ÿWPC% Œ8‰-ÿ4A¼½ŠŸäQÔ¯éHFç>@=ܳiãÓ‹Wc«#tÑnøñç Ã’’8ëRÆ­È8<¢¤Cà‡¿³Âõÿ‡\ µÂR¨|g¢Æã1D7 ¯·J«{ùµ! çö™SW8‰ðº iU 6(ÇsUp1Aâøš…åVKªx°”ã—£Œ±Òtõ,IˆíïçT÷Ï‚¢l²8=0š‘åÜÓd¨Qõë¹Õ@Äp¹ìÇe<5—JßSÌIëñxýWOGà"íµÊãn¶ZôiÌGêվ΢1 ¬œ§ÁÛ¿<÷æ °,Aטbχ`K#âÀ‡ ÙQè.f é·o¸_™b3c8$òóº˜xökTQÂ;æB÷6Ö7HCwN(¥{‰ù‡­û¿ ƒä®LÚ%äv†¾ì¿F×Í{‚U;¼9 cøŒM(R;Õ¨¼Ê,aáµ\`+ nölZŠÄMSxÑeÁ‚Šm4‚á"ýS¨÷¨Ô÷»çBŒÆUÙ•š¹+¹¶} ­“;M‡µ?ñ÷ k‡A€¬5Ü…0\×ôïÈÙ6Š`²ß¯m2Sšáï‚AÍA4UBØ %  0t° 0l$ 0Ë ‡[ 0â D+o Æš 0` 0=í 0* AQ·fa n. 0r1 0(N£w@ñ41EfEaG[ 0ŽcUNñUF? h^…{ã B^f{UF}b à Bl*Ïaù 0N Æ[Æ!ÆçÆ­ As 0K h- [ h{ˆ#ˆ#ˆ#ˆ#U F%UFI%ô\  `*Times New RomanTT2X' Î6MEMORANDUM Exide0Dan Bowman .   h††ÿÿ:Default ParaDefault Paragraph FontÔ€XXXÔÔW€ô\  `*Times New RomanTTWÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€ôôôÔÔW€ô\  `*Times New RomanTTWÔ`††ÿÿ:footnote reffootnote referenceÔ€XXXÔÔW€ô\  `*Times New RomanTTWÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€ôôôÔÔW€ô\  `*Times New RomanTTWÔ<;Tÿÿ.footerfooterÓ  ÓÓ°°ÀÐ (#ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4°X°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó }Ý ƒK)ÝÔ€2ô[ÑôX2XÔÔ€ô»ôô2ô[ÑÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÓ  ÓÔ  Ô(e2K$©©Ý ƒ]á!ÝÔ€2ôëƒôX2XÔÔ€ôË•ôô2ôëƒÔÓ  ÓÝ  Ý'ÈÈÈÈdxdƒ Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(e2K$££Ý ƒ]á!ÝÔ€2ôëƒôX2XÔÔ€ôË•ôô2ôëƒÔÓ  ÓÝ  Ý(ÿÿ$””Ú  ÚÚ  Ú(e2K$¢¢Ý ƒ]á!ÝÔ€2ôëƒôX2XÔÔ€ôË•ôô2ôëƒÔÓ  ÓÝ  Ý Cþÿ<< cÿÿÔTABLE C|xlC«ô\  `*Times New RomanTTôôCô\  PŽ6QôPô\  `*Times New RomanTTXXPô\  PŽ6QXP<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTTTXXxþ6X@ÉDQX@(J]á$¡¡Ô€ô+œôôôÔÔ€ô+œôôô+œÔÓ  Ó>‡¦$"Small Circleð"ðà0  à cCdCeCEfCgChCiCEjCkCElC‚Å$ÔTABLE B(f3DB$§§Ý ƒ]á!ÝÔ€2ôëƒôX2XÔÔ€ôË•ôô2ôëƒÔÓ  ÓÝ  Ý(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular<4šÛ 9Z ‹.Courier New Regular4Ÿ@8ŸÀ8Ÿ@<Ÿ@<Ÿ@@Ÿ@ÎTABLE C qÝ ƒDB'ÝÔ€2ô[ÑôX2XÔÔ€ô»ôô2ô[ÑÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÓ  Ó dÔ<4šÛ 9Z ‹.Courier New RegularA-1- ù&ÿÿ0 d dTABLE A>û¥$Large Circleððà0  àLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5' ,  I&mage <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKK( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ógÀy@¸Œ@ÀŒ@¸Œ@¸Œ@¸Œ@¸Œ@@i@    †@   ¸Œ@   ƒ@   Hƒ@   †@ÀŒ@@i@`†@¸Œ@€Œ@ ‰@†@`†@@ ƒ@ t@°ƒ@ÀŒ@à€@ø…@¸Œ@¸Œ@¸Œ@   ƒ@!!!@i@"""pŒ@ÍTABLE B!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ÐTABLE A!<4šÛ 9Z ‹.Courier New Regular<4šÛ 9Z ‹.Courier New RegularÝ ƒ]á!ÝÔ€2ô[ÑôX2XÔÔ€ô»ôô2ô[ÑÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÖ€ÿÿÖÓ  ÓÔ€XÄXôô»ÔÔ  ÔÑ  ÑÑTRY3Ø' Letter3Ø'3Ø' Letterÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€q]ôXdÖdÈ7ÑÖ€ÿÿÖÔ‡"Xq]XXXÄÔÔ  ÔÌÌòòÌò òMEMORANDUMóóó óÐ ¾‚ ÐÌÌDATE:à ` àJuly€ñiCñ7ñiCññkCññjCñ9ñjCññkCññlCñ10ñlCñ,€1998Ð N  ÐÌSUBJECT:à0 ` àMeeting€Minutes€from€the€Paper€and€Other€Web€CoatingÐ ú ¾ ÐStakeholders€Roundtable€Meeting€on€June€4,€1998Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌFROM:à ` àTrish€Koman,€USEPA/OAQPS/ESD/CCPGÐ |@  ÐÌTO:à  àà ` àStakeholders€and€Meeting€AttendeesÐ (ì  ÐÌÌà  àA€roundtable€meeting€was€held€to€discuss€the€EnvironmentalÏProtection€Agencyððs€(EPAððs)€integrated€rule€development€for€paperÏand€other€web€coatings.€€Integrated€rule€development€refers€toÏthe€concurrent€development€process€of€two€separate€rules:Ï1)National€Emissions€Standard€for€Hazardous€Air€PollutantsÏ(NESHAP)€for€the€paper€and€other€web€coatings€(POWC)€hazardousÏair€pollutant€(HAP)€source€category€pursuant€to€Section€112(d)€ofÏthe€Clean€Air€Act€(CAA),€and€2)€regulatory€action€for€the€Paper,ÏFilm,€and€Foil€volatile€organic€compounds€(VOC)€category€pursuantÏto€Section€183(e)€of€the€CAA.€€Section€I€of€these€minutesÏincludes€an€overview€of€the€presentations,€and€Section€IIÏincludes€comments€expressed€and€questions€raised€during€theÏmeeting€and€EPAððs€responses.€€A€list€of€meeting€attendees,Ïincluding€those€attending€via€teleconference,€can€be€found€asÏAttachment€1.€€The€meeting€handouts€are€compiled€in€Attachment€2.ÌÌà  àThe€following€information€was€made€available€to€stakeholdersÏfor€the€meeting:€1)the€meeting€agenda;€2)€a€summary€handout€ofÏEPAððs€presentation€overheads;€and,€a€detailed€handout€packet,Ïincluding€3)speaker€notes€and€4)€tables,€charts,€and€graphs.€ÏItems€1,€2,€and€4€are€included€in€Attachment€2.ÌÌò òI.à  àOVERVIEW€OF€PRESENTATIONSó óÐ &Ò& ÐÌà  àTrish€Koman,€the€EPA€project€leader,€began€the€meeting€byÏintroducing€the€POWC€project€team,€consisting€of€herself€andÏcontractor€staff,€headed€by€Dr.Donna€Lee€Jones€ofÏEC/RIncorporated€(EC/R).€€Ms.Koman€proceeded€with€introductionsÏof€meeting€attendees.€€She€presented€the€objectives€of€theÐ   +ä$, Ðmeeting€by€reviewing€the€meeting€agenda,€which€includedÏdiscussions€of€the€POWC€industry€profile,€survey€data€andÏanalysis,€printing€versus€coating€issues,€issues€related€toÏSection€112(c)(6)€of€the€CAA,€and€future€site€visits.€€An€openÏdiscussion€period,€in€which€attendees€could€ask€questions,€wasÏalso€scheduled.ÌÌà  àMs.Koman€reviewed€a€timeline€with€benchmarks€for€theÏintegrated€rule€development.€€The€project€is€on€schedule€forÏproposal€of€a€maximum€achievable€control€technology€(MACT)Ïstandard€in€November€1999.€€Presently,€the€POWC€team€is€workingÏin€the€latter€part€of€the€data€gathering€and€analysis€phase.€ÏMs.Koman€emphasized€the€importance€of€industry€involvement€inÏhelping€to€close€data€gaps€and€provide€on„going€review€of€dataÏanalyses€results.€€Model€plants€are€expected€to€be€developedÏlater€this€summer,€after€current€data€gaps€have€been€filled.ÌÌà  àThe€current€schedule€for€the€POWC€NESHAP€is€as€follows:ÌÌÔ*wƒ ddd Xdd Xdd X°(#°(#wÔÔ,dd ÔÔ,'dd ÔÔ+  ÔÐ # â „„……#ÐÓ  Óò òPOWC€NESHAPó óÐ * ‚F  „„*ÐÓFÓPresumptive€MACTÐ 'ú¾ „„'ÐMay€1997Ð 'ú¾ „„'ÐData€gathering,€analysis,Ïand€model€plantsÐ ':þ „„'Ðmid„1998Ð 'd( „„'ÐRegulatory€optionsÐ '¤h „„'Ðlate€1998Ð '¤h „„'ÐEconomic€impactsÐ 'Ò „„'Ðearly€1999Ð 'Ò „„'ÐProposalÐ 'x< „„'ÐNovemberÏ1999Ð 'N  „„'ÐPromulgationÐ '¸ |! „„'ÐNovemberÏ2000Ð"Ž!R#  "ÐòòÌÌò òIndustry€Profileó óÐ @$% ÐóóÌò òÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦PÝð"ðà0  àÝ  ÝStatus€of€Background€Information€Document€Chaptersó ó݃‡¦PkÝŒÐú%¾'(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àLisa€Sutton€of€EC/R€discussed€the€status€of€the€BackgroundÏInformation€Document€(BID)€for€the€POWC€project.€€Three€of€theÏfour€chapters€of€the€BID€are€currently€in€draft€format.€€TheseÏare€Chapters€1,€2,€and€3,€respectively€titled€as€Introduction,ÏIndustry€Profile,€and€Emissions€Control€Techniques.€€The€fourthÏchapter,€Model€Plants,€will€be€drafted€by€September€1998.€Ð â+¦%. ÐMs.Sutton€noted€the€sources€of€information€used€in€BIDÏdevelopment,€including€survey€data€(discussed€later€in€theÏpresentation),€site€visits,€trade€organizations,€other€industryÏorganizations,€Toxic€Release€Inventory€(TRI)€data,€1992€CensusÏinformation,€and€additional€literature.€€Additional€data€sourcesÏinclude€the€1994€Gravure€Association€of€America€(GAA)€survey,Ï1991EPA€Control€Techniques€Handbook,€1990€Office€of€Air€QualityÏPlanning€and€Standards€(OAQPS)€Cost€Manual,€1984€EPA€report€onÏthe€Paper,€Film,€and€Foil€source€category,€and€the€1980€PressureÏSensitive€Tape€BID.ÌÌà  àMs.Sutton€described€the€structure€of€the€BID.€€Chapter€1€isÏgeneric€to€all€MACT€standards.€This€chapter€describes€the€sourceÏcategory,€primary€products€and€substrates,€and€defines€coating.€ÏChapter€2€is€more€specific€to€the€industry€and€describes€coatingÏprocesses,€materials,€and€eight€industry€sectors€to€be€regulatedÏunder€the€POWC€rule.€Chapter€3€describes€emission€controlÏtechniques€used€in€the€industry,€such€as€thermal€oxidizers,Ïcarbon€adsorbers,€and€solvent€recovery.€€It€also€discussesÏcapture€systems,€and€pollution€prevention€(P2›)€measures.€TheÏmodel€plant€chapter€œat€this€point€may€include›€model€plants€orÏmodel€plant€groups€of€the€three€surveyed€industry€sectors,€and€atÏleast€one€model€plant€group€to€represent€the€remaining€sectors.€ÏIf€specific€information€is€received€for€other€sectors,€more€modelÏplant€groups€may€be€developed.€€œDr.Jones›€noted€that€the€œEPA›Ïœdevelops›€a€model€plant€group€for€each€unique€set€of€economic€dataÏ(i.e.,€sales€revenues€and€costs).ÌÌà  àTom€Godonis€inquired€whether€the€POWC€team€would€likeÏindustry€input€in€model€plant€development.€€œMs.Koman›€respondedÏthat€this€would€be€welcomed.€€EPA€will€seek€industry€input€on€theÏdraft€BID€chapters,€some€of€which€may€be€available€for€reviewÏlater€this€summer.ÌÌò òÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦ðÝð"ðà0  àÝ  ÝEstimated€Number€of€POWC€Facilitiesó ó݃‡¦ð ݌Ш"l"(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones€conveyed›€that€it€is€a€very€challenging€endeavor€toÏdevelop€an€accurate€facility€count€for€the€POWC€source€œcategoryÏbecause›€œit€is›€a€"catch-all"€source€category€rather€than€aÏœdiscretely„defined›€one.€€The€POWC€team€is€currently€trying€toÏestimate€the€number€of€affected€facilities.€€This€informationÏwill€be€used€to€estimate€the€regulatory€impacts€of€MACT,€as€wellÏas€to€point€out€currently€unidentified€industry€sectors€whichÏwill€fall€under€POWC.€€Estimates€are€being€gathered€from€a€numberÏof€sources€of€information.€€The€team€is€aspiring€to€converge€on€aÏgood€estimate€for€POWC€using€information€from€all€the€sources,Ð è+¬%- Ðtaking€into€account€the€limitations€of€each€data€source.€€To€moreÏaccurately€reflect€the€number€of€POWC€facilities,€the€team€willÏneed€stakeholder€input€to€evaluate€data€for€specific€sectors.ÌÌà  àDespite€all€efforts€to€develop€an€accurate€count€of€POWCÏfacilities,€the€final€estimate€for€a€POWC€facility€count€willÏlikely€be€a€range€of€values.€€This€is€due€to€the€uncertainties€inÏestimation€previously€described,€the€most€prominent€of€which€isÏthat€POWC€is€a€"catch-all"€category.€ÌÌà  àÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  Ýò òÝ‚‡¦9!Ýð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝTrade€Organizationsó ó݃‡¦9!W!݌И\ ` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœMs.Sutton›€indicated€that,€based€on€direct€counts€from€tradeÏorganizations,€it€is€estimated€that€there€are€2,300€POWCÏfacilities€included€in€38€trade€organizations.€€However,€thisÏvalue€has€questionable€accuracy.€€It€is€expected€that€there€isÏoverlap€of€facilities€between€the€organizations.€€It€is€alsoÏlikely€that€not€all€of€these€facilities€actually€perform€coating.€ÏHowever,€it€is€also€likely€that€there€are€trade€organizationsÏthat€should€be€listed€but€are€not€included.€ÌÌà  àœMs.Sutton›€further€discussed€the€role€of€trade€organizationsÏin€developing€a€facility€count€estimate.€€She€noted€the€counts€inÏthe€œINDUST.WK4›€table€in€the€detailed€handout€packet.€€ThisÏincludes€facility€estimates€for€each€trade€organization€andÏcontains€documentation€on€the€information€sources€for€each€tradeÏorganization€estimate.€€A€table,€œINDUSTRYNO.WK4›,€portrays€theÏtype€of€information€that€is€needed€by€the€POWC€team€to€furtherÏdevelop€the€facility€count€estimate.€€œMs.Sutton›€requested€thatÏthe€attendees€use€this€table€to€submit€information€directly€toÏEC/R.€ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€moved€on€to€discuss€Standard€IndustrialÏClassification€(SIC)€codes€that€are€included€in€the€POWC€sourceÏcategory€at€this€point.€€It€was€necessary€to€identify€theÏapplicable€SIC€codes,€since€some€data€sources€use€them€toÏclassify€facilities.€€Currently,€22€SIC€codes€have€beenÏidentified€as€potentially€defining€the€POWC€category.€€œDr.Jones›Ïrelayed€that€these€SIC€codes€are€listed€in€the€œSICONLY.WK4›€tableÏin€the€detailed€handout€packet.Ìà  àÌà  àœDr.Jones›€emphasized€that€only€a€percentage€of€theÏfacilities€in€each€SIC€code€conduct€web€coating€operations;€someÏSICs€have€higher€percentages€of€web€coating€facilities€thanÏœothers.€€Additionally,›€she€indicated€that€survey€data€for€theÏfirst€four€SIC€codes€(2295,€2297,€2396,€and€2591)€will€beÐ è+¬%- Ðcollected€under€the€Fabric€Coating,€Printing,€and€Dyeing€NESHAPÏ(Fabric€MACT)€effort.€ÌÌà  àAlex€Ross€proposed€obtaining€facility€count€and€overlapÏinformation€from€the€trade€associations€present€at€the€meeting,Ïparticularly€the€Flexible€Packaging€Association€(FPA).€ÏMarkWygonik€of€the€FPA€responded€that€the€organization€has€notÏgathered€that€type€of€information€about€its€membership.€€œMr.Ross›Ïalso€suggested€contacting€the€Flexographic€Technical€Association,Ïa€member€of€the€POWC€stakeholder€group,€to€clarify€some€of€theÏoverlap€areas.ÌÌà  àœMr.Ross›€stated€that€the€EPA€should€refine€the€SIC€codeÏclassification€scheme,€as€SIC€codes€were€not€designed€toÏcorrespond€to€operations.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€that€the€EPA€doesÏhave€source€classification€codes€(SCCs)€for€obtaining€operations„¼specific€data,€as€in€EPAððs€Aerometric€Information€RetrievalÏSystem€(AIRS).€€However,€SCCs€have€not€proved€useful€in€obtainingÏfacility€count€information€for€this€project.€€Hank€Naour€addedÏthat€SIC€codes€are€being€revamped€with€subdivision€in€some€cases.€ÏLarry€Sorrels€noted€that€a€new€classification€system€is€replacingÏthe€SIC€system.€€This€system,€called€the€North€American€IndustryÏClassification€System€(NAICS),€will€be€available€next€year.€€ÌÌà  àÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  Ýò òÝ‚‡¦D.Ýð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝToxic€Release€Inventory€(TRI)€Dataó ó݃‡¦D.b.ÝŒÐL` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àKavita€Bhatia€of€EC/R€discussed€a€search€of€the€ToxicÏRelease€Inventory€(TRI)€database€that€was€conducted€to€uncoverÏpotential€POWC€facilities.€The€database€was€searched€using€20€ofÏthe€22€POWC€SIC€codes€as€the€primary€SIC€code.€This€searchÏrevealed€620€potential€POWC€facilities€in€the€TRI€database.€ÏœMs.Bhatia›€explained€that€more€facilities€are€expected€to€beÏuncovered€when€nonprimary€SICs€are€also€included€in€the€search.ÏThe€POWC€team€will€be€pursuing€the€use€of€the€22€POWC€SIC€codesÏas€nonprimary€SIC€codes€in€the€TRI€database€in€the€near€future.ÌÌà  àœMs.Bhatia›€noted€that€the€TRI€database€is€expected€toÏreflect€the€larger€sources€in€the€POWC€category,€since€only€largeÏsources€are€included€(i.e.,€œðð€12.5›€tons€per€year€manufactured€orÐ &Ò& МÔ#†X¤ XX"X±]]#ÔÔ‡2X±]XXX¤ ÔððÔ#†X¤ XX2X±]72#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ Ô€5›€tons€per€year€used€of€TRI€pollutants).€€œMs.Bhatia›€pointedÐ ä&¨ ' Ðout€that€the€œTRIPOWC.WK4›€table€in€the€detailed€handout€packetÏcontains€the€TRI€data.Ìâ âÐ f)*#* ÐÔ&  Ôà  àÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  Ýò òÝ‚‡¦3Ýð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝCensus€Dataó ó݃‡¦33ÝŒÐ<` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌâ âà  àœDr.Jones›€described€Ô'<g3Ôthe€results€of€searching€census€data.Ïâ âThe€census€data€indicated€an€estimated€12,000€facilities€for€21Ïof€the€22€aforementioned€SIC€codes.€œDr.Jones›€indicated€that€thisÏis€expected€to€be€a€high€estimate€for€the€POWC€category.ÏœDr.Jones›€asked€that€the€relevant€stakeholder€groups€reconcileÏthe€census€numbers€found€in€the€œCBP95SIC.WK4›€table€(in€theÏdetailed€handout€packet)€with€their€trade€organization€lists.ÌÌà  àKevin€Barnett€asked€if€the€number€of€employees€reported€inÏthe€census€data€represent€all€employees€in€the€facilities€orÏcompanies,€or€those€employees€performing€POWC€activities€only.€ÏDr.Jones€responded€that€this€is€unclear;€however,€the€number€ofÏemployees€is€most€likely€the€total€number€in€the€collectiveÏfacilities€under€the€SIC€code.ÌÌà  àÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  Ýò òÝ‚‡¦s7Ýð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝNSPS€Estimate€and€Projection€based€on€NPCA€GrowthÐ €D ÐFactorsó ó݃‡¦s7‘7ÝŒÐd(` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€stated€that€the€1984€NSPS€value€for€the€number€ofÏPOWC€facilities€is€1,700.€€Applying€NPCA€growth€factors€to€theÏ1984€estimate,€the€number€of€facilities€in€the€year€2000€will€beÏapproximately€2,400.€€The€NPCA€growth€factors€range€from€0€(1991)Ïto€5.9%€(1993),€for€an€average€(mean)€of€1.5%€and€a€median€ofÏ1.8%.ÌÌà  àÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  Ýò òÝ‚‡¦°9Ýð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝOther€Approachesó ó݃‡¦°9Î9ÝŒÐø¼` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€explained€that€two€additional€sources€ofÏinformation€will€be€examined€to€determine€their€usefulness€inÏestimating€the€number€of€POWC€facilities.€€The€Dun€&€BradstreetÏdatabase€is€currently€under€review€by€the€POWC€team.€€A€count€ofÏfacilities€from€this€database€is€formed€in€manner€similar€to€theÏfacility€count€from€the€census€data.€€In€addition,€these€data€areÏexpected€to€produce€one€of€the€higher€estimates.€€In€the€nearÏfuture,€data€from€A.€F.€Lewis€will€be€reviewed€as€well.€€The€A.F.ÏLewis€data€will€focus€primarily€on€SIC€27.ÌÌà  àCheryl€Kasunich€mentioned€that€A.F.€Lewis€mainly€tracksÏsupplier€data€and€may€be€neither€useful€nor€cost„effective€forÏcollecting€facility€count€information.€€œMs.Kasunich›€suggestedÏthat€the€Lockwoodððs€Directory€may€be€a€better€resource€forÏinformation€on€coating€facilities.Ìâ âÐ <+%, Ðà  àœMr.Naour›€asked€whether€the€POWC€team€has€accessed€Title€VÏâ âpermits€in€developing€the€POWC€industry€profile.€€œMs.Koman›Ïresponded€that€EPAððs€Coatings€and€Consumer€Products€Group€(CCPG)Ïrule€development€teams€have€jointly€requested€this€type€of€dataÏfrom€22€states;€data€from€several€states€are€being€analyzed€byÏdesignated€coating€rule€teams.ÌÌò òÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦=?Ýð"ðà0  àÝ  ÝData€Gathering€from€Additional€Sectorsó ó݃‡¦=?X?݌РÚ(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€discussed€several€additional€potential€dataÏsources€and€the€current€status€of€œefforts›€related€to€thoseÏsources.€€The€POWC€team€is€currently€in€the€process€of€gatheringÏdata€from€the€Coated€Abrasives€Manufacturers€Institute€(CAMI).€ÏPreliminary€discussions€have€revealed€that€because€of€theÏwidespread€use€of€catalytic€incinerators€that€achieve€95€toÏœ99percent›€control,€the€average€controlled€HAP€emissions€perÏfacility€are€expected€to€be€as€low€as€1€ton€per€year€from€CAMIÏfacilities.€€The€POWC€team€is€awaiting€additional€data€from€CAMIÏto€determine€whether€any€of€these€facilities€are€synthetic€minorÏsources.€€Susan€Young€indicated€that€CAMI€is€near€completion€inÏits€review€of€the€blank€survey€form€of€one€POWC€industry€segment,Ïwith€the€intent€of€providing€similar€information.ÌÌà  àPaul€Narog€asked€whether€CAMI€was€being€surveyed.€€œDr.Jones›Ïresponded€that€CAMI€had€not€been€and€probably€would€not€beÏsurveyed.€€Instead,€CAMI€will€respond€to€a€set€of€questions.€ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€mentioned€that€several€additional€data€sourcesÏincluded€data€from€the€Fabric€MACT€survey€and€American€ForestryÏand€Paper€Association€(AF&PA)€site€visits.€€She€concluded€byÏnoting€that€tires€and€most€rubber€products€(hoses€and€gaskets)Ïwill€be€covered€by€other€rules.ÌÌòòò òSurvey€Data€and€Analysisó óóóÐ à!¤! ÐÌà  àœDr.Jones›€proceeded€to€discuss€survey€data€and€analysis.€ÏSurvey€data€were€collected€from€three€segments€of€the€POWCÏindustry:€the€Pressure€Sensitive€Tapes€and€Labels€(PST),€FlexibleÏVinyl€and€Film€(Film),€and€Industrial€and€Decorative€LaminatesÏ(IDL)€segments.€€These€segments€were€identified€as€the€highestÏHAP€emitters€based€on€TRI€data.€€The€POWC€team€analyzed€theÏsurvey€data€from€these€three€segments€separately€as€well€asÏtogether€in€the€combined€data€set.€€The€combined€data€set€is€aÏsimple€combination€of€the€data,€where€each€individual€survey€hasÏthe€same€weight€as€any€other€survey.ÌÐ ö+º%- Ðà  àœDr.Jones›€noted€that€two€separate€sets€of€analyses€were€toÏbe€performed€on€these€data.€€These€were:€1)€analyses€on€theÏentire€set€of€surveys,€and€2)€analyses€on€major€sources€only.€ÏThe€total€number€of€surveys€collected€that€contained€useful€dataÏis€174.€€Of€these€174€surveys,€89€are€from€the€PST€segment,€58Ïfrom€the€Film€segment,€and€27€from€the€IDL€segment.€€œDr.Jones›Ïnoted€that€the€"All€Survey"€analyses€are€complete,€and€will€beÏdiscussed€in€this€presentation.€€Only€some€of€the€"Major€Source"Ïanalyses€have€been€completed,€so€they€were€discussed€in€a€limitedÏfashion.ÌÌÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦ JÝð"ðà0  àÝ  Ýò òð ðAll€Surveyðð€Analysesó ó݃‡¦ J$JÝŒÐn2 (#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€explained€that€the€ð ðAll€Surveyðð€analyses€consistÏof€1)€analyses€related€only€to€coating€lines;€2)€analyses€onlyÏfor€ð ðother€HAP€sourcesðð€(excluding€coating€lines);€and,Ï3)analyses€of€data€for€both€coating€lines€and€other€HAP€sourcesÏtogether€(i.e.,€all€HAP€sources).€€The€category€ð ðother€HAPÏsourcesðð€includes€laminating,€hot€melt,€extrusion€andÏcalendering,€storage€and€mixing/formulation,€cleaning,€materialÏtransfer,€wastewater,€printing,€and€other€miscellaneous€sources.ÏDr€Jones€noted€that€hot€melt,€extrusion,€and€calendering€wereÏincluded€with€the€PST€coating€line€analysis,€although€theseÏsources€were€included€with€the€other€HAP€sources€for€Film€and€IDLÏanalyses.€€ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€then€described€several€terms€to€allow€easierÏunderstanding€of€the€statistical€analyses€in€the€presentation.€ÏThe€ð ðoverall€control€efficiencyðð€(%OCE)€is€the€product€of€theÏcapture€efficiency€and€the€control€device€control/destructionÏefficiency.€€The€ð ðmeanðð€is€the€average€of€a€list€of€values.ÌÌà  àShe€defined€the€use€of€the€ð ðmedianðð€value€in€the€POWCÏanalyses.€€In€the€case€of€an€even€number€of€values,€the€median€isÏthe€value€next€higher€than€the€true€middle,€when€the€numbers€areÏranked€from€the€highest€efficiency€to€the€lowest.€€For€example,Ïin€the€series€1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10€€the€true€middle€is€between€5Ïand€6;€therefore,€the€median€would€be€6.€€ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€continued€the€discussion€of€statistical€terms€byÏdescribing€the€use€of€the€term€ð ðpercentile,ðð€defining€the€100thÏpercentile€as€the€best€controlled€source€and€the€0th€percentileÏas€the€least€controlled€source.€€She€then€defined€the€ð ðtop€œ12%,ðð›Ïas€used€in€the€analyses.€€An€illustration€of€the€top€12%€conceptÏis€provided€for€an€example€data€set€in€the€œFLOOR.WK4›€sheet€in€theÏdetailed€handout€packet.€€The€top€12%€value€is€significantÐ è+¬%- Ðbecause€the€CAA€states€that€the€MACT€floor€should€not€be€lessÏstringent€than€"the€average€emission€limitation€achieved€by€theÏbest€performing€12€percent€of€the€existing€sources€(for€which€theÏAdministrator€has€emissions€information)."ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€described€several€statistical€analyses€that€wereÏperformed€on€the€dataset.€€These€included€finding€the€highestÏvalues,€the€lowest€values,€the€average€value€(i.e.,€the€mean),Ïthe€88th€percentile€value€and€top€12%,€and€the€median€of€the€topÏ12%.€€Other€noteworthy€analyses€œwere›€performed,€such€asÏcalculation€of€the€80th€percentile€and€the€percentile/rank€whereÏ%OCE€falls€to€zero,€but€were€not€extensively€discussed€in€theÏpresentation.ÌÌà  àò òÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦ýTÝð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝData€Groupingsó ó݃‡¦ýTUÝŒÐð´ ` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€described€the€delineation€of€data€within€the€ð ðAllÏSurveyðð€analyses.€€The€coating€line€data€is€divided€into€twoÏgroupings,€one€by€line,€and€the€other€by€facility.€The€non„¼coating€line€data€is€also€separated€into€two€groups,€one€byÏsource,€and€the€other€by€facility.€€These€groups€are€furtherÏdivided€into€subgroups.€€The€total€HAP€emissions€by€facility€wereÏestimated€by€%OCE,€and€by€pound€of€HAP€emitted€per€pound€ofÏcoating€solid€used€at€the€facility.€€The€last€analysis,€whichÏonly€includes€facilities€where€%OCE€is€equal€to€zero,€is€intendedÏto€target€those€facilities€that€may€be€using€pollution€preventionÏ(i.e.,€"compliant"€coatings€or€other€low-HAP€coatings).ÌÌà  àò òÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦eXÝð"ðà0 ` àÝ  ÝResults݃‡¦eX€X݌вv` (#` (# ÐŒÝ  Ýó óÌà  àœDr.Jones›€then€moved€on€to€describe€the€data€analysesÏresults.€€Analysisœ1a›€describes€coating€line€%OCE€by€coatingÏline.€€The€results€are€summarized€in€the€œALL1AOH.WK4›€spreadsheetÏin€the€detailed€handout€packet.€€Analysis€œ1b›€describes€coatingÏline€%OCE€by€facility,€and€its€results€are€summarized€in€theÏœALL1BOH.WK4›€spreadsheet€in€the€detailed€handout€packet.€ÏœDr.Jones›€presented€the€numbers€from€this€first€set€of€analyses,Ïwhich€elicited€a€number€of€responses€from€the€group.€€The€generalÏopinion€was€that€the€numbers€were€quite€high.€€ÌÌà  àBob€Nelson€inquired€about€the€magnitude€of€the€actualÏemissions€corresponding€to€the€99.1€percent€HAP€control€value,Ïthe€median€%OCE€of€the€top€12%€of€the€combined€data€set€inÏAnalysis€œ1a›.€€œDr.Jones›€responded€that€although€this€value€isÏunavailable€at€present,€it€could€be€found€in€the€database€andÏwould€be€interesting€to€examine.Ð ö+º%- Їà  àFollowing€discussion€of€the€coating€line€analyses,€theÏsecond€set€of€analyses€were€described.€€These€two€analyses€coverÏnon„coating€line€sources.€€Analysis€œ2a›€describes€other€HAPÏsources€%OCE€by€source,€while€Analysis€œ2b›€covers€other€HAPÏsources€%OCE€by€facility.€€These€two€analyses€are€included€in€theÏdetailed€handout€packet€in€the€œALL2AOH.WK4›€spreadsheet€andÏœALL2BOH.WK4›€spreadsheet,€respectively.€€Again,€œDr.Jonesðð›Ïpresentation€of€these€numbers€led€to€a€number€of€comments€andÏquestions€from€the€group.ÌÌà  àKatie€œHornbarger›€questioned€why€the€POWC€team€collected€andÏanalyzed€HAP€emissions€data€from€sources€other€than€coating€linesÏat€a€given€facility.€€œMs.Koman›€replied€that€the€EPA€is€requiredÏto€gather€data€on€all€facility€HAP€sources€to€ensure€that€theÏimportant€ones€have€been€identified.ÌÌà  àJennifer€Griffith€asked€how€HAP€emissions€from€coating€linesÏcompared€to€HAP€emissions€from€other€HAP€sources.€€œMs.Koman›Ïreplied€that€coating€line€HAP€emissions€far€exceed€HAP€emissionsÏfrom€other€sources.€€However,€lamination€operations€may€be€anÏexception,€perhaps€contributing€significantly€to€HAP€emissions.ÌÌà  àœEmil›€Studinka€inquired€about€the€working€definition€ofÏlamination,€one€of€the€non„coating€HAP€sources.€€œMs.Koman›Ïresponded€that€as€with€many€other€terms€(such€as€ð ðcoatingðð€andÏð ðprintingðð),€lamination€is€not€clearly€defined.€€The€POWC€teamÏrelied€on€the€facilityððs€identification€of€its€operations€asÏincluding€lamination.ÌÌà  àLarry€Hicks€wondered€if€another€regulation€would€oversee€HAPÏemissions€from€wastewaters€at€a€POWC€facility.€€œMs.Koman›€statedÏthat€liquid€effluent€guidelines€are€emerging€in€a€rule€thatÏapplies€to€publicly€owned€treatment€works,€but€that€this€wouldÏnot€influence€POWC€facilities.€€œDr.Jones›€stated€that€œñdCñMr.€HicksñdCññdCñ›heñdCñ›Ïmay€have€been€recalling€the€wastewater€component€of€the€HazardousÏOrganic€NESHAP€(HON)€rule,€which€also€would€not€impact€POWCÏfacilities.ÌÌà  àThe€third€analysis€covers€total€facility€HAP€emissions.€ÏAnalysis€3€contains€%OCE€for€all€HAP€sources€combined€(i.e.,€bothÏcoating€line€and€other€HAP€sources)€and€is€summarized€in€theÏœALL3OH.WK4›€spreadsheet€in€the€detailed€handout€packet.ÌÌà  àThe€last€set€of€analyses€focuses€on€pound€of€HAP€per€poundÏof€coating€solids€(lb/lb)€data.€Analysis€4€covers€lb/lb€for€totalÏfacility€HAP€emissions€for€all€facilities€in€the€database.€€TheÐ Ú+ž%- Ðanalysis€is€summarized€in€the€œALL4OH.WK4›€spreadsheet,€found€inÏthe€detailed€handout€packet.ÌÌà  àAnalysis€5€also€covers€lb/lb€but€only€contains€the€data€forÏfacilities€whose€%OCE€is€equal€to€zero.€€The€data€for€thisÏanalysis€is€contained€in€the€œALL5OH.WK4›€spreadsheet€in€theÏdetailed€handout€packet.ÌÌà  àIn€response€to€the€low€lb/lb€median€of€top€12%€value€inÏAnalysis€5,€Nelson€Lawson€suggested€checking€the€results€againstÏsimilar€analyses€performed€for€existing€coating€rules.€€Ms.KomanÏresponded€that€the€POWC€team€may€compare€data€with€informationÏfrom€the€Aerospace,€Wood€Furniture,€Shipbuilding,€and€MagneticÏTape€rules.€€œMr.Barnett›€mentioned€that€the€Coil€Coating€MACTÏproject€team€will€be€performing€a€similar€analysis€in€the€nearÏfuture.ÌÌà  àœMs.Griffith›€commented€that€Analysis€4€does€not€seem€veryÏuseful,€as€it€includes€data€from€any€facility€reporting€a€lb/lbÏvalue.€€Thus,€such€facilities€could€be€using€a€combination€ofÏcompliant€coatings€and€add„on€control,€which€complicates€theÏassessment€of€emissions€control.€€œMs.Koman›€agreed€that€AnalysisÏ5€is€more€clearly€significant,€and€explained€that€Analysis€4€wasÏcomputed€to€obtain€an€idea€of€the€top€12€%€of€facilitiesÏselecting€multiple€strategies€for€emissions€control.ÌÌà  àFollowing€the€discussion€of€the€analyses€presented€byÏœDr.Jones,›€the€group€broke€for€lunch.€ÌÌÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦ÈkÝð"ðà0  àÝ  Ýò òVinyl€Coating€Analysesó ó݃‡¦ÈkãkÝŒÐz>(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àFollowing€the€lunch€break,€the€group€continued€the€surveyÏdata€and€analysis€discussion.€œDr.Jones›€proceeded€to€discussÏvinyl€coating€(i.e.,€the€coating€of€a€vinyl€substrate).€€SheÏnoted€that€the€survey€data€showed€very€little€difference€betweenÏHAP€control€efficiency€for€vinyl€coating€compared€to€otherÏsubstrates.€€She€then€indicated€the€underlying€reason€forÏperforming€separate€analyses€on€vinyl€sources.€€EPAððs€ControlÏTechnique€Guidelines€(CTG)€vinyl€VOC€limit€was€3.8€lb/gal,Ïcompared€to€2.9€lb/gal€for€paper€and€fabric.€€The€POWC€teamÏwanted€to€determine€the€cause€for€this€difference,€as€well€asÏdetermine€if€this€difference€exists€in€the€POWC€database.€ÏœDr.Jones›€determined€that€this€higher€CTG€value€is€likely€basedÏon€a€higher€baseline€level€of€VOC€in€vinyl€coatings€than€paperÏand€fabric€coatings.€€œDr.Jones›€noted€that€the€VINYL-1.œWK4›Ïspreadsheet€in€the€detailed€handout€packet€displays€all€of€theÐ è+¬%- Ðvinyl€analyses.€€The€VINYL-2.œWK4›€spreadsheet€(in€the€detailedÏhandout€packet)€compares€the€vinyl€data€to€the€combined€ð ðAllÏSurveyðð€data.€€œDr.Jones›€noted€that€the€vinyl€HAP€%OCE€rangesÏfrom€0€to€99€percent,€with€the€median€of€the€top€12%€beingÏœ98percent.›€€In€addition,€the€88th€percentile€value€is€alsoÏœ98percent.›ÌÌà  àœDr.Jones›€continued€by€discussing€some€of€the€other€resultsÏfrom€the€vinyl€analyses.€€She€indicated€that€the€lb/lb€level€forÏvinyl€was€higher€than€for€the€combined€database.€€However,€theÏmedian€lb/lb€of€the€top€12%€was€still€much€lower€than€theÏpresumptive€MACT€(p„MACT)€0.2lb/lb€level.€€œDr.Jones›€thenÏdiscussed€the€lb/lb€level€for€facilities€coating€vinyl€whose€%OCEÏequals€zero.€€She€indicated€that€the€median€of€the€top€12%€forÏthese€facilities€is€at€the€same€level€as€the€combined€database.€€ÏIn€addition,€the€top€12%€lb/lb€for€vinyl€is€much€lower€than€the€Ìp„MACT€lb/lb€level.€€She€then€noted€that€for€both€the€ð ðAll€VinylððÏand€the€ð ð%OCE€equals€zero€Vinylðð€analyses,€the€percentage€ofÏvinyl€facilities€with€lb/lb€less€than€or€equal€to€the€p„MACTÏlevel€is€actually€higher€than€in€the€combined€database.ÌÌà  àœMs.Kasunich›€asked€for€clarification€on€whether€the€vinylÏcoating€analyses€consider€vinyl€as€a€substrate€to€be€coated€or€asÏa€component€in€a€coating€formulation.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€thatÏthe€analyses€were€concerned€with€the€coating€of€a€vinyl€webÏsubstrate.€€œMr.Ross›€indicated€that€vinyl€coatings€are€classifiedÏeither€as€organisols€or€plastisols€and€can€be€applied€to€manyÏsubstrates,€such€as€paper€and€vinyl€itself.ÌÌà  àœMs.Griffith›€requested€confirmation€that€vinyl€coating€isÏnot€a€special€case,€warranting€subcategorization.€€œMs.Koman›Ïcorroborated€her€statement€but€indicated€that€other€analysesÏwould€be€performed€to€uncover€any€cases€in€which€overall€controlÏefficiencies€differed€significantly€from€the€survey€databaseÏaverage€and€top€12%€%OCE.ÌÌà  àœMr.Ross›€asked€if€data€from€vinyl€flooring€manufacturersÏœwere›€collected,€œsince€he€believed€that€vinyl›€flooring€productionÏinvolves€web€processes.€€œDr.Jones›€stated€that€theseÏmanufacturers€may€not€have€been€surveyed€for€the€POWC€project,Ïbut€that€data€concerning€the€web€coating€of€vinyl€as€a€substrateÏfor€other€products€was€collected.€€Jeff€Rezin€revealed€that€manyÏvinyl€flooring€manufacturers€purchase€precoated€vinyl;€thus,€theyÏwould€not€have€had€to€complete€a€survey,€as€long€as€originalÏvinyl€coaters€were€contacted.€€œMs.Kasunich›€added€that€there€areÏonly€six€companies€in€the€business€of€vinyl€flooring€manufacture.€Ð Ú+ž%- ÐMatthew€Waite€commented€that€information€on€vinyl€flooringÏmanufacturers€would€have€likely€been€provided€by€the€GravureÏAssociation€of€America.€€ÌÌÝ‚‡¦ÿÝÝ  ÝÝ‚‡¦{Ýð"ðà0  àÝ  Ýò òMajor€Source€Analysesó ó݃‡¦{{݌Д X(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌà  àœDr.Jones›€began€the€discussion€of€major€source€analyses€byÏdefining€the€term€ð ðmajor€source.ðð€€€According€to€Section€112(a)Ïof€the€CAA,€ð ðthe€term€major€source€means€any€stationary€source€orÏgroup€of€stationary€sources€located€within€a€contiguous€area€andÏunder€common€control€that€emits€or€has€the€potential€to€emitÏconsidering€controls,€in€the€aggregate,€10€tons€per€year€or€moreÏof€any€HAP€or€25€tons€per€year€or€more€of€any€combination€ofÏHAPs.ðð€€œSee€Attachment3€for€a€copy€of€the€citation.€€These›€HAPÏemissions€are€based€on€controlled,€or€actual,€emissions.€ÏHowever,€for€the€analyses,€synthetic€minor€sources,€or€facilitiesÏwhose€controlled€emissions€are€less€than€the€major€sourceÏthresholds€but€whose€uncontrolled€emissions€exceed€these€values,Ïwere€included.€€œDr.Jones›€then€noted€that€there€are€a€total€ofÏœ85major›€sources,€and€42€synthetic€minor€sources€in€the€POWCÏdatabase.€€Together,€these€127€sources€represent€73%€of€theÏdatabase.€€œDr.Jones›€mentioned€that€the€number€of€major€sourcesÏlisted€in€the€handouts€is€inaccurate,€and€the€numbers€presentedÏin€this€text€are€the€actual€values.ÌÌà  àCharlie€Carter€questioned€the€validity€of€using€data€fromÏsynthetic€minor€sources,€together€with€œtrue›€major€source€data,€inÏperforming€the€MACT€floor€analysis.€€He€cited€the€CAAÏspecification€that€only€major€sources,€defined€as€exceeding€theÏthresholds€considering€controls,€are€to€be€subject€to€MACTÏstandards.€€œMs.Koman›€explained€that€there€is€a€distinctionÏbetween€inclusion€in€the€MACT€floor€analysis€and€being€subject€toÏthe€regulation;€thus,€it€is€valid€to€include€synthetic€minorÏsources€in€computing€the€MACT€floor.€€œMs.Koman›€then€confirmedÏMr.Narogððs€statement€that€area€sources,€constituting€the€otherÏ27€percent€of€the€survey€database,€are€not€used€in€calculatingÏthe€MACT€floor.€€œMr.Narog›€further€questioned€whether€the€POWCÏrule€would€include€major€sources€only.€€œMs.Koman›€replied€thatÏthe€EPA€has€the€discretion€to€develop€requirements€for€areaÏsources;€if€these€were€developed,€they€would€be€contained€in€theÏPOWC€NESHAP.ÌÌòòò òPrinting€vs.€Coating€Issuesó óóóÐ f)*#* ÐÌò òà  àœó óMs.Koman›€discussed€the€attempts€that€have€been€made€toÐ  +ä$, Ðdifferentiate€between€printing€and€coating.€€œShe›€noted€that€theÐ ö+º%- ÐEPA€is€currently€working€with€the€printing€industry€to€attempt€toÏclassify€their€emissions€and€stated€that€the€goal€is€to€avoidÏrequirements€that€conflict€with€the€Printing€and€PublishingÏNESHAP€(P&P€rule).€€ò òÐ ¾‚ ÐÌó óà  àAttendees€asked€to€review€distinctions€between€printing€andÐ x < Ðcoating€to€clarify€rule€coverage€for€the€POWC€rule€and€P&P€rule.€ÏœMs.Koman›€elaborated€that€EPAððs€definitions€œfor›€ð ðprintingðð€andÏð ðcoating,ðð€specified€in€the€P&P€rule,€are€working€definitions€andÏdo€not€account€for€all€existing€scenarios.€€œPrinting€operationsÏcan€be€described€as€the€application€of€images€(i.e.,€words,Ïdesigns,€and€pictures)€to€a€substrate,€often€for€mostlyÏdecorative€purposes;€coating€operations€can€be€defined€as€theÏapplication€of€a€coating€across€the€entire€length€or€width€of€aÏsubstrate€to€provide€a€covering,€finish,€or€protective€layer,€orÏto€provide€adhesion€between€two€substrates€(as€in€lamination).›€ÏHowever,€spot€coating,€adhesive€coating€for€envelopes,€andÏinstances€in€which€the€entire€web€is€not€coated€because€of€trimsÏare€examples€of€coating€in€which€the€present€coating€definitionÏdoes€not€œhold.›ÌÌà  àœMs.Kasunich›€commented€that€in€the€gravure€printing€industryÏsegment,€printing€and€coating€activities€are€generally€conductedÏon€the€same€process€line€and€are€configured€to€a€common€controlÏdevice.€€It€is€likely€that€these€facilities€will€choose€toÏcontrol€HAP€emissions€from€both€printing€and€coating€under€theÏP&P€œrule,€where€this€is€allowed€under€the€NESHAP€(Note:€not€allÏprinters€are€able€to€meet€the€requirements).›€€Asking€StateÏagencies€for€the€number€of€facilities€submitting€notification€ofÏintent€to€comply€with€the€P&P€rule€may€provide€an€approximateÏidea€of€the€maximum€number€of€printers€for€the€POWC€sourceÏcategory.ò òÐ 4 ø ÐÌòòCAA€Section€112(c)(6)€Issuesó óóóÐ î!²! ÐÌà  àœMs.Koman›€briefly€discussed€Section€112(c)(6)€of€the€CAAÏœ(see€ñcCñEPAððs€ñcCñUnified€Air€Toxics€website€web€page€printout€inÏAttachment2ñaCññ`Cñ)€ñ`CññaCññbCñ)€ñbCñas›€it€relates€to€the€POWC€project.€€She€explainedÏthat€Section€112(c)(6)€focuses€regulatory€attention€on€facilitiesÏthat€account€for€90€percent€of€total€emissions€of€seven€specificÏchemicals€or€families€of€chemicals.€€These€facilities€are€groupedÏin€source€categories€pursuant€to€Section€112(c)(6).€€DataÏcollection€for€the€ð ðpaper€coating€and€laminate€packagingððÏcategory€may€utilize€data€from€the€POWC€project.€€One€HAPÏchemical€œfamily€that›€falls€under€œSection›€112(c)(6)€œis€polycyclic›Ïorganic€matter€œ(POM).€€Since›€naphthalene€œÔ#†X¤ XX"X±]}2#ÔÔ‡2X±]XXX¤ Ô(also€a€VOC)€Ô#†X¤ XX2X±]O#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ Ôcan€beÐ ,È%- Ðconsidered€a€POM,€this›€chemical€is€of€interest€œto€the€POWCÏproject€due›€to€its€presence€in€POWC€facility€TRI€reports€(albeitÏin€small€amounts).€€The€POWC€team€has€performed€a€search€of€theÏsurvey€database€to€determine€if€naphthalene€was€used€or€generatedÏin€any€facility;€very€few€occurrences€of€naphthalene€were€found.ÌÌà  àœMr.Ross›€expressed€that€he€would€not€expect€œnaphthalene€to›Ïbe€widely€used€in€coating€formulations.€€œMs.Koman›€stated€thatÏthe€National€Paint€and€Coatings€Association€(NPCA)€indicated€toÏthe€EPA€that€naphthalene€could€be€a€component€in€some€coatings.€ÏShe€further€explained€that€the€EPA€had€relied€on€TRI€data,€whichÏis€facility„wide€(not€operation„specific),€in€generating€theÏSection€112(c)(6)€listing.€€The€TRI€database€showed€some€POMÏemissions€for€POWC€facilities,€but€it€was€not€clear€if€emissionsÏwere€due€to€the€coatings€or€were€emitted€œfrom€other€operations.›€ÏœMs.Griffith›€stated€that€the€TRI€POM€emissions€could€be€fromÏfacility€operations€that€are€completely€unrelated€to€coating,Ïsuch€as€boilers.ÌÌà  àœMr.Barnett›€inquired€about€human€exposure€modeling€inÏapproaching€regulation€under€Section€112(c)(6).€€œMs.Koman›Ïresponded€that€it€is€unclear€whether€a€risk€assessment€will€haveÏto€be€conducted.€€œMs.Koman›€summarized€that€it€is€generallyÏunclear,€for€the€time€being,€how€exactly€to€proceed€with€SectionÏ112(c)(6)€work.ÌÌòòò òFuture€Site€Visitsó óóóÐ ø¼ ÐÌà  àœMs.Koman›€provided€a€brief€update€on€plans€for€site€visits.€ÏShe€noted€that€such€visits€may€be€necessary€to€investigateÏspecific€coating€technologies€and€coating€types.€€These€visitsÏwill€help€define€regulation€œapplicability€and€will€be€used€toÏgather€data€on€additional€industry›€œsegments.›€€Potential€sitesÏthat€may€be€visited€include€paper€manufacturing€specialtyÏcoaters,€printing€and€coating€facilities€that€perform€narrow€webÏcoating€or€bindering,€and€possibly€others.ÌÌà  àœMs.Kasunich›€asked€which€sites€have€already€been€visited€forÏthe€project.€€œDr.Jones›€directed€her€to€the€October€1997Ïstakeholder€update,€available€by€accessing€the€POWC€project€onÏthe€CCPG€web€page€on€EPAððs€Unified€Air€Toxics€website€(UATW).€ÏœMs.Koman›€concluded€the€presentations€by€displaying€web€addressesÏof€interest€to€POWC€stakeholders.€€For€future€reference,€sheÏnoted€that€the€site€contains€maps€and€directions€to€EPAððsÏfacilities,€as€well€as€information€on€local€lodging€andÏrestaurants.Ð è+¬%- Їò òII.à  àCOMMENTSó óÐ < ÐÌà  àThe€comments€of€stakeholders€and€meeting€attendees€areÏpresented€in€this€section,€grouped€somewhat€by€topic,€but€notÏnecessarily€in€order€of€their€presentation.€€Where€applicable,Ïthe€EPA€response€is€included€following€the€comment.ÌÌòòò òRepresentativeness€of€Dataó óóóÐ $ è ÐÌà  àœMr.Ross›€inquired€about€the€percentage€of€all€POWCÏfacilities€represented€in€the€survey€database.€€œMs.Koman›€repliedÏthat€a€percentage€is€difficult€to€estimate,€as€the€facility€countÏeffort€is€ongoing.€€The€POWC€team€is€confident€that€facility€dataÏcollected€is€a€good€representation€of€the€three€segmentsÏsurveyed;€information€is€being€gathered€from€other€sectors,€asÏdiscussed€earlier.ÌÌà  àœMr.Hicks›€inquired€about€the€data€gathering€ð ðcutoff€pointððÏin€terms€of€the€percentage€of€affected€facilities€from€which€dataÏis€required€to€complete€rule€development.€€œMs.Koman›€replied€thatÏthe€cutoff€point€is€not€so€much€a€number€of€facilities€but€œanÏamount€of€data›€that€can€be€compiled€and€analyzed€before€theÏproposal€deadline.€€Graham€Fitzsimons€added€that€the€foremostÏgoal€of€the€data€gathering€phase€is€to€obtain€data€for€aÏrepresentative€segment€of€the€industry.ÌÌà  àœMr.Narog›€asked€if€any€additional€surveys€were€planned€forÏgathering€data€for€the€project.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€thatÏœSection114›€surveys€are€time€consuming;€thus,€further€gatheringÏof€facility€information€would€most€likely€proceed€via€otherÏcorrespondence.€€ÌÌà  àTim€Owens€stated€that€if€there€are€approximatelyÏœ11,000facilities›€that€may€be€subject€to€the€POWC€rule,€it€doesÏnot€seem€reasonable€that€EPA€œwould€survey›€so€few€of€them.€ÏœMs.Koman›€responded€that€realistically€there€may€be€on€the€orderÏof€1,000€to€2,000€facilities€that€will€be€subject€to€the€ruleÏthat€were€not€included€in€the€174€facilities€that€have€beenÏsurveyed.€€œMs.Koman›€said€that€the€EPA€is€trying€to€characterizeÏthe€overall€industry,€and€that€contacting€each€facility€would€notÏbe€œreasonable.€€The›€EPA€works€with€readily€available€informationÏin€developing€a€MACT€œstandard.€€Ô#†X¤ XX"X±]ž#ÔÔ‡2X±]XXX¤ ÔIn€the€case€of€the€printingÐ ž(b") Ðindustry,€the€POWC€team€is€examining€the€information€recentlyÏacquired€through€a€survey€of€printing€facilities€that€wasÏperformed€as€part€of€P&P€rule€development.Ô#†X¤ XX2X±] ¢#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ ԛР +ä$, ÐÐ ö+º%- Ðà  àœMr.Waite›€wondered€whether€the€survey€database€might€containÏdisproportionately€more€data€from€facilities€with€better€HAPÏemission€control€or€less€data€from€facilities€with€lower€HAPÏcontrol,€which€would€indicate€skew€in€the€existing€surveyÏœdatabase,€because€only€those€facilities€chose€to€respond.›€ÏœMs.Koman›€clarified€that€facilities€that€received€Section€114Ïsurveys€were€required€to€submit€responses;€thus,€theÏrepresentativeness€of€œthe€survey›€database€would€not€be€inÏquestion.ÌœÌòòò òSurvey€Dataóóó óÐ ˜\  ЛÌà  àœMr.Godonis›€inquired€whether€facility€survey€data€wereÏweighted€on€facility€size.€€Ms.Koman€replied€that€theÏcalculations€were€independent€of€facility€production€volume€orÏmaterial€throughput.€€œMr.Owens›€inquired€whether€survey€data€forÏnew€facilities€were€separately€assessed.€€œDr.Jones›€replied€thatÏthis€was€not€done€but€that€only€7€facilities€œsurveyeñeCñd€›reportedñeCññfCñdñfCñ›€indicatedÏthat€they€are€subject€to€New€Source€Performance€Standards€(NSPS).€ÏœMr.Owens›€and€other€attendees€expressed€that€this€number€of€NSPSÏfacilities€seemed€rather€low.ÌÌà  àœMr.Hicks›€implied€that€consideration€may€need€to€be€given€toÏcoating€application€density€(amount€of€coating€applied€per€squareÏunit€of€web),€as€this€quantity€varies€significantly€among€POWCÏoperations.€€Industrial€and€decorative€lamination€operations€tendÏto€have€higher€coating€application€densities.€€In€response€to€aÏquestion€about€the€amount€of€coating€(or€solvent)€retained€in€webÏmaterials,€œMr.Hicks›€replied€that€this€is€generally€thought€to€beÏless€than€one€percent€of€the€coating€applied.ÌÌà  àHoward€Hofmeister€asked€whether€capture€efficiency€data€wereÏrequested€separately€from€destruction€efficiency€data€in€theÏSection€114€surveys.€€œDr.Jones›€confirmed€that€these€values€wereÏrequested€separately€and€that€the€POWC€team€used€them€toÏcalculate€overall€control€efficiencies,€in€case€reported€valuesÏdid€not€seem€reasonable.ÌÌà  àœMr.Barnett›€asked€whether€capture€efficiencies€forÏcontrolled€HAP€streams€in€the€survey€data€were€verified,Ïspecifically€to€check€whether€the€efficiency€values€wereÏsupported€by€tests.€€œMs.Koman›€stated€that€the€POWC€team€reliedÏon€facilities€to€provide€accurate€œinformation.€€Also,€theÏfacilities€responded€as€to€the€basis€of€their€estimates€for€bothÏcapture€and€control€device€efficiency.›ÌÐ è+¬%- Ðà  àœMr.Godonis›€stressed€that€a€ventilator€hood€may€be€reportedÏto€achieve€100€percent€efficiency€(i.e.,€to€capture€the€HAP„¼containing€stream€in€its€entirety),€but€that€this€efficiencyÏcannot€be€achieved€in€practice.€€He€urged€the€EPA€to€utilizeÏthose€capture€efficiency€values€that€can€be€substantiated€byÏreliable€tests.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€that€questionable€valuesÏwere€either€confirmed€or€excluded€from€the€analysis;€however,Ïfacilities€should€submit€revised€survey€responses,€as€necessaryÏto€alleviate€lingering€concerns.€€Moreover,€any€requirement€forÏverifying€capture€efficiencies€would€amount€to€requiring€testingÏactivities€even€before€regulation€development€is€completed.€ÏœMs.Koman›€emphasized€that€the€EPA€is€limited€to€the€quality€andÏquantity€of€data€provided€by€industry.ÌÌà  àœMr.Ross›€suggested€interfacing€with€capture€equipmentÏmanufacturers€to€get€an€idea€of€reasonable€capture€efficiencies.€ÏœMs.Koman›€stated€that€various€EPA€personnel€have€done€so€and€haveÏdocumented€this€information€in€numerous€publications.€€ÌÌà  àMr.Hofmeister€asserted€that€aside€from€concerns€regardingÏthe€validity€of€reported€capture€efficiency€values,€destructionÏefficiency€values€reported€may€have€large€variabilities,€some€ofÏwhich€result€from€whether€Method€25€or€œ25A›€was€used.€€Mr.HicksÏstated€that€facilities€typically€base€their€knowledge€of€theÏdestruction€efficiency€achieved€by€a€control€device€on€resultsÏfrom€3€1„hour€tests€conducted€when€the€device€is€first€installed.€ÏWhen€the€device€is€newly€acquired,€high€destruction€efficienciesÏare€achieved,€and€facilities€mistakenly€report€these€asÏrepresentative€of€device€performance€on€a€regular€basis€overÏtime.€€œMr.Hofmeister›€said€a€facility€may€not€always€report€theÏresults€of€all€tests€and€œrecommended›€that€the€POWC€team€considerÏrevisiting€the€destruction€efficiency€values.ÌÌà  àMark€Hawes€echoed€collective€concerns€about€the€integrity€ofÏdevice€control€efficiency€values,€particularly€since€most€areÏbased€on€3€1„hour€tests€depicting€a€positively„biased€snapshot€ofÏdevice€performance.€€However,€solvent€recovery€efficiency€valuesÏare€achievable€on€an€ongoing€basis.€€In€fact,€recovery€rates€areÏoften€calculated€on€a€monthly€basis.€€œMs.Koman›€pointed€out€thatÏthe€EPA€is€interested€in€an€accurate€picture€of€œfacilityÏemissions€over€time,›€which€was€why€the€POWC€team€is€interested€inÏinvestigating€the€feasibility€of€continuous€emissionÏœmonitoring›(œCEM).̛̜Ô#†X¤ XX"X±] £#ÔÔ‡3X±]XXX¤ Ôà  àMr.Hicks€questioned€whether€any€of€the€overall€controlÐ +È$, Ðefficiencies€discussed€have€been€found€to€vary€by€individual€HAPÐ Ú+ž%- Ðchemicals,€since€some€HAPs€are€easier€to€control€than€others.€ÏDr.Jones€responded€that€survey€data€has€not€been€analyzed€on€aÏchemical€basis€at€this€point€in€time.ÌÌÔ#†X¤ XX3X±]º¶#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ Ô›à  àœMr.Godonis›€inquired€whether€water„based€compliant€coatingsÐ ” X Ðwere€reported€to€contain€0€percent€VOC,€noting€that€EPAððsÏœMethod24›€test€results€may€differ€from€manufacturersðð€dataÏ(Materials€Safety€Data€Sheet,€or€MSDS,€and€Certified€Product€DataÏSheet,€or€CPDS).€€œDr.Jones›€spoke€to€his€concerns€about€dataÏintegrity€by€revealing€that€when€formulations€were€reported€toÏhave,€for€example,€œbetween›€0€and€30€percent€of€a€component,€theÏPOWC€team€used€15€percent€in€their€analyses.€€œMs.Koman›€addedÏthat€survey€responses€reflect€whatever€information€was€availableÏto€responding€individuals.ÌÌœà  àMr.Godonis€emphasized€overall€concerns€with€the€quality€ofÏdata€for€the€facilities€in€the€top€12€percent.€€He€stated€thatÏduring€a€performance€test,€process€conditions€and€control€deviceÏparameters€are€carefully€controlled.€€Because€normal€operatingÏconditions€are€quite€different,€data€may€not€be€representative€ofÏreality.€€Any€overall€control€efficiency€values€used€to€determineÏthe€MACT€floor€should€be€demonstrable›€under€normal€operatingÏconditions.ÌœÌò òòòData€Collection€Prioritiesóóó óÐ L ЛÌà  àAttendees€made€many€comments€regarding€a€pie€chart€and€aÏhorizontal€bar€graph€œ(in€Attachment€2)€displayed›€by€œMs.Koman.›€ÏThe€pie€chart,€obtained€from€an€EPA€report€published€in€theÏœ1980s›,€depicts€the€contribution€of€various€types€of€coatingÏoperations€to€the€overall€solvent€usage€by€POWC€industry;€solventÏusage€was€œused€as€a€surrogate€for€potential€HAP€emissions›€for€theÏpurposes€of€œsetting€priorities€for€data€collection.€€Ms.€KomanÏstressed€that€solvent€usage€does€not€necessarily€imply€emissionsÏbecause€the€use€of€add„on€controls€are€not€factored€in.ÌÌà  àThe›€bar€graph€was€recently€compiled€by€œMs.Koman›€to€depictÏthe€maximum€number€of€facilities€potentially€in€the€POWC€sourceÏcategory.€€œMs.Koman›€stated€that€the€largest€group€of€facilitiesÏare€printing€facilities.€€Thus,€the€POWC€team€is€working€with€theÏflexographic,€gravure,€lithographic,€and€screen€printing€segmentsÏto€fill€data€gaps.€€œMs.Kasunich›€noted€that€the€number€ofÏfacilities€for€the€gravure€printers€category€(the€longest€bar€onÏthe€graph)€also€includes€wide€web€flexographers.Ìâ âÐ +Ö$, Ðà  àœMr.Godonis›€noted€that€the€pie€chart€gives€an€undulyÏâ ânegative€impression€when€it€shows€the€pressure€sensitive€productsÏsegment€as€the€largest€consumer€of€solvents€within€the€POWCÏindustry.€€œThe›€basis€for€examining€solvent€use€is€ð ðshakyðð€becauseÏfacility€emissions€depend€more€on€the€extent€of€solvent€recoveryÏactivities€and€other€control€techniques€than€the€volume€ofÏsolvents€used.€€The€pressure€sensitive€tape€segment€uses€a€greatÏdeal€of€solvent€recovery€and€achieves€high€overall€controlÏefficiencies€for€its€add„on€control€devices.€€In€actuality,€theÏTRI€emissions€from€SIC€2672€are€less€than€15€percent€of€total€TRIÏemissions€found,€as€reported€in€the€œTRIPOWC.WK4›€table.€€Moreover,Ïthe€solvent€use€values€are€from€the€1980s€and€do€not€reflect€theÏresults€of€source€reduction€measures€implemented€in€the€industryÏsegment€since€then.€€Ms.Koman€reiterated€that€the€pie€chart€wasÏonly€used€as€a€starting€point€in€the€project€to€determine€whereÏto€begin€data€gathering.€€ÌÌà  àœMr.Narog›€commented€that€a€chart€based€on€emissions€may€beÏmore€useful.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€that€emissions€broken€out€byÏoperations€are€not€easily€œavailable:›€œthe€TRI›€data€does€notÏsuffice€because€œthe€TRI„reported€emissions€are€facility„wide,€andÏSIC€codes€do€not€readily€match€up€to€the€POWC€source€categoryððsÏð ðcatch„allðð€nature.›€€œMr.Godonis›€then€expressed€that€it€would€beÏvery€useful€to€know€what€part€of€the€database,€or€moreÏspecifically€œwhat€percentage›€of€total€HAP€emissions€from€theÏsurveyed€facilities,€is€due€to€the€pressure€sensitive€tapes€andÏlabels€segment.€€Other€attendees€concurred€that€it€would€also€beÏuseful€to€know€emissions€contributions€of€other€segments€in€theÏsurvey€database.€€œGordon€Miller›€stated€that€this€may€helpÏdisclose€any€segments€that€are€œover„represented›€or€œunder„¼represented›€in€EPAððs€œdatabase.Ìòòò òÌóóó óÔ#†X¤ XX"X±]O¸#ÔÔ‡3X±]XXX¤ Ôà  àMr.Ross€asserted€that€the€majority€of€emissions€from€POWCÐ  !Î  Ðoperations€are€probably€from€a€small€number€of€solvents.€€Thus,Ïregulation€effort€could€proceed€from€a€chemical€viewpoint€byÏfocusing€on€solvent€substitution,€rather€than€best€performance€byÏadd„on€controls.€€David€Yount€disagreed€by€stating€that€theÏlegislation€should€not€dictate€which€coating€products€are€to€beÏused€by€industry.€€Attendees€indicated€that€a€compliance€programÏsuch€as€that€of€the€P&P€rule€offers€industry€ample€flexibility.ÌÌÔ#†X¤ XX3X±]îÈ#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ Ôò òòòMethod›€of€Emissions€ControlÐ (T") ÐÌóóó óà  àSeveral€attendees€urged€the€EPA€to€offer€facilities€theÐ X*$+ Ðoption€to€use€low„solvent€coatings,€rather€than€ð ðend„of„pipeððÏcontrols€only,€in€complying€with€the€POWC€standard.€€œDr.Jones›Ð ,È%- Ðresponded€œthat,€in€following€the€P&P€rule€construction,€it€isÏlikely€that€the€POWC€MACT€will€have€compliance€options€that€allowÏfor€P2.€€Dr.€Jones€also€noted€that€Ô#†X¤ XX"X±]HË#ÔÔ‡2X±]XXX¤ ÔP2€options€were€also€includedÐ è¬ Ðin€the€POWC€p„MACT,€and€thatò ò€ó óÔ#†X¤ XX2X±]]Í#ÔÔ‡"X±]XXX¤ Ôcompliance›€œoptions€for€the€p„MACT›Ð ¾‚ Ðcoating€HAP€content€limit€œwere€based›€on€monthly€averages€of€theÏHAP€contents€of€the€coating€formulations€used.ò òòòÐ x < Ðóóó óÌà  àœMr.Ross›€stated€that,€in€his€opinion,€requiring€a€high€HAPÏcontrol€efficiency,€such€as€99€percent,€virtually€amounts€toÏrequiring€the€use€of€zero„HAP€coatings.€€œMr.Barnett›€expressedÏthat€whereas€ð ðcaptiveðð€coating€operations€may€be€able€toÏincorporate€such€coatings,€the€use€of€compliant,€or€even€zero„¼HAP,€coatings€may€not€be€feasible€for€toll€coating€operations,Ïwhich€alter€coating€formulations€for€each€customized€application.€ÏToll€coating€operations€would€be€able€to€comply€through€controlÏefficiencies€achieved€through€the€use€of€add„on€control€devices.€ÏœMr.Barnett›€suggested€that€it€may€be€worthwhile€for€the€POWC€teamÏto€quantify€the€number€of€POWC€toll€coating€operations,€sinceÏpollution€prevention€options€probably€would€not€work€for€them.€ÏœMs.Koman›€responded€that€this€would€be€a€difficult€endeavor,Ïespecially€since€this€information€was€not€requested€in€theÏSection€114€survey.ò òòòÐ Øœ ÐÌóóó óà  àœMr.Hawes›€expressed€interest€in€the€distribution€of€theÐ ’V Ðtypes€of€HAP€emission€controls€in€the€data€below€the€88thÏpercentile.€€œMr.Hawes›€also€stated€that€it€was€his€belief€thatÏsolvent€recovery€is€the€predominant€form€of€HAP€emissions€controlÏin€the€publication€rotogravure€printing€industry€segment,Ïregulated€in€the€first€part€of€the€P&P€rule.€€œMs.Kasunich›Ïconfirmed€this€to€be€true.€€She€elaborated€that€solvent€recoveryÏmethods€were€implemented€in€these€facilities€in€the€1960s,€muchÏearlier€than€the€CAA,€and€proved€profitable,€as€recoveredÏsolvents€were€sold€and€continue€to€be€sold€to€ink€suppliers.€ÏThus,€if€the€P&P€rule€had€imposed€requirements€rendering€solventÏrecovery€infeasible,€the€publication€rotogravure€segment€wouldÏhave€suffered€significant€revenue€losses.ò òòòÐ š#^# ÐÌó óóóà  àœMr.Godonis›€expressed€that€solvent€recovery€has€severalÐ T%% Ðadvantages€over€combustion.€€One€advantage€is€that€solventÏrecovery€does€not€involve€fuel€expenditure,€which€is€especiallyÏcritical€during€shortages.€€Moreover,€unlike€combustion,€solventÏrecovery€does€not€generate€secondary€emissions,€such€as€nitrogenÏoxides€and€other€combustion€byproducts.€€œMr.Godonis›€stated€thatÏthe€MACT€program€holds€too€narrow€a€view€of€air€pollutionÏcontrol,€and€that€the€POWC€regulation€should€allow€the€use€ofÏsolvent€recovery€as€a€compliance€option.€€œMr.Ross›€citedÐ ,È%- Ðsecondary€emissions€from€add„on€control€techniques€as€anotherÏreason€to€instead€require€solvent€substitution€involvingÏswitching€to€zero„HAP€coatings.€€œMr.Narog›€stated€that€compliantÏcoatings€may€not€lend€themselves€to€viable€solvent€recovery.òòò òÐ ¾‚ Ðó óóóÌà  àœMr.Godonis›€stated€that€if€a€high€overall€control€efficiencyÏfor€HAP€emissions€was€required,€averaging€control€efficiencies€orÏvalues€over€various€process€areas€(the€ð ðbubble€conceptðð)€would€beÏdifficult€due€to€an€array€of€new€and€old€equipment€at€a€facility.€ÏœMs.Koman›€replied€that€facilities€would€most€likely€have€theÏoption€of€taking€any€combination€of€add„on€control€andÏreformulation€to€comply€with€the€standard,€as€is€offered€in€theÏP&P€rule.€€Greg€Moeller€commented€that€flexibility€in€complianceÏoptions€for€POWC€standards€would€be€advantageous€for€largeÏfacilities€but€not€for€small€facilities.€€ÌÌà  àœMr.Moeller›€suggested€although€the€exact€coating€lb/lb€valueÏcannot€be€established€at€this€stage€in€rule€development,€a€methodÏcould€be€developed€to€convert€from€percent€control€(based€on€add„¼on€control€devices)€to€an€equivalent€coating€limit.€€That€way,Ïonce€the€percent€control€is€established,€obtaining€an€equivalentÏpound€HAP€per€pound€solids€value€would€be€straightforward.€€ÌÌà  àAccordingly,€a€œsuggestion€was›€made€to€form€a€œsubcommitteeÏthat›€would€explore€methods€for€arriving€at€ð ðequivalenciesðð€thatÏwill€enable€specification€of€the€MACT€floor€for€the€POWC€rule.€ÏMs.Koman€indicated€that€stakeholders€should€contact€Dan€Brown,Ïthe€returning€EPA€project€lead,€for€participation€in€such€aÏœsubcommittee.›ÌÌòòò òDefinition€of€Source€and€Other€Applicability€œIssues›ó óóóÐ P ÐÌà  àœMr.Barnett›€asked€whether€the€POWC€standard€will€haveÏsubcategories€for€each€of€the€types€of€operations€affected.€ÏœMs.Koman›€stated€that€the€POWC€team€is€finding€more€similaritiesÏthan€differences€among€the€types€of€operations€currently€fallingÏin€the€source€category.€€Thus,€the€preference€is€not€toÏsubcategorize€for€the€sake€of€simplicity€in€the€standard,€whichÏpromotes€ease€in€implementation.€€She€emphasized€that€the€P&PÏrule,€a€model€for€the€POWC€project,€accommodates€differentÏœoperations›€through€a€variety€of€compliance€methods.ÌÌà  àœMr.Moeller›€asked€which€of€the€other€HAP€sources€in€theÏsurvey€database,€if€any,€produce€low€HAP€emissions.€€œDr.Jones›Ïresponded€that€wastewater€treatment€and€storage€activities€at€theÏsurveyed€POWC€facilities€appear€to€emit€little€HAP€to€the€air.€Ð è+¬%- МMs.Koman›€indicated€that€work€practice€standards,€rather€thanÏcontrol€efficiency€requirements,€may€be€considered€for€the€otherÏHAP€sources.ÌÌà  àœMr.Hofmeister›€questioned€whether€the€POWC€standard€willÏregulate€all€HAP€or€organic€HAP€only,€as€in€the€P&P€rule.€ÏœMs.Koman›€œñhCñreplied€ñhCñthat›€the€P&P€rule€may€possibly€be€followed,Ïsince€the€POWC€team€is€finding€that€volatile€HAPs€constitute€theÏlarge€majority€of€HAPs€emitted€by€surveyed€facilities€(metal€HAPsÏconstitute€a€small€fraction).€€However,€a€final€decision€has€notÏyet€been€reached.ÌÌà  àœMr.Hicks›€inquired€whether€laminate€presses€and€reactorsÏ(for€coating€formulation)€not€covered€under€NSPS€would€be€coveredÏby€the€POWC€rule.€€œMs.Koman›€œñgCñresponded€ñgCñthat›€both€sources€areÏpotentially€covered;€she€noted€that€reactors€would€fit€under€theÏð ðStorage€and€Mixing/Formulationðð€category€of€other€HAP€sources.ÌÌà  àœMr.Narog›€inquired€about€operations€covered€under€the€FabricÏMACT.€€œMs.Koman›€replied€that€œto€date€the›€Fabric€rule€isÏconcerned€with€traditional€textiles€(clothing),€carpets,€andÏrubber€coating€of€fabric.€€She€clarified€that€rubberized€pressureÏsensitive€tape€and€label€products€would€remain€under€the€POWCÏrule.€€In€general€the€POWC€rule€will€serve€as€a€ð ðcatch„allðð€forÏweb€coating€operations€not€covered€by€other€rules.ÌÌà  àœMr.Ross›€expressed€concerns€that€due€to€the€diversity€ofÏoperations€in€the€source€category,€facilities€subject€to€theÏstandard€may€not€recognize,€at€the€time€of€proposal,€that€theÏPOWC€standard€will€apply€to€them.€€He€mentioned€that€a€notableÏnumber€of€printing€facilities€have€had€a€difficult€timeÏunderstanding€that€they€are€subject€to€the€P&P€rule,€whose€sourceÏcategory€is€not€as€diverse.€€œMs.Griffith›€agreed€that€thisÏproblem€may€be€encountered.€€œMs.›Koman€responded€that€StateÏagencies€are€generally€proactive€and€make€efforts€to€informÏfacilities€about€federal€standards€applicability,€as€œmuch›€asÏpossible.€€œMr.Naour›€noted€that€States€perform€outreachÏactivities,€as€early€as€the€p„MACT€phase.€€For€example,€inÏIllinois,€agency€personnel€conduct€œð ðdry€runs,ðð›€or€simulations,€ofÏstandards€implementation€by€visiting€participating€facilities€andÏdiscussing€the€effects€on€facility€operations.€€Furthermore,€theÏIllinois€agency€attempts€standards€consolidation,€especially€toÏalign€monitoring,€recordkeeping,€and€reporting€requirements€forÏthe€standards€that€apply€to€a€given€facility,€in€the€facilityÏâ âpermits€issued.€€œMs.Koman›€added€that€this€latter€idea€œalsoÐ +È$, Ðsupports›€the€use€of€the€P&P€rule€as€a€model,€since€State€agenciesÏwill€have€had€experience€in€dealing€with€its€requirements.Ìâ âÌò òòòOther€Commentsóóó óÐ ¾‚ ÐÌà  àœMr.Lawson›€inquired€whether€wax€coatings€will€be€covered€byÏthe€POWC€rule,€since€applying€a€wax€coating€via€a€œhot„melt›Ïprocess€is€quite€different€from€applying€a€œhot„melt›€adhesive€toÏform€a€pressure€sensitive€tape€product.€€œMs.Hornbarger›€indicatedÏthat€the€AF&PA€may€have€some€information€on€HAP€emissions€fromÏwax€coating€activities.ÌÌà  àœMr.Waite›€inquired€about€details€on€the€Section€183(e)Ïcomponent€of€the€POWC€regulation.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€that€theÏPOWC€team€has€been€focusing€on€MACT€and€will€work€on€the€VOCÏœissues€later›€in€the€year.€€However,€the€data€gathered€œduring€theÏMACT€study€will›€œaid€in€the€development€of€the€VOC€requirements.›ÌÌà  àSeveral€attendees€expressed€interest€in€seeing€a€copy€of€aÏSection€114€survey€through€which€data€has€been€gathered€for€theÏPOWC€project.€€œMs.Koman›€agreed€to€post€a€revised€version€of€oneÏsurvey€on€CCPGððs€webpage€on€EPAððs€UATW€site€in€the€near€future.ÌÌà  àœMr.Narog›€inquired€about€plans€for€the€next€stakeholderÏmeeting.€€œMs.Koman›€responded€that€the€time€frame€for€the€nextÏmeeting€would€depend€on€the€returning€EPA€project€lead,€DanÏBrown;€tentatively,€a€meeting€in€September€or€October€could€beÏœexpected.Ð  Ü  ÐÑ  ÑÑ € Ñà@àà$ìàAttachment1:ˆÌÌà@  ìàAttendee€List€for€POWC€Stakeholder€MeetingˆÌà@hh#ìàon€June4,€1998›ˆÐ 2‚' ÐØØò òÔ‡"¼|v¼X"X±]ÔÓ  ÓÑ7€±]ôXdÖôXdÖ7ÑÑ€#ÑÔ#†¼.3 ¼¼"¼|vôÍ#ÔÔ‡¼.3 ¼ ¼¼.3ÔAttendee€List€for€POWC€Stakeholder€Meeting€on€June€4,€1998ó óÔ#†X¤ X ¼¼.3çò#ÔÐ < ÐÓóÓÌÔ*fƒ dddd 'dd  °(#°(#fÔÔ,( dd ÔÔ, dd ÔÔ,A dd ÔÔ+  ÔÐ "€$$$ 6ú €€"ÐÓ  Óò òNameó óÐ 2€$$!š^ $$$ 2ÐÓõÓÓ  Óò òCompany/Affiliationó óÐ 4€$$$!š^ $$ 4ÐÓ[õÓÓ  Óò òTelephone€Numberó óÐ 5€$&$š^   $$$ 5ÐKevin€BarnettÐ " Þ$ "ÐALCOAÐ €$  Þ Ð412„553„2094Ð '€$ Þ$ 'ÐKavita€BhatiaÐ "š ^ $ "ÐEC/R€Inc.Ð €$ š ^  Ð919„484„0222Ð '€$š ^ $ 'ÐJason€œBowker›Ð " Þ $ "ÐQuad/Graphics,€IncorporatedÐ €$  Þ  Ð920„269„5236Ð '€$ Þ$ 'ÐDan€BowmanÐ "š^$ "ÐEC/R€Inc.Ð €$ š^ Ð919„484„0222Ð '€$š^$ 'МJoelle›€BurlesonÐ "Þ $ "МNCDEHNR›„œDAQ›Ð €$ Þ  Ð919„733„1474Ð '€$Þ $ 'ÐMary€Jo€CaldwellÐ "š^ $ "ÐCaldwell€Environmental,€Inc.Ð €$ š^  Ð919„781„1936Ð '€$š^ $ 'ÐCharlie€CarterÐ "Þ $ "МWomble›€Carlyle,€for€œTarkett›ÏIncorporatedÐ €$ Ê  Ð919„755„2167Ð '€$Þ $ 'ÐTed€CartwrightÐ "†J$ "ÐFlexible€PackagingÏAssociationÐ €$ r6 Ð202„842„3880Ð '€$†J$ 'ÐDennis€CoilÐ "ò¶ $ "ÐLawson€œMardon›€PackagingÏUSA€IncorporatedÐ €$ Þ¢" Ð708„649„3872Ð '€$ò¶#$ 'ÐGraham€FitzsimonsÐ "^"$$ "ÐEC/R€Inc.Ð €$ ^"% Ð919„484„0222Ð '€$^"&$ 'ÐTom€GodonisÐ "Þ¢'$ "ÐAmerican€œBiltrite›ÏIncorporatedÐ €$ ÊŽ) Ð609„778„0700Ð '€$Þ¢*$ 'ÐJennifer€GriffithÐ "J+$ "ÐNorth€East€WasteÏManagement€OfficialsÏAssociation€(œNEWMOA›)/ÏœNESCAUM›Ð €$ !Ò/ Ð617„367„8558€œX303›Ð '€$J0$ 'ÐMark€HawesÐ "Ž"R1$ "МShurtape›€TechnologiesÐ €$ Ž"R2 Ð704„322„2700Ð '€$Ž"R3$ 'ÐHoward€HofmeisterÐ "$Ò4$ "МCurwood›„œBemis›Ð €$ $Ò5 Ð920„303„7417Ð '€$$Ò6$ 'ÐKatie€HornbargerÐ "Ž%R7$ "ÐAmerican€Forest€&€PaperÏAssociationÐ €$ z&> 9 Ð202„463„2780Ð '€$Ž%R:$ 'ÐDonna€Lee€JonesÐ "ú'¾!;$ "ÐEC/R€Inc.Ð €$ ú'¾!< Ð919„484„0222Ð '€$ú'¾!=$ 'ÐCheryl€KasunichÐ "z)>#>$ "ÐGravure€Association€ofÏAmericaÐ €$ f**$@ Ð716„436„2150Ð '€$z)>#A$ 'ÐTrish€KomanÐ "æ+ª%B$ "ÐEPA/OAQPS/œESD›/CCPGÐ €$ æ+ª%C Ð919„541„4120Ð '€$æ+ª%D$ 'ÐNelson€LawsonÐ " d$ "ÐUnion€Camp€CorporationÐ €$  d Ð912„238„7752Ð '€$ d$ 'ÐTom€œLoredo›Ð "  ä$ "МReynolds›€Metals€CompanyÐ €$   ä Ð804„743„6636Ð '€$  ä$ 'ÐÓÄõÓGordon€MillerÐ " d$ "МRexam›€IncorporatedÐ €$  d Ð704„551„1549Ð '€$ d $ 'ÐGreg€MoellerÐ "  ä $ "ÐEastman€Kodak€Co.,€and€theÏPhotographic€and€ImagingÏManufacturers€AssociationÐ €$ x¼  Ð716„477„9881Ð '€$  ä$ 'ÐPaul€NarogÐ "ø<$ "ÐThe€œ3M›€CorporationÐ €$ ø< Ð612„778„5380Ð '€$ø<$ 'ÐTim€OwensÐ "x¼ $ "МMACtac›Ð €$ x¼  Ð330„688„1111Ð '€$x¼ $ 'ÐMark€œPederson›Ð "ø< $ "МRollprint›€Packaging€ProductsÏIncorporatedÐ €$ ä(  Ð630„628„1700Ð '€$ø< $ 'ÐSteve€œRach›Ð "d¨ $ "МMEGTEC›€SystemsÐ €$ d¨  Ð920„339„2789Ð '€$d¨ $ 'ÐJeff€RezinÐ "ä($ "ÐOððSullivan€Corporation,€andÏChemical€Fabrics€&€FilmÏAssociationÐ €$ ¼ Ð540„665„2511Ð '€$ä( $ 'ÐAlexander€RossÐ "<€!$ "МRadtech›,€InternationalÐ €$ <€" Ð703„534„9313Ð '€$<€#$ 'ÐLarry€SorrelsÐ "¼$$ "ÐEPA/OAQPSÐ €$ ¼% Ð919„541„5041Ð '€$¼&$ 'ÐLisa€SuttonÐ "<€'$ "ÐEC/R€Inc.Ð €$ <€( Ð919„484„0222Ð '€$<€)$ 'МShannon›€œVogel›Ð "¼*$ "МNCDEHNR›„œDAQ›Ð €$ ¼+ Ð919„733„1472Ð '€$¼,$ 'ÐMatthew€WaiteÐ "< €-$ "ÐResilient€Floor€CoveringÏInstitute€(œRFCI›)Ð €$ (!l/ Ð610„266„5656Ð '€$< €0$ 'ÐMark€WygonikÐ "¨"ì1$ "ÐFlexible€PackagingÏAssociationÐ €$ ”#Ø3 Ð202„842„3880Ð )€$$¨"ì4$ )ÐDavid€YountÐ )€$%X5$$ )МRJR›€PackagingÐ +€$$%X6$ +Ð910„741„6309Ð&%X7 " $$ &ÐÌÐ  '`8 ÐÌò òThe€following€individuals€attended€the€meeting€via€œteleconference:ó ó›Ð (ì ÐÌÔ*wƒ! %d#d( dd  dd A dd  °(#°(#wÔÔ,<dd ÔÔ,<dd ÔÔ+  ÔÐ "€$$$  Ä €€"ÐÓ  Óò òNameó óÐ 4€$$$!d ( $$$ 4ÐÓ ÓÓ  Óò òCompany/Affiliationó óÐ 5€$&$d (   $$$ 5МSteve€Byrne›Ð +€$ä ¨$ +МCytec›Ð '€$ä ¨$ 'МDavid€Darling›Ð +€$d ($ +МNational€Paint€and€Coatings€Association›Ð '€$d ( $ 'МLarry€Hicks›Ð +€$ä ¨ $ +МGeneral€ElectricÐ '€$ä ¨ $ 'ÐScott€LevinÐ +€$d( $ +ÐNorplex›Ð '€$d( $ 'ÐHank€NaourÐ +€$ä¨ $ +ÐIllinois€EPAÐ '€$ä¨ $ 'ÐBob€NelsonÐ +€$d( $ +ÐNational€Paint€and€Coatings€Association€Ð '€$d( $ 'ÐCarol€œNiemi›Ð +€$ä¨ $ +ÐChemical€Manufacturers€Association€„ÏSolvents€CouncilÐ '€$Д$ 'ÐCarrie€ReeseÐ +€$P$ +ÐAlpha„Gamma€Technologies,€IncorporatedÐ '€$P$ 'МEmil›€StudinkaÐ +€$Д$ +МWilsonart›€International€IncorporatedÐ )€$$Д$ )ÐSusan€YoungÐ +€$$P$$ +МChemical€Fabrics€&€Film€Association›Ð&P $$ &МР l0 ÐÔ#†X¤ XXX¤ {ó#ÔÔ€X±]XXX¤ ÔÑ  ÑÑ € Ñà@àà$ìàAttachment2:ˆÐ ° ÐÌà@,,"ìàMeeting€HandoutsˆÐ  \¬ ÐÑ € Ñà@àà$ìàAttachment3:ˆÌÌà@Ô Ô ìàDefinition€of€Major€Source›ˆÌÌ