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XS X X X ݛ X X X XS 7 X X d X X d 7 ќ @ % MEMORANDUM ̜ TO: ` MetalFurnitureProjectDocketNo.A9740 @ SUBMITTEDBY: Dr.MohamedSerageldin,ESD/CCPG DATE: ` June19,1997 ` ̜SUBJECT :0 ` 0 ` (#` (# SummaryoftheMay28,1997,MetalFurniture @ IntegratedRuleDevelopment,FirstRoundtableϜMeeting(PMACT/PBAC)Phase (# (# Thepurposeofthismemorandumistosummarizethediscussionthattookplaceduringthefirstroundtablemeetingforthemetalfurnitureintegratedruledevelopment,heldonMay28,1997,attheMutualBuildinginDurham,NorthCarolina.Themeetingobjectivesweretoidentifydatasourcesforthecollectionofinformationaboutthemetalfurnitureindustry,reviewtheregulatorydevelopmentprocesswithindustryandraiseissuesofconcerntoallparties,coordinateregulatorydevelopmenteffortsandschedulingwithindustryrepresentatives,andtodiscusspotentialdatasourcesandactionitemsforparticipants. MEETINGPARTICIPANTS p EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA) MohamedSerageldin,OfficeofAirQualityPlanningandStandards EC/RIncorporated X GrahamFitzsimons p DavidHendricksKarenHolmes CoregulatorsandIndustryRepresentatives @ " SeeAttachment1. SUMMARYOFDISCUSSION ! % Dr.Serageldinopenedthemeetingbywelcomingalltheparticipantsandallowingeachparticipanttoprovideabriefintroduction.HethenbrieflyexplainedthattheEPAwillbeworkingsimultaneouslyonthePMACTandPBACprocesses.HestressedthattheEPAhasnopredeterminedideasfortheoutcomeofPMACT/BACprocessandislookingtoindustryforhelpinestablishingPMACT/BAC. Ms.MikapresentedanoverviewofSteelcase spretreatmentandcleaningoperations,paintmixingandtransferring,paintapplicationoperations,anduseofadhesives,aswellasthestateandfederalregulationsapplicabletotheirfacilities.Oneissueraisedduringthepresentationwastheuseofsinglecoatoperationsversusdualcoatoperations.ItappearedthatthelargermetalofficefurnitureparticipantssuchasSteelcase, .h)5 HONIndustries,Kimball,andAllsteelusesinglecoatoperations.Ms.Stookeypointedoutthatsomeoftheircustomersusemultiplecoatingsteps.Ms.Mikaemphasizedthedifficultlyintrackingcoatingusageonasinglelinebasisduetothefactthatmultiplemixroomsmayserviceasinglelineandasinglemixroommayalsoservicemultiplelines.Ms.MikaalsopresentedherconcernovertheamountofannualVOCreportedintheMarch23,1995,FederalRegisternoticeregardingtheconsumerandcommercialproductscheduleforregulationunderSection183(e).Basedonacoatingusageof21,000gallonsofcoatingperyearformetalfurnitureandother2500SICmajorsourcegroupcodes,aslistedinaU.S.Censusreportfor1995,shefeltthatthemagnitudeofannualVOCemissionsreportedintheFederalRegisternoticeistoolargeandthatinclusionofthemetalfurnitureindustrymaynotbejustifiedbasedonemissions. Dr.Serageldinrespondedthattherankingwasnotbasedsolelyonemissionsbutagreedthatanaccuratenumbermustbeestablishedforthepurposeofcosteffectivenesscalculations. Mr.Lesnetstatedthattheindustryrepresentativespresentatthemeetingdidnotadequatelyrepresentallsegmentsofthemetalfurnitureindustry,particularlyhouseholdproducts.Dr.Serageldinstressedtheneedfortheindustry shelpinidentifyingwhichindustrysegmentsarenotrepresented.HestatedthattheMACTfloorisbasedonlyontheinformationcollectedbytheEPA. Mr.MillerbrieflydiscussedtheroleoftheBusinessandIndustrialFurnitureManufacturer'sAssociation(BIFMA).HestatedthatBIFMArepresentsapproximately120manufacturersand80supplierstotheindustry,whichaccountsforabout80percentofSICcode2522.Theother20percentisnotrepresentedatthispoint.Mr.MillerstatedthathisroleistokeepmembercompaniesinformedoftheruledevelopmentprocessandtofacilitatedatatransferbetweenmembercompaniesandtheEPA. Mr.RunyanquestionedhowtheEPAisgoingtodealwithmetalcomponentsonwoodfurniture,woodcomponentsonmetalfurniture,andmetalmechanisms.HealsoquestionedwhytheEPAwaslookingatoperationsotherthancoatingandcleaning.Dr.SerageldinstatedthattheEPAisnoteliminatingorexcludinganythingthisearlyintheprocess.Themagnitudeofemissionsrelatedtoeachoftheseareaswillhavetobequantifiedbeforeadecisioncouldbemade.HeexplainedthatsourcesofallHAPemissionsneedtobereviewedformakingmajorsourcedeterminations,buttheregulationwillonlydealwithcoatingandcleaningoperations. Dr.Serageldinpresentedanoverviewoftheruledevelopmentprocess(seeAttachment2),thenstatedthattheEPAintendstosendoutavoluntarysurveythatwillconcentrateonemissions .'3 frommajorsourcesateachfacility.ThefirstsurveywillbestrictlyvoluntaryandwillnotbeissuedundertheauthorityofSection114.Dr.SerageldinexplainedthattheEPAneedstogainagoodunderstandingoftheindustryasquicklyaspossible,butthissurveyisnotintendedtobecomprehensive.AtwoweekscheduleofcompletionuponreceivingthesurveywasdiscussedtoallowfortheprocessingofthedataforuseinthesecondroundtablemeetingscheduledforlateJuly. Ms.MikaquestionedthepurposeofPMACTandtheneedtocompleteasurveyforboththePMACTprocessandthenagainfortheactualMACTdetermination.Sheexplainedthatitisamajorexpenditureofbothtimeandmoneytocompletethesesurveys.SeveralotherindustryrepresentativesexpressedconcernregardingtheneedtogothroughthePMACTprocess.TheyexplainedthatitwouldbemorebeneficialtoconcentrateondefiningtheindustryratherthandevelopingaPMACTwhichmaynotberepresentativeoftheentireindustry.AnotherconcernwasraisedthatPMACT,developedwithlimitedandincompletedata,maybemisusedbystatesmakingSection112(g)casebycaseMACTdeterminations. Dr.SerageldinexplainedthattheEPAneedstogainanunderstandingoftheindustryinordertodevelopafoundationforMACTandtodeterminewhatinformationismissing.HestressedtheneedforPMACTasanessentialstepinthelearningprocess,andexplainedthatPMACTwillallowtheEPAtolearnaboutthemetalfurnitureindustryatanacceleratedpace.Dr.SerageldinstressedthatPMACTisnotbindingontheEPAduringtheremainderoftheMACTdevelopmentprocess,oronthestateswhenmakingSection112(g)determinations.̀ Mr.Hendrickspresentedanoverviewofthemetalfurnitureindustrybasedondatathathasbeengatheredtodate(seeAttachment2).Thepresentationcoveredthefollowingtopics: "0 ` SICcodesrelevanttothemetalfurnitureindustryand `" $ primaryproductsundereachSICcode ` (#` (# "0 ` Totalnumberoffacilitiesandemployeesforthe $x ' primarySICcodes ` (#` (# "0 ` Stateswiththelargestconcentrationofmetal ' * furnituremanufacturingfacilities ` (#` (# "0 ` Metalfurnituremanufacturingoperationsthatmaybe h)(#- sourcesofHAPemissions ` (#` (# "0 ` SummaryofToxicReleaseInventorySystememissions +%0 datafortheprimarySICcodes ` (#` (# P-'2 Mr.Naouraskedif,giventhematurityofexistingstate rules,isitpossiblefortheEPAtoprovideaconsolidationrulebasedonstateregulations,newsources,RACT,andtheCTG.Pastusesofthismethodologywerehelpful,particularlyforrecordkeeping,recording,andmonitoringrequirements.Therefore,documentationwouldcoverallexistingrules.Dr.Serageldinrepliedthatthisapproachwouldbeveryuseful,buttheEPAdoesnothavetimetoincorporateitforPMACT.However,theEPAwillconsiderthisapproachforMACT. Mr.NaourstatedthatitmaybehelpfultotheEPAtorequestTitleVpermitapplicationsandemissioninventoryinformationfromthestatestogainadatasetmorerepresentativeofallsectorsofthemetalfurnitureindustry. Ms.Mikaexplainedthatsomestates,suchasMichigan,donotrequireHAPspeciationintheirTitleVemissioninventories;therefore,thisinformationmaynotbereadilyavailable. Dr.Serageldinaskedforsuggestionsregardingpossiblesitevisits.Mr.LesnetsuggestedapossiblesitevisittoeitherHON sRichmond,VAfacilityortheirCedartown,GAfacility.HestatedthattheRichmondfacilityhasthreecoatinglines,twoofwhichusecoatingswithaVOCcontentof1.63kgVOC/liter(2.8lbVOC/gal),andthethirdwhichusescoatingswithaVOCcontentof1.46kgVOC/liter(2.5lbVOC/gal).Thethirdlinealsousesheattoreducetheviscosityofthepaint.TheCedartown,GAfacilityisanolderfacilitywhichutilizesautomaticapplication,dipapplication,andrecoversoversprayandremanufacturesitforreuse.MostofthecoatingsusedattheCedartownfacilityhaveaVOCcontentof1.75kgVOC/liter(3.0lbVOC/gal). Ms.MikasuggestedapossiblesitevisittoSteelcase sGrandRapids,MIfacilities.SteelcasehasatotalofnineindividualplantsintheGrandRapidsareawithawiderangeofoperations.ThecoatinglinesutilizecoatingswithaVOCcontentrangeof1.75kgVOC/liter(3.0lbVOC/gal)toapproximately1.46kgVOC/liter(2.5lbVOC/gal)withabatement. Dr.SerageldinquestionedwhycoatingVOCcontentdoesnottypicallygobelow1.46kgVOC/liter(2.5lbVOC/gal).Mr.EnglishexplainedthatbothperformanceandappearancelimitVOCcontent.Mr.LesnetexplainedthatHONhastriedlowerVOCcontentpaintsattemperaturesupto170$F(toreduceviscosity). (`", Thismethodledtooperatorsafetyproblemsduetothehightemperature.Mr.Lesnetexpressedconcernovertheuseofacetone,whichisnotaHAPandisanexemptVOC,asasolventsubstitutethatmayleadtoexplosionproblemswithelectrostaticequipment.Mr.EnglishcautionedthatHVLPhasseverelimitationsduetothelowvolumeofpaintdelivered,whichmayresultinlowlinespeedandreducedproduction.Mr.Lesnet .'3 statedthattheparticularsolventaddedtothecoatingmaydirectlyaffectelectrostaticperformance.Therefore,substitutingsolventsmayreducetransferefficiency. Dr.Serageldinpresentedexampleprocessflowdiagrams,whichdetailedhowtodoamaterialbalancearoundeachunitoperation.Ms.Mikaexpressedconcernsthattryingtoestimateindividualemissionsourceswouldleadtoinaccuratedatathatmaybeusedinappropriately.ShestatedthatSteelcasesimplydoesnothavethatlevelofdetailavailable,andanyestimateswouldbepureguesses.Shealsoquestionedthevalueofthesenumbers.Dr.SerageldinstatedthatthequestionnairewillnotaskforaspeciationofHAPateachemissionpoint.HestatedthattheEPAneedstounderstandtheprocesstoevaluatethesignificanceofeachemissionpoint. SeveralindustryrepresentativesexpressedconcernovertheEPA sfocusontheofficefurnitureindustry.BasedonthecurrentmakeupoftheWorkTeam,thedatabaseofinformationdevelopedfromthesefacilitieswillbeofficefurniturespecificandisnotfairtoothersegmentsofthemetalfurnitureindustrywhomayhavedifferentcoatingtypesandrequirements.OneindustryrepresentativesuggestedsendingletterstoeachstateChamberofCommercerequestingthemtonotifymemberswiththerelevantSICCodes.Mr.PanchakarlastatedthatFloridawillprovideinformationonbothpointandareasources,butthatitwillincludebothmetalandwoodfurniture. Atthecloseofthemeeting,copiesofthedraftdefinitionsoftermstobeusedthroughoutthestandardsdevelopmentprocessweredistributed(seeAttachment3). ACTIONITEMS @ " " (3 "0 TheEPAwillsendthevoluntaryquestionnairetoeveryoneon " theTRISreportlist. " (3 C3 (#(# Ќ " " 4 "0 TheEPAwillsendthevoluntaryquestionnairetoWorkTeam (# % membersbyTuesday,June3,1997. " 4 .4 (#(# Ќ " " 5 "0 TentativesitevisitswillbescheduledtoHONinJulyand %@ ( toSteelcaseinSeptember. " 5 '5 (#(# Ќ " " 5 "0 EC/Rwillcontactthestateswiththehighestconcentration '!+ ofmetalfurnituremanufacturingfacilitiesforinformationonTitleVpermitapplications,emissioninventoriesandRACT/BACT/LAERinformation. " 5 6 (#(# Ќ " " _7 "0 EC/Rwillgeneratealistoftradeassociationsthathave +%0 beencontacted. " _7 z7 (#(# P-'2 7 X X d X X d 7 " " 8 "0 TheEPAwillinformtheWorkTeammembersofthedateofthe 7 K X X d X X d 7 nextRoundtablemeeting. " 8 8 x (#(# Ќ " " 9 "0 ̛̜@ $ ATTACHMENT1 H @ " LISTOFATTENDEES X X H T R P'3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e 3' '3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e 3' T*w d d d X d d X d d X X81X81w , d d , d d , m d d , d d , [d d + + ! + XT X X XK METALFURNITUREINTEGRATEDRULEDEVELOPMENT d FIRSTROUNDTABLEMEETING , MAY28,1997LISTOFATTENDEES l F 7 ' 4 " F X XT Name 7 * " 7 Company 7 * " 7 MailingAddress 7 * " 7 Telephone/FaxNumber 7 * 6 " 7 emailAddress > / $ " > MohamedSerageldin 4 * f 4 U.S.EPA ' p ' OAQPS/ESD/CCPG(MD13)ResearchTrianglePark,NC27711 ' ' (919)5412379fax(919)5415689 ' f ' serageldin.mohamed@epamail.epa.gov , p , DavidHendricks 4 * B 4 EC/RIncorporated ' ' 2327EnglertDriveSuite100Durham,NC27713 ' B ' (919)4840222ext.335fax(919)4840122 ' B ' hendricksecr@mindspring.com , F , KarenHolmes 4 * | ! 4 EC/RIncorporated ' "r # ' 2327EnglertDriveSuite100Durham,NC27713 ' & ' (919)4840222ext.310fax(919)4840122 ' ) ' ecrrtp@mindspring.com , | * , GrahamFitzsimons 4 * R+ 4 EC/RIncorporated ' - ' 2327EnglertDriveSuite100Durham,NC27713 ' N0 ' (919)4840222ext.322fax(919)4840122 ' N3 ' gfitz@mindspring.com , R4 , ScottLesnet 4 * 5 4 HONIndustries ' 6 ' SMHTechnicalCenter505FordAvenueMuscatine,IA52761 ' $9 ' (319)2627865fax(319)2627899 ' .~; ' , < , BradMiller 4 * ^= 4 BIFMAInternational ' ? ' 2680HorizonDrive,SESuiteA1GrandRapids,MI49546 ' ZB ' (616)2853963fax(616)2853765 ' D ' bmiller@bifma.com , ^E , WilliamEnglish 4 * F 4 PPGIndustries ' G ' OnePPGPlacePittsburgh,PA15272 ' :I ' (412)4343198fax(412)4343705 ' :K ' , L , StanSchmitt 4 * jN 4 Kimball,Inc. ' t O ' 1155West12thAvenueJasper,IN47549 ' jQ ' (812)6343274fax(812)6343250 ' jS ' staschm@kimball.email.com , t T , KeithMasterson 4 * T U 4 Kimball,Inc. ' T V ' 1155West12thAvenueJasper,IN47549 ' JX ' (812)6343234fax(812)6343250 ' JZ ' , T [ , LarryRunyan 4 * 4 \ 4 AFMA ' 4 ] ' P.O.BoxHP7HighPoint,NC27261 ' * _ ' (910)8845000fax(910)8845303 ' * a ' lfrun@aoi.com , 4 b , RichardMathis 4 * "d c 4 MetalCreations ' "d d ' P.O.Box1104HighPoint,NC27261 ' " f ' (910)8892083fax(910)8852442 ' " h ' , "d i , MaryEllenMika 4 * p d 4 Steelcase,Incorporated ' ' P.O.Box1967MailCode:PSGrandRapids,MI49501 ' ' (616)2469787fax(616)2469191 ' ' mmika@steelcase.com , p d , VenkataPanchakarla 4 * 4 FloridaDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection ' ' MailStation#55002600BlairStoneRoadTallahassee,FL32399 ' B6 ' (904)4880114fax(904)9226979 ' ' panchakarla_v@dep.state.fl.us , , SherryStookey 4 * " 4 LillyIndustries ' ' P.O.Box2358HighPoint,NC27261 ' ' (910)8024305fax(910)8896007 ' ' , " , RobertNelson 4 * 4 NPCA ' ' 1500RhodeIslandAve.NWWashington,DC20005 ' ! ' (202)4626272fax(202)4628549 ' # ' bnelson@paint.org , $ , BobShepherd 4 * % 4 NCStateUniversity ' | ' ' Dept.ofChemicalEngineeringBox7905Raleigh,NC276957905 , + , (919)5151883fax(919)5153465 4 * | - 4 Shepherd@che.ncsu.edu , . , MickDurham 4 * / 4 StanleyEnvironmental,Incorporated ' ZN2 ' 225IowaAvenueMuscatine,IA52761 , 4 , (319)2646342fax(319)2646658 4 * 6 4 durhammick@stanleygroup.com , 7 , DwightA.Cohagan 4 * 8 4 SherwinWilliams ' :.: ' МP.O.Box6027Cleveland,OH44101 , :.< , (216)5662918fax(216)5662730 4 * :.> 4 dacohagan@sherwin.com , ? , MaryHusted 4 * t h@ 4 Husted&Associates,Inc. ' C ' МP.O.Box5256HighPoint,NC27262 , E , (910)8693097fax(910)8693031 4 * G 4 , t hH , JefferyA.Masi 4 * I 4 AllsteelInc. ' J ' 71DentonFlyRoad Milan,TN# .Z # , L , (901)6864116 fax(901)6864120# Z # 4 * N 4 , O , HankNaour 4 * P 4 IllinoisEPA ' Q ' BureauofAirP.O.Box19506Springfield,IL627949506 , &"T , (217)7851716fax(217)5245023 4 * !tV 4 " W " XT X "W T R Y 3' L e t t e r P'3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e 3' L e t t e r '3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e T@ $ ATTACHMENT2 @ << EPA/ECRPRESENTATION X X H H X XT ^ @ ! EPA/INDUSTRY/STATES 0 @ NN ROUNDTABLEMEETINGNO.1@ xx# MetalFurniture@ IntegratedRuleDevelopment@ yy$ May28,1997 )& # XD X ^^ # X XD @ 3 3 RULEDEVELOPMENTOVERVIEW H NESHAP "0 InformationGathering j " $$ "0 MACTFloors $$ " RegulatoryAlternatives,PMACT,andMACT R "0 RegulatoryTeamIndustryandStateAgencyInvolvement ~ $$ "0 ImpactAnalyses : $$ "0 Proposal f $$ "0 Promulgation " $$ "0 ImplementationGuidance N $$ @ 3 3 RULEDEVELOPMENTOVERVIEW@ SS% (concluded)CONTROLTECHNIQUESGUIDELINES(CTG) 0 "0 InformationGathering \ $$ "0 RegulatoryAlternatives,PBAC $$ "0 ImpactAnalyses D $$ "0 CTGPublication# XD X \` # ^ X XD $$ @ # XD X ^d # X XD SICCODESRELEVANTTOTHE | @ METALFURNITUREINDUSTRY# XD X 5e # } X XD PrimarySICCodes 2514MetalHouseholdFurniture p Bookcases x ( CampFurniture 8 p Chairs x ( FramesforBoxsprings F p Tables x ( Cribs T p Swings x ( Cots b p KitchenCabinets x ( GardenFurniture p( p MedicalCabinets x ( ServingCarts ~6 2522OfficeFurniture,ExceptWood p Bookcases x ( WallCases ` p Chairs x ( Partitions n p Tables x ( ModularFurniture | p Desks x ( Benches p FileCabinets2531PublicBuildingandRelatedFurniture p Benches x ( TheaterSeating p PortableBleacherSeating ( SeatsforAutos,Vans,Aircraft,Railroad ! p StadiumSeating x ( ChurchFurniture &" p SchoolFurniture2542OfficeandStoreFixtures,Partitions,Shelving,andLockers,ExceptWood p Cabinets x ( Shelving ^&# p Counters x ( Showcases l'$$ p DisplayCases x ( SortingRacks z(2%! p DisplayFixtures x ( TelephoneBooths )@&" p LunchroomFixtures ( BarFixtures# XD X }e # *N'# @ X XD SICCODESRELEVANTTOTHE @ METALFURNITUREINDUSTRY@ bb% (continued)# XD X Uo # } X XD SecondarySICCodes J 2599FurnitureandFixtures,NotElsewhereClassified p HospitalBeds x ( FactoryFurniture r p BowlingCenterFurniture ( ShipFurniture p CafeteriaFurniture ( RestaurantCarts 3429Hardware,NotElsewhereClassified p FurnitureHardware ( ConvertibleBedMechanisms 3495WireSprings p FurnitureSprings ( SpringUnitsforSeats * 3499FabricatedMetalProducts,NotElsewhereClassified p MetalChairFrames ( MetalAutoSeatFrames T p MetalFurnitureParts3821LaboratoryApparatusandFurniture p LaboratoryFurniture ( Tables D p Benches x ( Cabinets R 3843DentalEquipmentandSupplies p DentalCabinets x ( Dentists'Chairs "| 3999ManufacturingIndustries,NotElsewhereClassified p BeautyShopandBarberShopFurniture7641ReupholsteryandFurnitureRepair p FurnitureRepair/Refinishing p AntiqueRepairRestoration# XD X } p # &*&% Source:StandardIndustrialClassificationManual.OfficeofManagementandBudget.1987 -)( X XD @ NumberofFacilitiesandEmployees@ " PrimarySICCodes* ! d d d d d d m d d d d [d d $$ , ( d d , ( d d , ( d d + " ~ " SICCode 7 - d " 7 @ @ * Numberof * Facilities 7 - d " 7 Numberof * Employees Y O d " @ 2514 @ Y 2514 z p A 2 " @ 2514 @ @|@ 452 @|@ z 452 | r @ 2 " @|@ 452 @|@ A 138978 A | 138,978 } s C 2 " A 138978 A @ 2522 @ } 2522 { q A " @ 2522 @ @ 1661 @ { 1661 } s A " @ 1661 @ pA 252014 pA } 252,014 } s C " pA 252014 pA ƣ@ 2531 ƣ@ } 2531 z p A " ƣ@ 2531 ƣ@ p@ 846 p@ z 846 | r @ " p@ 846 p@ 8A 189159 8A | 189,159 } s C " 8A 189159 8A ܣ@ 2542 ܣ@ } 2542 { q A T " ܣ@ 2542 ܣ@ T@ 1301 T@ { 1301 } s A T " T@ 1301 T@ 07A 149222 07A } 149,222S I G T " 07A 149222 07A S # XD X w # МT R P'3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e Y 3' L e t t e r '3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e 3' L e t t e r T [insertbarchartshowingnumberoffacilitiesbynumberofemployees]k 7 7 ' # ` < E ` f EH," ," u,F# k // x$0!$ x$0!$ k 7 7 ' # ` < E ` f E$HE E k H ; X XFp T R Y 3' L e t t e r P'3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e 3' L e t t e r '3 L e t t e r L a n d s c a p e T@ NumberofFacilitiesinPrimarySICCodes@ $ Top10States p California x ( 420 L p Michigan x ( 294 l $ p NewYork x ( 269 D p Florida x ( 256 p Illinois x ( 235 p Indiana x ( 191 p Texas x ( 189 \ p Missouri x ( 161 |4 p Ohio x ( 154 T p Pennsylvania x ( 147 # XFp X ; # , @ X XD OPERATIONSTHATAREPOTENTIALSOURCESOF l $ @ $ HAPEMISSIONS# XD X j # ^ } X XD p MetalWorking(stamping,bending,forming,welding) \ p MetalFinishing(plating,anodizing,phosphating) x p Cleaning(partscleaning,sprayguncleaning,sprayboothcleaning) p PaintApplicationandCuring/Drying p TouchupandRepair p Storage,Handling,andMixingofSolventsandCoatings 0 p WastewaterTreatment# XD X }1 # L # @ V V X XD SUMMARYOFTRISEMISSIONSDATA# XD X # Ԉ H *w $ d d ( d d ( d d ( d d ! $$w , | d d , Ed d , 'd d + ) Z ) } X XD HazardousAirPollutant > - v " > NonpointEmissions(kg/yr) > - " > PointEmissions(kg/yr) 3 ) " 3 Xylene R H | 4 A 295921 A R 295,921 v C | 4 U A 295921 A 5V3A 1267253 5V3A 1,267,253 ] S I | 4 U 5V3A 1267253 5V3A ] Toluene R H @ 119202 @ R 119,202 u C U @ 119202 @ A 518310 A 518,310 \ R H U A 518310 A \ GlycolEthers Q G | 4 @ 63439 @ Q 63,439 ~ t B | 4 U @ 63439 @ EA 157882 EA ~ 157,882 \ R H | 4 U EA 157882 EA \ 1,2,4Trimethylbenzene Q G `@ 72070 `@ Q 72,070 ~ t B U `@ 72070 `@ CA 141438 CA ~ 141,438 \ R H U CA 141438 CA \ EthylBenzene Q G |4 @ 29566 @ Q 29,566 ~ t B |4 U @ 29566 @ `TA 158348 `TA ~ 158,348 \ R H |4 U `TA 158348 `TA \ MethylEthylKetone Q G @F@ 31001 @F@ Q 31,001 ~ t B U @F@ 31001 @F@ @ 125390 @ ~ 125,390 \ R H U @ 125390 @ \ Dichloromethane Q G |4 @@ 53386 @@ Q 53,386 } s B |4 U @@ 53386 @@ `?@ 91126 `?@ } 91,126 [ Q G |4 U `?@ 91126 `?@ [ nHexane Q G Q@ 37518 Q@ Q 37,518 } s B ! U Q@ 37518 Q@ `A@ 78870 `A@ } 78,870 [ Q G " U `A@ 78870 `A@ [ Methanol Q G |4# @ 34871 @ Q 34,871 } s B |4$ U @ 34871 @ ?@ 74750 ?@ } 74,750 [ Q G |4% U ?@ 74750 ?@ [ 1,1,1Trichloroethane Q G & @ 46572 @ Q 46,572 } s B ' U @ 46572 @ @ 19992 @ } 19,992 [ Q G ( U @ 19992 @ [ MethylIsobutylKetone Q G |4) @ 15770 @ Q 15,770 } s B |4* U @ 15770 @ @ 36621 @ } 36,621 [ Q G |4+ U @ 36621 @ [ Trichloroethylene P F , @ 3293 @ P 3,293 | r A - U @ 3293 @ @ 13173 @ | 13,173 [ Q G . U @ 13173 @ [ Styrene P F | 4/ y@ 8946 y@ P 8,946 { q A | 40 U y@ 8946 y@ γ@ 5070 γ@ { 5,070 Z P F | 41 U γ@ 5070 γ@ Z Formaldehyde N D 2 W@ 95 W@ N 95 y o ? 3 U W@ 95 W@ @ 9094 @ y 9,094 Z P F 4 U @ 9094 @ Z Cumene P F | 4 5 V@ 3115 V@ P 3,115 { q A | 4 6 U V@ 3115 V@ @ 1144 @ { 1,144 Z P F | 4 7 U @ 1144 @ Z HydrochloricAcid P F 8 H@ 1746 H@ P 1,746 y o A 9 U H@ 1746 H@ V@ 90 V@ y 90 X N D : U V@ 90 V@ X Manganeseand ԍ ԍCompounds P F |"4 ; @ 627 @ P 627 y o @ |"4 < U @ 627 @ @\@ 113 @\@ y 113 Y O E |"4 = U @\@ 113 @\@ Y Naphthalene B 8 # > # B 0 l b 3 # ? U # @ 579 @ l 579 Y O E # @ U @ 579 @ Y NickelandCompounds O E |%4"A @ 510 @ O 510 l b @ |%4"B U @ 510 @ # l 0 L B 8 |%4"C U # L Chromiumand ԍ ԍCompounds P F &#D n@ 247 n@ P 247 w m @ &#E U n@ 247 n@ @ 2 @ w 2 W M C &#F U @ 2 @ W PhthalicAnhydride O E |(4%G @\@ 113 @\@ O 113 y o @ |(4%H U @\@ 113 @\@ @\@ 113 @\@ y 113 Y O E |(4%I U @\@ 113 @\@ Y Diisocyanates N D )&J @S@ 77 @S@ N 77 v l ? )&K U @S@ 77 @S@ @ 3 @ v 3 W M C )&L U @ 3 @ W 2,4TolueneDiisocyanate B 8 |+4(M # B 0 k a 3 |+4(N U # H@ 48 H@ k 48 X N D |+4(O U H@ 48 H@ X EthyleneGlycol B 8 ,)P # B 0 k a 3 ,)Q U # (@ 12 (@ k 12 a W D ,)R U (@ 12 (@ a TOTAL(Mg/yr) X N |.4+S 3 @ 818 @ X 818 z p @ |.4+T U @ 818 @ @ 2699 @ z 2,699V L J |.4+U U @ 2699 @ V # @ # XD X } # X XD SUMMARYOFEXISTINGREGULATIONSANDSOURCE T @ CATEGORYDEFINITIONSFORTHE@ METALFURNITUREINDUSTRY# XD X : # } X XD Ԉ CTGVOCEmissionLimit0 x 0 x$x$ 0.36kgoforganicsolventemittedperliterof f coating(minuswaterandexemptcompounds) $$ 0 0 p$$ 0 p$p$ 0 $ $ 0 x $ $ 0 x$x$ 3.0lbsoforganicsolventemittedpergallonofcoating(minuswaterandexemptcompounds) $$ NSPSVOCEmissionLimit0 x 0 x$x$ 0.9kgofVOCperliterofcoatingsolids(non volatiles)asapplied $$ SourceCategoryDefinition(from: DocumentationforDevelopingtheInitialSourceCategoryList. EPA450/391030.UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,ResearchTrianglePark,NC.July1992.)Themetalfurnituresourcecategoryincludesanyfacilityengagedinthesurfacecoatingandmanufactureofmetalfurniturepartsorproducts.Suchproductsmayincludechairs,tables,cabinets,andbookcases.CTGDefinitionof"MetalFurniture""MetalFurniture"includesanyfurnituremadeofmetaloranymetalpartwhichwillbeassembledwithothermetal,wood,fabric,plasticorglasspartstoformafurniturepiece.# XD X } # } X XD (n%# # XD X }Q # X XD @ @ SUMMARYOFSTATEREGULATIONSFOREXISTINGSOURCESOFSURFACECOATINGOFMETALFURNITURE ǹ " " ] "0 30Statesgenerallyfollowtheguidelinesestablishedin"Controlof VolatileOrganicEmissionsfromExistingSourcesVolumeIII:SurfaceCoatingofMetalFurniture";December1977. " ] x $$ Ќ " " "0 15StateshavenoVOClimitsspecifictoMetalFurniture. " ƻ $$ Ќ " " q "0 3StateshavelessstringentlimitsthansetforthintheCTG. " q \ $$ Ќ " " < "0 1StatehasmorestringentlimitsthansetforthintheCTG. " < W $$ Ќ " " "0 1StatehasVOClimitsnotdirectlyconvertedtotheunitsinthe D CTG.# XD X 묨 # } X XD " ~ 6 $$ Ќ @ # XD X }˾ # } X XD PRELIMINARYSCHEDULE F *w % A d d | d d Ed d 'd d $ $$w , d d " , kd d + " ~ " ЀDate 7 - * 7 ЀActivity 7 - * 7 May97 7 - 7 Firstsitevisit 7 - 7 May97 7 - n& 7 Roundtable#1 7 - n& 7 July97 7 - 7 Second/thirdsitevisits 7 - 7 July97 7 - j 7 Roundtable#2 7 - j 7 August97 7 - T 7 InitialpreMACTestablished 7 - T 7 September97 7 - 7 Roundtableoptionsmeeting 7 - 7 September97 7 - P 7 PreMACTestablished 7 - P 7 December98 7 - : 7 Completealldatagatheringefforts 7 - : 7 December99 7 - 7 MACTfloorsestablished 7 - 7 April99 7 - ~ 6 7 Selectbasisforstandards 7 - ~ 6 7 June99 7 - 7 Draftproposedstandard 7 - ! 7 August99 7 - z " 7 WorkGroupreview 7 - z # 7 December99 7 - d" $ 7 ProposedrulepublishedinFederalRegister 7 - r#* & 7 December00 7 - %!' 7 Promulgationofstandard/ % # %!( / # XD X }g # R& #( @ $ ATTACHMENT3 8 @ ! LISTOFDEFINITIONS 0 XD X X XD @ " X XD DRAFTDEFINITIONS H М@ ( rEREV OSISEDFEBRUARY9,1998)̛@ dd METALFURNITUREINTEGRATEDRULEDEVELOPMENT# XD X # Ԉ @ FirstRoundtableMeeting@ $ May28,1997 h М# XD X X XD # XK X X XD Abatementorrecoverydevice(seeAddoncontroldevice) H Addoncontroldevicemeansanairpollutioncontroldeviceinstalled attheendofaprocessventexhauststackorstacksthatreducesthequantityofapollutantthatisemittedtotheair.Thedevicemaydestroyorsecurethepollutantforsubsequentrecovery.Examplesareincinerators,condensers,carbonadsorbers,andbioreactorunitswhichreducethepollutioninanexhaustgas.Transferequipmentandductworkarenotconsideredinandofthemselvesaddonairpollutioncontroldevices.Thecontroldeviceusuallydoesnotaffecttheprocessbeingcontrolledandthusis"addon"technologyasopposedtoaschemetocontrolpollutionthroughmakingsomealterationtothebasicprocess.Addoncontroldeviceefficiencymeanstheratiooftheemissions 8 collectedordestroyedbyanaddonairpollutioncontroldevicetothetotalemissionsthatareintroducedtothecontroldevice,expressedasapercentage.AdministratormeanstheAdministratoroftheUnitedStates EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(U.S.EPA)orhisorherauthorizedrepresentative.Affectedsourcemeans,withreferencetoastationarysource,any @ apparatustowhichastandardisapplicable.Anyoperationorprocesslinethatissubjecttoaregulationorstandard.Alternativemethodmeansanymethodofsamplingandanalyzingforan ` airpollutantthatisnotareferenceorequivalentmethodbuthasbeendemonstratedtotheAdministrator'ssatisfactionto,inspecificcases,produceresultsadequateforadeterminationofcompliance.0 8 $$ Asappliedmeanstheconditionofacoatingatthetimeof H applicationtothesubstrate,includinganythinningsolvent.Assuppliedmeanstheconditionofacoatingbeforeanythinning,as X# soldanddeliveredbythecoatingmanufacturertotheuser.BACmeansBestAvailableControls. & Baselineconditionsmeanstheconditionsthatexistpriortoan "@ ( affectedsourceimplementingcontrols,suchasacontrolsystem.Batchmeanstheproductofanindividualproductionrunofacoating $!+ manufacturer'sprocess.Abatchmayvaryincompositionfromotherbatchesofthesameproduct.Capturemeansthecontainmentorrecoveryofemissionsfromaprocess ($/ fordirectionintoaduct,whichmaybeexhaustedthroughastackorsenttoanabatementorrecoverydevicebeforeexitingthroughastack. X*'2 Captureefficiencymeansthefractionofallorganicvapors,HAP +(4 emissions,orotherpollutantsgeneratedbyaprocessthataredirectedtoanaddonairpollutioncontroldeviceexpressedasapercentage. /+8 Capturesystemmeansahood,enclosedroom,ofothermeansof H collectingorganicHAPemissionsintoaclosedventsystemthatexhauststoacontroldevice. Capturedemissionsmeansallemissionsthataredeliveredtoa h controldevice.CleanAirActTheCleanAirAct,asamended,providesthe x foundationforEPA seffortstoimproveairquality.TheCleanAirAct,buildingonearlierlegislation,waspassedin1970,andwasmostrecentlyamendedin1990. Cleaningactivitymeansthephysicalremovalofforeignmaterialfrom ` thesubstratebeingcleaned.Includesactionssuchaswiping,brushing,flushing,orsprayingappliedwithinanoperation.Cleaningofpartsmeanssolventengulfstheentiresurfaceofthe item(part)asitisdippedinacontainerofsolvent,orthepartiscleanedabovethecontainerbyacleaningactivitysuchassprayingorwiping.Equipment,the"unitoperation,"wherethismighttakeplace,includespartwashers,batchloadedcoldcleaners,ultrasoniccleaners,andspraygunwashers.Cleaningoperationsmeansoperations,suchas,spraygunandflush @ cleaningoperations,inwhichorganicsolventisusedtoremovecoatingmaterialsoradhesivesfromequipmentusedincoatingmanufacturingoperations.Cleaningsolventmeansaliquidmaterialusedforhandwipe,spray ( gun,orflushcleaning.ThisdefinitiondoesnotincludesolutionsthatcontainnoVOC. p Closedlooprecycling(inprocessrecycling)meansthereuseor H recirculationofachemicalmaterialwithintheboundariesusedtodevelopamaterialbalancearounda unitoperationsystem. Arecoveryorreclamation(RorR)unitoperationmaybewithintheboundariesselectedfortheprimaryunitoperationsystemifitis:0 1.0 p$$ Solelydedicated.Thechemicalisreusedonlyforcleaning 0 % theprimaryunitoperation. p$p$ 2.0 p Physicallyintegrated.TheRorRoperationisconnected "@ ( totheprimaryunitoperationbymeansofpiping,sothatitisnotpossibletoperformthematerialbalancearoundtheprimaryunitoperationsystemwithoutincludingit. p$p$ Coaterorcoatingapplicatormeanstheapparatususedtoapplya p&(#- coatingtoacontinuousbasesubstrate. 8'#. Coatingmeansaprotective,decorative,orfunctionalfilmappliedas (%0 athinlayertoasubstrateorsurfaceandwhichcurestoformacontinuoussolidfilm(seePrimer,Topcoat).Thistermoftenappliestopaintssuchaslacquersorenamels,butalsoisusedtorefertofilmsappliedtopaper,plastics,orfoil.Coatingapplicationmeanstheprocessbywhichthecoatingmixis x-0*6 appliedtothebasesubstrate. /+8 Coatingapplicationstationmeansthepartofacoatingoperation H wherethecoatingisapplied.Inasprayoperationitisthesprayboothandisdistinguishedfromtheflashoffareaandoven. Coatinglinemeansanynumberorcombinationofcoatingapplicators, h flashoffareas,andovenswhichcoatasubstrate.Coatingoperationmeans,forthepurposesofthisrule,those x activitiesinwhichacoatingisappliedtoasubstrateandissubsequentlyairdried,curedinanoven,orcuredbyradiation.Coatingsolidsmeansthepartofthecoatingwhichremainsafterthe coatingisdriedorcured;solids(nonvolatile)contentisdeterminedusingdatafromEPAMethod24,oranequivalentoralternativemethod.Coatingstationmeansaworkstationonwhichacoatingoperationis conducted.0 H $ $ Compliantcoatingmeansacoatingwhosevolatileorganiccompoundor hazardousairpollutantcontentdoesnotexceedthatallowedbyregulation.Compliantcoatingsmaybewaterborne,lowsolvent(highersolids),orpowder. x0 Controlintheairpollutionfieldmeanstheabatementofpollutants whichmightbeexhaustedintotheatmosphere.Itoftenreferstothecollectionordestructionefficiencyusingvarioustechnologies,includingincineratorsorcarbonadsorbersasopposedtocaptureofthepollutantsintothedevice.Controldevice(seeAddoncontroldevice) p Controlefficiency(seeAddoncontroldeviceefficiency)# XD X X XK # XK X X XD Ԁ H Controlsystemmeansthecombinationofcapturesystemsandaddon " controldevicesusedtoreduceemissionstotheatmosphere.Forexample,100%captureefficiencyand95%destructionefficiencyamountsto95%control. 0 % ControlTechniquesGuidelines(CTG)meansaseriesofdocuments !x ' preparedbytheEPAtoassiststatesindefiningreasonablyavailablecontroltechnology(RACT)formajorsourcesofvolatileorganiccompound(VOC)material.Thedocumentsprovideinformationontheeconomicandtechnologicalfeasibilityofavailabletechniques;and,insomecases,suggestlimitsonVOCemissions.Criteriapollutantmeansapollutantforwhichacriteriadocument 8'#. hasbeenissuedasdescribedbysection108oftheCleanAirAct.Criteriapollutantsarenitrogenoxides,sulfurdioxides,ozone,particulatematter,andcarbonmonoxide.ANationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAQS)existsforeachcriteriapollutant.# XD X X XK # XK X X XD +'3 CureVolatilesmeansreactionproductswhichareemittedduringthe +(4 chemicalreactionwhichtakesplaceinsomecoatingfilmsatthecuretemperature.Theseemissionsareotherthanthosefromthesolventsinthecoatingandmay,insomecases,compriseasignificantportionoftotalVOCand/orvolatileHAPemissions. /,9 Dipcoatingmeansamethodofapplyingacoatinginwhichthe H substrateisdippedintoatankofcoatingandthenwithdrawn.Electrodepositionmeansadipcoatingmethodinwhichanelectric X fieldisusedtopromotethedepositionofthecoatingontothepart.Thepartbeingpaintedactsastheelectrodewhichisoppositelychargedfromthecoatingparticlesinthediptank.Electrostaticsprayisproducedwhenoppositeelectricalchargesare @ appliedtothesubstrateandthecoating.Thecoatingisattractedtotheobjectbytheelectrostaticpotentialbetweenthem.Thecoatingmaybeappliedbyeitheraspraygun(nonrotationalmethod)oragunwitharotatingbellordiskapplicator(rotationalmethod).Emissioncontrolsystemmeansacombinationofcapturesystemand 8 addoncontroldeviceusedtoreduceemissiontotheatmosphere.Systemefficiencyistheproductofcaptureefficiencyanddestructionefficiency(e.g.,95%captureefficiencyX95%destructionefficiency=90%overallefficiency).EmissionreductionmeansthedecreaseinHAPorVOCmaterialemitted when(1)alowsolventcontainingcoatingisusedinplaceofahighersolventcontainingcoatingor(2)anaddoncontroldevice(suchasacarbonadsorberorincinerator)isused.Emissionreductionisoftenexpressedasapercentage. Equivalentmethodmeansanymethodofsamplingandanalyzingforan P airpollutantthathasbeendemonstratedtotheAdministrator'ssatisfactiontohaveaconsistentandquantitativelyknownrelationshiptothereferencemethod,underspecificconditions.Exemptcompoundmeansspecificorganiccompoundsthatarenot 8 consideredvolatileorganiccompoundsduetonegligiblephotochemicalreactivity.Exemptcompoundsarespecifiedin40CFR51.100(s).Existingsourcemeansanystationarysourceofairpollutionother X# thananewsource.Facevelocitymeansthevelocityofairthroughapaintspraybooth. & Wherepeopleareworking,healthregulationsusuallyrequirethisvelocitytobeatleast30.5metersperminute(100feetperminute).Whenelectrostaticsprayingisusedafacevelocityof18metersperminute(60feetperminute)ispermitted. $ * FaradayCageEffectmeansaconditionthatmayexistonasubstrate %`", duetoitsgeometricconfigurationthatmayinhibittheelectrostaticapplicationofpowderparticlesatthatspecificlocalizedarea,suchascavitiesorrecesses. ($/ Facilitymeansallcontiguousoradjoiningpropertythatisunder )H&1 commonownershiporcontrol,includingpropertiesthatareseparatedonlybyaroadorotherpublicrightofway.Filmformermeansthepartofacoatingthatremainsonthesubstrate ,h)5 afterthecure(nonvolatiles).Somefilmformersmaybeliquidbutpolymerizetoformasolidwhencoatingisbakedtotherequisitecuringtemperature. /+8 /,9 Filmthicknessmeansthethicknessofthedrycuredcoatingonthe H substrate.Flashoffareameanstheportionofacoatingoperationbetweenthe X coaterandthedryingovenwheresolventbeginstoevaporatefromthecoatedbasesubstrate.Flowcoatingmeansamethodofapplyingcoatinginwhichthecoating x ispouredontothepart.Fugitiveemissionsmeansemissionsthatdonotpassthroughastack orductthatallowsfortheirmeasurement.HazardousAirPollutant(HAP)meansanyairpollutantlistedinor p ( pursuanttoSection112(b)oftheCleanAirAct.Highernonvolatiles(solids)coatingmeanscoatingscontaininga considerablyhighersolidscontentthanconventionalcoatings.Thesecoatingstypicallycontaingreaterthan60percentsolidsbyvolume.Highvolumelowpressure(HVLP)spraymeanssprayequipmentthatis usedtoapplycoatingbymeansofaspraygunthatoperatesat69.0KPa(10.0psig)orlessofatomizingairpressureattheaircap.Hoodorenclosuremeansdevicesusedtocaptureemissionsanddirect themtoanabatementorrecoverydevice.Majorsourcemeansanysourcethatemitsorhasthepotentialtoemit ` 9.1megagrams(10tons)peryearormoreofanyoneHAPor22.7megagrams(25tons)peryearormoreofanycombinationofHAP.Manufacturer'sformulationmeansalistofsubstancesorcomponent 8 partsofcoatingsasdescribedbythemakerofthecoatings.Masspercentsolidsmeanstheportionofacoatingwhichremainsas " partofthecuredfilmexpressedaspercentbyweight.Thiscontraststoanotherconventionofexpressingcontentbyvolumepercent.Materialbalancemeansacalculationbasedonconservationofmass !x ' (i.e.,themassofmaterialgoingintoaprocessisequaltothemassofmaterialwhichleavestheprocess).Thisrelationshipisoftenusedtoestimatesolventlossesfromcoatingoperations.Newsourcemeansanystationarysourcetheconstructionor %`", reconstructionofwhichcommencesafteraspecifieddate,usuallytheproposalorpromulgationofanapplicablestandardofperformance. 8'#. NewSourcePerformanceStandard(NSPS)meansstandardsforemission (%0 ofairpollutantsfromnew,modified,orreconstructedstationaryemissionsourceswhichreflectsthedegreeofemissionlimitationachievablethroughtheapplicationofthebestsystemofemissionreductionwhich(takingintoaccountthecostofachievingsuchreduction)theAdministratordetermineshasbeenadequatelydemonstrated.TheCleanAirActusuallyreferstotheseasstandardsofperformancefornewstationarysources.Nonvolatilesmeansthefilmformingmaterialofacoating;also /,9 termedsolids. 0P-: ЇOffsiterecyclingmeansarecoveryorreclamationunitoperation H systemlocatedoutsideoftheplantboundaries.Onsiterecyclingmeansarecoveryorreclamationunitoperation X locatedwithintheplantboundariesfromwhichtherecycledmaterialisreturnedtoaprocessotherthanthatwhichgeneratedthewastematerial.Ovenmeansachamberwhichusesheatorirradiationtobake,cure, @ polymerize,ordryasurfacecoating.Permanenttotalenclosuremeansapermanentlyinstalledenclosure thatcompletelysurroundsasourceofemissionssuchthatallemissionsarecapturedandcontainedfordischargethroughacontroldevice.Foradditionalinformation,seeGuidelinesforDetermining 8 CaptureEfficiency,January1994.(DocketNo.A9310,ItemNo.IVB 1). Photochemicalreactivitymeansthemeasureoftherateatwhichan X organiccompoundreactsinthepresenceofultravioletradiationtoformphotochemicaloxidants.Pigmentedmeanscontainingfinelygroundinsolublepowderdispersed x0 togiveacharacteristiccolor.PollutionPreventionmeanspracticesorprocesschangesthatdecrease oreliminatethecreationofemissionsorwasteatthesourceofpollution(e.g.,apaintspraybooth).Suchpreventiontechniquesincludeuseofnewmaterials,modificationofequipment,andchangesinworkpracticesthatresultinemissionreductionatthesource.Powdercoatingmeansacoatingappliedasadrypowderwhich,when 8 bakedatsufficientlyhightemperature,flowsouttoformacontinuousfilm.PowdercoatingsmayemitVOC/HAPcurevolatiles.Primermeansthefirstlayerorlayersofidenticallyformulated X# coatingappliedtoasurface,usuallypriortothesubsequentapplicationofatopcoat.Primaryheatrecoverymeansamethodofconservingenergybyusing !x ' heatfromincineratorexhaustgasestopreheattheinletgastotheincinerator. P# ) Process(processline)meansthesumofunitoperationsthatresult $!+ intheproductionofindividualorgroupsofproducts.Processfugitivesmeansairemissionsemanatingfromtheprocessline 8'#. thatarenotcaptured.0 x ($/ x$x$ Productsubstitutionmeansreplacementofanyproductorrawmaterial )H&1 intendedforanintermediateorfinalusewithanother.ThissubstitutionisasourcereductionactivityifeithertheVOCemissionsorthequantityofwastegeneratedatthesourceisreduced.ReasonablyAvailableControlTechnology(RACT)meansthelowest @.*7 emissionlimitthataparticularsourceiscapableofmeetingbytheapplicationofcontroltechnologythatisreasonablyavailableconsideringtechnologicalandeconomicfeasibility.RACTisusually 0P-: appliedtoexistingsourcesinnonattainmentareasandinmostcasesislessstringentthannewsourceperformancestandards.Reclaimmeansamaterialthatisprocessedorregeneratedtorecover X ausableproduct(seerecycle).Recoveredsolventmeanssolventwhichisextractedfromaprocessor exhauststreamusuallybyadsorptionorcondensation. x Recoveryorregeneration(RorR)unitoperationmeansadevicefor P purifyingsolventthatmayuseanyofavarietyoftechniques,includingextraction,distillation,filtration,adsorption,orabsorption. ` Recycledmeansused,reused,orreclaimed(40CFR261.1(b)(7)).A 8 materialis"usedorreused"ifitisemployedasaningredient(includingitsuseasanintermediate)tomakeaproduct.Forexample,whensolventrecoveredbydistillationisreusedintheplant.Reworkmeanstouchup(seetouchupandrepairoperation)thatis performedaftertheparthasbeencured.Secondaryheatrecoverymeanstheuseofheatfromanincinerator @ exhaustforuseswithinaplantsuchasheatinganovenoraroom.Thisisdistinguishedfromprimaryheatrecoverywhichistheuseofthehotincineratorexhaustgasestoheattheinletgasestotheincinerator. ` SICcodemeansStandardIndustrialClassification,anumerical identificationsystemdevelopedbytheU.S.Governmentforstatisticalpurposesandwidelyusedbybusinessfirms.Industriesaregroupedintosimilarcategoriesandeachcategoryisgivenanumberrepresentingthecategory. ! Solids(seenonvolatilesorcoatingsolids) X# Solventmeansaliquidusedinacoatingtodissolveordisperse 0 % constituentsand/ortoadjustviscosity.Itgenerallyevaporatesduringdryingand,therefore,doesnotbecomepartofthedriedfilm.Solventbornecoatingmeansacoatingthatcontainsonlyorganic P# ) solvents.Ifwaterispresent,itisonlyintracequantities.Solventrecoverydevicemeans,forthepurposesofthissubpart,an %`", addoncontroldeviceinwhichHAPmaterialiscapturedratherthandestroyed.Examplesincludecarbonadsorptionsystemsandcondensers. ($/ Sourcereduction(orpollutionprevention)meansanyactivityor )H&1 treatmentthatreducesoreliminatesthegenerationofVOC/HAPemissions(orwaste)atthesourceofpollution,includingproductsubstitutionorelimination. +(4 Stackmeansacontainedairstream(excludingstoragetanks),which x-0*6 isapointthroughwhichemissionsexitthefacility.Surfacecoatingoperationmeanstheapplicationofafilmwhich /,9 coversthesurfaceofanobject.Paintingandvarnishingarecommon 0P-: surfacecoatingoperationsasarecoatingsappliedtolargeappliance,metalfurniture,fabric,paper,plasticfilm,andmetallicfoil.Surfacepreparationmeanstheremovalofcontaminantsfromthe h surfaceofasubstrateorcomponentortheactivationorreactivationofthesurfaceinpreparationfortheapplicationofacoating. Temporarytotalenclosuremeansanenclosurethatmeetsthe @ requirementsof63.805(e)(1)(i)through(iv)andisnotpermanent,butconstructedonlytomeasurethecaptureefficiencyofpollutantsemittedfromagivensource.Additionally,anyexhaustpointfromtheenclosureshallbeatleastfourequivalentductorhooddiametersfromeachnaturaldraftopening.Foradditionalinformation,seeGuidelinesforDeterminingCaptureEfficiency, 8 January1994.(DocketNo.A931,ItemNo.IVB1).Thermalincineratormeansadeviceforoxidizingwastematerialvia H flameandheat.Thiscontrastswithacatalyticincineratorwhichincorporatesacatalysttoaidthecombustion. Thinningsolventmeansasolventaddedtothinacoatingforthe h purposeofloweringthecoating sviscosityandthatevaporatesbeforeorduringthecureofafilm.Thinningratiomeansthevolumetricratioofthinnertocoating. ThresholdLimitValues(TLV)meanstheairconcentrationsofchemical ` substancestowhichitisbelievedthatworkersmaybeexposedwithoutadverseeffect. Topcoatmeansacoatingappliedtoabaresubstrateoroveraprimer 8 toprovideprotectiveand/ordecorativepropertiestoapart.Totalenclosuremeansanenclosurearoundthecoatingheadofawet " coatinglineorothercoatingapplicationdevicesothatallHAPandVOCfromthecoatingapplicationandflashoffoperationsarecollectedandductedthroughastackorintotheoven.Withatotalenclosureonacoatinglinetherewillbenofugitiveemissions,onlystackemissions.SomeairpollutionregulationsmayrequireatotalenclosuresothatallHAPandVOCemittedbytheprocesscanbemeasured.Theonlyopeningsinatotalenclosureareforcedmakeupairandexhaustductsandanynaturaldraftopeningssuchasthosethatallowrawmaterialstoenterandexittheenclosureforprocessing.Allaccessdoorsorwindowsareclosedduringroutineoperationoftheenclosedsource.Brief,occasionalopeningsofsuchdoorsorwindowstoaccommodateprocessequipmentadjustmentsareacceptable,butifsuchopeningsareroutineorifanaccessdoorremainsopenduringtheentireoperation,theaccessdoormustbeconsideredanaturaldraftopening.Theaverageinwardfacevelocityacrossthenaturaldraftopeningsoftheenclosuremustbecalculatedincludingtheareaofsuchaccessdoors.Thedryingovenitselfmaybepartofthetotalenclosure.Anenclosurethatmeetstherequirementsfoundin63# XD X X XK4 # XK X X XD .750(g)(4)isapermanenttotalenclosure. ,h)5 Touchupandrepairoperationmeansthatportionofthecoating @.*7 operationthatistheincidentalapplicationofcoatingusedtocover minorimperfectionsinthecoatingfinishortoachievecomplete /,9 coverage.Thisdefinitionincludesoutofsequenceoroutofcyclecoating. Transferefficiencymeanstheratiooftheamountofcoatingsolids X (nonvolatiles)depositedontothesurfaceofthecoatedparttothetotalamountofcoatingsolidsused.Treatmentmeansanymethod,technology,orprocessdesignedtoremove x solidsand/orpollutantsfromsolidorliquidwastes,wastestreams,effluents,orairemissions.Unitoperationmeansanindustrialoperation,classifiedorgrouped accordingtoitsfunctioninanoperatingenvironment(i.e.,apaintmixingvessel,aspraybooth,etc.).Unitoperationsystem(UOS)meanstheensembleonwhichthematerial balanceisperformed.Viscositymeansameasureofacoating'sresistancetoflow. X Volatileorganiccompound(VOC)meansanycompounddefinedasVOCin 40CFR51.100(s).ThisincludesanyorganiccompoundotherthanthosedeterminedbytheEPAtobeanexemptsolvent.Volumepercentsolidsmeanstheportionofacoatingwhichremainsas partofthecuredfilmexpressedaspercentbyvolume.Thiscontraststoanotherconventionofexpressingsolidscontentbymasspercent.Oftenapercentageisgivenwithoutspecifyingwhethervolumeormass.Thisisconfusingandleadstoerrorsincoatingcalculations.Wastehandlingmeansprocessingortreatmentofwaste(liquidor 8 solid)thatisgeneratedasabyproductofeitherthecoatingprocessorcleaningactivities/operations. ! Wastehandlingdevicemeansequipmentthatisusedtoseparate X# solventfromsolidwaste(e.g.,filterdryers)orliquid(e.g.,potstillsandthinfilmevaporators).Thesolventsarerecoveredbyheating,condensing,andcollection. & Wastemanagementmeansthehandling,treatment,storage,anddisposal "@ ( ofsolidorliquidwasteproducts. P# ) Wasteminimizationmeansthereduction,totheextentfeasible,of $!+ hazardouswastethatisgeneratedorsubsequentlytreated,storedordisposed.Itincludesanysourcereductionorrecyclingactivityundertakenbyageneratorthatresultsineitherthereductionoftotalvolumeorquantityofhazardouswaste,orboth,solongasreductionisconsistentwiththegoalofminimizingpresentandfuturethreatstohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Inorderofpreference,theseactivitiesinclude:sourcereduction,recycling,andtreatment.Wastewaterdischargemeansthewaterphasethatisdischargedfrom ,h)5 theseparatorinawastewatertreatmentsystem.Waterbornecoatingmeansacoatingthatcontainsmorethan5percent /+8 bymasswaterinitsvolatilefraction. 0P-: Workpracticemeansspecifichumanactivitieswithinindustrythat H leadtoareductioninVOCemissions(orwaste).Theactivitiesincludeincreasedoperatortraining,managementdirectives,segregationofwastesolvent,andpracticesthatleadtoareductionincleaningfrequency.Itdoesnotincludetheuseofspecializedequipment,suchassolventdispensers.# XD X X XKl. # XK X X XD 0 # XD X X XKD= # XD X X XD 0 Abatementorrecoverydevice(addoncontroldevice) meansanyequipmentthatreducesthe quantityofpollutantthatisemittedtotheatmosphere.Thedevicemaydestroyorsecurethepollutantforsubsequentrecovery.Examplesareincinerators,carbonadsorbers,condensers,scrubbers,andbaghouses. $$ 0 AdministratormeanstheAdministratoroftheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency 8 (U.S.EPA)orhisorherauthorizedrepresentative. $$ 0 Affectedfacilitymeans,withreferencetoastationarysource,anyapparatustowhichastandard D isapplicable.Anyoperationorprocesslinethatissubjecttoaregulationorstandard. $$ 0 Alternativemethodmeansanymethodofsamplingandanalyzingforanairpollutantthatisnot areferenceorequivalentmethodbuthasbeendemonstratedtotheAdministrator'ssatisfactionto,inspecificcases,produceresultsadequateforadeterminationofcompliance. $$ 0 $$ 0 AsAppliedmeanstheconditionofacoatingatthetimeofapplicationtothesubstrate, p includinganythinningsolventoranyotheradditives. $$ 0 Assuppliedmeanstheconditionofacoatingbeforeanythinning(oradditionofadditives),as |4 soldanddeliveredbythecoatingmanufacturertotheuser. $$ 0 BACmeansBestAvailableControls. @ $$ 0 Baselineconditionsmeanstheconditionsthatexistpriortoanaffectedsourceimplementing controls,suchasacontrolsystem. $$ 0 Batchmeanstheproductofanindividualproductionrunofacoatingmanufacturer'sprocess. ! Abatchmayvaryincompositionfromotherbatchesofthesameproduct. $$ 0 Capturemeansthecontainmentorrecoveryofemissionsfromaprocessfordirectionintoa #X $ duct,whichmaybeexhaustedthroughastackorsenttoanabatementorrecoverydevicebeforeexitingthroughastack. x%0"& $$ 0 Captureefficiencymeansthefraction(usuallyexpressedasapercentage)ofthepollutants P'$( generatedbyaprocessthatisdirectedtoanabatementorrecoverydevice. $$ 0 Capturesystemmeansahood,enclosedroom,ofothermeansofcollectingairemissionsintoa *&+ closedventsystemthatexhauststoacontroldevice. $$ 0 Cleaningactivitymeansthephysicalremovalofforeignmaterialfromthesubstratebeing ,). cleaned.Includesactionssuchaswiping,brushing,flushing,orsprayingappliedwithinanoperation. $$ /T,1 0 Closedlooprecycling(inprocessrecycling)meansthereuseorrecirculationofachemical H materialwithintheboundariesusedtodevelopamaterialbalancearounda unitoperationsystem. Arecoveryorreclamationunitoperationmaybewithintheboundariesselectedfortheprimaryunitoperationsystemifitis: $$ 0 0 p$$ 1.0 p$p$ Solelydedicated.Thechemicalisreusedonlywithintheprimaryunitoperation. $ $ p 2.0 Physicallyintegrated.Therecoveryorreclamationoperationconnectedtothe primaryunitoperationbymeansofpiping,sothatitisnotpossibletoperformthematerialbalancearoundtheprimaryunitoperationsystemwithoutincludingit. $ $ 0 Coatingmeansanymaterialthatcanbeappliedasathinlayertoasubstrateandwhichcuresto 8 formacontinuoussolidfilm. $$ 0 Coatingapplicationmeanstheprocessbywhichthecoatingmixisappliedtothebase D substrate. $$ 0 Coatinglinemeansanynumberorcombinationofcoatingapplicators,flashoffareas,and ovenswhichcoatasubstrate. $$ 0 Coatingoperationmeansthoseactivitiesinwhichacoatingisappliedtoasubstrateandis subsequentlyairdried,curedinanoven,orcuredbyradiation. $$ 0 Coatingsolidsmeansthepartofthecoatingthatremainsafterthecoatingisdriedorcured. H Solids(nonvolatile)contentisdeterminedusingdatafromEPAMethod24,oranequivalentmethod. $$ 0 Coatingstationmeansaunitonacoatinglineonwhichacoatingoperationisconducted.0 @ 4"(#(# @ $$ 0 Compliantcoatingmeansacoatingwhosevolatileorganiccompoundcontentdoesnotexceed thatallowedbyregulation.Compliantcoatingsmaybewaterborne,lowsolvent(highersolids),orpowder. $$ 0 Controlmeansthecollectionforrecoveryordestructionofpollutantswhichmightotherwisebe exhaustedtotheatmosphere. $$ 0 Controldevice(seeabatementorrecoverydevice) #D # $$ 0 Controlefficiencymeansoneminusthefraction(usuallyexpressedasapercentage)ofthe d% "% pollutantsthatareemittedfromthecontroldevicecomparedtothepollutantsenteringthecontroldevice.0 $$ <'#' $ $ 0 ControlTechniquesGuidelines(CTG)meansaseriesofdocumentspreparedbytheEPAto )%) assiststatesindefiningreasonableavailablecontroltechnology(RACT)formajorsourcesofvolatileorganiccompound(VOC)material.Thedocumentsprovideinformationontheeconomicandtechnologicalfeasibilityofavailabletechniquesand,insomecases,suggestlimitsonVOCemissions. $$ 0 Criteriapollutantmeansapollutantforwhichacriteriadocumenthasbeenissuedasdescribed .T+/ bysection108oftheCleanAirAct.Criteriapollutantsarenitrogenoxides,sulfurdioxide, /@,0 ozone,particulatematter,andcarbonmonoxide.ANationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAQS)existsforeachcriteriapollutant. $$ 0 Exemptcompoundmeansspecificorganiccompoundsthatarenotconsideredvolatileorganic compoundsduetonegligiblephotochemicalreactivity.Exemptcompoundsarespecifiedin40CFR51.100(s). $$ 0 Existingsourcemeansanystationarysourceofairpollutionotherthananewsource. t $$ 0 Facilitymeansallcontiguousoradjoiningpropertythatisundercommonownershiporcontrol, L includingpropertiesthatareseparatedonlybyaroadorotherpublicrightofway. $$ 0 Filmthicknessmeansthethicknessofthedrycuredcoatingonthesubstrate. X $$ 0 Flashoffareameanstheportionofacoatinglineafterthecoatingapplicatorandbeforethe 0 ovenentrancewheresolventbeginstoevaporatefromthecoatedbasesubstrate. $$ 0 HazardousAirPollutant(HAP)meansanyof188materialsidentifiedasairtoxicsinSection 112oftheCleanAirAct(seeAttachmentAforalistofHAP). $$ 0 Hoodorenclosuremeansdevicesusedtocaptureemissionsanddirectthemtoanabatementor p recoverydevice. $$ 0 Majorsourcemeansanysourcethatemitsorhasthepotentialtoemit,intheaggregate,9.1 |4 megagramsperyear(10tonsperyear)ormoreofanyoneHAPor22.7megagramsperyear(25tonsperyear)ormoreofanycombinationofHAP. $$ 0 Manufacturer'sformulationmeansalistofsubstancesorcomponentpartsofcoatingsas , describedbythemakerofthecoatings. $$ 0 Masspercentsolidsmeanstheportionofacoatingthatremainsaspartofthecuredfilm expressedaspercentbyweight.Thiscontraststoanotherconventionofexpressingcontentbyvolumepercent. $$ 0 Materialbalancemeansacalculationbasedonconservationofmass(i.e.,themassofmaterial "X " goingintoaprocessisequaltothemassofmaterialthatleavestheprocess).Thisrelationshipisoftenusedtoestimatesolventlossesfromcoatingoperations. $$ 0 NewSourcePerformanceStandard(NSPS)meansstandardsforemissionofairpollutantsfrom P&#& new,modified,orreconstructedstationaryemissionsourcewhichreflectsthedegreeofemissionlimitationachievablethroughtheapplicationofthebestsystemofemissionreductionwhich(takingintoaccountthecostofachievingsuchreduction)theAdministratordetermineshasbeendemonstrated.TheCleanAirActusuallyreferstotheseasstandardsofperformancefornewstationarysources. $$ 0 Nonvolatiles(orvolumesolids)meansthefilmformingmaterialofacoating;alsotermed ,|)- solids. $$ 0 Offsiterecyclingmeansarecoveryorreclamationunitoperationsystemlocatedoutsideofthe /@,0 plantboundaries. t0,-1 $$ Ї0 Onsiterecyclingmeansarecoveryorreclamationunitoperationlocatedwithintheplant H boundariesfromwhichtherecycledmaterialisreturnedtoaprocessotherthanthatwhichgeneratedthewastematerial. $$ 0 Ovenmeansachamberwhichusesheatorirradiationtobake,cure,polymerize,ordryasurface coating. $$ 0 PollutionPreventionmeanspracticesorprocesschangesthatdecreaseoreliminatethecreation t ofemissions(orsolidorliquidwastes)atthesource.Suchpreventiontechniquesincludeuseofnewmaterials,modificationofequipment,changesinworkpractices,andclosedlooprecycling. $$ 0 Process(processline)meansthesumofunitoperationsthatresultintheproductionof X individualorgroupsofproducts. $$ 0 Processfugitivesmeansairemissionsemanatingfromtheprocesslinethatarenotcaptured.0 @ "(#(# $$ 0 Productsubstitutionmeansreplacementofanyproductorrawmaterialintendedforan intermediateorfinalusewithanother.Thissubstitutionisasourcereductionactivityifeithertheemissionsorthequantityofsolidorliquidwastegeneratedisreduced. $$ 0 ReasonablyAvailableControlTechnology(RACT)meansthelowestemissionlimitthata \ particularsourceiscapableofmeetingbytheapplicationofcontroltechnologythatisreasonablyavailableconsideringtechnologicalandeconomicfeasibility.RACTisusuallyappliedtoexistingsourcesinnonattainmentareasandinmostcasesislessstringentthannewsourceperformancestandards. $$ 0 Reclaimmeansamaterialthatisprocessedorregeneratedtorecoverausableproduct. , $$ 0 Recoveryorregenerationunitoperationmeansadeviceforpurifyingamaterialthatmayusea varietyoftechniques,includingextraction,distillation,filtration,adsorption,orabsorption. $$ 0 Recycledmeansused,reused,orreclaimed(40CFR261.1(b)(7)).Amaterialis"usedor reused"ifitisemployedasaningredient(includingitsuseasanintermediate)tomakeaproduct. $$ 0 Solids(seenonvolatiles) x$0!$ $$ 0 Solventmeansaliquidusedtoinacoatingtodissolveordisperseconstituentsand/ortoadjust P&#& viscosity.Itgenerallyevaporatesduringdryingand,therefore,doesnotbecomepartofthedriedfilm. $$ 0 Solventbornecoatingmeansacoatingwhichcontainsonlyorganicsolvents.Ifwaterispresent, *&* itisonlyintracequantities. $$ 0 Stackmeansacontainedairstream(excludingstoragetanks),whicharepointsthroughwhich ,|)- emissionsexitthefacility. $$ 0 Thinnermeansaliquidthatisusedtoreducetheviscosityofacoatingandthatevaporates /@,0 beforeorduringthecureofafilm. t0,-1 $$ Ї0 Thinningratiomeansthevolumetricratioofthinnertocoating. H $$ 0 Transferefficiencymeanstheratiooftheamountofcoatingsolidsdepositedontothesurfaceof thecoatedparttothetotalamountofcoatingsolidsused. $$ 0 Treatmentmeansanymethod,technology,orprocessdesignedtoremovesolidsand/or pollutantsfromsolidorliquidwastes,wastestreams,effluents,andairemissions. $$ 0 Unitoperationmeansanindustrialoperation,classifiedorgroupedaccordingtoitsfunctionin ` anoperatingenvironment.Examplesincludepaintmixingvessels(tanks),spraybooths,andpartscleaners.Aunitoperationmayconsistofoneormoreitemsofequipment. $$ 0 Unitoperationsystem(UOS)meanstheensembleofequipmentaroundwhichamaterial X balanceisperformed.AUOSincludesallpossiblepoints/sourcesthatcouldresultinlossestotheatmosphereasaresultoftheoperation. $$ 0 Viscositymeansameasureofacoating'sresistancetoflow. $$ 0 Volatileorganiccompoundmeansanyvolatileorganiccompoundotherthanthoselistedbythe EPAasexemptcompounds. $$ 0 Volumepercentsolidsmeanstheportionofacoatingwhichremainsaspartofthecuredfilm H expressedaspercentbyvolume.Thiscontraststoanotherconventionofexpressingsolidscontentbymasspercent.Oftenapercentageisgivenwithoutspecifyingwhethervolumeormass.Thisisconfusingandleadstoerrorsincoatingcalculations. $$ 0 Wastemanagementmeansthehandling,treatment,storage,anddisposalofsolidorliquidwaste , products. $$ 0 Wasteminimizationmeansthereduction,totheextentfeasible,ofhazardouswastethatis generatedorsubsequentlytreated,storedordisposed.Itincludesanysourcereductionorrecyclingactivityundertakenbeageneratorthatresultsineither(1)thereductionoftotalvolumeorquantityofhazardouswaste,orboth,solongasreductionisconsistentwiththegoalofminimizingpresentandfuturethreatstohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Inorderofpreference,theseactivitiesinclude:sourcereduction,recycling,andtreatment. $$ 0 Waterbornecoatingmeansacoatingthatcontainsmorethan5percentbymasswaterinits d% "% volatilefraction. $$ 0 Workpracticemeansspecifichumanactivitieswithinindustrythatleadtoareductionin (($( emissions(orwaste).Theactivitiesincludeincreasedoperatortraining,managementdirectives,segregationofwastes,andpracticesthatleadtoareductioninthefrequencyofanoperationoractivitythatproducesemissions.Itdoesnotincludetheuseofspecializedequipment,suchassolventdispensers(whichisanequipmentmodification).# XD X X XD= # ԛ