WPC  L Ƀ1]KQSłaf_.Mf2F9d&jn<(t 98lh*9!Yŭ.Odc]ҟxƓ,%ϔIt(u`|n>p9Lz6 S`?2Mv~;{E B:g =?~v=Omg ~ƀчBBpϰ3W Vb:g#pP'N:-] =1_]3f|M/]]A{-OaKz4UYDnG4MӍ7D`m.d.sVvܤRcU>e%T7g;p.[5M{~ J0>RQڦ[Z# hxcx 5!{*6x_M|XYr$#! %N 0!U>w@42A mCZ 0e  H 0N@U UF ^ U> 0L% % % % 0bq HP LaserJet 2100 Series PCL 60X(W}u$XdXXX8dXXdXXd8<l9Z+&Courier Regular U V W X DY Z [ E\ ] D^ Sb'esktǃ3|x^ UI., II.,Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 54#)2Quick I.   .0  Fact Sheet for Petroleum Refineriesdocument:" ' ,Donna C. Colville6750-9 toxicsnonHAPcaprolactam20Quick 0 4 9Z+.Courier New Regularx'c<\( 9Z &Courier Regular>b$Large Circle0 >$$"Small Circle0  "0` (#(# }u!XJ~XXX8XXdd8  _V XXXXV _FACT_ԀSHEET    AIRTOXICSRULEFORSECONDARYALUMINUMPRODUCTIONPLANTS   TODAY'SACTION...  <   0    TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)isissuingafinal  R ruletoreducehazardousairpollutantsemittedfromsecondaryaluminumproductionplants.Airtoxics,alsoknownashazardousairpollutants,arethosepollutantsknowntocauseorsuspectedofcausingcancerorotherserioushealtheffects.݌ (#(# Ќ    b0    Secondaryaluminumplantsrecoveraluminumfromscrapsuch 7  asbeveragecans,foundryreturns,otheraluminumscrap,anddross.Airtoxicsarereleasedfrompreprocessingoperationssuchasaluminumscrapshredding,thermalchipdrying,scrapdrying/_decoating_/_delacquering_;andfurnaceoperations(i.e.,melting,holding,refining,fluxing,oralloying).b}݌ (#(# Ќ   WHATARETHEHEALTHANDENVIRONMENTALBENEFITS?  O   0    Secondaryaluminumplantsemitavarietyoftoxicair e pollutants.Theseairtoxicsvarybyfacilityandprocessoperationbutmayincludeupto11metals,organiccompounds(including_dioxins_Ԁand_furans_,and_polycyclic_Ԁorganicmatter),andacidgasessuchashydrogenchlorideandchlorine.Thehealtheffectsassociatedwithexposuretotheseairtoxicscanincludecancer,respiratoryirritation,anddamagetothenervoussystem. ݌ (#(# Ќ    0    EPAsrulewillreducenationwideemissionsofairtoxicsby !`  about12,420tonsperyear,areductionofnearly70percentfromcurrentlevels.Thisreductionincludesthespecificpollutants_dioxins_Ԁand_furans_Ԁand_polycyclic_ԀorganicmatterlistedforregulationundertheCleanAirAct._V #XXXXՂ#V XXXXJ~_݌$$(#(# Ќ    . 0    Hydrogenchlorideemissionswillbereducedbyabout#XJ~XXXͻ #12,370 V&!& tonsperyearorby73percent.Emissionsofmetalswillbereducedbyabout40tonsperyearareductionofover60percentfromcurrentlevels.Emissionsof_dioxins_Ԁand_furans_Ԁwillbereducedbyabout0.88poundsperyear,whichrepresentsareductionofmorethan79percent.POMemissionswillbereducedbyaboutXXXXJ~10#XJ~XXXm #XXXXJ~Ԁtonsperyear,ormore +&, than20#XJ~XXXͱ #Ԁpercent.Particularsiteswillachieveeven  greaterreductions.. I ݌ (#(# Ќ    0    Otherbenefitsoftodaysruleincludeadecreasein Y emissionsofotherpollutantssuchasparticulatematterandaloweredoccupationalexposurelevelforemployees.Emissionsofparticulatematterwillbereducedbyabout3,185tonsperyearorbyover30percentfromexistinglevels.݌ (#(# Ќ   BACKGROUND       0    UndertheCleanAirActAmendmentsof1990,EPAisrequired T  toregulatesourcesof188listedtoxicairpollutants.(Notethatthislistoriginallyreferenced189pollutants,butEPAhassubsequentlyremovedthechemicalcaprolactamfromthelist.)OnJuly16,1992,EPApublishedalistofindustrialsourcecategoriesthatemitoneormoreoftheseairtoxics.Forlistedcategoriesof"major"sources(thosethatemit10tons/yearormoreofalistedpollutantor25tons/yearormoreofacombinationoflistedpollutants),theCleanAirActrequiresEPAtodevelopstandardsthatrequiretheapplicationofstringentairpollutionreductionmeasuresknownasmaximumachievablecontroltechnology(_MACT_).݌ (#(# Ќ    "0    EPA'spublishedlistofindustrygroups(knownas"source  categories")toberegulatedincludessecondaryaluminumproductionplants."=݌ (#(# Ќ    A0    Section112(c)(6)oftheCleanAirActrequiresEPAtolist J andpromulgate_MACT_Ԁstandardsforcategoriesofsourcesemittingsevenspecificpollutants,includingdioxin/_furans_and_polycyclic_Ԁorganicmatterfromaffectedsources.EPAlistedsecondaryaluminumproductionplantsundersection112(c)(6)onApril10,1998forregulationofdioxinaspartoftheefforttoachieveregulationof90percentoftheaggregatenationaldioxinemissionsasrequiredbythesection.A\݌ (#(# Ќ    0    TheproposedrulewaspublishedintheFederalRegisteron ((x#(  February11,1999(64FR6946)..݌ )[$)(#(# Ќ  ݀&       WHOWILLBEAFFECTEDBYEPASRULE?     0    Theruleappliestoeach' secondaryaluminumproductionplant Y thatisamajorsourceofemissionsofairtoxics.Inaddition,eachsecondaryaluminumproductionplantthatisanareasourceissubjecttolimitationsonemissionsofdioxin/_furans_.݌ (#(# Ќ    _0    Affectedsourcesincludeeachnewandexistingaluminum    scrapshredder,thermalchipdryer,scrapdryer/_delacquering_Ԁkiln/_decoating_Ԁkiln,group2furnace,sweatfurnace,drossonlyfurnace,rotarydrosscooler,andsecondaryaluminumprocessingunit._z݌ (#(# Ќ    30    TheEPAhasidentifiedmorethan400 "traditional"secondary M  aluminumproductionfacilities.Basedonavailableinformationaboutsecondaryaluminumproductionplants,EPAestimatesthat86facilitiesaremajorsourcesofemissionsofairtoxics.TheEPAestimatestherearealsoabout1,650facilitieswithsweatfurnaces,andanumberofaluminumextruding,diecasting,andfoundryfacilitiesthatarepotentialareasourcesofdioxin/_furans_.3N݌ (#(# Ќ    0    EPAbased_W itsW air_Ԁtoxics(_MACT_)standardforaluminumdie H castingandaluminumfoundries,aswellasitsassessmentoftheeconomicimpactsonsmallbusinessesintheseindustries,oninformationonrepresentativefacilitypracticesprovided_X toX __X X by_Ԁtheseindustries.However,affectedfacilitiesintheseindustrieshaveexpressedconcernthattheinformationandassumptionsuponwhichEPAhasreliedmaybeincompleteormaynotadequatelyrepresenttheprocessesandemissionsatsuchfacilities.Inlightofthisinformation,EPAhasdecidedthatitwouldbeprudenttogatherfurtherinformationconcerningfacilitiesinthealuminumdiecastingandaluminumfoundryindustriesandthentoreevaluatetheairtoxicsrequirementsandeconomicimpactsonsmallbusinessesintheseindustries.݌ (#(# Ќ    $0    Withinthenext3months,EPAintendstoissueaproposed E'"' ruletoremovethealuminumdiecastingandaluminumfoundryindustriesfromthepresentsecondaryaluminumstandard,andaproposedruletostaytheapplicabilityofthepresentstandardtothealuminumdiecastingandaluminumfoundryindustrieswhileEPAreevaluatesthe_MACT_Ԁrequirementsfor +', suchfacilities.EPAintendstotakefinalactionconcerningtheproposedstaysoonthereafter.$"$݌ (#(# Ќ    &0    EPAwillalsoinitiateaformalprocesstocollectfurther Y informationfromthefacilitiesintheseindustriesontheactivitiesinwhichtheyengageandthepotentialoftheseactivitiestocontributetoairtoxicsemissions.Afterevaluatingthisinformation,EPAwillmakeanewdeterminationconcerning_MACT_Ԁrequirementsforfacilitiesintheseindustries.EPAexpectstoadoptanyalternative_MACT_Ԁstandardapplicabletotheseindustries,andtotakefinalactiontoremovethealuminumdiecastingandaluminumfoundryindustriesfromthecurrentstandard,withintwoyears._AnyY alternativeY [ Z MACTZ [ \ alternative\ __] emissions] __] ] ^ MACT^ standard_Ԁadoptedfortheseindustrieswillprovidethreeyearsfromthedateofpromulgationforaffectedfacilitiestoachievecompliance.&&݌ (#(# Ќ   WHATDOESEPA'SRULEREQUIRE?     *0    EPA'sruleestablishesemissionstandardsformetals,  dioxin/_furans_,organichazardousairpollutants,andacidgasesforsecondaryaluminumplantsthataremajorsources.Theruleusesparticulatematterasasurrogateformetals,totalhydrocarbonsasasurrogatefor_organics_,andhydrogenchlorideasasurrogatefortotalemissionsofhydrogenchloride,chlorine,andhydrogenfluoride.Emissionstandardsareestablishedfordioxin/_furans_Ԁforaffectedsourcesatsecondaryaluminumplantsthataremajororareasources.Theruleprovidesanalternativestandardforsweatfurnacesequippedwithafterburnersmeetingspecifieddesignandoperationalcriteria.Unitswiththespecifiedequipmentarenotrequiredtoconductcompliancetestsfordioxin/_furans_.*+݌ (#(# Ќ    /0    Newandexistingaffectedsourcescanachievetheemission "&" reductionsrequiredbytherulethroughtheuseofafabricfilter,alimeinjectedfabricfilter,anafterburner,oranafterburnerfollowedbyalimeinjectedfabricfilterdependingonthetypeofsource.Somefacilitiesmaymeettheemissionstandardsthroughpollutionprevention/workpracticesoracombinationoftheseplusaddoncontrols.Operatingrequirementsalsoareincludedintherule./!/݌ (#(# Ќ    m10    Plantsalsomustcomplywiththemonitoring,_recordkeeping_, *!&+ andreportingrequirementsintodaysrule.m11݌+',(#(# Ќ    I20    EPA'sruleprovidesflexibilitytotheindustrybyoffering  alternativecomplianceandmonitoringoptions.Surrogatesareusedtoreducethemonitoringandemissionstestingcosts.Additionalreductionsintestingcostsareachievablethroughlikeforliketestingwhereonlyoneofseveralaffectedsourceswiththesamedesignandsameoperatingpracticesneedstobetestedtodemonstratecompliance.However,allfacilitieswithaddcontrolsmustbetested.m11݌ (#(# Ќ    30    Complianceoptionsincludeemissionlimitsorpercent '*#* reductionstandards,alternativecontrolequipmentrelateddesignstandardsforsweatfurnaces,andaveragedemissionlimitsforgroup1furnacesandinline_fluxers_Ԁthatarepartofasecondaryaluminumprocessingunit.33݌ (#(# Ќ   ,X'/   50    Provisionsallowingowner/operatorstoapplyforalternative  monitoringofgroup1furnacesnotequippedwithaddoncontrolsareincluded.Ifapproved,thesearesitespecificmonitoringplansthatbecomepartofthefacilitysoperation,maintenance,andmonitoringplan.Applicationprovisionsforalternativemonitoringforotheraffectedsourcesarealsoincluded.55݌ (#(# Ќ    70    ThefinalruledefersthepermittingofM smaller,M O O P P O socalledO M  `   M areaN N sourcesunderQ thQ R Q jeQ R S eS titleVL L T operatingpermitsprogramT L L untilDecember9,2004.77݌ (#(# Ќ   HOWMUCHWILLTODAYSRULECOST?      90    EPAestimatesthatimplementationofthisrulewillresult r  in$105millionincapitalcostswithtotalannualcostsof$76.7million/yr.Themonitoring,_recordkeeping_,andreportingcostsareestimatedat$9.2million/yr.U Theproposalsdescribedabovecouldresultinsomechangestotheseestimates.U 99݌(#(# Ќ   FORFURTHERINFORMATION...  L   ;0    InterestedpartiescandownloadtherulefromEPA'swebsite V ontheInternetunder"recentactions"at:http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg.Forfurtherinformation  abouttodaysrule,contactMr.JuanSantiagoofEPA'sOfficeofAirQualityPlanningandStandardsat(919)5411084.;<݌ (#(# Ќ    =0    TheEPA'sOfficeofAirandRadiation's(OAR's)homepageon 6 theInternetcontainsawiderangeofinformationontheairtoxicsprogramandmanyotherairpollutionprogramsandissues.TheOAR'shomepageaddressis:http://www.epa.gov/oar.