€IV-B-61)€proposed€theÏfollowing€change€to€ðð63.746(a):€€"Thisò ò€subpartó ó€òòsectionóó€does€notÏapply€to€an€aerospace€manufacturing€òòor€reworkóó€facility€thatÏdepaints€six€or€less€completed€aerospace€vehicles€in€a€calendarÏyear."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter.€€The€finalÏamendments€incorporate€this€language.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-49€noted€an€apparent€error€in€theÏproposed€revision€of€Equation€20.€€If€one€follows€this€equation,Ïthe€resulting€units€for€C€are€not€pounds€of€HAP€per€aircraft.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter.€€TheÏnumerical€values€resulting€from€Equation€20€(as€proposed)€will€beÏaccurate,€however,€the€units€do€not€cancel€correctly.€€Units€areÏaccurately€determined€in€revised€Equation€20€(Equation€21€in€theÏfinal€amendments)€and€the€definition€of€Dhi€has€been€revised€inÏthe€final€amendments.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-49€stated€that€the€proposedÏstandard€for€the€spot€stripping€allowance€should€read€"òòno€moreÏthanóó€365€pounds€...".Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€also€noted€this€inconsistency€in€theÏproposed€changes€to€ðð63.749(f)(3)(ii)(A)€and€has€corrected€theÏwording€in€the€final€amendments.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€ðð63.746(b)(1)€ofÏthe€final€rule€and€the€proposed€amendments€does€not€recognizeÏthat€many€depaint€technologies€emit€small€quantities€of€organicÏHAP.€€The€intent€of€EPA€is€better€achieved€by€disallowingÏmaterials€which€contain€organic€HAP.€€Users€should€be€able€toÏrely€upon€the€MSDS€as€a€common€set€reference€to€determineÏcompliance€for€the€purpose€of€this€section€of€the€rule.€ÏRecommendation€„„>€In€ðð63.746(b)(1),€change:€"...€subject€toÏthis€subpart€shall€ò òemit€no€ó óòònot€apply€materials€which€containóóÏorganic€HAP€...€òòas€identified€in€the€MSDSóó."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA's€primary€interest€in€this€NESHAP€is€toÏreduce€HAP€emissions€to€the€atmosphere.€€While€the€commenter'sÏproposed€change€would€result€in€equivalent€(if€not€slightlyÏgreater)€emission€reductions,€the€EPA€does€not€want€to€preventÏfacilities€from€using€control€devices€if€appropriate€for€specificÏapplications.€€Thus,€the€Agency€decided€to€leave€the€promulgatedÏstandards€for€depainting€operations€as€is.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-66€recommended€that,€in€the€absenceÏof€more€favorable€provisions€for€the€depainting€of€smallÏcorporate€aircraft€and€other€general€aviation,€the€standards€beÏfurther€revised€to€allow€the€use€of€HAP„based€stripperÏformulations€beyond€spot€stripping€and€decal€removal€for€theseÏsmaller€aircraft.€€This€change€would€address€the€uniqueÏchallenges€faced€by€firms€maintaining€these€aircraft,€whileÏproviding€significant€incentive€for€reductions€in€HAP€emissions.€ÏMoreover,€the€change€could€help€to€provide€a€more€level€"playingÏfield"€for€these€facilities€who€must€compete€with€smaller€firmsÏthat€will€not€be€covered€by€the€standard.€€Available€data€suggestÏthat€firms€covered€by€the€standard€account€for€only€10€toÏ20percent€of€the€companies€maintaining€general€aviation.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€issue€goes€back€to€the€depainting€allowanceÏfor€certain€types€of€aircraft€and€what€is€reasonable€in€terms€ofÏan€allowance€for€spot€stripping€and€decal€removal.€€The€EPAÏdeveloped€the€26/50€gallon€allowance€based€on€input€from€theÏlarge€commercial€rework€facilities€and€the€Air€Force€on€theirÏtechnical€estimates€of€the€relative€amount€of€exterior€surfaces€of€their€aircraft€requiring€spot€repair€(stripping)€and/or€decalÏremoval.€€Based€on€the€relative€exterior€surface€areas€for€GAÏaircraft,€there€is€no€compelling€technical€argument€to€expand€theÏallowance€for€GA€rework€facilities€into€a€depainting€limit.ÌÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.5Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝMISCELLANEOUS€NESHAP€ISSUESÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-66€supports€EPA's€proposal€toÏestablish€a€VOC€and€HAP€limit€of€622€g/L€for€uncontrolled€TypeIÏmaskants,€based€on€information€collected€as€part€of€a€section114Ïrequest.€€The€proposed€limit€recognizes€that€some€chemicalÏetching€applications€require€the€use€of€solvent„based€maskants,Ïwhile€still€achieving€a€significant€reduction€in€VOC€and€HAPÏemissions€from€masking€operations.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€appreciates€the€commenter's€support€onÏthis€issue.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€stated€that€in€the€preamble€ofÏthe€proposed€amendments,€Section€F.€Test€Method€for€DeterminingÏFiltration€Efficiency€should€be€clarified€so€that€the€filterÏefficiency€tests€may€be€performed€by€someone€other€than€the€ownerÏor€operator€of€the€source.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Several€commenters€mentioned€this€issue€in€bothÏthe€preamble€and€proposed€amendatory€language€of€the€regulation.€ÏIt€was€not€the€Agency's€intent€to€limit€who€could€perform€theÏfilter€efficiency€tests.€€The€amendatory€text€has€been€modifiedÏto€clarify€this€requirement€in€the€final€amendments.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€stated€that€under€ðð63.753,€EPAÏshould€clarify€that€the€required€semiannual€reporting€may€beÏcombined€with€the€semiannual€reporting€requirements€of€Title€VÏOperating€Permit€reports€as€long€as€all€the€required€informationÏis€provided.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€understands€the€related€issues€to€thisÏspecific€comment€and€encourages€sources€and€States€to€workÏtogether€in€streamlining€reporting€requirements.€€However,€it€isÏnot€appropriate€to€necessarily€combine€requirements€within€theÏregulatory€text€of€the€NESHAP.Ìòòà..àComment:óó€€Commenter€VI-B-57€requested€the€removal€of€theÏrequirements€for€ozone€depleting€substances€from€ðð63.744.€€There€is€no€legal€basis€for€including€a€requirement€that€hydrocarbon„¼based€cleaning€compounds€contain€no€ozone€depleting€substances.€ÏThe€control€of€HAP€and€ozone„depleting€substances€are€under€twoÏentirely€separate€programs€with€two€separate€time€lines.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€hasÏdeleted€the€reference€to€ozone€depleting€substances€in€Table€1€ofÏðð63.744.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-64€complimented€EPA€for€including€aÏreasonable€de€minimis€quantity€for€VOC€and€HAP€containingÏproducts.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€appreciates€the€comment.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI„B„63€and€VI„B„66)€remarked€onÏthe€applicability€of€the€NESHAP€cleaning€requirements.€€CommenterÏVI-B-63€stated€that€the€NESHAP€applies€to€the€use€of€hand„wipe,Ïspray€gun,€and€flush€cleaning€operations€conducted€in€connectionÏwith€nonaerospace€activities.€€The€aerospace€NESHAP€cleaningÏrequirements€should€only€apply€to€aerospace€operations.€€WhileÏthe€preamble€stated€that€the€NESHAP€only€applies€to€aerospaceÏoperations,€the€rule€itself€was€not€changed€to€make€it€clear€thatÏthis€is€the€application€of€the€rule.€€Commenter€VI„B„66€supportedÏthe€proposal€to€limit€the€standards€for€cleaning€operations€toÏthe€manufacture€and€rework€of€aerospace€vehicles€and€components.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€was€specifically€addressed€in€the€recentlyÏproposed€amendments€to€the€rule€(see€ðð63.741(c)€on€page55853€inÏthe€October29,€1996€òòFederal€Registeróó€notice)€and€the€finalÏamendatory€language€reflects€the€revised€language€which€isÏconsistent€with€that€recommended€by€the€first€commenter.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€did€not€agree€with€EPA€underÏðð63.744€Cleaning€operations:€€To€require€bagging€orÏcontainerizing€of€VOC„containing€wipe€materials€will€be€anÏenforcement€nightmare€for€facilities€and€enforcement€agencies.€ÏNo€matter€how€you€define€"immediately€after€use"€there€willÏalways€be€different€interpretations€of€the€term€"immediate".€€TheÏcommenter€recommended€deleting€the€wording€in€ðð63.744(a)(1)€andÏreplacing€with:€"Storage€and€disposal€of€all€VOC„containingÏsolvents,€used€in€the€cleaning€of€aerospace€vehicles€and€components,€shall€be€in€nonabsorbent€nonleaking€containers,€whichÏshall€be€kept€closed,€except€when€filling€or€emptying.€€It€isÏrecommended€that€cloth€and€paper€moistened€with€VOC„containingÏsolvents€be€stored€in€closed,€nonadsorbent,€nonleakingÏcontainers."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€issue€was€addressed€in€the€recent€proposedÏamendments€and€the€revised€language€is€more€consistent€with€theÏstorage€requirements€in€the€California€SIP„approved€rules€thatÏwere€the€basis€for€this€requirement.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€IV-B„63€stated€that€not€all€HAP's€areÏVOC's,€nor€are€all€VOC's€HAP's.€€If€the€"and"€is€used,€then€oneÏcould€read€ðð63.741(f)€to€require€both€VOC's€and€HAP's€to€beÏpresent€for€this€exemption€to€be€acceptable.€€The€intent€was€forÏthe€exemption€to€apply€if€either€HAP,€or€VOC,€or€both€wereÏpresent€below€the€specified€concentrations.€€The€commenterÏsuggested€the€following€de€minimis€HAP/VOC€exemptionÏclarification:€€"The€requirements€of€this€subpart€also€do€notÏapply€to€primers,€topcoats,€chemical€milling€maskants,€strippers,Ïand€cleaning€solvents€containing€HAP€and/or€VOC€at€aÏconcentration€less€than€..."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€does€not€agree€with€the€commenter€onÏwhat€was€intended€for€the€exemption.€€It€is€not€the€Agency'sÏposition€that€both€HAP€and€VOC€need€be€present€for€an€exemptionÏto€apply.€€The€Agency€believes€the€term€"HAP€and€VOC"€correctlyÏidentifies€those€situations€where€the€requirements€of€thisÏsubpart€do€not€apply.€€If€a€cleaning€solvent€contains€VOC€at€aÏconcentration€above€the€specified€0.1percent€òòandóó€HAP€at€aÏconcentration€below€the€0.1percent,€the€exemption€does€òònotóóÏapply.€€If€the€suggested€"and/or"€were€used,€the€exemption€couldÏbe€applied€to€this€scenario.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€ðð63.743(b)€of€theÏfinal€rule€restates€and€strengthens€the€requirement€in€theÏGeneral€Provisions€for€"maintenance€plans."€€€The€development€ofÏsuch€a€comprehensive€plan€for€particulate€filters€would€representÏan€excessive€burden€to€the€industry€without€a€commensurateÏenvironmental€benefit.€€Particulate€filtering€systems€are€generally€not€prone€to€start€up€and€shut€down€malfunctions€asÏrequired€for€the€plans.€€It€is€more€appropriate€to€let€the€StateÏor€local€regulatory€agency€determine€which€level€of€enforcementÏis€best€for€them€to€meet€the€requirements.€€ManufacturersÏspecifications€or€some€other€negotiated€method€could€then€beÏused.€€Therefore,€in€ðð63.743(b),€add€the€following:€€"Startup,Ïshutdown,€and€malfunction€plan:€Plan€requirements€shall€beÏdelineated€in€the€appropriate€Title€V€operating€permit."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€in€thatÏparticulate€filtration€systems€are€not€prone€to€startup/shutdownÏproblems€and€addressed€this€issue€in€the€recently€proposedÏamendments.€€Section63.743(b)€states:€"Dry€particulate€filterÏsystems€operated€per€the€manufacturer's€instructions€are€exemptÏfrom€a€startup,€shutdown,€and€malfunction€plan."Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€thatÏðð63.745(g)(2)(v)(C)„†Continuous€monitoring,€would€requireÏinstallation€of€costly,€"real„time"€monitoring€equipment.€ÏCurrently,€the€commenter€is€aware€of€visual€"sight€glass"Ïpressure€drop€indicators€on€filtration€equipment.€€The€commenterÏbelieves€that€an€inspection€of€all€"sight€glass"€indicators€onceÏeach€shift€would€be€sufficient€to€ensure€proper€equipmentÏoperations.€€In€addition,€this€is€consistent€with€the€pressureÏdrop€requirements€identified€in€ðð63.752(d).€€The€commenterÏrecommends€that€ðð63.745(g)(2)(v)(C)€be€revised€as€follows:€Ïchange€"€monitor€òòonce€per€shiftóó€the€pressure€drop€across€theÏfilter;€and"Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter's€viewpointÏon€what€is€reasonable€monitoring€to€ensure€proper€equipmentÏoperations€and€tried€to€address€the€general€issue€of€"continuousÏmonitoring"€in€the€recent€amendments€(see€II.M€of€the€preamble,Ïpage€55851€in€the€October29,€1996€òòFederal€Registeróó€notice).€€TheÏAgency€has€added€text€to€ðð63.745(g)(2)(iv)(C)€and€(g)(2)(v)€toÏbe€consistent€with€the€other€recent€clarifications€such€asÏðð63.751(c)(1)€involving€monitoring€requirements.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€sources€whichÏcommenced€construction€prior€to€promulgation€of€the€final€rule€should€be€allowed€to€comply€with€the€requirements€for€existingÏsources€because,€at€the€time€of€construction,€there€was€noÏproposed€or€final€rule€requiring€the€implementation€of€3„stage€orÏequivalent€filters.€€In€the€final€rule€and€proposed€supplementalÏnotice,€sources€which€commenced€construction€between€the€dates€ofÏthe€proposed€and€final€rules€are€required€to€comply€with€theÏinorganic€HAP€emission€requirements€for€new€sources.€€The€finalÏrule€and€the€proposed€supplemental€notice€requirements€for€newÏsources€are€far€more€restrictive€than€those€in€the€proposed€rule.€ÏThe€supplemental€notice€proposes€less€restrictive€requirementsÏfor€sources€which€commenced€construction€between€the€final€ruleÏand€the€proposed€supplemental€notice€than€for€those€between€theÏproposed€and€final€rule.€€Reconstruction€of€sources€whichÏcommenced€construction€prior€to€September1,€1995€should€beÏrequired€to€meet€the€requirements€for€existing€sources.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€issue€was€also€raised€at€the€March€industryÏroundtable€meeting€and€was€addressed€in€the€recently€proposedÏamendments€to€the€aerospace€NESHAP€(see€II.K€of€the€proposedÏpreamble,€page€55851€in€the€òòFederal€Registeróó€notice€published€onÏOctober€29,€1996).€€The€Agency€realizes€that€there€are€uniqueÏcircumstances€in€which€owners€or€operators€have€commencedÏconstruction€or€reconstruction€of€a€new€spray€booth€or€hangarÏafter€the€proposed€regulation€(June4,€1994)€and€have€had€toÏcomply€with€the€requirements€in€the€promulgated€ruleÏ(September1,€1995).€€For€these€owners€or€operators€of€aerospaceÏmanufacturing€or€rework€operations€who€have€commencedÏconstruction€or€reconstruction€of€a€new€spray€booth€or€hangar€forÏinorganic€HAP€depainting€operations,€primer,€or€topcoatÏoperations€after€June4,€1994€but€prior€to€October29,€1996,€theÏEPA€has€provided€the€flexibility€to€meet€either€the€requirementsÏfor€new€sources€under€ðð63.745(g)(2)(ii)€of€the€amendments€to€theÏfinal€regulation€found€in€today's€notice€or€the€requirements€forÏnew€sources€under€ðð63.45(g)(iv)€of€the€September1,€1995Ïpromulgated€rule€which€are€found€at€ðð63.745(g)(2)(iii)€in€theÏamended€rule.€€Sources€that€commended€construction€prior€toÏJune4,€1994€are€still€required€to€meet€the€existing€source€requirements€for€depainting€operations€and€painting€(topcoat€orÏprimer€application)€operations€found€in€the€final€amended€rule.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€Section€II.M€of€theÏpreamble€of€the€proposed€amendments€includes€alternativeÏparticulate€control€technologies€that€demonstrate€equal€or€betterÏperformance€at€the€three€sizes€specified€in€the€new€sourcesÏtable.€€If€the€other€references€to€filters€do€not€also€includeÏthe€"equivalent"€alternative€technologies€as€part€of€theÏreference,€the€disconnect€could€turn€into€a€paperwork€trapÏanytime€a€different€technology€is€installed.€€The€commenterÏrecommends€all€references€to€filters€allow€alternativeÏparticulate€control€technologies€that€demonstrate€equal€or€betterÏperformance€at€the€three€sizes€specified€in€the€new€sourcesÏtable.€€€€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€While€the€Agency€agrees€with€commenter'sÏassertion€that€equivalent€alternative€technologies€need€to€beÏallowed€and€documented€within€the€NESHAP€requirements,€the€AgencyÏalso€believes€that€there€are€existing€mechanisms€within€theÏGeneral€Provisions€which€address€this€issue.€€(See€alternativeÏtest€method€definition€in€63.2).€€The€owner€and/or€operator€willÏneed€to€get€the€alternative€test€method€approved€regardless.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€questioned€if€the€effective€dateÏto€be€considered€a€new€source€is€September€1,€1995€or€when€theÏaerospace€NESHAP€first€appeared€in€the€òòFederal€Registeróó€in€JuneÏ1994.€€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€effective€date€is€June€6,€1994.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€questioned€if€converting€aÏwaterwash€to€a€dry€particulate€filter€system€would€result€in€theÏdry€system€being€considered€as€a€new€source€for€primer€andÏtopcoat€application€operations.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€If€the€conversion€cost€more€than€half€of€theÏfixed€capital€cost€estimated€for€constructing€an€entirely€new€dryÏsystem,€then€the€converted€dry€system€would€be€considered€a€newÏsource€for€regulatory€compliance€issues.€€The€NESHAP€requirementsÏin€ðð63.753(a)(1)€refer€to€the€recordkeeping€and€reporting€requirements€of€the€General€Provisions,€40CFR€part63,ÏsubpartA.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€questioned€if€the€reconstructionÏof€an€existing€hangar€(used€for€primer€and€topcoat€applicationÏoperations)€would€cause€it€to€be€considered€a€new€source€uponÏcompletion.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€If€the€primers€or€topcoats€used€in€the€hangarÏcontain€inorganic€HAP,€then€the€new€or€reconstructed€spray€boothÏor€hangar€will€be€subject€to€the€applicable€new€sourceÏrequirements€for€inorganic€HAP.€€New€construction€orÏreconstruction€of€a€new€spray€booth€or€hangar€at€a€facility€forÏan€existing€coating€or€depainting€operation€will€òònotóó€cause€theÏexisting€operation€to€be€subject€to€any€other€new€sourceÏstandards.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€questioned€if€reconstruction€orÏrelocation€of€an€existing€booth€in€a€facility€mean€that€the€boothÏwould€be€considered€a€new€source.€€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€If€an€existing€booth€is€simply€relocated€withinÏthe€same€source€(i.e.,€facility€or€building),€there€would€be€noÏregulatory€significance.€€For€reconstruction€of€an€existingÏbooth,€see€the€two€previous€comments€and€responses.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-62€concurred€with€the€AgencyððsÏclarification€of€the€applicability€section€by€removing€theÏreference€to€space€vehicles€in€ðð63.741(f)€and€adding€a€newÏðð63.741(h)€which€states€regulated€activities€associated€withÏspace€vehicles€are€exempt€from€the€requirements€of€this€subpart,Ïexcept€for€depainting€operations€found€in€ðð63.748.€€TheÏcommenter€stated€that€this€revision€reflected€an€importantÏclarification€of€the€applicability€of€the€rule€for€aerospaceÏorganizations.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€appreciates€the€commenter'sÏconcurrence€on€this€issue.€€The€proposed€language€has€beenÏrevised€slightly€for€greater€consistency€with€the€stratosphericÏozone€regulations.€€The€exemption€was€added€to€the€final€rule€asÏðð63.744(e)(13).€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-62€concurred€with€the€addition€ofÏðð63.744(e)(13).€€The€commenter€noted€that€this€additionÏacknowledges€critical€materials€which€have€been€granted€EssentialÏUse€Waiver€under€the€CAAA€Title€VI€and€the€Montreal€Protocol,€andÏrecognizes€the€exemption€from€the€rule€for€the€continued€use€ofÏthose€critical€materials.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€appreciates€the€commenter'sÏconcurrence€on€this€issue.€ÌÔ  Ôà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-53€stated€that€the€Agency€shouldÏprovide€flexibility€in€the€regulation€to€allow€a€broaderÏaveraging€approach.€€Specifically,€averaging€between€controlledÏand€uncontrolled€primers,€topcoats,€and€chemical€milling€maskantsÏshould€be€allowed.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€issue€was€raised€previously€and€EPA€tried€toÏevaluate€the€impacts€of€various€averaging€schemes€and€develop€aÏcompliance€strategy€that€incorporated€averaging€across€emissionÏpoints.€€Unfortunately,€a€workable€solution€to€this€overall€issueÏof€allowing€a€broader€averaging€approach€was€never€developed.€Ìà..àIn€designing€emissions€trading€and€averaging€systems,€EPAÏbelieves€that€it€is€important€to€consider€the€effect€that€tradingÏor€averaging€is€likely€to€have€on€facilities'€actual€emissions,Ïas€well€as€the€effect€on€facilities'€maximum€allowable€emissions.€ÏA€workable€scheme€for€averaging€across€coating€types€was€notÏdeveloped€because€the€format€of€the€coating€limits€in€the€rule€asÏoriginally€promulgated€(September€1,€1995)€creates€inherentÏdifficulties€for€making€accurate€and€equitable€emissionsÏcomparisons.€€In€order€to€include€effective€emissions€averagingÏprovisions€for€different€coating€categories€(i.e.,€primers,Ïtopcoats,€and€maskants)€or€other€emission€sources,€the€format€ofÏthe€entire€rule€would€have€to€be€overhauled.€€Such€changes€areÏnow€beyond€the€scope€of€the€work€involved€in€finalizing€theÏamendments€to€the€aerospace€rule€and€cannot€be€justified€in€termsÏof€potential€advantages€to€industry€(e.g.,€affected€facilities)Ïand/or€the€environment.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€in€ðð63.750(I)(2)(i),Ïalternative€application€methods€of€primers€or€topcoats€should€be€allowed€where€manufacturers€have€demonstrated€equivalency€withÏHVLP/electrostatic€transfer€efficiency.€€This€process€of€30„dayÏperiod€using€HVLP€and€then€using€alternative€method€for€same€timeÏand€process€is€not€appropriate.€€If€a€manufacturer€is€able€toÏdemonstrate€new€technology€equivalent€to€HVLP,€it€must€beÏavailable€to€users€without€long,€drawn€out€testing.€€Only€whereÏusers€are€developing€their€own€technology€should€this€detailedÏtesting€be€required.€€Recommendation:€€Change€evaluation€periodÏfrom€30€to€4€days.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Any€time€period€specified€in€the€evaluation€ofÏalternative€equipment€or€test€methods€is€certainly€subjective€toÏthe€amount€of€actual€painting€that€is€done.€€For€largeÏfacilities,€coating€operations€are€typically€conducted€every€dayÏand€in€many€cases,€around„the„clock.€€However,€for€many€of€theÏsmaller€facilities€and€particularly€rework€facilities,€coatingÏoperations€may€only€be€conducted€one€or€two€shifts€per€week.€€TheÏEPA€decided€that€30€days€is€a€reasonable€compromise€for€all€typesÏand€sizes€of€facilities€to€demonstrate€equivalency€òòandóó€alsoÏprovided€additional€flexibility€for€qualifying€other€applicationÏmethods.€€In€the€final€rule,€ðð€63.750(i)(2)(i)€states€"For€theÏprocess€or€processes€for€which€the€alternative€application€methodÏis€to€be€used,€the€total€organic€HAP€and€VOC€emissions€shall€beÏdetermined€for€an€initial€30„day€period,€the€period€of€timeÏrequired€to€apply€coating€to€five€completely€assembled€aircraft,Ïor€a€time€period€approved€by€the€permitting€agency."Ìà..àBased€on€other€comments€related€to€this€section€of€the€finalÏrule,€the€EPA€has€provided€additional€flexibility€for€thoseÏsources€wanting€to€use€an€alternative€application€method€fromÏprimers€and€topcoats€by€adding€(revising)€paragraphsÏðð63.750(i)(2)(iii)€and€(iv)€as€follows:Ìà..à(iii)€€Test€the€proposed€application€method€against€eitherÏHVLP€or€electrostatic€spray€application€methods€in€a€laboratoryÏor€pilot€production€area,€using€parts€and€coatings€representativeÏof€the€process(es)€where€the€alternative€method€is€to€be€used.€ÏThe€laboratory€test€will€use€the€same€part€configuration(s)€and€the€same€number€of€parts€for€both€the€proposed€method€and€theÏHVLP€or€electrostatic€spray€application€methods.Ìà..à(iv)€€Whenever€the€approach€in€either€paragraph€(i)(2)(ii)Ïor€(i)(2)(iii)€is€used,€the€owner€or€operator€shall€calculateÏboth€the€organic€HAP€and€VOC€emission€reduction€usingÏequation19.ÌÔ  ÔÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.6Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝNOT€RELEVANT€TO€PROPOSED€AMENDMENTSÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-52€referenced€ðð63.744(e)€and€theÏCTG€stating€the€EPA€should€modify€the€cleaning€operationsÏrequirements€to€include€an€exemption€from€the€need€for€a€closedÏcontainer€when€"cleaning€the€nozzle€tips€of€automated€sprayÏequipment€systems,€except€for€robotic€systems."€€In€Rule1171-†¼Solvent€Cleaning€Operations,€the€South€Coast€Air€QualityÏManagement€District€(SCAQMD)€has€included€an€exemption€from€theÏneed€for€a€closed€container€when€"cleaning€of€the€nozzle€tips€ofÏautomated€spray€equipment€systems,€except€for€robotic€systems."€ÏThis€exemption€was€added€because€automated€spray€equipment€cannotÏbe€easily€assembled,€and€these€guns€may€occasionally€need€to€beÏquickly€cleared€of€paint€residue€with€a€minimum€disruption€ofÏproduction.€€Being€able€to€quickly€spray€solvent€through€the€gun,Ïwhich€will€solve€the€operating€problem,€has€thus€been€allowed€byÏthe€SCAQMD.€€A€similar€exemption€should€be€included€in€thisÏsection€of€the€NESHAP.Ìà..àAutomated€spray€equipment€is€not€generally€programmable,Ïi.e.,€it€is€typically€set€up€on€a€moving€track€to€spray€when€aÏpart€is€positioned€in€front€of€it€and€to€shut€off€when€no€part€isÏsensed.€€A€robotic€system,€on€the€other€hand,€can€be€programmedÏto€move€away€from€the€parts€to€spray€cleaning€solvent€into€someÏtype€of€closed€container.€€The€"dumb"€automatic€reciprocator€hasÏno€such€capability,€since€it€is€rigidly€fixed€to€its€supportÏstructure.€€When€such€a€gun€needs€to€be€cleaned,€without€beingÏdissembled,€it€can€only€spray€solvent€into€the€open€air€of€theÏbooth.€€Thus,€this€simpler€type€of€automated€automatic€equipmentÏneeds€an€exemption€from€atomized€open€air€spraying,€unlike€aÏfully€robotic€system€which€can€be€positioned€to€spray€into€aÏnearby€closed€container.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€commenter€referenced€SCAQMD€Rule€1171€asÏhaving€recently€including€this€exemption€in€their€rule.€€HavingÏreviewed€the€most€recent€version€of€Rule€1171,€the€EPA€agreesÏwith€the€commenter€and€will€propose€the€change€in€the€nextÏsupplemental€notice€to€the€NESHAP.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-52€and€VI-B-63)€raised€theÏissue€of€pumpless€waterwash€systems,€stating€the€EPA€had€beenÏpreviously€petitioned€to€modify€the€waterwash€particulate€controlÏsystem€requirements€to€allow€for€use€of€existing€waterwashÏsystems€which€do€not€utilize€flowing€water€(a€pumpless€system)€toÏremove€particulate€emissions€from€the€exhaust€air€stream€in€sprayÏcoating€application€or€dry€media€blast€depainting€operations.€€ToÏaccomplish€this,€several€areas€of€the€rule€should€be€changed:€Ïðððð63.742,€63.745(g)(2)(v),€63.751(c)(2),€63.751(d),€63.752(d)(2)Ïand€(3),€and€63.752(e)(7).Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€comment€was€included€in€the€comments€madeÏafter€the€original€rule€was€proposed€„„€see€BID€II,€page€7„43.€ÏThe€response€at€the€time€was€"The€EPA€has€adopted€a€provisionÏthat€allows€the€use€of€waterwash€booths€for€particulate€controlÏfrom€depainting€operations.€€The€EPA€has€included€the€followingÏprovisions€in€the€final€rule€for€waterwash€booths:€(1)€if€theÏwater€path€fails€the€visual€continuity/flow€characteristicsÏcheck,€or€the€flow€meter€requirements€show€a€disruption€in€flow,Ïor€the€booth€manufacturer's€maintenance€procedures€have€not€beenÏperformed€as€scheduled,€the€operation€must€be€shut€downÏimmediately€and€corrective€action€taken;€and€(2)€the€operationÏshall€not€be€resumed€until€the€waterwash€flow€is€within€theÏlimit(s)€specified€by€the€booth€manufacturer."€€Ìà..àIn€followup€discussions€with€the€commenters,€the€EPA€hasÏlearned€that€there€are€at€least€two€types€of€pumpless€waterwashÏsystems€currently€being€used€by€aerospace€facilities.€€There€isÏno€readily€identifiable€operating€parameter€that€is€common€toÏboth€types€of€systems.€€Therefore,€the€EPA€decided€to€use€theÏgeneric€approach€as€suggested€by€one€of€the€commenters€and€willÏpropose€the€change(s)€in€the€next€supplemental€notice€to€theÏNESHAP.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-60€and€VI-B-65)€statedÏðð63.750(g)(1)€uses€the€term€"dedicated€solvent€recovery€device",Ïbut€it€is€not€defined€in€the€rule.€€The€EPA€needs€to€define€thisÏterm€so€the€owner€or€operator€and€any€enforcement€agency€knowÏwhat€a€dedicated€solvent€recovery€device€is€so€that€proper€testÏprocedures€may€be€followed€and€proper€enforcement€of€this€aspectÏof€the€rule€accomplished.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€has€included€the€following€definitionÏ(based€on€the€definition€from€the€Hazardous€Organic€NESHAP€orÏHON)€for€"recovery€device"€in€the€amendments€to€the€finalÏaerospace€rule:Ìà0..àÓÓ€€€€€ò òRecovery€deviceó ó€means€an€individual€unit€of€equipmentÏcapable€of€and€normally€used€for€the€purpose€of€recoveringÏchemicals€for€fuel€value,€use,€or€reuse.€€Examples€ofÏequipment€that€may€be€recovery€devices€include€absorbers,Ïcarbon€adsorbers,€condensers,€oil„water€separators,€orÏorganic„water€separators€or€organic€removal€devices€such€asÏdecanters,€strippers,€or€thin„film€evaporation€units.€€ÌÌÓ€ÓA€dedicated€solvent€recovery€device€refers€to€such€controlÏequipment€(as€described/defined€above)€that€is€specific€to€aÏgiven€process€or€control€system.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-60€and€VI-B-65)€statedÏðð63.753(c)(iv)(A)€indicates€that€if€a€carbon€adsorber€is€used,Ïeach€owner€or€operator€shall€indicate€each€rolling€period€whenÏthe€overall€control€efficiency€of€the€control€system€isÏcalculated€to€be€less€than€81percent,€the€initial€materialÏbalance€calculation,€and€any€exceedances€as€demonstrated€throughÏthe€calculation.€€However,€only€part€(g)(1)€of€the€"Test€methodsÏand€procedures"€section€requires€a€material€balance€to€beÏaccomplished€over€a€7„€to€30„day€period.€€The€remaining€parts€ofÏ(g)€where€a€carbon€adsorber€may€be€used€[parts€(2)€through€(6)]Ïappear€only€to€require€that€the€capture€and€control€efficiency€ofÏthe€carbon€adsorber€be€equal€or€greater€than€the€81percent,€withÏno€material€balance€or€any€rolling€period€involved.€€The€EPAÏneeds€to€clarify€this€apparent€inconsistency€in€requirements€ofÏwhen€a€material€balance€and€a€"rolling€period"€are€needed.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€went€back€and€reviewed€the€variousÏreporting€requirements€associated€with€control€devices.€€HavingÏdone€this,€the€Agency€does€not€agree€with€the€commenter€that€theÏreporting€requirements€should€be€consistent€regardless€of€theÏcompliance€approach.€€Not€all€compliance€approaches€lendÏthemselves€to€rolling€averages€and€not€all€control/monitoringÏequipment€provide€the€same€types€of€data.€€In€fact,Ïðð63.749(g)(1)€includes€language€that€allows€sources€to€use€aÏliquid„liquid€HAP€or€VOC€material€balance€over€7„€to€30-dayÏperiods€in€lieu€of€demonstrating€compliance€using€the€methods€inÏðð63.749(g)(2),(3),€or€(4).€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-57€and€VI-B-61)€stated€thatÏthe€reference€to€section€112(l)€of€the€Clean€Air€Act€noted€inÏðð63.744(b)(3)€„„€Alternative€volume€reduction€demonstration€forÏhand„wipe€solvents,€appears€to€be€misplaced.€€Requiring€approvalÏof€each€individual€plan€to€undergo€the€complicated€approvalÏprocedures€of€112(l)€is€unwarranted€and€contrary€to€the€intent€ofÏ112(l).€€Additionally,€the€EPA€should€delete€the€requirement€forÏdemonstrating€that€the€60€percent€volume€reduction€providesÏemission€reductions€equivalent€to€the€solvent€composition€orÏvapor€pressure€compliance€options.€€It€would€be€impossible€for€aÏfacility€to€make€such€a€demonstration.€€In€promulgating€theÏ60percent€reduction€standard,€EPA€has€already€established€aÏlevel€of€reduction€that€is€equivalent€to€the€other€options.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€With€regards€to€the€cited€reference€toÏsection112(l),€the€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenters€and€isÏproposing€amendatory€language€to€remove€all€references€toÏsection112(l).€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenters€in€thatÏthe€language€describing€how€the€equivalency€is€to€be€demonstratedÏis€confusing.€€Therefore,€the€proposed€amendments€to€the€finalÏrule€includes€new€language€stating€"The€baseline€shall€beÏcalculated€using€data€from€1996€and€1997,€or€as€otherwise€agreedÏupon€by€the€Administrator€or€delegated€State€Authority."Ìòòà..àComment:óó€€Commenter€VI-B-57€stated€that€the€references€madeÏto€SIC€codes€do€not€include€SIC€code€4512:€Scheduled€AirÏTransportation.€€Because€most€airlines€operate€under€this€SIC€code,€the€commenter€recommended€its€inclusion€in€the€list€ofÏexample€SIC€codes.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€is€not€a€regulatory€issue,€but€will€be€takenÏinto€account€in€those€informational€documents€describing€theÏaffected€industry.€€Table1€in€the€preamble€to€the€final€ruleÏincluded€a€listing€of€affected€SIC€codes€and€will€also€be€revisedÏaccordingly.€€As€of€January1,€1997,€a€new€numerical€codingÏsystem€for€classifying€industries€has€been€implemented€by€theÏU.S.€Census€Bureau.€€The€new€system€is€called€the€North€AmericanÏIndustrial€Classification€System€(NAICS).€€The€NAICS€codes€haveÏup€to€six€digits€whereas€the€SIC€codes€are€four€digits.€€ThisÏallows€the€ability€to€group€industries€into€more€sectors€whileÏallowing€the€identification€of€more€industry€types.€€The€table€onÏthe€following€page€summarizes/cross„references€the€SIC€and€NAICSÏcodes€likely€to€be€affected€by€the€aerospace€NESHAP.€Ìß`€ O?;z|  xÌ) pÀ €@@@`ßà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-57€and€VI-B-61)€offeredÏcomments€on€the€exemption€for€hand„held€spray€can€applications€inÏðð63.745(g)(4).€€Even€though€there€is€an€exemption€for€hand„heldÏspray€can€applications€for€topcoats€and€primersò ò.€€However,ó ó€thereÏis€no€similar€exemption€for€control€of€inorganic€HAP€emissions.€ÏThough€hand„held€spray€cans€used€outside€a€paint€booth€or€hangarÏwould€typically€be€exempt€in€any€event€for€touchup€operations,€aÏspecific€spray€can€exemption€is€needed€for€purposes€of€clarityÏand€to€avoid€confusion.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€exemption€for€hand„held€spray€canÏapplications€was€inserted€under€section€63.745(f)(3)(v)€based€onÏcomments€to€the€original€(June€1994)€proposed€rule€stating€onlyÏsmall€emission€reductions€would€result€from€their€regulation€andÏthat€such€applications€are€already€exempt€under€SCAQMD€Rule1124.€ÏThe€hand„held€spray€can€exemption€could€be€perceived€asÏunnecessarily€restrictive€to€only€address€organic€HAP€emissions.€ÏThe€Agency€agrees€that€the€exemption€should€also€be€applicable€toÏinorganic€HAP€emissions€and€added€an€exemption€for€the€use€ofÏhand„held€application€methods€under€63.745(g)(4)(x).Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-57€and€VI-B-61)€noted€thereÏshould€be€a€reference€to€the€term€"Hòòióó"€in€ðð63.750(k)€since€´ðð63.749(h)(3)€(i)€cites€this€section€for€the€method€to€determineÏ"Hòòióó."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€hasÏrevised€ðð63.750(k)€to€read€as€follows:€€"...€determine€the€massÏof€organic€HAP€emitted€per€unit€volume€of€coating€(chemicalÏÔ  Ômilling€maskant)€i€as€applied€(less€water),€Hòòióó€(lb/gal)."€€ThisÏclarification€is€included€in€the€final€amendments€to€the€NESHAP.Ìòòà..àCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-53€stated€that€the€Agency€shouldÏallow€for€alternative€methods€for€monitoring/recordkeeping/Ïreporting€(MRR)€as€long€as€equivalent€public€health€protectionÏcan€be€demonstrated.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€agrees€with€the€commenter.€€Table€1€toÏSubpart€GG€incorporates€by€reference€the€applicable€sections€ofÏthe€General€Provisions€Subpart€A.€€This€includes€the€relevantÏsections€of€63.8(f),€Use€of€an€Alternative€Monitoring€Method,€andÏ63.10(f),€Waiver€of€Recordkeeping€and€Reporting€Requirements.€ÏBoth€of€these€sections€contained€within€the€General€ProvisionsÏallow€the€source€to€request€an€alternative(s)€and€specify€theÏconditions€that€source€must€meet€for€approval€of€anyÏalternative(s)€by€the€Administrator€(or€a€delegated€state).Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€that€under€ðð63.741ÏApplicability:€€To€extend€MACT€controls€to€those€sources€thatÏwere€"major"€through€the€accumulation€of€unrelated€emissions€isÏunjustified€on€policy€grounds.€€Therefore,€it€is€recommended€thatÏthe€definition€of€"affected€source"€be€changed€to€reflect€onlyÏaerospace€facilities€that€are€major€sources.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€In€general,€the€Agency€disagrees€with€theÏcommenter€and€refers€the€commenter€to€the€July€21,€1995€D.C.ÏCircuit€Court€decision,€òòNational€Mining€Associationóó,€vs.€òòU.S.ÏEnvironmental€Protection€Agencyóó,€where€the€NMA€challenged€EPA'sÏdefinition€of€major€sources.€€The€Court's€decision€reaffirmedÏEPA's€implementation€of€the€definition€of€major€source€whichÏrequires€the€aggregation€of€all€hazardous€air€emissions€within€aÏplant€site.Ìà..àHowever,€the€Agency€has€provided€guidance€on€theÏimplementation€of€Section€112€standards€with€regard€to€major€source€determinations€at€Federal€military€installations€(see€theÏletter€from€John€Seitz€to€the€EPA€Regional€Air€Director,€datedÏAugust€2,€1996).€€In€summary,€this€guidance€allows€for€case„¼specific€determinations€regarding€common€control€for€separateÏmilitary€entities€at€the€same€military€installation.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€requested€military€operations€beÏexempted€from€NESHAP€requirements€during€hostilities€or€war,€orÏwhen€national€security€is€an€issue.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€does€not€believe€there€is€any€technicalÏjustification€for€including€such€an€exemption€for€theÏapplicability€of€the€final€rule.€€Section112(i)(4)€of€the€CleanÏAir€Act€contains€a€"Presidential€Exemption,"€which€allows€theÏPresident€to€exempt€any€source€from€compliance€with€a€NESHAP€forÏa€period€of€up€to€2years€if€the€President€determines€that€theÏtechnology€to€implement€the€standard€is€not€available€and€thatÏthe€exemption€is€in€the€national€security€interests€of€the€U.S.€ÏThis€provision€would€likely€be€broadly€construed€to€allow€theÏPresident€to€respond€to€emergencies€such€as€war€or€nationalÏsecurity€issues.€€Because€this€exemption€is€provided€by€statute,Ïthere€is€no€need€to€write€an€exemption€into€the€text€of€theÏregulation.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€requested€the€definition€ofÏ"aerospace€vehicle€or€component"€be€revised€to€exclude€purelyÏmilitary€components€such€as€weapon€systems,€military€surveillanceÏequipment,€guns,€etc.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€does€not€believe€there€is€any€technicalÏjustification€for€the€suggested€revision.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€adding€the€followingÏdefinition:€"òòCritical€to€flight€performanceóó€means€those€portionsÏof€the€aircraft€that€are€needed€to€fly€the€aircraft€(e.g.,€wings,Ïfuel€tanks,€cockpit)"€because€the€term€is€used€in€the€final€ruleÏand€a€definition€is€needed;€otherwise€it€is€too€ambiguous.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€does€not€believe€there€is€any€technicalÏjustification€for€adding€this€new€term€to€the€definitions€list.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€adding€the€followingÏdefinition€for€military€aircraft:€€"Military€aircraft€means€anÏaircraft€produced€under€a€Department€of€Defense€(DoD)€contract."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€does€not€believe€there€is€any€technicalÏjustification€for€adding€this€new€term€to€the€definitions€list.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€revising€theÏdefinition€for€"nonchemical€based€depainting€equipment"€by€addingÏthe€following€clarification€(see€underlined€text):€Ìà0..àÓÓò òNonchemical€based€depainting€equipmentó ó€means€any€depaintingÏequipment€or€technique,€including,€but€not€limited€to,€mediaÏblasting€equipment,€that€can€depaint€an€aerospace€vehicle€orÏcomponent€in€the€absence€of€a€òòliquid€or€pasteóó€chemicalÏstripper.€€This€definition€does€not€include€mechanicalÏsanding€or€hand„sanding.Ó€Ó€€ÌThe€commenter€stated€their€proposed€language€provides€theÏtechnically€proper€distinction€between€the€liquid€or€pasteÏchemical€strippers€and€those€(e.g.,€COòò2óó,€SiOòò2óó,€acrylic,Ïpolyester)€which€work€in€a€mechanical€way.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€EPA€does€not€believe€there€is€any€technicalÏjustification€for€revising€the€existing€definition€forÏ"nonchemical€based€depainting€equipment"€to€provide€theÏtechnically€proper€distinction€between€mechanical€and€chemicalÏstrippers.€€The€Agency€believes€such€a€distinction€is€implicitlyÏunderstood€within€the€context€of€the€existing€definition.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€changing€the€thirdÏsentence€of€the€existing€definition€of€"primer"€to€read€asÏfollows:€"òòInorganic€coatings€andóó€coating€that€are€defined€asÏspecialty€coatings€are€not€included€under€this€definition."€€TheÏcommenter€stated€that€inorganic€coatings€are€not€covered€underÏthis€regulation€and€the€current€definition€for€primer€alsoÏdescribes€conversion€coatings.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Because€NESHAP€include€both€organic€and€inorganicÏHAP€and€some€primers€contain€both€types€of€HAP,€the€Agency€doesÏnot€think€there€is€sufficient€technical€justification€to€modifyÏthe€existing€definition.€€All€of€the€specialty€coatingÏdefinitions€were€developed€with€input€from€industryÏrepresentatives€attending€the€roundtable€meetings.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€adding€a€provisionÏto€allow€the€aerospace€NESHAP€to€evolve€and€remain€valid€as€newÏmaterials,€techniques,€and€technologies€are€introduced€into€theÏaerospace€industry.€€Therefore,€in€ðð63.743(e),€add€theÏfollowing:€"As€new€materials,€techniques,€and€technologiesÏevolve,€particular€materials,€techniques,€and€technologies€calledÏout€in€individual€paragraphs€may€be€obsolete,€removed€fromÏservice,€or€supplanted€by€advances€to€the€state€of€the€art.€€WhenÏthe€superiority€of€such€advances€has€been€established€inÏpractice,€the€Administrator€shall€issue€a€universal€determinationÏthat€the€new€material,€technique,€or€technology€may€beÏsubstituted€for€the€requirement€specified€in€any€paragraph€underÏthese€rules.€€Until€such€determination€is€made,€substitution€ofÏadvanced€materials,€techniques,€or€technologies€may€be€negotiatedÏby€the€Administrator's€representative€on€a€case„by„case€basis."€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€This€issue€is€not€specific€to€the€aerospaceÏNESHAP€or€any€other€NESHAP€for€that€matter.€€Accordingly,€ðð63.6Ï(General€Provisions)€provides€regulatory€guidance€on€this€issue.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€residue€orÏcontamination€in€potential€leak€path€areas€described€inÏðð63.743(e)(2)€could€also€result€in€catastrophic€system€failure.€ÏTherefore,€add€the€words€"including€surfaces€which€are€potentialÏleak€paths"€at€the€end€of€ðð63.744(e)(2).Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€tried€to€follow„up€on€this€issue€withÏthe€listed€contact€person€identified€by€the€commenter.€€TheÏAgency€did€not€receive€any€additional€information€or€technicalÏjustification€(explanation)€in€response€to€its€request€forÏclarification€of€this€issue.€€Since€data/information€are€notÏpresently€available€to€serve€as€a€basis€for€amending€the€finalÏregulation,€the€EPA€has€decided€to€maintain€the€existing€text€forÏthe€listed€exempt€cleaning€operations.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€in€ðð63.744(b)(2)€ofÏthe€final€rule,€the€term€"composite€vapor€pressure"€is€incorrect.€ÏThe€formula€in€ðð63.750(b)€very€definitely€calculates€a€partialÏvapor€pressure€of€organic€VOC's.€€It€does€not€calculate€a€totalÏvapor€pressure€of€the€composite€mixture.€€A€statement€of€applicability€should€have€been€inserted.€€The€NESHAP€shouldÏclearly€state€that€the€vapor€pressure€requirement€of€45€mm€Hg€isÏa€calculated,€hypothetical,€ideal€mixture€value€of€a€true€singleÏphase€ideal€solution€that€represents€only€the€VOC€components€andÏit€is€not€a€true€vapor€pressure€value.€€Furthermore,€it€shouldÏstate€that€it€is€not€valid€for€emulsions,€multi„phase€solventÏmixtures,€and€solvents€that€have€more€than€5percentÏnonvolatiles.€€Recommendation€„„>€In€ðð63.744(b)(2),€change:€Ï"Have€a€ò òcomposite€ó óòòpartialóó€vapor€pressure€of€45€mm€Hg€..."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€While€the€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter'sÏtechnical€argument,€we€believe€the€term€is€understood€in€terms€ofÏdemonstrating€compliance€with€the€NESHAP€requirements.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€recommended€changingÏðð63.744(e)(11)€to€read€as€follows:€€"Cleaning€and€solvent€usageÏassociated€with€research€and€development,€quality€control,Ïòòproduction€testingóó,€and€laboratory€testing."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Production€testing€can€result€in€significantÏemissions€if€the€test€cycle€involves€large€scale€operations.€ÏTherefore,€the€Agency€does€not€agree€with€the€recommended€changeÏto€the€existing€exemption€for€cleaning€and€solvent€usage.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€the€listed€complianceÏmethod€in€ðð63.745€of€the€final€rule€is€to€comply€with€theÏstandard€and€this€does€not€make€sense.€€The€methods€used€toÏcomply€with€ðð63.747(e)€also€need€to€be€further€defined.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€does€not€agree;€the€listed€complianceÏmethods€in€ðð63.745(e)€are€directly€related€to€the€specifiedÏcoating€limits€and€there€are€multiple€compliance€options€that€mayÏbe€utilized€to€meet€the€limits€or€control€system€requirements.€ÏSimilarly,€the€listed€compliance€methods€in€ðð63.747(e)€areÏdirectly€related€to€the€specified€chemical€milling€maskant€limitsÏthat€were€developed€as€part€of€the€MACT€floor€and€there€areÏmultiple€compliance€options€that€may€be€utilized€to€meet€theÏlimits€or€control€system€requirements.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€ðð63.745(g)(2)€of€theÏfinal€rule€requires€the€owner€or€operator€to€shut€down€theÏoperation€if€the€pressure€drop€is€outside€the€limit(s)€specified€by€the€manufacturer.€€The€commenter€believed€the€immediate€shutÏdown€requirement€is€too€severe€and€that€the€language€should€beÏsoftened€to€require€shut€down€only€if€repair€operations€can€notÏbe€accomplished€within€24€hours.€€This€would€allow€the€currentÏapplication€procedure€to€be€completed€thereby€avoiding€the€needÏto€depaint€and€repaint€due€to€the€shutdown€in€the€middle€of€anÏapplication.€€The€commenter€recommended€changing€the€firstÏsentence€in€ðð63.745(g)(3),€to€read:€"...€shut€down€the€operationÏimmediately€òòafter€the€aircraft€undergoing€the€painting€operationÏis€completeóó€and€take€corrective€action."Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€requirement€to€shut€down€the€painting€processÏimmediately€if€the€spray€booth€controls€are€not€working€properlyÏis€not€unreasonable€if€you€consider€the€relative€amount€of€HAPÏemissions€that€could€be€emitted€from€spray€coating€operations.€ÏThe€Agency€recommends€that€the€commenter€read€ðð63.6€inÏdeveloping€their€own€corrective€action€response€as€part€of€theirÏfacility€(source)€specific€operation€and€maintenance€plan.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€referenced€ðð63.750(a)Ïcomposition€and€(b)€vapor€pressure€determination€in€describingÏseveral€existing€and€potential€problems€in€trying€to€get€vaporÏpressure€and€average€molecular€weight€data€for€petroleum€basedÏhydrocarbons€or€cleaning€solvents€that€have€a€refined€petroleumÏcut€component.€The€commenter€detailed€several€example€scenariosÏwhere€problems€are€likely€to€develop€in€trying€to€obtain€accurateÏinformation€on€hydrocarbon€content€of€cleaning€solvents.€€TheÏcommenter€recommended€the€following€changes€in€ðð63.750(a):€€ò òTheÏdata€shall€identify€all€components€of€the€cleaning€solvent€andÏshall€demonstrate€that€one€of€the€approved€compositionÏdefinitions€is€met.€€ó óIn€ðð63.750(b),€eliminate€the€markedÏsentence€in€paragraph€2:€...using€manufacturer's€supplied€dataò ò€orÏa€gas€chromatographic€analysis€in€accordance€with€ASTM€E26091Ï(incorporated€by€reference€as€specified€in€ðð63.14€of€subpartAÏof€this€part)€and€byó ó...€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€commenter's€argument€is€not€compelling€enoughÏto€justify€changing€the€NESHAP€requirements.€€Several€of€theÏindustry€suppliers€and€end„users€attended€and€participated€in€the€aerospace€roundtable€meetings€and€were€integral€contributors€andÏreviewers€of€the€requirements€in€the€final€rule.€€Knowing€this,Ïalong€with€no€other€comments€raised€on€this€issue,€leads€the€EPAÏto€believe€that€aerospace€facilities€and€their€cleaning€solventÏsuppliers€have€resolved€(or€are€working€on€resolving)€this€issue.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€asked€why€ðð63.752(b)(4)Ïrequires€monthly€cleaning€solvent€usage€records€at€each€operationÏand€a€list€of€the€processes€for€the€several€exempt€cleaningÏoperations.€€The€commenter€stated€such€requirements€are€wastefulÏand€serve€no€practical€utility€or€benefit€to€the€environment€andÏrecommended€it€be€deleted.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€included€the€recordkeepingÏrequirements€to€provide€enforcement€officials€with€someÏinformation€on€the€relative€amounts€of€these€cleaning€solventsÏused€in€the€various€exempt€cleaning€operations.€€With€severalÏprocess€steps€and€types€of€cleaning€operations€exempted,€it€wouldÏbe€very€easy€for€a€facility€to€include€nonexempt€cleaningÏoperations€and€use€nonapproved/noncompliant€cleaning€solvents.Ìà..àThis€issue€was€also€raised€in€comments€to€the€originalÏproposed€NESHAP€(June€6,€1994)€and€the€EPA€changed€theÏrecordkeeping€requirements€from€daily€to€monthly€in€response€toÏthose€comments€(see€13.6.1€in€BID€Volume€II).€€The€issue€ofÏ"practical€enforceability"€for€such€recordkeeping€requirementsÏwas€based€on€the€best€information€available€at€the€time.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€the€listing€of€aircraftÏparts€in€ðð63.752(e)(4)€and€the€listing€of€aircraft€parts€removedÏprior€to€depainting€in€ðð63.753(d)(1)(viii)€do€not,€in€any€way,Ïenhance€the€environmental€recordkeeping€requirements.€€Parts€mayÏbe€removed€from€an€aircraft€at€one€location€and€then€shipped€toÏanother€for€repair.€€If€EPA€decides€to€keep€these€requirements,€aÏfew€issues€need€to€be€addressed.€€First,€how€do€we€handleÏvariations€of€the€same€model?€€Do€we€need€a€list€for€each€subÏmodel?€€The€second€issue€concerns€low€volume€aircraft.€€Do€youÏwant€a€list€kept€for€sister€service€plans?€€These€requirementsÏare€labor€intensive€for€little€or€no€gain.€€The€commenterÏrecommended€deleting€these€requirements.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€included€the€recordkeepingÏrequirements€to€provide€enforcement€officials€with€someÏinformation€on€the€relative€number€of€parts€removed€from€eachÏtype€of€aircraft€prior€to€depainting€operations.€€The€final€ruleÏstates€that€this€listing€requirement€applies€to€each€type€ofÏaircraft,€not€each€individual€aircraft.€€For€most€facilities,Ïthis€minimizes€the€paperwork€burden€significantly.€€As€to€theÏcommenter's€issue€of€sub€models,€the€Agency's€interest€is€inÏdepainting€operations€and€emissions.€€If€the€same€parts,Ïsubassemblies,€and€assemblies€are€normally€removed€for€allÏaircraft€with€the€same€model€number,€a€single€listing€for€thatÏ"type"€of€aircraft€would€be€sufficient.€€The€commenter's€secondÏissue€concerning€low€volume€aircraft€is€specifically€addressed€inÏðð63.752(e)(4)€which€states:€"Prototype,€test€model€or€aircraftÏthat€exist€in€low€numbers€(i.e.,€less€than€25€aircraft€of€any€oneÏtype)€are€exempt€from€this€requirement."€Ìà..àThis€issue€was€also€raised€in€comments€to€the€originalÏproposed€NESHAP€(June€6,€1994)€and€the€EPA€continues€to€believeÏthat€monthly€records€are€a€reasonable€requirement€for€practicalÏenforceability€(see€13.8€in€BID€Volume€II)€of€the€NESHAP.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€asked€about€EPA's€intention€onÏthe€"reduction€of€monitoring€data"€in€ðð63.751(f).€€Is€the€intentÏthat€raw€data€need€not€be€recorded,€even€when€the€raw€data€areÏused€to€determine€a€"reduced"€parameter€which€is€required€to€beÏrecorded?€€As€specified€in€ðð63.751(f)(2),€all€emission€data€hasÏto€be€converted€into€units€specified€in€the€NESHAP€for€reportingÏpurposes.€Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Common€sense€should€apply.€€If€the€raw€data€areÏused€to€determine€the€parameter€to€be€recorded,€there€should€beÏsome€documented€supporting€data€for€those€person(s)€reviewingÏand/or€approving€the€information€to€determine€if€the€parameterÏwas€determined/calculated€properly.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€raised€several€concerns€withÏ"application€problems"€stating€the€NESHAP€applicationÏrequirements€are€ambiguous€and€create€several€uncertainties€as€to€which€NESHAP€is€relevant€to€specific€shop€functions.€€TheÏfollowing€example€needs€clarification:Ìà..à„„€aerosol€can€(or€pump€spray€container)€application€of€aÏvolatile€"cleaning€solvent"€under€pressure.€€There€are€severalÏissues€to€be€considered€in€determining€how/if/which€standard€isÏapplicable.€€The€commenter€also€provided€additional€detailsÏinvolving€other€examples€using€different€parts€that€the€cleaningÏsolvent€is€applied€to.Ìà..àòòResponse:óó€€The€EPA€spent€significant€time€and€resourcesÏdeveloping€an€emission€standard€which€it€believes€to€beÏenforceable.€€Numerous€State€and€local€regulatory€agencies€wereÏinvolved€in€the€development€of€the€standard.€€The€EPA€believesÏthat€the€standard,€as€promulgated,€provides€affected€sources€andÏState€and€local€agencies€with€enforceable€requirements.€€SpecificÏquestions€on€application€issues€such€as€the€ones€raised€by€theÏcommenter€should€be€taken€up€with€the€appropriate€region€orÏdelegated€State€authority.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€asked€what€constitutesÏequivalent€emission€control?€€Consider€a€situation€where€a€baseÏused€a€small€ultrasonic€cleaning€tank€(five€gallons)€containingÏcleaning€solvent€to€clean€aircraft€instrument€parts.€€DoesÏðð63.744(d)€require€the€base€to€pour€in€five€gallons€of€solvent,Ïturn€on€the€ultrasonics,€wait€a€half€hour€to€degas,€clean€theÏpart€for€three€minutes,€and€then€pour€it€all€back€into€a€closedÏcan?€€Consider€all€the€solvent€lost€in€the€pouring€back€andÏforth.€€If€the€base€has€a€lid€on€the€tank,€is€this€"equivalentÏemission€control?"Ìà..àMaybe€the€approach€should€be€to€target€total€emissions€fromÏany€cleaning€tank€or€cleaning€line€(machine€or€manual).€€LossesÏfrom€either€evaporation€or€drag„out€should€be€the€target.€€VaporÏpressure€limits€provide€significant€controls€on€evaporation,€onlyÏif€the€unevaporated€portion€does€not€enter€the€environment.€ÏDrag„out€or€carry„over€of€cleaner€enters€the€environment€eitherÏin€a€rinse€waste€stream,€evaporation€from€the€rinse€process€(if€aÏhot€rinse),€or€just€plain€evaporation€from€the€part.€€The€loss€from€the€latter€is€fixed€by€the€carry„over,€not€the€vaporÏpressure.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€does€not€agree€that€the€describedÏsituation€(i.e.,€solvent€cleaning€process)€would€be€subject€toÏthe€flush€cleaning€requirements€in€ðð€63.744(d).€€Such€operationsÏare€more€likely€to€be€covered€under€the€degreasing€NESHAP.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€many€cleaning€solventÏmanufacturers€refuse€to€give€information€on€the€exact€componentsÏof€their€proprietary€products.€€These€components€can€have€aÏsubstantial€effect€on€the€vapor€pressure€of€component€solventsÏwhich€is€not€€reflected€in€the€formula.€€Section63.750(a)Ïrequires€detailed€composition€reporting,€but€does€not€provide€aÏde€minimis€reporting€level.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€De€minimis€levels€on€the€HAP€content€of€cleaningÏsolvents€were€included€in€the€proposed€and€final€amendments€toÏthe€NESHAP€and€are€specified€in€ðð€63.741(f).Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€noted€that€the€formula€inÏðð63.750(b)€does€not€apply€to€emulsions,€multi„phase€products,Ïand€solutions€having€a€large€amount€of€nonvolatile€surfactants,Ïdetergents,€emulsifiers€and/or€wetting€agents,€or€to€nonidealÏmixtures.€€We€suggest€that€a€scientifically€valid€test€method€beÏdeveloped€to€clarify€the€rule.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Based€on€the€information€collected€from€industryÏsources€and€the€related€discussion€at€the€roundtable€meetings,Ïthe€Agency€does€not€think€this€is€a€major€technical€issue,€norÏdoes€it€think€such€issues€will€have€a€significant€impact€on€theÏfacilities€that€will€have€to€comply€with€the€NESHAP€or€theÏresulting€emissions.€€The€EPA€believes€that€the€standard,€asÏpromulgated,€provides€affected€sources€and€State€and€localÏagencies€with€enforceable€requirements.€€Additionally,€ðð€63.7(f)Ïprovides€the€owner€or€operator€of€an€affected€source€with€theÏflexibility€to€use€any€alternative€test€method€they€want€as€longÏas€it€is€submitted€and€approved€by€the€appropriate€region€orÏdelegated€State€authority.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€suggested€an€allowableÏequivalent€test€method€to€measure€the€vapor€pressure€of€mixtures€where€the€vapor€pressure€and€molecular€weight€of€one€or€moreÏcomponents€are€unknown,€or€where€the€mixture€is€nonideal,€orÏwhere€the€manufacturer€claims€proprietary€composition.Ìà..àAn€appropriate€test€method€may€have€to€be€developed,€sinceÏexisting€vapor€pressure€measurement€methods€are€based€on€pureÏliquids€in€which€the€vapor€pressure€does€not€change€as€aÏproportion€of€the€sample€is€vaporized.€€In€the€case€of€cleaningÏsolvent€mixtures,€the€vapor€pressure€will€decrease€significantlyÏas€a€portion€of€the€sample€is€vaporized.€€The€effect€is€major€forÏthe€"contact€cleaners"€in€aerosol€cans.€€The€liquid€on€theÏsurface,€or€on€a€wiping€cloth,€is€significantly€different€inÏcomposition€from€the€"in„can"€composition€reported€by€theÏmanufacturer.Ìà..àOne€feasible€test€concept€would€be€to€analyze€the€initialÏvapor€for€composition.€€Based€on€the€assumption€of€ideal€behaviorÏof€the€vapor€(as€a€gas€at€low€pressure,€which€is€a€more€validÏassumption€than€that€of€a€liquid)€and€that€current€GC/MSÏinstruments€can€deal€with€and€identify€the€components€in€veryÏsmall€samples,€partial€pressures€of€the€components€could€beÏcalculated€and€the€partial€pressures€of€the€VOC's€in€the€vaporÏsummed€up€to€obtain€the€initial€total€VOC€partial€pressure.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Based€on€the€information€collected€from€industryÏsources€and€the€related€discussion€at€the€roundtable€meetings,Ïthe€Agency€does€not€think€this€is€a€major€technical€issue,€norÏdoes€it€think€such€issues€will€have€a€significant€impact€on€theÏfacilities€that€will€have€to€comply€with€the€NESHAP€or€theÏresulting€emissions.€€The€EPA€believes€that€the€standard,€asÏpromulgated,€provides€affected€sources€and€State€and€localÏagencies€with€enforceable€requirements.€€Additionally,€ðð€63.7(f)Ïprovides€the€owner€or€operator€of€an€affected€source€with€theÏflexibility€to€use€any€alternative€test€method€they€want€as€longÏas€it€is€submitted€and€approved€by€the€appropriate€region€orÏdelegated€State€authority.€€Ìòòà..àComment:óó€€Commenter€VI-B-63€mentioned€that€in€ðð63.742,€theÏsemiaqueous€cleaning€solvent€definition,€there€are€industrialÏcleaning€materials€and€processes€that€do€not€fit€the€definition,€but€which€do€reduce€emissions.€€This€problem€needs€to€beÏacknowledged€and€addressed.€€The€problem€occurs€when€using€anÏAXAREL€52€a€semiaqueous€(as€stated€by€DuPont,€the€manufacturer)Ïcleaning€solvent.€€The€cleaning€tank€contains€100percentÏAXAREL52€and€no€water€and€is€open.€€The€rinse€tank€is€all€water,Ïin€which€the€drag„out€of€the€AXAREL€52€is€removed€from€the€part.€ÏThe€AXAREL€52€floats€to€the€surface€in€this€tank€and€is€skimmedÏoff.€€This€process€does€not€fit€the€NESHAP€definition,€but€fitsÏthe€ðð63.744(d)€description€as€an€exception.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Based€on€the€information€provided€by€theÏcommenter,€it€appears€that€even€though€AXAREL€is€defined€byÏDuPont€as€a€semiaqueous,€it€does€not€meet€the€definition€in€theÏNESHAP€(i.e.,€a€solution€in€which€water€is€a€primary€ingredient„„¼at€least€60percent€water)€and€therefore€does€not€meet€theÏexclusion€of€semiaqueous€cleaning€solvents€mentioned€inÏðð63.744(d).Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€asked€what€the€visual€continuityÏcheck€for€waterwash€system€mean?€€Is€there€some€guideline€or€isÏit€subjective€to€the€person€responsible€for€monitoring€theÏsystem?€€Any€small€break€in€the€water€curtain€would€passÏoverspray€up€the€stack.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€does€not€have€the€necessaryÏinformation€to€provide€guidelines€on€visual€continuity€checks.€ÏSuch€criteria€should€be€included€as€part€of€the€source's€Ïoperating€and€maintenance€(O/M)€plan€or€operating€permitÏapplication€and€submitted€to€the€proper€authorities€forÏreview/approval.€€Additionally,€ðð€63.8(f)€provides€the€owner€orÏoperator€of€an€affected€source€with€the€flexibility€to€use€anyÏalternative€monitoring€method€they€want€as€long€as€it€isÏsubmitted€and€approved€by€the€appropriate€region€or€delegatedÏState€authority.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-48€asked€if€maintenance€proceduresÏfor€waterwash€systems€includes€having€to€record€and€note€(on€aÏdaily€basis)€any€chemical€additives€necessary€for€a€waterwashÏoperation€along€with€the€required€visual€continuity/flowÏcharacteristics€check?Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€does€not€have€the€necessaryÏinformation€to€provide€guidance€on€waterwash€systems€and€theÏnecessary/required€recordkeeping€requirements.€€Such€criteriaÏshould€be€included€as€part€of€the€source's€operating€andÏmaintenance€(O/M)€plan€or€operating€permit€application€andÏsubmitted€to€the€proper€authorities€for€review/approval.€ÌÔ  ÔÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.7Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝSPECIALTY€COATING€DEFINITIONSÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-52€and€VI-B-63)€questionedÏthe€last€sentence€of€the€definition€of€"Electric€or€radiation„¼effect€coating"€as€being€unclear.€€Did€the€EPA€intend€to€exemptÏ"classified"€coatings€from€the€provisions€of€this€subpart€and€notÏfrom€the€definition€itself?€€Suggested€wording€was€provided€byÏthe€commenters.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€that€the€word€"as"€needs€to€beÏadded€to€the€definition.€€The€revised€definition€in€Appendix€A€ofÏthe€amended€final€rule€is:€€Ìà0..àÓÓò òElectric€or€radiation„effect€coatingó 󀄀A€coating€or€coatingÏsystem€engineered€to€interact,€through€absorption€orÏreflection,€with€specific€regions€of€the€electromagneticÏenergy€spectrum,€such€as€the€ultraviolet,€visible,€infrared,Ïor€microwave€regions.€€Uses€include,€but€are€not€limited€to,Ïlightning€strike€protection,€electromagnetic€pulse€(EMP)Ïprotection,€and€radar€avoidance.€€Coatings€that€have€beenÏdesignated€as€"classified"€by€the€Department€of€Defense€areÏexempt.Ó€Ó€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€requested€that€self„primingÏtopcoats€be€included€in€ðð63.745(f)(2)€of€the€final€rule€to€beÏconsistent€with€the€NESHAP€rules.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€hasÏadded€parenthetical€text€in€the€final€amendments€clarifying€thatÏself„priming€topcoats€are€included€as€topcoats.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-63€stated€that€pretreatmentÏcoatings€defined€in€appendix€A€to€subpart€GG€includes€coatingsÏused€on€composite€radomes€for€adhesion€and€ease€of€stripping.€ÏThe€epoxy€primer€is€more€difficult€to€remove,€which€results€inÏdamage€to€the€radome€when€removing€the€coating€system.€€TheÏpretreatment€coating€definition€needs€to€be€modified€to€allow€forÏthe€use€of€this€coating€on€composites.€€If€the€pretreatment€coating€definition€is€not€changed,€then€a€low€VOC€primer€may€beÏrequired.€€This€change€to€a€low€VOC€epoxy€primer€could€result€inÏexcessive€damage€to€the€radomes€as€the€coating€system€is€removed.€ÏRecommend€that€the€definition€be€changed€to:€€òòPretreatmentÏcoatingóó€means€an€organic€coating€that€contains€at€least€0.5Ïpercent€acids€by€weight€and€is€applied€directly€to€metal€orÏcomposite€surfaces€to€provide€surface€etching,€corrosionÏresistance,€adhesion,€and€ease€of€stripping.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€in€thatÏpretreatment€coatings€are€used€on€composites€and€has€modified€theÏdefinition€as€suggested.€ÌÔ  ÔÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.8Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝCTG€ISSUESÌà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-56's€Southern€California€operationsÏhave€identified€a€small€number€of€extrudable/rollable/brushableÏsealants€currently€in€use€that€have€VOC€contents€>€240€g/L.€€OfÏmost€concern€is€Courtaulds€Aerospace€Products€PR„1436„G€E„2Ïcorrosion€inhibiting€sealant€which€is€used,€in€a€brush€onÏapplication,€on€the€commenter's€€747€program.€€(The€otherÏmaterials€are€low€enough€usage€to€qualify€for€low€usageÏexemptions.)€€The€PR„1436€product€has€268€g/L€VOC€and€theÏexpected€usage€for€1996€at€facilities€in€Southern€California€isÏ95€gallons.€€In€order€to€continue€using€this€material€as€theÏcommenter€has€for€the€past€10€years,€the€commenter€requested€thatÏthe€allowable€VOC€limit€for€extrudable/rollable/†brushableÏsealants€be€increased€to€300€g/L.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Since€the€specialty€coating€limits€are€meant€toÏreflect€baseline€levels€and€will€have€no€significant€impact€onÏemission€reductions,€the€Agency€raised€the€VOC€limit€to€280€g/LÏ(2.3€pounds/gallon)€in€the€final€CTG€document.€€The€280€g/L€limitÏwas€selected€(instead€of€the€300g/L)€based€on€the€commenter'sÏdata€as€to€what€is€being€used€and€is€readily€available.€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-53€and€VI-B-59)€expressedÏconcern€with€the€excessively€broad€definitions€for€certainÏspecialty€coatings€and€their€VOC€limits€in€the€CTG.€€CommenterÏVI-B-53€requested€that€EPA€clarify€the€specialty€coatingsÏdefinitions€to€ensure€consistent€field€implementation.€€In€addition,€commenter€VI-B-59€stated€several€specialty€coatingsÏused€by€the€aerospace€companies€located€in€San€Diego€County€areÏnot€included€in€the€proposed€model€rule€(in€the€CTG).Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-59€also€raised€several€other€concernsÏinvolving:€Clear€Coating€(VOC€limit€720€g/L)€„€Considering€thatÏthere€are€clear€coatings€available€for€application€to€metals€orÏpreviously€coated€colored€surfaces€that€comply€with€a€general€VOCÏlimit€for€topcoats€of€420€g/L,€the€District€recommends€that€thisÏdefinition€be€narrowed€to€allow€only€specific€types€of€clearÏcoatings€with€some€precisely€defined,€unique€specified€propertiesÏto€be€qualified€under€this€category.€€Otherwise,€it€should€beÏdeleted€from€the€proposal.Ìà..àLacquer€(VOC€limit€830€g/L)€„€The€proposed€definition€is€aÏtextbook€definition€of€lacquers€which€simply€states€that€theseÏcoatings€are€polymer€solutions€rather€than€emulsions€orÏdispersions.€€There€is€no€mention€of€any€special€requirementsÏwhich€would€justify€the€VOC€limit€being€higher€than€the€one€usedÏin€other€industries.€€The€District€recommends€that€thisÏdefinition€be€revised€by€specifying€what€special€properties€areÏrequired€for€the€aerospace€industry€or€reduce€the€VOC€limit€toÏ680€g/L€to€be€consistent€with€the€current€lacquer€VOC€standardsÏused€for€wood€and€architectural€coatings.Ìà..àSpecialized€Function€Coating€(VOC€limit€890€g/L)€„€TheÏcommenter€acknowledged€that€it€is€difficult€to€provideÏdefinitions€for€all€specialized€coatings€used€in€the€aerospaceÏindustry.€€The€definition€does€not€specify€what€"limitedÏapplication"€means€and€what€amount€of€coatings€represents€"lowÏvolume€usage."€€It€also€does€not€identify€what€constitutesÏ"extremely€specific€engineering€requirements."€€The€suggestedÏlanguage€in€this€definition€is€too€vague€and€creates€a€hugeÏloophole€in€the€proposed€model€rule.€€The€commenter€recommendedÏdeleting€the€proposed€definition€and€including€an€additionalÏprovision€for€small€usage€coatings.€€This€provision€would€exemptÏcoatings€used€in€volumes€not€exceeding€the€larger€of€theÏfollowing:€€200€gallons€per€year€for€all€such€coatings,€or€aÏspecified€percentage€of€volume,€as€applied,€or€all€aerospace€coatings€used€at€a€facility.€€This€percentage€should€beÏdetermined€on€a€case„by„case€basis€and€should€not€represent€moreÏthan€5percent€of€the€total€emissions€from€all€aerospace€coatingsÏapplied€at€the€facility.Ìà..àCommenter€VI-B-59€also€suggested€that€the€followingÏspecialty€coatings€categories€and€the€corresponding€definitionsÏand€VOC€limits€be€added€to€the€proposed€model€rule:Ìà..à„€Bearing€Coating€(VOC€limit€620€g/L),Ìà..à„€Dry€Lubricative€Materials€for€nonfastener€lubrication€(VOCÏlimit€880€g/L),€and€Ìà..à„€Caulking€and€Smoothing€Compounds€(VOC€limit€850€g/L).Ì(Example€definitions€were€also€provided€for€these€categories.)Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€These€issues€involving€various€specialty€coatingÏdefinitions€and€VOC€content€limits€have€been€the€cause€of€muchÏdiscussion€and€disagreement€between€industry€representatives€andÏState€and€local€enforcement€agencies.€€Since€the€specialtyÏcoating€limits€are€meant€to€reflect€baseline€levels€nationwideÏand€will€have€no€significant€impact€on€emission€reductions,€theÏAgency€has€decided€to€add€the€three€additional€categoriesÏsuggested€by€commenter€VI-B-59€with€the€suggested€limits€andÏmaintain€the€proposed€definitions€and€VOC€content€limits€thatÏwere€included€in€the€draft€CTG€document.€€The€Agency€has€notÏcollected€sufficient€data€to€determine€a€volume€which€representsÏsmall€usage€coatings.€€Each€State€or€local€agency€may€determineÏwhat€levels€are€appropriate€for€small€volume€usage€of€specialtyÏcoatings.€€Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-61€suggested€the€following€changesÏto€the€CTG€hand„wipe€solvent€cleaning€requirements€to€bring€theÏCTG€in€conformity€with€the€revised€NESHAP:€delete€the€wordsÏ"nonabsorbent,€nonleaking"€from€the€CTG€and€model€rule€(so€thatÏstate€regulators€are€not€encouraged€to€impose€standards€that€areÏimpossible€to€achieve).Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€has€madeÏthe€appropriate€changes€to€the€final€CTG€document€to€beÏconsistent€with€the€NESHAP.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-62€suggested€modifying€theÏpresumptive€RACT€requirements€in€Section€4.0€of€the€CTG.€€ManyÏspace€program€manufacturing€and€rework€operations€are€located€inÏareas€which€are€currently€designated€as€nonattainment.€€SinceÏoperations€in€these€areas€will€be€subject€to€both€the€CTG€and€theÏNESHAP€requirements,€it€is€important€to€maintain€consistencyÏbetween€the€two€rules.€€The€NESHAP€includes,€but€exempts,€spaceÏoperations€from€all€restrictions€except€those€for€depaintingÏoperations.€€Since€the€aerospace€CTG€does€not€address€paintÏremoval,€it€seems€to€make€sense€to€include,€but€exempt,€spaceÏoperations€in€all€CTG€requirements€in€order€to€avoid€confusion€asÏto€the€applicability€of€the€CTG.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€Agency€agrees€with€the€commenter€and€hasÏmodified€the€appropriate€section€of€the€final€CTG€document.€ÌÔ  ÔÝ‚ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚ÝÔ  ÔÔ2Ô2.9Ô3  Ô€€Ý  ÝMETHOD€319Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Three€commenters€(VI-B-51,€VI-B-54,€and€VI-B-55)Ïraised€several€issues€related€to€proposed€Method€319.€€TheÏproposed€Method€319€is€very€similar€to€another€test€method€EPAÏpublished€as€a€proposed€test€method€in€1993€and€cited€as€aÏreference€in€the€proposed€Method€319.€€Commenter€VI-B-55Ïcommented€on€that€test€method€in€a€letter€dated€November€22,€1993Ï(a€copy€of€that€letter€was€attached)€and€stated€those€sameÏcomments€are€equally€applicable€to€the€proposed€Method319.€ÏCommenterVI-B-55€disagreed€that€Method€319€is€a€valid€test€toÏevaluate€the€performance€of€paint€overspray€filters€stating€it€isÏtechnically€flawed€as€was€the€1993€proposed€test€method.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€proposed€test€method€is€based€on€severalÏyears€of€work€performed€for€EPA€and€began€with€an€exploratoryÏstudy,€QA€level€IV,€to€determine€the€general€magnitude€at€whichÏrespirable„sized€overspray€particles€may€penetrate€paintÏarrestors.€€This€study€was€performed€under€Cooperative€AgreementÏ(No.CR817083-01-0)€with€EPA€and€was€completed€in€early€1994.€ÏThe€test€methodology€was€based€on€that€successfully€used€forÏseveral€years€to€quantify€the€aerosol€penetration€of€ventilationÏfilters€performed€under€a€series€of€Cooperative€Agreements€withÏEPA€at€QA€levelIII€and€under€a€research€contract€with€the€American€Society€of€Heating,€Refrigerating,€and€Air„ConditioningÏEngineers€(ASHRAE).€€Building€on€the€experience€gained€on€theÏexploratory€program€and€the€ventilation€filter€programs,€a€QAÏlevelII€program€was€undertaken€in€1994„1995€to€measure€theÏfiltration€efficiency€of€five€types€of€paint€arrestors€for€aÏliquid„phase€challenge€aerosol.Ìà..àIn€1995,€the€EPA€defined€the€level€of€MACT€for€two„€andÏthree„stage€paint€overspray€arrestors.€€In€close€cooperation€andÏcoordination€with€EPA,€tests€of€the€MACT€arrestors€were€conductedÏin€late€1995€under€contract€with€the€Aerospace€IndustryÏAssociation€and€a€commercial€manufacturer€to€define€theÏfiltration€efficiency€of€the€paint€arrestors€determined€by€EPA€toÏrepresent€MACT.€€These€data€were€then€used€by€EPA€to€set€theÏminimum€filtration€efficiency€requirements€for€existing€and€newÏfacilities.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Three€commenters€(VI„B„51,€VI„B„54,€and€VI-B-55)Ïtook€issue€with€the€use€of€substitute€materials€for€Method319.€ÏThe€commenters€stated€there€is€no€correlation€between€physicalÏcharacteristics€and€paint€particles€are€almost€spherical€in€shapeÏdespite€the€particle€size,€while€KCl€and€oleic€acid€do€notÏproduce€round€droplets.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€Method€319€will€retain€use€of€oleic€acid€and€KClÏchallenge€aerosols.€€Over€the€0.3€to€10€ð%ðm€diameter€size€range,Ïcollection€of€paint€overspray€in€arrestors€arises€primarily€fromÏthe€filtration€processes€of€inertial€impaction€and€interception.€ÏImpaction€occurs€when€the€inertia€of€the€particle€causes€it€toÏimpact€the€collection€surface€of€the€arrestor€(e.g.,€a€fiber€of€aÏfilter)€as€the€airflow€stream€line€it€was€following€changesÏcourse€abruptly€to€flow€around€the€collection€surface.€ÏInterception€occurs€when€the€airflow€streamline€the€particle€isÏfollowing€comes€within€one€particle€radius€of€the€collectionÏsurface€resulting€in€contact€between€the€particle€and€arrestor.€ÏIdeally,€when€a€particle€contacts€the€collection€surface,€it€willÏbe€captured.€€However,€if€the€adhesion€between€the€particle€andÏthe€collection€surface€is€weak,€the€particle€may€be€re„entrainedÏin€the€airflow€and€pass€through€the€arrestor.€€This€is€often€referred€to€descriptively€as€"particle€bounce."€€Both€impactionÏand€interception€are€dependent€upon€the€adhesion€between€theÏparticle€and€collection€surface.€€The€combination€of€dryÏcollection€surfaces€and€a€dry€particle€will€tend€to€have€theÏleast€adhesion€while€having€the€particle€and/or€collectionÏsurface€wet€will€tend€to€increase€adhesion.Ìà..àWhen€overspray€droplets€reach€the€paint€arrestor€in€aÏpainting€facility,€they€can€be€wet,€tacky,€or€completely€dry.€ÏAlso,€the€arrestor€itself€may€be€wet€from€paint€collection,Ïtacky,€or€dry.€€Thus,€the€actual€condition€for€the€particle„¼collector€interaction€can€range€from€dry„dry€to€wet„wet.Ìà..àThe€reason€for€using€oleic€acid€and€potassium€chloride€(KCl)Ïis€to€span€this€range€of€particle„collector€adhesion.€€The€KClÏinteracts€with€the€arrestor€as€a€dry€overspray€would,€i.e.,€withÏrelatively€low€adhesion.€€The€oleic€acid€interacts€with€theÏarrestor€as€a€wet€overspray€particle€would,€i.e.,€with€relativelyÏhigh€adhesion.€€While€other€liquid„€and€solid„phase€materialÏcould€have€been€chosen,€oleic€acid€and€KCl€were€selected€becauseÏthey€are€safe€materials€and€have€properties€that€are€compatibleÏwith€accurate€size€measurement€by€the€optical€particle€counterÏ(OPC)€(i.e.,€they€are€nonlight„absorbing€and€have€compact€shapesÏof€spherical€for€oleic€acid€droplets€and€cubic€or€cubic€clustersÏfor€KCl).€€The€use€of€KCl€is€consistent€with€ASHRAE's€fractionalÏefficiency€standard€for€ventilation€filters€(ASHRAE€StandardÏ52.2P).€€Like€Method219,€the€ASHRAE€method€uses€KCl€to€simulateÏa€dry€challenge€aerosol.Ìà..àActual€paint€was€not€selected€because:€€(a)€paint€containsÏvolatile€compounds€which€result€in€changes€in€particle€sizeÏbetween€the€upstream€and€downstream€sample€probe€locations€andÏpossibly€between€the€probe€location€and€the€particle€counterÏmeasurement€chamber;€(b)€the€multi„component€nature€of€paintÏdroplets€(containing€suspended€pigments€and€volatile€carriers)Ïmay€lead€to€inaccurate€size€measurement€by€the€optical€particleÏcounter;€(c)the€volatile€components€of€paint€require€greaterÏcare€by€the€test€laboratory€relative€to€room€ventilation€andÏtreatment€of€test€duct€exhaust;€(d)€as€with€oleic€acid€and€KCl,€even€with€actual€paint€at€least€two€types€would€be€required€toÏprovide€a€liquid„phase€and€solid„phase€challenge€aerosol;€andÏ(e)the€collection€efficiency€for€a€given€particle€due€toÏimpaction€and€interception€is€not€related€to€the€chemical€contentÏof€the€particle€but€rather€to€its€physical€characteristics€ofÏphase€(liquid€or€solid)€and€aerodynamic€diameter.€€Thus,Ïparticles€other€than€actual€paint€particles€may€be€reliably€usedÏso€long€as€they€are€of€equivalent€phase€and€aerodynamic€diameter.Ìà..àBy€selecting€oleic€acid€and€KCl€as€simulants€for€wet€and€dryÏoverspray,€the€amount€of€testing€needed€is€reduced€because€onlyÏtwo€challenge€materials€are€used,€particle€sizing€accuracy€isÏmaintained,€and€safety€and€handling€issues€associated€withÏvolatile€paint€components€are€avoided.Ìà..àIt€is€also€important€to€note€that€because€the€efficiency€isÏbeing€determined€by€the€ratio€of€downstream€to€upstreamÏconcentration€measurements€made€as€a€function€of€particle€size,Ïthe€size€distribution€of€the€challenge€aerosol€is€not€ofÏimportance€(other€than€providing€sufficient€concentration€ofÏparticles€over€the€measurement€range€0.3€to€10ð%ðm).€€This€differsÏfrom€gravimetric€approaches€where€the€size€distribution€has€aÏstrong€influence€on€the€weight€percent€captured€by€the€arrestor.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Two€commenters€(VI-B-54€and€VI-B-55)€stated€theÏNESHAP€as€proposed,€will€have€a€significant€economic€impact€onÏsmall€businesses€in€that€filter€manufacturers€will€be€required€toÏtest€all€of€the€different€filters€that€are€sold€to€the€aerospaceÏindustry,€particularly€if€they€are€required€to€certify€completeÏfiltering€systems€which€include€products€they€do€not€manufactureÏor€market€(i.e.,€combined€multi„stage€filtration€systems).€€TheÏcommenters€went€on€to€explain€that€they€have€been€working€sinceÏ1992€to€develop€a€test€method,€using€paint,€that€will€give€theÏfractional€efficiency€of€their€filters.€€Earlier€this€year,€theÏcommenters€reached€an€agreement€with€an€independent€commercialÏtesting€laboratory€and€the€testing€should€be€commerciallyÏavailable€during€the€first€quarter€of€1997.€€The€commenter€askedÏif€a€better€method€is€available,€should€not€the€EPA€take€time€andÏeffort€to€evaluate€it?Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€NESHAP€has€been€revised€such€that€for€a€paintÏarrestor€system€or€subsystem€which€has€been€tested€by€thisÏmethod,€adding€additional€filtration€devices€to€the€system€orÏsubsystem€shall€be€assumed€to€result€in€an€efficiency€of€at€leastÏthat€of€the€original€system€without€the€requirement€forÏadditional€testing.€€Thus,€a€manufacturer€of€a€"first€stage"Ïpaint€arrestor€(i.e.,€the€stage€that€collects€the€gross€oversprayÏparticles€and€provides€"protection"€to€a€subsequent€stage€orÏstages)€would€not€be€required€to€test€his€product€so€long€as€itÏwas€used€in€conjunction€with€a€certified€downstream€arrestorÏsystem.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-54€stated€that€the€proposed€testÏmethod€for€determining€filtration€efficiency€does€notÏdifferentiate€between€"paint€overspray€arrestor"€filters€andÏ"particulate"€filters.€€They€are€very€different€and€if€the€AgencyÏis€to€achieve€its€stated€objectives,€it€must€promulgate€rulesÏthat€address€the€real€challenges€of€the€marketplace.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€NESHAP€retains€equal€requirements€for€"paintÏoverspray€arrestors"€and€"particulate"€filters.€€The€AgencyÏacknowledges€that€filters€designed€to€capture€dry€particles€mayÏdiffer€from€those€designed€exclusively€to€capture€wet€particles.€ÏHowever,€this€does€not€preclude€applying€the€same€filtrationÏspecifications€to€both€and,€in€terms€of€emission€control,€it€isÏreasonable€to€do€so.€€Also,€while€the€paint€spray€consists€ofÏliquid„phase€droplets€in€the€immediate€vicinity€of€the€objectÏbeing€painted,€the€overspray€may€become€dry€by€the€time€itÏreaches€the€arrestors;€this€will€depend€on€the€size€of€theÏbooth/hangar€and€the€drying€speed€of€the€paint€droplets.€€BecauseÏof€the€potential€for€the€overspray€to€be€dry€when€it€interactsÏwith€the€arrestor,€both€liquid€and€solid€phase€tests€areÏrequired.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-51€reiterated€that€an€opticalÏparticle€counter€was€proposed€as€a€method€to€measure€particleÏsize€distribution;€and€the€proposed€number€of€channels€is€12.€ÏFor€all€practical€purposes,€5€to€8€channels€are€well€suited€forÏclassifying€particle€size€distribution€for€filter€testing.€€The€problem€of€particle€generation€will€require€more€time€and€effortÏto€generate€enough€numbers€of€large€particles€to€satisfy€theÏaccurate€measurement€of€the€optical€particle€counter.ÌÔ  Ôà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€filtration€efficiency€of€paint€arrestors€(andÏfilters€in€general)€often€exhibit€rapidly€changing€efficiency€asÏparticle€size€changes.€€To€maintain€sufficient€resolution€withÏrespect€to€particle€size,€the€method€retains€the€requirement€forÏa€minimum€of€12particle„sizing€channels.€€This€specification€isÏalso€consistent€with€the€requirements€of€ASHRAE€Standard52.2P.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Commenter€VI-B-51€also€raised€the€issue€ofÏaerodynamic€diameter.€€If€real€paint€particles€are€used€in€theÏtest,€aerodynamic€diameter€is€not€necessary.€€The€reason€is€thatÏaerodynamic€is€used€to€account€for€nonspherical€or€odd€shapedÏparticles;€and€paint€particles€are€almost€spherical.€€Also,€theÏuse€of€KCl€particles,€which€are€not€spherical,€demands€the€use€ofÏaerodynamic€diameter.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€method€retains€the€use€of€aerodynamicÏdiameter€as€the€means€of€reporting€particle€size.€€For€theÏparticle€size€range€from€0.3€to€10ð%ðm€diameter,€particleÏimpaction€is€often€the€dominant€collection€mechanism.€€BecauseÏimpaction€is€independent€upon€the€aerodynamic€diameter,Ïaerodynamic€diameter€was€chosen€as€the€means€of€reportingÏparticle€size.Ìà..àòòCommentóó:€€Three€commenters€(VI-B-51,€VI„B„54,€and€VI-B-55)Ïquestioned€the€test€rig€used€in€proposed€Method€319€stating:€€Ìà..à„„€€the€design€of€the€test€duct€involving€the€180ð$ð€bend€mustÏaccelerate€the€loss€of€particles€to€the€outside€wall€of€the€bend;Ìà..à„„€€the€blower€should€not€be€located€after€the€HEPA€filter;Ìà..à„„€€the€test€duct€has€an€unnecessarily€long€length;€€Ìà..à„„€€the€upstream€and€downstream€sampling€locations€are€tooÏfar€away€from€the€test€filter;€and€€Ìà..à„„€€there€should€be€a€final€filter€installed€at€the€exhaustÏof€the€test€duct.Ìà..àòòResponseóó:€€The€method€has€been€revised€to€allow€additionalÏflexibility€for€alternate€duct€configurations.€€The€180ð$ð€bend€inÏthe€duct€has€been€made€optional€thereby€allowing€use€of€a€straight€duct.€€Also€the€measurement€procedures€have€been€revisedÏto€allow€the€use€of€two€particle€counters€to€allow€simultaneousÏsampling€(one€sampling€upstream€and€one€sampling€downstream).€ÏThe€two€counters€must€be€closely€matched€in€flow€rate€and€opticalÏdesign€(e.g.,€the€same€brand).€€To€compensate€for€possible€bias,Ïand€changes€in€bias,€between€the€two€particle€counters,€eachÏindividual€arrestor€test€begins€with€a€100percent€penetrationÏtest€(i.e.,€a€no„filter€test)€followed€immediately€by€theÏarrestor€test.€€This€same€100€percent€penetration€test€alsoÏcompensates€for€possible€bias€resulting€from€particle€losses€inÏthe€test€duct.Ìà..àSections€6.1.2€and€6.5€of€the€amended€rule€were€changed€toÏread€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8..à6.1.2€€The€configuration€and€dimensions€of€the€duct€canÏdeviate€from€those€of€Figure€319„1€provided€that€theÏfollowing€key€elements€are€maintained:€€the€test€ductÏmust€meet€the€criteria€specified€in€Table€319„1;€theÏinlet€air€is€HEPA€filtered;€the€blower€is€on€theÏupstream€side€of€the€duct€thereby€creating€a€positiveÏpressure€in€the€duct€relative€to€the€surrounding€room;Ïthe€challenge€air€has€a€temperature€between€50€andÏ100ð$ðF€and€relative€humidity€of€less€than€70percent;Ïthe€angle€of€the€upstream€transition€(if€used)€to€theÏpaint€arrestor€must€not€exceed€7ð$ð;€the€angle€of€theÏdownstream€transition€(if€used)€from€the€paint€arrestorÏmust€not€exceed€30ð$ð;€the€test€duct€must€provide€a€meansÏfor€mixing€the€challenge€aerosol€with€the€upstream€flowÏ(in€lieu€of€any€mixing€device,€a€duct€length€of€15ductÏdiameters€fulfills€this€requirement);€the€test€ductÏmust€provide€a€means€for€mixing€any€penetrating€aerosolÏwith€the€downstream€flow€(in€lieu€of€any€mixing€device,Ïa€duct€length€of€15duct€diameters€fulfills€thisÏrequirement);€the€test€section€must€provide€a€secureÏand€leak„free€mounting€for€single€and€multiple€stageÏarrestors;€and€the€test€duct€may€utilize€a€180ð$ð€bend€inÏthe€downstream€duct.ÌÌà8..à6.5€€Aerosol€Sampling€System.€€The€upstream€andÏdownstream€sample€lines€must€be€made€of€rigidÏelectrically„grounded€metallic€tubing€having€a€smoothÏinside€surface,€and€they€must€be€rigidly€secured€toÏprevent€movement€during€testing.€€The€upstream€andÏdownstream€samples€lines€are€to€be€nominally€identicalÏin€geometry.€€The€use€of€a€short€length€(100mmÏmaximum)€of€straight€flexible€tubing€to€make€the€finalÏconnection€to€the€OPC€is€acceptable.€€The€inlet€nozzlesÏof€the€upstream€and€downstream€probes€must€be€sharp„ºedged€and€of€appropriate€entrance€diameter€to€maintainÏisokinetic€sampling€within€20percent€of€the€airÏvelocity.ÌÌà8..à6.5.1€€The€sampling€system€may€be€designed€to€acquireÏthe€upstream€and€downstream€samples€using€(a)sequenƒ¼tial€upstream„downstream€sampling€with€a€single€OPC,Ï(b)simultaneous€upstream€and€downstream€sampling€withÏtwo€OPC's,€or€(c)sequential€upstream„downstreamÏsampling€with€two€OPC's.ÌÌà8..à6.5.2€€When€two€particle€counters€are€used€to€acquireÏthe€upstream€and€downstream€counts,€they€must€beÏclosely€matched€in€flowrate€and€optical€design.ÇÑ#€  Xd#ÑÑ ° ÑÑ , ÑÔ€XXXÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÓÂõÓÒ X ÒÒ X ÒÑ à ÑÑ X ÑÌÔ*ƒ!" dÔÔ, td ÔÔ,ktd ÔÔ,ðtd ÔÔ,ktd ÔÔ,att ÔÔ+  ÔÐ /€€V€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……/Ðà@ì..’àò òTECHNICAL€REPORT€DATAó óˆÌà@ì..Ê àòòòò(Please€read€Instructions€on€reverse€before€completing)óóóóˆÐ )€€ú€‚x‚ƒƒ„„)Ðòò1.€REPORT€NO.óóÌ€€€453/R„97„003bÐ €„„…… Ðòò2.óóÌÐ "€„„……"Ðòò3.€RECIPIENT'S€ACCESSION€NO.óóÐ -€€ê€‚x‚ƒƒ„„……-Ðòò4.€TITLE€AND€SUBTITLEóóÌà0°..°àAerospace€Manufacturing€and€Rework€Industry„„†BackgroundÏInformation€and€Promulgated€Standards€ADDENDUMÐ "€„„……"Ðòò5.€REPORT€DATEóóÌ€€€January€1998Ð €ú€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ…ƒ…ÐÐ "€„„……"Ðòò6.€PERFORMING€ORGANIZATION€CODEóóÌÐ +€€Ù€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……+Ðòò7.€AUTHOR(S)óóÌÐ "€„„……"Ðòò8.€PERFORMING€ORGANIZATION€REPORT€NO.óóÌÌÐ -€€Ù€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……-Ðòò9.€PERFORMING€ORGANIZATION€NAME€AND€ADDRESSóóÌà0°..°àEmission€Standards€Division€(Mail€Drop€13)Ìà0°..°àU.€S.€Environmental€Protection€AgencyÌà0°..°àResearch€Triangle€Park,€NC€€27711Ìà0°..°àÐ "€„„……"Ðòò10.€PROGRAM€ELEMENT€NO.óóÌÌ€Task€Order€No.€0005Ð €L€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ…ƒ…ÐÐ "€„„……"Ðòò11.€CONTRACT/GRANT€NO.óóÌ€68„D6„0012Ð -€€Ù€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……-Ðòò12.€SPONSORING€AGENCY€NAME€AND€ADDRESSóóÌÌà0°..°àOffice€of€Air€Quality€Planning€and€StandardsÌà0°..°àU.€S.€Environmental€Protection€AgencyÌà0°..°àResearch€Triangle€Park,€NC€€27711Ð "€„„……"Ðòò13.€TYPE€OF€REPORT€AND€PERIOD€COVEREDóóÌÌ€FinalÐ €L€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ…ƒ…ÐÐ "€„„……"Ðòò14.€SPONSORING€AGENCY€CODEóóÌ€EPA/200/04Ð /€€ú€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……/Ðòò15.€SUPPLEMENTARY€NOTESÌóóà0°..°àEPA€Task€Order€Project€Officer:€€Barbara€Driscoll,€ESD/PPSGÐ /€€€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……/Ðòò16.€ABSTRACTóóÌÌÓ Ìt̨Óà¨..¨àNational€emission€standards€for€control€of€HAP€emissions€from€aerospace€manufacturing€and€reworkÏfacilities€were€published€in€60FR€45948,€September€1,€1995.€€Proposed€amendments€to€the€final€ruleÏwere€published€in€61FR55842,€October€29,€1996.€€This€addendum€to€the€background€informationÏdocument€provides:€the€basis€for€the€revisions€(amendments)€made€to€the€standards€since€promulgation;€aÏsummary€of€the€comments€submitted€and€the€responses€to€these€comments;€and€a€summary€of€theÏchanges€made€since€promulgation.ÌÐ /€€€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……/Ðòò17.à@ì..GàKEY€WORDS€AND€DOCUMENT€ANALYSISóóˆÐ +€€€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……+Ðòòa.à@– .. àDESCRIPTORSóóˆÐ €„„……Ðòòb.€IDENTIFIERS/OPEN€ENDED€TERMSóóÐ € „„Ðòòc.€COSATI€Field/GroupóóÐ +€€ˆ€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……+ÐÔ€ôôôÔÔI€'ô\  `TimesRomanIÔÓÌt̨œ Óà¨..¨àAir€Pollutionàœ ..œ àCleaning€OperationsÌà¨..¨àAerospace€Manufacturing€àœ ..œ àSurface€CoatingÌà¨..¨à€€and€Reworkàœ ..œ à€€(Painting)Ìà¨..¨àHazardous€Air€Pollutantsàœ ..œ àDepaintingÐ €„„……Ðà..àAir€Pollution€ControlÌà..àMACTÌà..àCoating€OperationsÌà..àCleaning€OperationsÐ € „„ÐÐ -€€È€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ„„……-Ðòò18.€DISTRIBUTION€STATEMENTóóÌÌ€€€Release€UnlimitedÐ €„„……Ðòò19.€SECURITY€CLASSòò€(Report)óóóóÌ€€€€UnclassifiedÐ € „„Ðòò21.€NO.€OF€PAGESóóÌ€€€€€€€€€Ð €Ø€‚ˆ‚ƒƒ…‚…ÐÐ €„„…… Ðòò20.€SECURITY€CLASSòò€(Page)óóóóÌ€€€€UnclassifiedÐ € „„Ðòò22.€PRICEóó¿Ô x Ôòòò òEPA€Form€2220„1€(Rev.€4„77)ó óà( ..( àPREVIOUS€EDITION€IS€OBSOLETEà€€%..ö"à480005/final/trdóóˆ