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$    2    _Moore.J.A.,LettertoHenry.G.Williams,Commissioner,NewYorkStateDepartment  ofEnvironmentalConservationdatedSeptember22,1986.C-   w   z D-   | G- I- http://www.epa.gov/oppt/((3$ !      0  (GIOU[agmsAutoList2111.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.( GIOU[agmsAutoList2121)1)1)1)1)1)1)1)TABLE D(ƓGIOU[agmsAutoList2131.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. ֓GIOU[agmsAutoList2141.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. $    4    _SaxN.I.andLewisR.J.Sr.DangerousPropertiesofIndustrialMaterialsSeventh  Edition.VanNostrandReinhold,NewYork.1989.86Macro TextMC4` <hp x (#M?%2A`Arial?e[X` hp x (#eS\  `&Times New RomanS $    5    _WindholzM.(ed.)TheMerckIndex:AnEncyclopediaofChemicals,Drugsand  BiologicalsTenthEdition.Merck&Company,NewJersey,1983.(#$  0   $    5    _WindholzM.(ed.)TheMerckIndex:AnEncyclopediaofChemicals,Drugsand  BiologicalsTenthEdition.Merck&Company,NewJersey,1983. $    4    _SaxN.I.andLewisR.J.Sr.DangerousPropertiesofIndustrialMaterialsSeventh  Edition.VanNostrandReinhold,NewYork.1989. $    4    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dockets.OPPThasendeavoredtomakethisacompletehistory,capturingthesubstanceofcommentsontheissueofstateaccess.OPPTinvitespersonstoreviewtheChronologyandifitisbelievedthatitisnotcomplete,andismissingpertinentreferences,pleasecontactScottSherlockat(202)2601536. $    1    _WilliamsH.G.,LettertoLeeThomas,AdministratorUnitedStatesEnvironmental  ProtectionAgencydatedAugust22,1986.(fGIOU[agmsAutoList2011.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. $    2    _Moore.J.A.,LettertoHenry.G.Williams,Commissioner,NewYorkStateDepartment  ofEnvironmentalConservationdatedSeptember22,1986. $    3    _AmericanChemicalSociety.1996.CASONLINE(TheChemicalSearchSystemFrom  ChemicalAbstractsService).Columbus,Ohio. $    4    _SaxN.I.andLewisR.J.Sr.DangerousPropertiesofIndustrialMaterialsSeventh  Edition.VanNostrandReinhold,NewYork.1989. $    5    _WindholzM.(ed.)TheMerckIndex:AnEncyclopediaofChemicals,Drugsand  BiologicalsTenthEdition.Merck&Company,NewJersey,1983.  $    1    _X XXXInEPAsIntegratedUrbanAirToxicsStrategy,theAgencyidentifiedthe33airtoxics  thatpresentthegreatestthreattopublichealthinthelargestnumberofurbanareas,andfurtheridentifiedthe30ofthesewiththegreatestareasourcecontributiontototalemissions.#X XXX S#E- (hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularвTABLE BвTABLE BвTABLE B P (  _ J XX iTABLE AF- G- !  _ 7!XX8 XXdd8    APPENDICEStoRecommendedFrameworkforState/Local/TribalAirToxicsRiskReductionProgramFinalWorkgroupReportSeptember2000   7!! 7#X X! 7+#0  AppendixA:0 (#(#WorkgroupMembershipList  (# (#   AppendixB:0 SummaryofStateandLocalAirToxicsProgramActivities  (# (#   AppendixC:0 SpecialMonitoringStudiestoAssessExposureandRiskfromAirToxics (# (# 0  AppendixD:0 (#(#SummaryofEPAAirToxicsProgramActivitiesRelatedtoStep1,  Assessment  (# (# 0  AppendixE:0 (#(#ResourcesAvailabletoState/Local/TribalAgenciesforProgram x Development#X XXX 3#X XXX h (# (#   AppendixF:0 NationalEPAAirToxicsPlan#X XXX &#X XXX X (# (# 0  #X XXX #X XXX AppendixG:0 (#(#AdditionalIssuestheWorkgroupIdentifiedH (# (# 0  AppendixH:0 (#(#SummaryandBriefDiscussiononPublicParticipationProcedures#X XXX 3#X XXX Ԁ8 (# (#   AppendixI:0 SummaryofEPAAirToxicsProgramActivitiesRelatedtoStep2, (x ProgramDevelopment#X XXX H#X XXX h (# (# #X XXX 4# 7!XX   #X X! 7#wXX Submittedto: J  EmissionStandardsDivisionOfficeofAirQualityPlanningandStandardsU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyResearchTrianglePark,NC27711Submittedby: % !  EC/R,Inc.  X XwDisclaimer:0 ` Thisreportreflectsthecommentsanddiscussionsoftheworkgrouponintegrated (H$$ airtoxicsState/local/TribalprogramstructureanddoesnotconstituteEPAspositiononthesetopics.#wXX #X XwԀ#wXX , # 7!w #*(&&` (#` (#D #  7!! 7#w! 7o #  7!wAppendixA:WorkgroupMembershipList#w! 7 #   X XwTotalnumberofcurrentmembers 2 3U.S.EPA6StateandLocalAirAgencies2CitiesandElectedOfficials1AcademicAssociation1Tribal2EnvironmentalGroups2EJGroups4󀀀Industry b  21Total(X(#(#(CoChairs 2  MichaelBrintnallExecutiveDirectorNationalAssociationofSchoolsofPublicAffairsandAdministration1120GStreet,NWSuite730Washington,DC200053801Phone:(202)6288965Fax:(202)6264978Email:4& *^O  5  brintnall@naspaa.org6 ^O   7   ChristopherStonemanEmissionsStandardsDivisionOAQPS,U.S.EPA,MD13RTP,NC27711Phone:(919)5410823Fax:(919)5410942Email:4% *^O  5  stoneman.chris@epa.gov6;^OO  7 } "b  #B! U.S.EPA 2 ! LauraMcKelveyTeamLeader,IntegratedUrbanAirToxicsStrategyEmissionsStandardsDivisionOAQPS,U.S.EPA,MD13RTP,NC27711Phone:(919)5415497Fax:(919)5410942Email:4# `^O  5  mckelvey.laura@epa.gov6^O  7 R< + CarltonNashU.S.EPA,Region5MailCodeAR18J77WestJacksonBoulevardChicago,IL60604Phone:(312)8866030Fax:(312)8865824Email:4  ^O  5  nash.carlton@epa.gov6[^Oo  7  #R4 #X XXX #X XXX   #B5 PStateandLocalAirAgencies  RobertColbyChattanoogaHamiltonCountyAirPollutionControlBureau  wXX wwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wL#wwX Xw  3511RossvilleBlvd.݌ `  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wζ#ww#ww#X Xw,!  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ЌX XXX X XXX    JeanTerry  wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wΆ%#ww#ww%#X XwY'  DepartmentofHealthY'/݌ @ 1 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wc/#ww#ww/#X Xw7  AirPollutionControlDivisionB17h@݌ 0 2 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #w@#ww#wwI@#X XwH  4300CherryCreekDrive,SouthHQ݌  3 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wθP#ww#wwP#X Xw[Y  Denver,CO802461530[Ya݌ 4 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wea#ww#wwa#X Xwj  Phone:(303)6923255jkr݌ 5 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #w r#ww#wwLr#X Xwz  Fax:(303)7820278z݌ 6 ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX      wXX wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww9w9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999  #wί#ww#ww#X XwG  Email:4^O  5  jean.terry@state.co.us6ٓ^O  7G݌ 7 ЌX XXX X XXX    #wXX #X XwCitiesandElectedOfficials p9 ActingMayorHarkEphriam,Jr.POBox10427216EastPritchardAvePritchard,AL36610Phone:(334)4527800Fax:(334)4522875Email:4`^O  5  copmayor@aol.com6^O.y  7\ @A Alternate:0  CatherineThomas0B(#(#  p   CityofPritchard p   216EastPritchardAve p   Pritchard,AL36610 p   Phone:(334)45265100 p   Fax:(334)4526513 p(#p(#  p   Email: p   _4^O  5  jewbahleigh@aol.com_6e^Oy{  7 __ p&!I  P(#K  0*%K  0*%K  ,`'K  ,`'K MayorSusanSavageCityofTulsa200CivicCenterTulsa,OK71403Phone:(918)59677000  p Fax:(918)5969010Email:4^O  5  ssavage@ci.tulsa.ok.us6n^O  76 P  Alternate:0 ` HilaryKitz@ ` `     ` AssistanttotheMayor   ` CityofTulsa   ` Tulsa,OK71403   ` Phone:(918)5967686   ` Fax:(918)5969010   ` Email:4 ^O  5  hkitz@ci.tulsa.ok.us6w^O  7< 0  CountyGovernment  StephanieOsborn [Resigned]   AssociateLegislativeDirectorNationalAssociationofCounties440FirstStreet,NW8thFloor ` Washington,DC20001Phone:(202)942-4269Fax:(202)9424281Email:4^O  5  sosborn@naco.org6j^O~  7   p TribalRepresentative P FarshidFarsiAirQualityProgramShoshone-BannockTribesBox306PimaDriveFortHall,ID83203Phone:(208)478-3853Fax:(208)237-9736Email:4o*^O  5  air-qual@nicoh.com6^O  7 = `'"%  @)$' EnvironmentalGroups ' MargaretRound [Resigned]  ) CleanAirTaskForce104FurquharSt.Roshindale,MA02131Phone:(617)3254974Fax:(617)3257384Email:4^O  5  margaret.round@prodigy.net#wXX :#X Xw#X XXX Q#X XXX 6^O  7  0 / JoeChaisson  ` 1 TechnicalDirectorCleanAirTaskForce245AllenpointRoadHarpswell,ME04079Phone:(207)8336993Fax:(207)8336820Email:4^O  5  joe100@gwi.net6^Oã  7 8 FeliceStadlerCleanAirNetwork1200NYAve.,NWWashington,DC20005Phone:(202)2892403Fax:(202)2891060Email:4`^O  5  fstadler@nrdc.org6^O   7 3  p@ EnvironmentalJusticeGroups PB ElaineBarron* 0D PasodelNorteAirQualityTaskForce1717BrownStreetBldg1-AElPaso,TX79902Phone:(915)533-3566Fax:(915)533-6102Email:4^O  5  embarronmd@usa.net6^O  7v % J  `'"L   +p&L   +p&L BunyanBryantUniversityofMichiganDanaBldg430EastUniversityAnnArbor,MI481091115Phone:(734)7632470Fax:(734)9362195Email:4^O  5  bbryant@umich.edu6<^OP  7X ~ @  IndustryMembers  p  LarryFeldcamp* P  Partner,Baker&Botts,L.L.P.3000OneShellPlaza910LouisianaSt.7Houston,TX77002Phone:(713)2291573    Fax:(713)2291522Email:4 l^O  5  larry.feldcamp@bakerbotts.com6 ^O'  7 ~M  WalterR.Quanstrom*#X XXX x#X XXX #wXX 6#X Xw p BPAmocoIncareofMostardiPlatt945OaklawnAvenueElmhurst,IL60126Phone:(630)9939000Fax:(630)9939017Email:4 ^O  5  wquanstrom@mostardiplatt.com6^O%'  7 6S @ Patrick_Raher_*#wXX b#X Xw#X XXX #X XXX    Partner,Hogan&Hartson,L.L.P55513thStreet,N.W.Washington,DC20004  Phone:(202)6375682   $" Fax:(202)6375910  % #  Email:4pl^O  5  pmraher@hhlaw.com6^O  7.î p&!$  P(#& RichardD.Wilson*#X XXX #X XXX #wXX ?#X Xw & VicePresidentNationalEnvironmentalStrategies2600VirginiaAvenue.,N.W.,Suite600Washington,DC,20037Phone:(202)3332524 x  ` + Fax:(202)3385950Email:4`^O  5  rwilsonnes@aol.com6Ұ^O  7 @ - ChristianRichter [Resigned]   p/ MetalFinishersAssociation2600VirginiaAvenue,N.W.,Suite408Washington,D.C.20037Phone:(202)9655190Fax:(202)9654037Email:4 `^O  5  richterpolgroup@aol.com#X XXX #X XXX #wXX ߯#X Xw6e^Oy'  7 p 5 ContractorSupport 7 ElizabethFriedmanSeniorEnvironmentalScientistEC/RIncorporated2327EnglertDrive,Suite100Durham,NC27713Phone:(919)4840222,x327Fax:(919)4840122Email:4 `^O  5  friedman.beth@ecrweb.com#X XXX #X XXX 6^O'  7 : մ `@ L /1234567Ih3 L#X XhX #X XhX #whX -#X X,w*#wXX \#X Xw#X XXX #X XXX Denotesmemberofthe_FACA_ @B _Permits/New_ԀSourceReview/_Toxics_Subcommittee  D  0*%D   0*%D P <    (X(#X XXX # #wXX # 7!wAppendixB:SummaryofStateandLocalAirToxicsProgram   Activities#w! 7Ҹ#  B *OSddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,N dd , dd +  # N #X XwListofProgramsSummarized: !b !BrowardCountyFlorida   6 Nebraska   6 California  j  NewHampshire  j  Colorado   >  NewJersey   >  Florida  r  NewYork  r  Illinois  F  Oklahoma  F  Louisiana  z  Oregon  z  Maine  N PugetSound  N Massachusetts   SouthCarolina   Minnesota  V  V   X XXX  J X X   f BROWARDCOUNTYFLORIDASAIRTOXICSPROGRAM# X X  J$#  7!X X     # X X! 7#Background 󀀀  Z Inlate1991,BrowardCountyDepartmentofPlanningandEnvironmentalProtection(DPEP)acquiredexpertise,equipmentandinstrumentationnecessarytoinitiateanindependentprograminvolvingthemeasurementandanalysisofairtoxicsintheambientair.TheprogramalsoincludedapartnershipwithFloridaDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection(DEP)inwhichguidanceandfundingweremadeavailable,andmonitoringdatawassharedaccordingly.Continuousmonitoringofambientairwasongoingatnine(9)distinctlocationsthroughouttheCounty.AnalysisofthesesamplesrevealedthatsolventemissionsandmotorvehiclesexhaustemissionsarethemajorcontributorsoftoxicpollutantsinBrowardCountysurbanenvironment.Theanalysisalsorevealedthattoxicemissionscanapproachconcentrationlevelsthatarecommensuratewithestablishedadversehealtheffects. GoalsandObjectives  J  L 9/12345677ph/1234567L /3   /3d273  0    Developambientairtoxicsinformationtosupportquantitativeevaluation, : characterizationandtrackingofriskbasedfactorsthroughimprovementandexpansionoftheairtoxicsmonitoringnetwork. Developambientmonitoringplanandnetworkfocus j onthosepollutantsthatposethegreatesthealthrisk./3d݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  Permanentsites :Sinceregulationofairtoxicsisgearingmoretowardrisk : basedstandardsthantechnologybased,siteswereestablishedtocollectdataforthenexttenyearstoaidinestablishinghealthrisks.UseexistingambientairmonitoringsiteslocatedinMiamiDade,BrowardandPalmBeachCountiestocollectairtoxicdatawhichwillcorrelatewithPM2.5monitoringandallowforfuturespeciationdata./3݌ ` (#` (# Ќ   /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  Temporarysites :Sinceregulationofairtoxicsisgearingmoretowardrisk z basedstandardsthantechnologybased,twotypeofsites,sourceorientedandneighborhoodsorientedtargetareawillbeestablishedtocollectdataforsixmonthstooneyeardurationstoaidinlocatingandcalculatingpossiblehealthrisks./3N݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Implement  samplingtechniquesandanalyticalmethodologiesforselectHAPS./3݌$j!(#(# Ќ  L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  Theanalysisoftheairsamples isperformedusingaspeciallydesignedVarian %J!# Saturn11GasChromatography/MassSpectrometerusing#X XX X # X XXX EPAMethodTO14, &:"$ VolatileOrganicCompounds#X XX X $#.CurrentlyDPEPhastheabilitytoanalyze48 '*#% HAPS.AnewCG/MSisrequiredtoimplementtheseMethodTO15ToxicmetalsmaybedeterminedusingEPAsMethodIO3.1andIO3.4./3݌ ` (#` (# Ќ     `  L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /3>2\3  0    Implementmethodologytoevaluatecollecteddata. /3>i݌+&)(#(# Ќ  0   (#(# L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  Thepurposeofambientairtoxicsconcentrationdataevaluationistoprovidea  comprehensiveandaccurateinformationtobeusedinriskcharacterization./3݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  0   (#(#  /3   0  /3J273  0` (#(#  FourselectedpermanentairtoxicsmonitoringsiteslocatedinBrowardare p scheduledtooperatedtwentyfourhourperiodeverysixdays.OnemonitoringlocationinWestPalmBeachisscheduledtooperatedtwentyfourhourperiod,everytwelvedays.Datumwillbeevaluateduringthenextcalendaryeartoproduceacomprehensivereport.AfuturesiteselectedinMiamiDadeisexpectedtobeinoperationduringthesecondhalfoftheyear2000./3J݌ ` (#` (# Ќ     /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  DatafromtheLaboratoryInformationManagementSystemisanalyzedusing P  statisticalanalysisprocedures.Rangeoffrequencyoccurrence,arithmeticmeanandgeometricmeanforeachcompoundistabulatedtocalculatemediansandstandarddeviations.Averageconcentrationsofselectedairtoxicscompounds,andriskassessmentarecomparedwithEPANationalAirToxicsAssessment(NATA)informationtodemonstrateconsistency./3$݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Developemissionsinventoriestoidentifytrendsandtomonitorprogressinemissions  reductions./3 ݌ (#(# Ќ  L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /3n273  0` (#(#  BrowardCountyiscompilinginformationofairtoxicemissionsforthecalendar ` year1998and1999usingdatasubmittedbyfacilitiessubjecttoreportAnnualOperationReports.ProcessedinformationisreportedtoEPAtobeincludedinthenationalemissioninventories./3n݌ ` (#` (# Ќ    0 `  ` (#` (# L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   d /32\3  0    Performairtoxicsrelatedregulatoryactivities.IncorporateallEPAandDEPguidance ` intopermittingprocedures.EvaluateandpermitfacilitiesforapplicableMACTandNESHAPrules.AsMACTSandNESHAPrulesarepromulgated,identifyapplicablepointsourcefacilitiesandincorporaterequirementsintopermitconditions./3*݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Developcomplianceassistancetoolsandtargethighrisksourcecategories.dAssess ! whetherpollutionpreventionorvoluntaryprogramscanbeeffectivelyusedtoimprovecompliancewithMACTrules.Promotepollutionpreventiontosmallindustrythroughworkshopsandsitevisits./30݌ (#(# Ќ  L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /3O273  0` (#(#  AspartofDPEPscomplianceassuranceprogram,compliancechecklistshave p&!$ beendevelopedforeachpointsourcesubjecttoMACTorNESHAPrequirements.ThechecklistsensurethatDepartmentalexpectationsareclearlydefinedandcomplianceinspectionsarethroughandaccurate./3O݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Identifyhighriskareasandcreatestrategiestoencourageairtoxicsemissionreductions./3݌ +p&)(#(# Ќ   ,`'* L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /37273  0` (#(#  TheIntegratedUrbanAirToxicsStrategydevelopedundertheauthorityof  sections112(k)and112(c)(3)oftheCleanAirAct.includesactivitiesundermultipleauthoritiestoreduceairtoxicsemissionsfromallsources,includingmajorindustrialsources,smallerstationarysources,andmobilesources.ByintegratingactivitiesunderdifferentpartsoftheAct,Wecanbetteraddresscumulativepublichealthrisksandadverseenvironmentalimpactsposedbyexposurestomultipleairtoxicsinareaswheretheemissionsandrisksaremostsignificant./37n݌ ` (#` (# Ќ   L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Evaluatepointsourceemissionsandtheirimpact.Modelairtoxicsemissionsfrom  p  facilitieswithsignificantpollutantemissionsusingmathematicaldispersionmodels./3݌ (#(# Ќ   󀀀 P   /3   /3@2\3  0    Educatethepublicandbusinessesthroughoneononemeetings,workshops,factsheets @  andtechnicalpublications./3@k݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3r2\3  0    ShareDPEPsresourcesandexpertisetomaximizeairqualityimprovementsthroughout  theStateofFlorida./3r݌ (#(# X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX Ԍ  0   (#(#  /3   /32\3  0    Provideairtoxicsmonitoringtrainingandlaboratoryanalyticalservicestootherair  qualityprogramswithintheStateofFloridauponrequest./3݌ (#(# Ќ  L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L /3   0  /3273  0` (#(#  TheBrowardCountyDPEP,AirQualityDivisionactivelyprovidesample ` analysisfordeterminationofambientairtoxicstoMiamiDadeDepartmentofEnvironmentalResourceManagement(DERM),PalmBeachCountyHealthDepartmentAirPollutionControlSectionandAlachuaCountyDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection.  X XXX  J X X /3݌  p` (#` (# Ќ  CALIFORNIASAIRTOXICSPROGRAM # X X  J~#  LegislativeCitation:0 AssemblyBill1807(1983),AssemblyBill2588(1987)(bothhavebeen  subsequentlyamended)  (# (# RegulatoryCitation:0 CaliforniaHealthandSafetyCode,Division26,Part2Chapter3.5,   Section39650etseq.andPart6,Chapter1,Section44300etseq.  (# (# 0   ProgramGoal: ` 0 (#(#TheintentofCaliforniasairtoxicsprogramistoidentifytoxicairX  (# (#    `  contaminants,determineprioritiesforcontrol,achieveearlycontrol, H      `  promoteadvancedcontroltechnologiesandalternativeprocesses,assist   `  localairpollutioncontroldistricts,andprovideaconsistentlevelof   `  protectionthroughoutthestate.Contact: `  DanDonohoue,Chief H     `  EmissionsAssessmentBranch   `  StationarySourceDivision   `  CaliforniaEnvironmentalProtectionAgency   `  AirResourcesBoard   `  2020LStreet   `  P.O.Box2815   `  Sacramento,California95812   `  (916)3228277 TreatmentofAreaSources  X Californiastatutesapplytoallsourcesofairpollution.TherearenoprovisionswithintheCaliforniaHealthandSafetyCodethatdifferentiatesbetweenmajorandarea(nonmajor)sources. OverviewofCaliforniasToxicAirContaminantControlProgramsforStationarySources   X Californiahastwoprimaryprogramsinplacetoaddressairtoxics.TheToxicAirContaminant(TAC)ProgramestablishedbyAssemblyBill1807(1983)andtheAirToxics HotSpotsProgram(HotSpotsProgram)establishedbyAssemblyBill2588(1987).TheToxicAirContaminantProgramconsistsofatwophaseprocessfortheidentificationandcontrolofairtoxicsbytheAirResourcesBoard(ARBorBoard).Intheidentificationphase,thelawrequirestheOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessment(OEHHA),inconsultationwiththeARB,toevaluatethehealtheffectsandpreparerecommendationsregardingsubstanceswhichmaybedeterminedtobeTACs.ThishealthevaluationiscombinedwithanexposureassessmentthattheARBpreparestocompletetheriskassessmentevaluationofasubstance.ThesehealthandexposureevaluationsmustbereviewedbyanindependentScientificReviewPanel(SRP)andfoundtobebaseduponsoundscientificknowledge,methods,andpracticesbeforebeingpresentedtotheBoardforformalidentificationasaTAC.OnceidentifiedasaTAC,asubstanceentersthesecondphaseoftheprocess,riskmanagement,whereitisevaluated 8,'* forthedevelopmentofapossibleairbornetoxiccontrolmeasure(ATCM).ARBstaffdevelops,throughapublicprocess,a NeedsAssessmentreport.ThisreportidentifiessourcesofemissionsoftheidentifiedTACandrecommendstotheBoardwhatregulatoryactionshouldbetakentoreducetheseemissions.AfterBoardapproval,ARBstaffdevelopsanATCM.TheATCMdevelopmentisanopen,publicprocess.TheBoardmustapprovetheATCMbeforeitcanbecomeaStateregulation.Thesecondprogram,theHotSpotsProgramwasestablishedtoensurethatthepublicisinformedofpotentialhealthrisksassociatedwithexposurestoairtoxicsemissionsfromstationarysources.UndertheHotSpotsProgram,facilitiesarerequiredtoinventoryairtoxicemissions,assessthepotentialhealthrisksfromexposuretotheemissions,andifnecessary,notifythepublicandreducesignificantrisksthroughtheimplementationofariskreductionauditandplan.ThisairqualitycontrolprogramisuniquetoCaliforniaandhasbeenverysuccessfulinreducingthepublicsexposuretotoxicaircontaminants.CaliforniahasalistofpotentiallytoxicairpollutantsandisevaluatingtheneedforregulationsforpollutantsthataredesignatedasaTACasaresultoftheStatesreviewprocess.Todate,allpollutantsdesignatedasTACsareknownorsuspectedcarcinogens,includinginorganicleadwhichwasalsodesignatedbecauseofitsseriousnoncarcinogenichealtheffects.TheARBhasdesignatedalloftheHAPsidentifiedinCAASection112(b)asTACsinCalifornia.However,nineofCaliforniaspriorityTACsarenotintheUrbanAirToxicsStrategylistof33HAPs(UATSHAPs).Ofthosenine,andofsignificantconcerninCalifornia,isparticulateemissionsfromdieselfueledengines(dieselPM),identifiedbytheARBasaTACinAugust1998.Todate,specificTACcontrolmeasuresforstationarysourceshavebeenpromulgatedforeightUATSHAPs(benzene,dioxins,chromiumcompounds,cadmium,arsenic,nickel,ethyleneoxide,andperchloroethylene)fromdesignatedsourcecategories,asdiscussedonthefollowingpage.Californiaregulatestoxicairemissionsfrombothnewandexistingsourcesandhasnostatutorysourcecategoryordeminimusemissionexemptions.However,individualcontrolmeasuresmayhaveexemptionsbasedonademinimusriskorcosteffectiveness.SourceswhoserisksarelowmaybedeferredsothatARBresourcescanbedevotedtosourcecategoriesandpollutantsthatposehigherrisks.Inaddition,sourceswhichemittoxicsubstancesandaredeemedtoposeasignificantriskbylocalairdistrictsmustprepareandimplementariskreductionauditandplan.Acceptablerisklevelsaregenerallyestablishedatthelocallevel. TreatmentofToxicSources  `'"% Fornewsources(bothmajorandareasources),Californiausesacombinationofcontroltechnologyrequirementsandriskassessmenttolimittoxicemissions.Californiasapproachisbestcharacterizedas technologybasedinconsiderationofcostandrisk.Whenevaluatingpotentiallytoxicsubstances,theARBfirstperformsariskassessmentin ,`'* consultationwiththeOEHHA.Ifsufficientevidenceexists,thepollutantmaythenbedesignatedasaTAC.Ifappropriate,athresholdlevelisset.Forthe20TACsidentifiedtodate(seeTable1),theARBhasfoundthatthereisnotsufficientavailablescientificevidencetosupporttheidentificationofathresholdlevel,belowwhichnosignificantadversehealtheffectsareanticipatedfromexposuretotheTAC.(Benzo[a]pyreneandacetaldehydehavealsohadformalriskassessmentspreparedandwereidentifiedasTACsalongwiththefederalHAPs.)SourcesoftoxicsubstancesforwhichathresholdlevelhasbeenspecifiedbytheARBarerequiredtooperateinamannerthatensuresthatthethresholdlevelisnotexceeded.Wherenothresholdlevelhasbeenidentified(thisisthecasetodatesinceonlycarcinogenshavebeenregulated),controlmeasuresmustbedesignedtoreduceemissionstothelowestlevelachievablethroughtheapplicationofBestAvailableControlTechnology(BACT),unlessanalternatelevelofemissionreductionisadequateornecessarytopreventadversepublichealtheffects.Controlmeasuresmayincludeemissionlimitations,controltechnologies,operatingandmaintenancerequirements,closedsystemengineering,andsubstitutecompounds.Thesemeasuresaredevelopedinconsiderationofthecostandriskremainingaftercontrol.ARBpreparesareportontheappropriatedegreeofregulationandadoptscontrolmeasuresaccordingly.Todate,theStatehascompletedthisprocessforthefollowingTACsandsourcecategories:L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Benzeneemissionsfromretailservicestations;/3݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Hexavalentchromiumfromdecorativeandhardchromeplatingandchromicacid p anodizing;/3݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Chromatetreatedcoolingtowers;/3݌P(#(# Ќ   /3   /3r2\3  0    Dioxinsfrommedicalwasteincinerators;/3r݌@(#(# Ќ   /3   /3N2\3  0    Asbestosfromasbestoscontainingserpentinerock;/3Ny݌0(#(# Ќ   /3   /342\3  0    Toxicmetalsformnonferrousmetalmelting(cadmium,arsenic,nickel);/34_݌ p(#(# Ќ   /3   /3/2\3  0    Ethyleneoxidefromsterilizersandaerators;and/3/Z݌`(#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Perchloroethylenefromdrycleaningoperations./3?݌P(#(# Ќ  TheARBhasbegunanopenpublicprocesstoevaluatetheneed,feasibility,andcostofcontroltofurtherreducethepublicsexposuretoorganicgasesandparticulatematteremissionsfromdieselfueledengines.Tohelpidentifyadditionalopportunitiestoreducetheseemissions,theARBhasformedanAdvisoryCommitteecomposedofinterestedindustries,associations,environmentalgroups,othergovernmentalagenciessuchastheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,localairdistricts,andotherinterestedparties.SubcommitteesformedincludeStationarySource,Fuels,MobileSources,AlternativeStrategies,andRiskManagement.AftertheARBadoptsTACcontrolmeasures,thelocalairdistrictsimplementthemeasures,oradoptsmeasuresthatareatleastasstringent.TheARBproposes,adopts,andimplementsvehicularregulations,ifappropriate.ARBandtheCaliforniaAirPollutionControlOfficersAssociation(CAPCOA)havedevelopedanumberofguidancedocumentstoassistintheimplementationofthetoxicaircontaminant ,`'* controlrequirements.In1992,ARB,CAPCOA,andOEHHAdevelopedriskassessmentguidelinesforconductingsite-specificriskanalysisofsourcesofTACs.In1993,RiskManagementGuidelinesfornewandmodifiedstationarysourceswereapprovedbytheARB.Theguidelineswereintendedtopromotestatewideuniformityamongthelocaldistrictsindesigningpermittingprogramswhichevaluatecancerandnoncancerrisksfromnewsourceoftoxicairpollutants.TheguidelinessuggestthatDistrictsuseacombinationofrisklevelsandrangessuggestedbytheARBforevaluatingnewandmodifiedsourcesoftoxicairpollutants.Asestimatedexposuresandrisksassociatedwithanewprojectincrease,actionsrangingfromrequiringBACTtodisapprovingtheprojectarerecommended.Inadditiontoassessingcancerandnoncancerrisksforaproject,otherfactorssuchasthebenefitsoftheproject,theuncertaintyintheriskassessmentprocess,andtheimpactoftheprojectonsensitivereceptorscanbeconsidered.AdiscussionoftheseotherfactorsaretobeprovidedinaSpecificFindingsReportpreparedbytheapplicant.TheAirPollutionControlOfficerintheDistrictreviewsthisreportandpreparesfindingssupportingadecisiontoapproveordisapprovetheproject.Californiahasalsoestablishedambientairqualitystandardsforthenoncriteriapollutantsvinylchloride,sulfates,hydrogensulfide,andvisibilityreducingparticles.Theobjectiveoftheseandthecriteriapollutantambientstandardsdiscussedbelowistoprovideabasisforpreventingorabatingtheeffectsofairpollution,includingeffectsonhealth,esthetics,andtheeconomy. I#X XX X _# X XXX mplementationMechanism  P Californiaincorporatesexistingsourcesintotheairtoxicsprogramthroughimplementationoftoxiccontrolmeasuressourceregistration,operatingpermitrenewal,andtheemissionsinventoryprocess.Existingsourcesareidentifiedprimarilythroughtoxicsinventorydata,districtpermits,andsurveys.Newsourcesareincorporatedthroughconstructionpermits,operatingpermits,andonacasebycasebasis. CriteriaPollutantRegulations  0 Californiamaintainscriteriapollutantambientairqualitystandardsforozone,carbonmonoxide,sulfurdioxide,PM,lead,andnitrogendioxide.TheCaliforniaambientstandardsforozone,carbonmonoxide,sulfurdioxide,andPMaremorestringentthantheirfederalcounterparts;thestandardsforleadarethesame.Fornitrogendioxide,Californiamaintainsa1houraveragestandardof0.25ppmcomparedtothefederalannualaveragestandardof0.053ppm.InCaliforniatheauthoritytoregulatestationarysourcesliesprimarilyatthelocalairdistrictlevel.TheARBhasadoptedcriteriapollutantemissionsstandardsforthespecificsourcecategorieslistedinTable2.Inaddition,localairdistrictshaveadoptedregulationslimitingcriteriapollutantsfromoveronehundredsourcecategories.Theseregulationshavesubstantiallyreducedexposuretotoxicaircontaminantsthroughthecontrolofvolatileorganiccompoundsandparticulatematteremissions. ,`'*  TreatmentofMobileSources   Californiahasbeentheleaderinthecontrolofmotorvehicleemissionssince1966.In1990,theARBapprovedregulationsforlowemissionvehiclesandcleanfuels.Theseregulationsrequirevehiclemanufacturerstoproducelowemissionvehiclesmeetingexhaustemissionstandardssubstantiallymorestringentthannationalstandardsandtoensurethatcleanfuelsareavailabletotheconsumeratretailoutlets.Withrespecttolowemissionvehicles,fourcategoriesofvehicleswerecreatedbytheregulations:transitionallowemissionvehicles,low-emissionvehicles,ultralowemissionvehicles,andzeroemissionvehicles.Foreachofthesevehiclecategories,progressivelymorestringentstandardsfornonmethaneorganicgases,carbonmonoxide,oxidesofnitrogen,andformaldehydehavebeenestablished.Theseregulationsarealsoexpectedtoresultinsubstantialemissionandriskreductionsfortoxicsubstancesemittedbymotorvehicles.Beginningin1994,lowemissionpassengercarsandlightdutytruckswerephasedinunderanemissionaveragingprogram.Phaseinoflow-emissionmediumdutyvehicleswillbeginin1998.Aspartofthecleanfuelsinitiative,newStatestandardsforreformulatedgasolinebecameeffectivein1996.Thesestandardslimitthefollowinggasolineproperties: /3   /3\-2\3  0    Thecontentofaromatichydrocarbons,olefins,sulfur,benzene,andoxygen;/3\--݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3[.2\3  0    The50%and90%distillationtemperatures;and/3[..݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3=/2\3  0    TheReidvaporpressure(RVP)./3=/h/݌p(#(# Ќ  Whilethereformulatedgasolinestandardsweredesignedprimarilytoreducelevelsofcriteriapollutantssuchasozone,theyalsohavetheeffectofreducingtoxicemissions,especiallybenzeneand1,3butadiene.Itisestimatedthatthetotalmassoftoxicemissionsfromgasolinevehicleswillbereducedby30to40percentasaresultofthesestandards.ThefollowingareasofCaliforniaarealsosubjecttothefederalreformulatedgasolineprogram:LosAngelesCountyVenturaCountyOrangeCountySacramentoCounty#X XX X !# X XXX  "  #X XX X @2# X XXX SanDiegoCounty#X XX X 2# X XXX  #! YoloCounty#X XX X 2# X XXX  $" #X XX X K3# X XXX RiversideCounty(partial)#X XX X 3# X XXX  % # RiversideCounty(partial)#X XX X 3# X XXX  p&!$ ElDoradoCounty(partial)PlacerCounty(partial)#X XX X o4# X XXX  P(#& SanBernardinoCounty(partial)#X XX X 4# X XXX  @)$' SolanoCounty(partial)SutterCounty(partial)#X XX X n5#  +p&)  ,`'*  X XXX  EmissionsData   Californiamaintainsacomprehensiveairtoxicsemissioninventoryaswellascollectingemissionsdatafrompermitapplications,ambientmonitoring,stacktesting,andquestionnairesandsurveys.ThetoxicsemissioninventoryisadevelopmentoftheHotSpotsProgram,whichrequiressubjectfacilitiestoreporttheiremissionsofapproximately300airtoxics.Approximately6,500largerfacilitieshavereportedtheirtoxicsemissions.InventorydataarestoredwithcriteriapollutantdataintheCaliforniaEmissionInventoryDevelopmentandReportingSystems(CEIDARSII)andarerequiredtobeupdatedeveryfouryears.Inventoriesforapproximately25,000 industrywideorareasourcefacilities(gasstations,drycleaners,autobodyshops,andprinters)arebeingdevelopedandwillalsobestoredinCEIDARSII. MonitoringData  P  TheARBalsomaintainsastatewideambientairtoxicsmonitoringnetwork.Thisnetwork,consistingof21sites,isoneofthemostcomprehensiveairtoxicsmonitoringnetworks.Thenetworkroutinelymonitorsforabout60toxicsubstancesandgeneratesover40,000measurementseachyeartosupporttheCaliforniaprogram.Thedatageneratedfromthenetworkisusedtoevaluateemissiontrends,toestablishbackgroundexposureconcentrations,andtoprioritizeidentificationandcontrolactions. TestMethods   TheARBhasdevelopedsourcetestingmethodsforover80toxicsubstances.Sourcetestresultsareusedtoestimateexposure,evaluateruleeffectiveness,anddeterminecompliance.#X XX X 6# X XXX *x!!d dN dd N dd OS(#(#x, dd ,z dd +  # @ #Table1.CaliforniaToxicAirContaminants !" !Benzene  (x Trichloroethylene  (x EthyleneDibromide   Chloroform   EthyleneDichloride  0 VinylChloride  0 HexavalentChromium    InorganicArsenic     Asbestos  8"! MetallicNickelandInorganicNickelCompounds  (#x# Dibenzopdioxions/Dibenzofurans  $$ Perchloroethylene  $% MetallicCadmiumandCadmiumCompounds   'p"' Formaldehyde  0&!( CarbonTetrachloride  (#) 1,3Budadiene  (#* EthyleneOxide  (*x%+ InorganicLead  (*x%, MethyleneChloride  +&- AllfederalCAASection112(b)HAPs +&. *x")d d dd z dd z !!(#(#x,7dd"+    Table2.ListofSpecifiedSourceCategoriesthattheCaliforniaResourcesBoardhasAuthoritytoRegulateforCriteriaPollutants*  D AgriculturalBurning ,"x ,AbrasiveBlasting ," L  ,GasolineMarketingOperations '  'ConsumerProducts ' a 'AerosolCoatingProducts '  'MotorVehicles 'i  'MotorVehicleFuels '  'PortableEquipment '!q  'UtilityEquipment"  "0  0` (#(#*0 ` (#` (#Thelocalairdistrictshaveprimaryauthorityforregulatingstationary   sourcesandhaveadoptedregulationscoveringover80sourcecategories.#X XX X <# X XXX   (# (#  #X XX X E#X XXX J XX CaliforniasGuidanceDocumentsAvailabletoAssist  AgenciesinAssessingandManagingRiskfromToxicAirContaminantEmissions#X X J1F##X XXX F#X XXX  0 HEALTHEFFECTSOFTOXICAIRCONTAMINANTS  8  L V(p8/1234567L /3   /3H2V  1  .3  0    ToxicAirContaminantIdentificationListSummaries (September1997)/3HBH݌ (#(# Ќ  Description:Factsheetsprovideindividualsummariesofgeneralexposureandhealtheffects   informationforthe243substancesincludedonCaliforniaARBToxicAirContaminantIdentificationList.Thesesummariesprovidereadily-availableinformationonthephysicalproperties,sourcesandemissions,ambientconcentrations,indoorsourcesandconcentrations,atmosphericpersistence,riskassessmentinformation,andpotentialhealtheffects.Available:CDand4C ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/tac/tac.htm6K^O.K  7\K H  L &((L /3   /3IL2&  2  .3  0    OEHHADraftAirToxicsHotSpotsRiskAssessmentGuidelines (fiveparts)/3ILwL݌(x(#(# Ќ  Description:Thefirstthreedocumentsprovideguidanceondeterminingthecancer,acutenon X cancer,andchronicnoncancerhealthvaluesforcompounds.Thefourthdocumentprovidesguidanceforconductingsourcespecificriskassessments.Thefifthdocumentservesasacookbookorhowtodocumentforconductingriskassessments.0  0` (#(#  PartI:0` ` (#` (#0 ` (#` (#TechnicalSupportDocumentforDeterminationofAcuteToxicity  ExposureLevelsforAirborneToxicants (# (#   PartII:0 ` 0 ` (#` (#TechnicalSupportDocumentforDeterminingCancerPotencyFactors (# (# 0  0` (#(#  PartIII:0 ` (#` (#TechnicalSupportDocumentfortheDeterminationofChronicToxicity  ExposureLevelsforAirborneToxicants (# (#   PartIV:0 TechnicalSupportDocumentforExposureAssessmentandStochastic x Analysish (# (#   PartV: ` 0 QuantitativeEvaluationofHealthEffects(notavailable)X  (# (# Available:4BT^O  5  http://www.oehha.org/scientific/other.html6R^OR  7R.Printedcopiesmaybeobtainedforafee 8" fromCopyWorld,2154UniversityAve.,Berkeley,CA94704. (#x   EMISSIONSINVENTORYANDAIRQUALITYDATA  %X "  /3   /37T2&  3  .3  0    EmissionInventoryCriteriaandGuidelinesReportForTheAirToxics HotSpots &8"$ ProgramMay15,1997 (EffectiveJuly1,1997)/37TeT݌'(#%(#(# Ќ  Description:TheGuidelinesprovidedirectionandcriteriaonhowtocompileandsubmitair )%' toxicsemissioninventorydata.TheGuidelinescontainemissionfactorsandspeciationinformation. +&) Available:Hardcopyand4H ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/2588guid.htm6V^OV  76W  L ((L /3   /3W2  4  .3  0    FacilityToxicEmissionsandRiskData /3WX݌(#(# Ќ  Description:ThissitewillaccesstheCEIDARStoxicandcriteriaemissionsdatabase.Asearch `  enginewillidentifyaspecificfacilityorgroupoffacilities,andthenreportsthetoxicandcriteriapollutantsandhealthriskinformationforaspecificfacility.Available:4AT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/emisinv/disclaim.htm6Z^O,Z  7NZZ  p   5.  ARBsToxicsAirQualityData  P  Description:ThiswebsiteprovidesStatewideorsitebysitesummariesofspecificvolatile 0  organiccompoundsAvailable:4@eT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/toxics.htm6[^O[  7,%\   6.  TheCaliforniaAirQualityDataHomepage   Description:TheARBcompilesdatafrom22toxicairqualitymonitoringstationslocated p throughoutCalifornia.Youcanviewairqualitydatadynamically,thatis,directlyfromtheARBairqualitydatabase,inaddition,tohavingairqualitydataavailableonacompactdiskorinasummarizedwebpage/tableformat.Thissiteprovidesinteractivedata,airqualitydataCDS,PM2.5NetworkDesign,AnnualSummariesforOzone,PM10,andToxics,DailyPollutantReport, 0 YearToDateOzoneReport,SpecialStudies,andStateAreaDesignations.Available:4DT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/aqd.htm6_^O_  7n_Ԁand P 4E^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/aqdcd/aqdcdreq.htm6``^Ot`  7` @  7.  The1999CaliforniaAlmanacofEmissions&AirQuality    Description:The1999Almanaccontainsinformationaboutcurrentandhistoricalemissionsand "  airqualityinCalifornia.ThiseditionrepresentsaMay1998snapshotofthe1995emissionsinventoryandthe1997airqualitydatabases.Available:Hardcopyand4U ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/almanac/almanac99.htm6b^Ob  7Fc p&!$  L f((L /3   /3%d2f  8  .3  0    TheARBsmostcurrentemissioninventoryandairqualitydatabases /3%dPd݌P(#&(#(# Ќ  Description:ContainsthemostcurrentcriteriaandtoxicsemissioninventoryforCalifornia 0*%( Available:4VT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/emisinv/emsmain/emsmain.htm6e^Oe  7f ,`'*   /3   /3f2f  9  .3  0    ARBEmissionInventorypublications /3ff݌(#(# Ќ  Description:Updatedinformationonemissioninventoryinformationincludingnewemission  factorsandspeciationprofiles.Available:4WT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/emisinv/pubs/pubs.htm6Hh^O\h  7h P   SOURCERISKASSESSMENTMETHODOLOGIES  0   10.  CAPCOAAirToxics HotSpotsProgramRevised1992RiskAssessment `  Guidelines (October1993) P  Description:Theseguidelinesprovideproceduresforuseinpreparingsourcespecifichealthrisk 0  assessments.Available:Hardcopyand4X ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/riskassess.htm6j^Oj  7Vk   11.0  CAPCOAAirToxics HotSpotsProgramFacilityPrioritizationGuidelines (#(# (July1990)Description:Theseguidelinesprovidesuggestedscreeningprocedurestoidentifyfacilitiesthat ` needtoconductmorerefinedhealthriskassessments..Available:Hardcopyand4Y ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/prioritization.htm6m^O%m   7 VSm 0  12.  CAPCOAAirToxics HotSpotsProgramGasolineServiceStationIndustrywide ` RiskAssessmentGuidelines (December1997) P Description:Thisdocumentprovidesspecificguidanceforassessingtheriskfromgasoline 0 stationemissions.Available:Hardcopyand4Z ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/rrap-iwra/gasiwra.pdf6_o^Oso   7 o "   13.0  CAPCOAAirToxics HotSpotsProgramAutoBodyshopIndustrywideRisk $" AssessmentGuidelines (September1996)% #(#(# Description:Thisdocumentprovidesspecificguidancefordevelopingandconductingahealth `'"% riskassessmentforautobodyshops.Available:Hardcopyand4[ ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/rrap-iwra/autbody.pdf6q^Oq  7r 0*%(  RISKREDUCTIONAUDITSANDPLANS  ,`'* Ї 14.0  GeneralGuidanceforPreparingRiskReductionPlansandGeneralChecklistfor  CompletionofARiskReductionAuditandPlan (November1997)(#(# Description:Thegeneralguidelinespresentsinformationtobeusedbyafacilitythatemitstoxic  aircontaminantstoassisttheminpreparingariskreductionauditandplan.Available:Hardcopyand4\ ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/rrap.htm6t^Ot  7t P   15.0  SourceSpecificRiskReductionAuditsandPlansGuidelines 0 (#(# Description:ARBstaffhasdevelopedthesixsourcespecificguidelinesforpreparingrisk `  reductionauditsandplansforaerospace,automobilerefinishing,chromeplating,degreasing,drycleaners,andservicestations.#X XXX -G#X XXX ԀThedocumentsincludeinformationonriskreductiontechniques. @  Available:Hardcopyand4] ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ab2588/rrap.htm.6w^Ow  7x    L #v((L /3   /3 y2v  16  .3  0    RiskManagementGuidelinesforNewandModifiedSourcesofToxicAirPollutants   (July1993)/3 y9y݌(#(# Ќ  Description:Thisdocumentprovidesguidancetoairdistrictsstaffinmakingpermitting  decisionsfornewandmodifiedstationarysourcesofTACs.Theguidelinesprovidedirectiononmanagingpotentialcancerandnoncancerhealthrisksfromthesesources.Available:Hardcopyand4_ ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/rm.htm6{^O{  7{ @  RISKCOMMUNICATION   p  17.0  FinalCAPCOAAirToxics HotSpotsProgramPublicNotificationGuidelines  P (October1992) (#(# Description:Thisdocumentprovidesairdistrictswithatoolforcommunicatingriskstothe   public.Available:Hardcopyonly #!  EMISSIONCONTROLTECHNOLOGYRESOURCES  % #  18.0  ACompilationofCaliforniaBACTDeterminationReceivedbytheCAPCOA `'"% BACTClearinghouse (November1993)P(#&(#(# Description:Thisdocumentprovidesinformationtoassistindeterminingbestavailablecontrol 0*%( technology(BACT)orlowestachievablecontrolrequirements(LAER)foragivenstationarysourcecategory.TablescontainkeyinformationondistrictBACT/LAERdeterminations. ,`'* ЇAvailable:Hardcopyand4` ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/bact/bact.htm6`^Ot  7   19.0  TheSouthCoastAirQualityManagementDistrict,BestAvailableControl  TechnologyGuidelines (#(# Description:TheBACTGuidelinesconsistoftwoparts:PartA-PolicyandImplementation `  Procedures,andPartB-BACTDeterminations.PartAestablishedthepoliciesandproceduresfordeterminingBACTrequirements,andPartBlistsBACTrequirementsforcategoriesofsourcesorequipmentcommonlyevaluatedforpermitsintheDistrict.Available:4aT^O  5  http://www.aqmd.gov/bact/index.htm#home16h^O|  7 `   20.0  IdentificationofPerformanceStandardsforExistingStationarySourcesA @  ResourceDocument (April1999)0 (#(# Description:Theresourcedocumentisintendedtoassistairdistrictsinupdatingtheirrulesto  ensureinclusionofallfeasibleemissioncontrolrequirements.Summarytablescomparerulerequirementsbydistrict,identifytheachievableperformancestandards,andemergingtechnologiesfor25sourcecategories.Available:Hardcopyand4J ^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/aps/aps.htm6t^O  7(#  p  21.0  CaliforniaAirPollutionControlDistrictsRulesDatabaseP(#(#  Description:ThisdatabasecontainsallofCalifornia'slocalairpollutioncontroldistricts 0 (35districts)rules.Available:4bT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/html/drdb.htm6`^Ot  7  P  TOXICAIRCONTAMINANTEMISSIONSFROMDIESELFUELEDENGINES  0  22.  IdentificationofParticulateMatterfromDieselFueledEnginesasaToxicAir !   Contaminant  "  Description:Thiswebsitecontainsdetailedbackgroundinformationontheidentificationof $" particulatematterfromdieselfueledenginesasatoxicaircontaminant.Available:4cT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/dieseltac/dieseltac.htm.6^O)  7W `'"%  23.0  CaliforniasRiskManagementActivitiesAddressingDieselFueledEnginesand @)$' Vehicles 0*%((#(# Description:Thiswebsiteprovidesdetailedinformationconcerningthecurrentriskmanagement ,`'* activitiesinCaliforniaregardingdieselfueledenginesandvehicles.Available:4M"^O  5  Ԁhttp://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/diesel.htm6{^Oocum  7is   24.  DraftDieselRiskReductionPlan p  Description:Thisdocumentpresentsinformationthatidentifiestheavailableoptionstoreduce P  dieselPM,andidentifiesrecommendedcontrolmeasurestoachievefurtherreductions.Available:4Nis"^O  5  Ԁhttp://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/diesel.htm6^Oocum  7isԏ   p  25.  DraftDieselPermittingGuidance P   Description:ThisdocumentistheAirResourcesBoardstaffsproposedguidancetoassistlocal 0  airpollutioncontroldistrictsandairqualitymanagementdistrictsinmakingriskmanagementdecisionsassociatedwiththepermittingofnewstationarydieselfueledengines.Available:4dT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/diesel.htm6^O  7J   LEADRISKMANAGEMENTACTIVITIES   wXX #ww#w#ww#X Xw1##X XXX s#X XXX  26.  ProposedIdentificationofInorganicLeadasaToxicAirContaminantStaffReport. :  Description:Thisdocumentsummarizesthebasisfortheidentificationofleadasatoxicair j contaminant.Available:Hardcopyonly. :  27.0  ProposedIdentificationofInorganicLeadasaToxicAirContaminantTechnical  SupportDocument (#(#  Description:Thisdocumentpresentsthedetailedanalysiswhichservedasthebasisforthe ! identificationofleadasatoxicaircontaminant.Itisboundinthreevolumes;PartAExposureAssessment,PartBHealthAssessment,andPartCStaffResponsetoComments.Available:Hardcopyonly.  Z% # 28.0  DraftRiskManagementGuidelinesforNew,ModifiedandExistingSourcesof :'"% Lead. (#(#  Description:ThisdocumentistheAirResourcesBoardstaffsproposedguidancetoassistlocal  *Z%( AirPollutionControlDistrictsandAirQualityManagementDistrictsinmakingriskmanagementdecisionsassociatedwiththepermittingofnewandmodifiedsourcesofleadand +:'* regardingnotificationandriskreductionsforexistingsourcesoflead.Available:4eT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxicx/lead/lead.htm6`^Ot  7   COMMUNITY/NEIGHBORHOODASSESSMENTPROGRAM  p  29.0  CleanAirforCaliforniaCommunities P (#(# Description:ThisdocumentcontainsinformationonCaliforniascommunityhealthprogram. 0  Thedocumentdescribesnewandongoingprogramsforidentifyingairpollutionshealtheffects,assessingpublichealthrisksinCaliforniascommunities,andreducingpublichealthrisk.Available:4fT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/ch/clean_air_communities.pdf6:^ON  7| @   GENERALINFORMATIONONCALIFORNIASAIRTOXICSPROGRAM     30.0  AirResourcesBoards(ARB)AirToxicsProgramHomePage (#(# Description:TheARBairtoxicshomepage.  Available:4gT^O  5  http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/toxics.htm6Q^Oe  7.#X XXX ٓ# X XXX   p #X XX X A# J XX COLORADODEPARTMENTOFPUBLICHEALTHAND  ENVIRONMENT(CDPHE)#X X J#    AirPollutionControlDivision(APCD)     UrbanAirToxics    AnewnationalstrategytodealwithurbanairtoxicshasbeenreleasedbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.TheCleanAirAct(CAA)requiresthaturbanairtoxicsberegulated,asseenintheCleanAirActSections112(k)and202(l).L 8/1234567\p(#L /3   /32\3  0    Section112(k)stipulatesthatEPAmustdevelopanUrbanAirToxicsStrategy,suchthat `  HazardousAirPollutant(HAP)emissionsfromareasources(thoseemittinglessthan10tons/yearofasingleHAPor25tons/yearoftwoormoreHAPs)mustbereducedsothata75percentreductionincancerincidenceattributabletoemissionsfromsuchsourcesisachieved./3@݌ (#(# Ќ  L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /32\3  0    Section202(l)stipulatesthat,asnecessary,theEPAshallpassregulationscontaining ` reasonablerequirementstocontrolhazardousairpollutantsfrommotorvehiclesandmotorvehiclefuels.Theregulationsaretocontainstandardsforfuelsand/orvehicleswhichtheEPAdeterminesreflectthegreatestdegreeofreasonableemissionreductionachievable./3֤݌ (#(# Ќ  InearlyJulytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)releaseditsFinalUrbanAirToxicsStrategy. NationalToxicsInventoryPresentation :  OnApril7,1999,theEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)metwithColoradoAirPollutionControlDivisionstaffandinterestedpartiesregardingtheNationalToxicsInventory(NTI),anationalrepositoryofairtoxicsdatabeingdevelopedbytheEPA.TheApril7presentationwasheldtoeducatethepublicregardingtheNTIandtoasklocalstakeholderstoreviewandcommentonthereporteddataandinventorydevelopmentmethods.Formoreinformation,contactLisaSilvawithintheColoradoAirPollutionControlDivisionat(303)6923119Ifyouhaveanyothergeneralcommentsorquestions,pleasecontactLisaSilvaat(303)6923119,orMarkMcMillan,at(303)6923140bothwiththeColoradoAirPollutionControlDivision. #@!  MultipleAirToxicsExposureStudy(MATESII)  % !# TheMultipleAirToxicsExposureStudy(MATESII)isalandmarkurbanairtoxicsmonitoringandevaluationstudyconductedfortheSouthCoastAirBasininCalifornia.Thestudywas '#% initiatedin1997andrepresentsoneofthemostcomprehensiveairtoxicsprogramsever (#& conductedinanurbanenvironmentandcertainlymorecomprehensivethanasimilarstudy(MATESI)completedadecadeago. p+&)   Highlightsofthestudyinclude: /3   /32\3  0    Averageriskforcancerinthelocalairbasinisapproximately1,400permillionpeople  with70%oftheriskfromdieselparticulateemissions,closeto20%fromothermobilesources,andabout10%fromstationarysourceemissions;/3݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3a2\3  0    Cancerriskfromsomepollutantshasdeclinedbyasmuchas75%overthepastdecade p withnoticeableimprovementswith3HazardousAirPollutants(HAPs)inparticular(Chromium+6,benzene,andbutadienetrenddatafordieselparticulateswerenotavailablesinceCancerriskwasnotincludedinthefirstMATESstudy);/3a݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3a2\3  0    Differencesinriskfromonesitetothenextaremoretheresultsoftheinfluenceof 0  mobilesourceemissionsthanstationarysourceemissions;and,/3a݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Strongseasonalvariationsexistinpollutantlevels(higherinlatefallandwinter) `  especiallyformobileHAPs./3݌ (#(# Ќ  Formoreinformation,eitherseetheMATESIIwebsiteorcontactMarkMcMillanat3036923140,orLisaSilvaat3036923119,bothoftheColoradoAirPollutionControlDivision.      J XX FLORIDADEPSAIRTOXICSPROGRAM#X X Jӳ#   0   LegislativeCitation : 0(#(#FloridaStatutes,TitleXXIXPublicHealth,Chapter403,  EnvironmentalControl (#(#  WebsiteLocation:    4* ^O  5  M  http://www.leg.state.fl.us/citizen/documents/statutes/1999/ch0403/titl0403.htmM  6U^Oirisk  7 j   0   RegulatoryCitation :0 (#(#0 (# (#Chapter624,andChapters62200through62297,Florida h  AdministrativeCode (#(#  WebsiteLocation : 4+ ^O  5  M  http://www.dep.state.fl.us/ogc/documents/rules/rulelistpa.htm#airM  6÷^O׷risk  7 " 8   AirProgramMission :0  ThemissionofDivisionofAirResourcesManagementisto h  protecthumanhealth,conservethestate'sairresourcesandecosystems,andimproveairquality. (#(#  WebsiteLocation : 4/ ^O  5    M  http://www.dep.state.fl.us/air/M  63^OGrisk  7 du (  TreatmentofAreaSources   Floridahasdevelopedmanymechanismstoaidinstreamliningthepermittingofareasources.Anareasourcecanobtainapermittingexemptionifthefacilityhasnounitspecificregulatoryrequirement,anditsPTEislessthan10%ofamajorsourcethreshold.TitleVgeneralpermitshavebeendevelopedforareasourcessubjecttothefederalNESHAPSprogram,andnonTitleVgeneralpermitshavebeendevelopedforothersourcecategories,suchasbulkgasolineplants,surfacecoatingoperations,castpolymeroperations,heatingunits,concretebatchplants,andhumanandanimalcrematories.WebsitelocationforTitleVgeneralpermitforms:   p  (x 40 ^O  5  M  http://www.dep.state.fl.us/air/forms/t5forms.htmM  6g^O{risk  7  h WebsitelocationfornonTitleVgeneralpermitforms: p   X 41 ^O  5  M  http://www.dep.state.fl.us/air/forms/nont5forms.htmMV  6 ^Orisk  7 L  H X XXX     Z  OverviewofFloridaDEPsAirToxicsProgram Z Ԍ "(  ЌX XXX   ThestatesairtoxicsprogramislargelydrivenbytherequirementsofthefederalCleanAirAct. #! TheFloridaDEPadoptsbyreferencefederallypromulgatedNESHAPswithin6monthsoftheirpromulgationbyEPA.TheDEPwasthefirststateagencytoadoptandimplementtheSection112(g)casebycaseMACTprogram,andhascompletedadozenMACTdeterminationssincetheprogramsinception.AllfacilitiessubjecttotheNESHAPsprogramarerequiredtobepermittedthroughaTitleVmechanism,although,asnotedabove,theDEPhasdevelopedTitleVgeneralpermitsforareasourcessubjecttoNESHAPs.TheDEPusesbothfederallyenforceablestateconstructionandoperatingpermitstorestrictsourceswhosepotentialtoemitHAPsisaboveamajorsourcethreshold,yetarewillingtooperateatareasourceemissionlevelstoavoidMACTbasedrequirementsformajorsources. 8,'* ЇAlthoughFloridahasaverywelldevelopedambientmonitoringprogramforcriteriapollutants,longtermmonitoringforHAPshasonlybeenconductedinafewurbanareas(Jacksonville,Ft.Lauderdale,DelrayBeachandSt.Petersburg).In2000,DEPreceivedthelegislativeauthorityandresourcestodevelop6moreHAPmonitoringsites,whichareexpectedtobeoperatingaroundJan.2001.TheDEPsTallahasseeheadquarters,its6districtofficesand8countyenvironmentalprogramscoordinatetheimplementationofFloridasairtoxicsprogram.RepresentativesfromeachoftheseofficesparticipateintheFloridaAirToxicsWorkingGroup,todisseminatenewinformation,reviewissues,andtoprovideupdatesandfeedbackoncurrentairtoxicsprojects.Thegroupmeetsonanadhocbasisandservesasthefocalpointforconductingthestatesairtoxicsprogramactivities.Contact: ` JohnGlunnorCindyPhillips     0     ` FLDept.ofEnv.Protection0  0` (#(#DivisionofAirResourcesMgmt. ` (#` (#    ` 2600BlairStoneRoad   ` Tallahassee,FL323992400   ` 42 ` ^O  5  M  john.glunn@dep.state.fl.usM>  6^Orisk  7 4  0  (850/9219548)(#(#    ` 43 ` ^O  5  M  cindy.phillips@dep.state.fl.usM  6p^Orisk  7   0  (850/9219534) (#(# J XX ILLINOISAIRTOXICSPROGRAM#X X J#  LegislativeCitation:0 0 (# (# 415IllinoisCompiledStatutes(ILCS),Act5,Environmental  ProtectionAct,TitleII,AirPollution(415ILCS5/8-10) (#(# RegulatoryCitation:0 0 (# (#35IllinoisAdministrativeCode(IAC),Sections201-276.  (#(# ProgramGoal:0 0 (# (# TheintentofIllinois'sairtoxicsprogramistolisttoxicair h  contaminantsandidentifytoxicaircontaminantemissionsfrompermittedsources.TheStateiscurrentlyreviewingreportedtoxicaircontaminantemissionstodeterminewhethercontrolstandardsarerequiredtoprotectpublichealth. (#(#  Contact: ` 0 0 (# (# HankNaourX (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#IllinoisEnvironmentalProtectionAgency (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#P.O.Box19506 (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#Springfield,Illinois62794-9506 (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#(217)785-1716 (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#email:MX XXX X XXX @X XXX       ??US.,_epa2211@epa.state.il.usMrms:      US.,??.,}(#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#(fax)217/5245023 (#(#  TreatmentofAreaSources AreasourcesoftoxicairpollutantsinIllinoisareregulatedinthreeways:(1)theIllinoisToxic x AirContaminant(ITAC)regulation,Rule232(35IAC232);(2)Stateconstructionandoperatingpermitregulations;and(3)StateVolatileOrganicMaterial(VOM)rules.Theseprogramsregulate"smallsources"asdefinedbytherulesandthereforemayapplytoareasourcesasdefinedunderSection112oftheCleanAirAct.ThepermitrulesandtheVOMrulesarepartoftheStateImplementationPlan(SIP),andtheirrequirementsarethereforeenforceablebytheStateandbytheU.S.EPA.TheITACregulation,promulgatedin1992,isnotpartoftheSIPandisthereforeenforceableonlybytheState.Rule232coversnumeroustoxicaircontaminants,includingall33l112(k)HAPs.Thestatedgoaloftheprogramistocontrolreleasesoftoxicaircontaminantsthatmaycauseorsignificantlycontributetoanincreaseinmortalityoranincreaseinseriousirreversibleorincapacitatingreversibleillness,ormayposeasignificantthreattohumanhealth.Theprogramdoesnotrequireaquantifiedreductionincancerornoncancerrisk,butthepotentialtocausedeath(acutelethality),thepotentialtocauseadversehealtheffectsafterchronicexposure(chronictoxicity),andcarcinogeniceffectsareconsideredinlistingtoxicaircontaminants.Theprogramisunderdevelopmentandcurrentlyonlyrequiresrecordkeepingandreportingofemissionsofthelistedcontaminants.Anyneworexistingfacilitythatmanufactures,processes,orimports25,000poundsormoreofanyindividuallistedcontaminantinanycalendaryearorotherwiseuses10,000poundsormoreofanyindividualcontaminantinanycalendaryearissubjecttotherecordkeepingandreportingrequirementsoftheITACregulation(Rule232). 8,'* Sourcesmustkeeprecordsofchemicaluseandmanufacture,andreportratesofusetotheState.Theymustupdatethereportsifemissionsincreasebymorethan10percentinagivenyear.Illinoisiscurrentlyevaluatingwhetherthereportedemissionsconstitutesignificanthealthrisksandaresufficienttowarrantdevelopmentofanapproachtomanageresidualriskandcontroltechnologyrequirements.TheStateexpectstomakethesedecisionsinthefallof'2000,afterassessingthecancerand_noncancer_Ԁrisksfromindividualfacilities.Considerationsofcumulativerisksonsite-specific,county,andregionalbaseswillalsoinformtheState'sdecisions.WhetheraresidualriskcomponentshouldbeaddedwillalsobeaddressedduringtheState'sreviewoftheprogram.TheStateexpectstomodelanycontroltechnologyrequirementsontheFederalNationalEmissionStandardsforHazardousAirPollutants.TheStateconstructionandoperatingpermitrequirements(351AC201)applytoanyneworexistingstationarysource,includingareasources,thatisnotexemptunder351AC201.146.Althoughtheseregulationsdonotprovideauthoritytoregulatethepotential112(k)_HAPs_,theStatereviewsemissionsofthesechemicalsonacase-by-casebasisaspartofthepermittingprocess.Fornewandmodifiedsources,thereviewoccursduringthereviewofconstructionpermitapplications.Forexistingsources,thereviewoccursduringthereviewofoperatingpermitapplications.TheStateusestheIndustrialSourceComplex(_ISC_)modeltopredictambientconcentrationsatthefencelineoratotherlocations.Dependingontheirfindings,theStatesuggeststhatthefacilitybeginavoluntarycontrolstrategy.IllinoisEPAstaffreportedthatmultiplefacilitieshaveoptedtoinstallvoluntarycontrolsinresponsetotheprogram.Dependingonsize,throughput,orothercriteria,someareasourceswillfittheapplicabilitycriteriainIllinois's_VOM_Ԁrules(35IAC215).Therulewaspromulgatedin1972andhasbeenamendednumeroustimes.Certainexistingsourcesconstructedbeforethepromulgationandamendmentdatesareexempt.Withcertainexceptions,_VOM_Ԁareanycompoundsofcarbonthatparticipateinatmosphericphotochemicalreactions;severalpotentialII2(k)_HAPs_Ԁarephotochemicallyreactiveandhencevolatileorganicmaterials.Therulescoverstorageandloadingoperations,miscellaneousequipment,solventcleaning,andcoatingoperations,andpolymerequipmentleaksaswellasanumberofindustries,includingvegetableoilprocessing,printingandpublishing,syntheticorganicchemicalmanufacturing,petroleumrefining,asphalt,rubberandplasticparts,pharmaceuticals,cokemanufacturing,airoxidation,construction,gasolinedistribution,drycleaning,paintandinkmanufacturing,polystyrene,miscellaneousformsmanufacturing,andmiscellaneousorganicchemicals.The_VOM_Ԁrulesimposecontroltechnologyrequirementsonregulatedsourcesorinsomeotherwaylimitemissions.Rules218and219regulate_VOM_ԀintheChicagoandMetroEast(ofChicago)ozonenonattainmentareastheseareas.Rule215applieselsewhereinthestate. TreatmentofMajorSourcesofToxicAirPollutants  0*%( Theregulationofmajorsourcesoftoxicairpollutantsparallelstheregulationofareasources.The_ITAC_Ԁregulationsrequirecertainmajorsourcestokeeprecordsonchemicaluseand ,`'* manufacture,andreportratesofusetotheState.Underrules35IAC203and270,theStatereviewsemissionsofthepotential112(k)_HAPs_Ԁ(andothertoxicairpollutants)onacase-by-casebasisaspartofthepermittingprocessfornewandexistingmajorstationarysources.The_VOM_rulesalsoapplytomajorsources.   MercuryReductionInitiative IllinoisEPAhasbeenproactiveinworkingwiththeotherGreatLakesStatesinfocusingon P  mercuryreductionsintheGreatLakesBasin.Mercurycyclesintheenvironmentasaresultofnaturalandhuman(anthropogenic)activities.Theamountofmercurymobilizedandreleasedintothebiospherehasincreasedsincethebeginningoftheindustrialage.Mostofthemercuryintheatmosphereiselementalmercuryvapor,whichcirculatesintheatmosphereforuptoayear,andhencecanbewidelydispersedandtransportedthousandsofmilesfromlikelysourcesofemission.Mostofthemercuryinwater,soil,sediments,orplantsandanimalsisintheformofinorganicmercurysaltsandorganicformsofmercury(e.g.,methylmercury).IllinoisEPAhasjoinedwiththeStateofOhioinestablishingmercurymonitoringsitesinthelowerGreatLakesStatesareatoattemptmeasurementofmercuryinambientairandpointsourceidentification.Thiseffortisintendedtocreateaneffectivestrategyformercurydepositionreductions.IllinoisisalsoinvolvedinperipheralprogramsfocusedonMercuryusereductionandwastehandlingmeasures.TheIllinoisPollutionControlBoardhasadoptedtheUniversalWasteRulewhicheffectsthe_landfilling_Ԁoffluorescentlightbulbs,mercurycontainingbatteriesandthermostats.Attheannualpublicmultiplesitetoxicmaterialsrecoveryprogram,elementalmercuryisturnedintotheIllinoisEPAforproperhandlinganddisposal.  0 CumulativeRiskInitiative(CRI) TheCumulativeRiskInitiative(CRI)isacommunitybasedefforttoassesscumulativeair P pollutanthazardsandtoreducetherisksposedbyexposuretoresidentsoftheChicagoareaandnorthwesternIndiana.CRIwasinitiatedinresponsetoaToxicSubstancesControlAct21CitizensPetitionfrom11Chicagoareacommunitygroups.ThepetitionfocusedupontheregulatorygapintheCleanAirActthatallowedindustrialairpermitstobeapprovedonasitebysite(ratherthancumulative)basis.TheCRIfocushasexpandedbeyondthelimited,sectorandmediaspecificconcerns(e.g.,incineratorsiting)originallyexpressedinthepetitionandhastakentheformofamultiphasedprocess.InthefirstphaseoftheprojectgeneralinformationonmultimediasourcesofpollutionwascollectedandcompiledinanEnvironmentalLoadingProfile(_Versar_Ԁ1999).ThecumulativeassessmentphasehasproducedaScreeningdocument,whichfocusesmorespecificallyonairquality.Implementationofpollutionpreventionorotherhazardreductionactivitiesisplannedastheultimateoutcome.CRIisbeingconductedoutsidethescopeofthetraditionalregulatoryprocess.Thecumulativeassessmentphaseisbothahazardassessmentandmappingexercisedesignedtoprovideinformationforproblemprioritizationandbetterdecisionmaking.Objectivesofthetwocountyscreeningstudyareto: ,`'* (1)BetterunderstandenvironmentalconditionsinCookCounty,ILandLakeCounty,INbyexaminingtheairqualityimpactofpoint,areaandmobilesources;(2)Fosterdialoguewithstakeholders;(3)Developatransferablemethodologythatcanbeusedinotherurbanareas;andinformenforcementtargetingandpollutionpreventionstrategies.Attherequestofthecitizensgroups,theprojectincludesaspecialfocusonchildren.TheprojectalsoisapilotforRegionVinthecollectionanduseofalimitednumberofenvironmentalhealth/susceptibilityindicators(e.g.,bloodlead,asthma).ProductsofthecumulativeassessmentphasethatareincludedinthisscreeningdocumentincludebaselinemeasuresfordifferentgeographicalareasandaseriesofGISmapsandoverlays.Thebaselineyearfortheassessmentis1996,althoughsome_datasets_Ԁincludemultipleyears.TheapproachtotheScreeningAssessmenthasevolvedovertimethroughdialoguewiththepetitionersandotherstakeholders,includingIllinoisEPA.Theapproachisalsoshapedbytheavailabilityofdataandmethods.Theassessmentusesaweightofevidenceapproachtoidentifygeographicareaswithinthetwocountystudyareawhichmaymeritfurtherattention.Multipleenvironmentalmeasuresincludingemissionsdatabases,monitoredambientairconcentrations,andmodeledambientairconcentrationsfromU.S.EPAsNationalCumulativeExposureProject(_CEP_)areemployedintheassessment.Hazardloadingsandlevelsareassessedusingtoxicityweights(U.S.EPA1998)andriskbasedbenchmark EmissionsReductionMarketingSystem(_ERMS_) The_ERMS_ԀProgramisintendedtoreduce_VOM_Ԁtoachievethe1hourozoneNationalAmbient @ AirQualityStandardsinnortheasternIllinois.TheIllinoisPollutionControlBoard(_IPCB_)hasadoptedthe_ERMS_ԀRule,Title35,Part205.Theprogrambeginsoperationin2000.Akeyfeatureofthe_ERMS_,ascomparedtootheremissioncontrolprograms,istheozoneseason.Sincethefocusofthe_ERMS_Ԁisambientozoneairquality,itaddressesthetimeperiod,May1throughSeptember30ofeachyear,inwhichexcursionsoftheozoneAirQualityStandardnowoccur._VOM_ԀemissionallowanceswillbeassignedtomajorsourcesintheChicagononattainmentareawithactual_VOM_Ԁemissionsofatleast10tonsperyear.Facilitiesparticipatingintheprogramareabletobuyandselltheallowances.Althoughtheprogramfocuseson_VOM_reductions,thestatealsointendstoevaluatereductionsintoxicairpollutantemissionsasaresultoftheprogram. TreatmentofMobileSources TheStateofIllinoishasseveralareas,listedinTable1,whichparticipateinthefederal p&!$ reformulatedgasolineprogram.ThecountiesareallintheChicagoozonenonattainmentarea.  P(#&   Table1.IllinoisAreasWhichAreSubjecttotheFederalReformulatedGasolineProgramX XX@X   z*e45 d d7dd"7")(#(#e,/ dd", dd"+    RequiredAreas  4 OptInAreas  4 CookCounty "h  "None /%h 11 /DuPageCounty " < " !   !KaneCounty "p   " !  \  !LakeCounty " D  " !    !_McHenry_ԀCounty "x  " ! d  !WillCounty "L  " !   !_Grundy_ԀCounty(partialcoverage) "  " ! l  !KendallCounty(partialcoverage) "T "   TheAlternativeFuelsprogram(35IAC275)alsoappliesintheChicagoarea.ItisaStateruleandisnotpartoftheSIP.Theruleallowsindividualsconvertinganexistingvehicletocleanfuels,purchasingacleanfuelvehicle,orbuyingdomesticrenewablefueltoreceiverebates.Cleanfuelsincludeanyfuelcontaining85percentmethanol,ethanol,oralcohol;andreformulatedgasoline,diesel,ornaturalgas.Theuseofelectricityasapowersourcealsoqualifiesasacleanfuel.Theprogramisexpectedtobeimplementedinthefuture,butrebateapplicationshavealreadybeenreceived.   EmissionsData Allpermittedmajorandareasources,approximately8,200,arerequiredtosubmitannual  statementsoftheemissionsofallregulatedairpollutants,includingall34potential112(k)_HAPs_.Thesesourcesmustalsoannuallyreportratesofemissionforthepollutantssubjecttothe_ITAC_Ԁregulation(Rule232).IllinoisalsocollectsdataonHAPemissionsfromTitleVpermitapplications.Inaddition,Illinoisparticipatesintworegionaleffortstodevelopairtoxicemissioninventories.ThefirstistheSouthwestLakeMichiganUrbanAreasAir_Toxics_ԀPilotStudy,whichresultedinaninventoryofsmallpointandareasourcesoftoxicaircontaminantsfromthecombined12countyareasofChicago,Gary,andMilwaukee.TheinventoryforthepilotstudywascompletedusingtheRegionalAirPollutantDevelopmentSystem(RAPIDS),whichcalculatesairtoxicemissionsfromcriteriapollutantemissions.Initially,49toxicpollutantsweretargeted,aswellasseven;additionalnontoxiccompounds.Thelistofcompoundshasnowbeenexpandedtoall188HazardousAirPollutants(_HAPs_). +&& TheSouthwestLakeMichiganUrbanAreasAir_Toxics_ԀPilotStudywasconductedaspartofthedevelopmentoftheGreatLakesRegionalAir_Toxics_ԀEmissionInventory,adatabaseoftoxicpollutantemissionsforalltheGreatLakesstates.Point,area,andmobilesourceinventoriesoftoxicairpollutantshavebeencompletedforIllinois.TheregionaldatabasewillbeusedtoassisttheeffortbyEPAandtheGreatLakesstatestodefineandregulatesources,evaluatecontroltechnologies,andestablishguidelinesforthesitingofnewfacilities. PollutionPrevention Thestate'sToxicPollutionPreventionActof1989createdapollutionpreventionprogramin 0  Illinois.Theprogram'sgoalsaretostimulatepollutionpreventioninindustryandtoestablishpollutionpreventionasthepreferredmeansofachievingcompliancewithenvironmentallaws.TheIllinoisPollutionPreventionActof1992requirestheIllinoisEnvironmentalProtectionAgencytoreportannuallyonprogressinpollutionprevention.Facilitiesthatsubmittoxicpollutionpreventioninnovationplansreceivepreferredtreatmentinpermittingorenvironmentallawcompliance.Thisincentivemaymotivateareasourcestoreduceemissionsofthepotential112(k)_HAPs_.TheStatealsoexpectstoaddapollutionpreventioncomponenttothe_ITAC_Ԁregulation.Pollutionprevention,includingsubstitutionofunlistedchemicalsforchemicalsonthelistofToxicAirContaminants,probablywillbeanallowablealternativetoanycontroltechnologyrequirementspromulgatedunderRule232. #@X XXX #X XX@X   ` J XX LOUISIANASAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM#X X J##@X XXX {#XXX@X  k!XX   !! k !!  !!  !!  !!  !!  !!  !!     #X@rX! t##@X XXX@rU#X XX@X  ݌̌XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX  #@X XXX #X XX@X Legislation#@X XXX #XXX@X   #@X XXX#X XX@X  TheLouisiana_DEQ_ԀregulatesemissionsoftoxicairpollutantsundertheauthorityofLouisiana  statuteR.S.30:2060.ThislawwasoriginallyenactedasAct184of1989,inresponsetopublicconcernoverthehighlevelsoftoxicairreleasesreportedfor1987,publishedforthefirsttimein1989underthenational_Toxics_ԀReleaseInventory.TheLouisianalegislaturewonnationalrecognitionforthisprogressiveact.Thelegislationiscomprehensiveinscope,mandatingregulationofbothmajorandminorsources.Thelawestablishedagoaltoreduceair_toxics_Ԁby50%from1987levelsbyDecember1996.Todate,facilitiesintheAir_Toxics_ԀProgramhavereducedtheirtoxicairpollutantemissionsbyover60%.Thelawprovidedabroaddefinitionof"toxicairpollutant,"atR.S.30:2053:"...anyairpollutantwhich,basedonscientificallyaccepteddata,...canreasonablybeanticipatedtocause...adverseeffectsinhumans...".Thelawrequired_DEQ_Ԁtodevelopandpublishalistofsuchpollutantsandtodevelopambientairconcentrationsand/ortechnicalcontrolstandardsforthosepollutants.Itfurthermandatedthat_DEQ_Ԁrequirefacilitiestoprovideairtoxicemissionsinventoriesandimmediatenotificationofanyunauthorizedtoxicdischarge.Revisionstothelawwereenactedin1991,atatimewhenregulationsproposedby_DEQ_Ԁwereunderpubliccomment.Thestatutoryrevisionsestablishedseparate_timelines_Ԁfortheregulationofmajorandminorsources,providedforasmallbusinessassistanceprogram,andcitedmaximumachievablecontroltechnologyasthestandardwhich"shallbedefinedandrequiredinregulationsadoptedpursuanttothis#@X XXX )#X XX@X Section."   RegulationMajorSources#@X XXX &#XXX@X  x XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r&#X XX@X &  _DEQ_ԀadoptedregulationsgoverningmajorsourcesoftoxicairpollutantsinDecember1991,at h LAC33:III.Chapter51,_Subchapter_ԀA.Regulatedsourcesincludeexisting,newandmodifiedstationarysourceswhichemitorhavethepotentialtoemittenormoretonsperyearofanysingletoxicairpollutantortwentyfiveormoretonsperyearofanycombinationoflistedtoxicairpollutants.Chapter51listsregulatedtoxicairpollutantsbyClassdesignation:ClassIincludesknownandprobablehumancarcinogens;ClassIIincludessuspectedhumancarcinogensandknownorsuspectedhumanreproductivetoxins;ClassIIIincludesacuteandchronicnoncarcinogenictoxins.&(݌̌X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXX   XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r'#X XX@X +  _DEQ_ԀinitiallylistedapproximatelyonehundredtoxicairpollutantsintheDecember1991 "(  _rulemaking_,inaccordancewithLouisianalawwhichspecifiedthattheinitiallistbelimitedtoonehundred_toxics_.In1992,_DEQ_Ԁpromulgatedasupplementallistofapproximatelyonehundredadditionaltoxicairpollutants.ThesupplementallistincludesallfederallylistedhazardousairpollutantsnotinitiallyincludedontheLouisianalist.Controltechnologyandambientairstandardcomplianceisnotcurrentlyrequiredforthesupplementallistof_toxics_,whichrepresentapproximately1%ofthetotalairtoxicemissionsreported.+7-݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX   #@X XXX-#X XX@X TheLouisianaAir_Toxics_ԀProgramrequiresthatallmajorsourcesapplyMaximumAchievable X*%( ControlTechnology(_MACT_)foremissionsofClassIandIItoxicairpollutantswhichthesourceemitsorispermittedtoemitaboveminimumemissionrates.Inaddition,theprogramrequires 8,'* compliancewithhealthbasedAmbientAirStandardsforClassI,II,andIIIpollutantswhichthesourceemitsorispermittedtoemitabovetheminimumemissionrate.Regulatedsourceswererequiredtosubmitto_DEQ_ԀbyDecember1992eitherplansforachieving_MACT_ԀandAmbientAirStandards,orcertificationsdocumentingcompliancewith_MACT_ԀandAmbientAirStandards.Withtheexceptionofpapermills,whichweregrantedacomplianceextensionthrougharulerevision,therulerequiredallmajorsourcestobeincompliancewith_MACT_ԀandAmbientAirStandardsbyDecember20,1996._LDEQ_Ԁhasreceivedover265plansfrommajorsources.Theseincludecomplianceplans,certificationsofcompliance,andplanmodifications.Apubliccommentperiodisrequiredpriortoapprovalofanycomplianceplan.Inadditiontocomplyingwith_MACT_Ԁrequirements,over250facilitiesmustreportannualemissiontotalsofair_toxics_Ԁto_LDEQ_. RegulationMinorSources#@X XXX 1#XXX@X  @  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rX8#X XX@X 8  Smallerindustries,or"minorsources,"arealsoregulatedundertheAir_Toxics_ԀProgram.For 0  minorsources,_LDEQ_ԀimplementedaprogramconsistentwiththefederalAreaSourceProgramunderTitleIIIoftheCleanAirActAmendments.ThestatepromulgatedaruleinApril1994requiringemissionsreportingfromthoseareasourcecategorieslistedforregulationbyEPA.TheinitialemissionsreportsweresubmittedinOctober1994.TheAir_Toxics_ԀSectionandtheSmallBusinessAssistanceProgramworktogethertoprovideoutreachtoaffectedsources.89݌̌XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r9#=  X XX@X =>݌̌XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX  #@X XXX?#X XX@X XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rn@#X XX@X @  LouisianaToxicEmissionsDataInventory#@X XXX A#X@rXX@X @A݌ p ЌX XXX@rX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rOB#X XX@X C  Chapter51alsoestablishedemissionsreportingrequirementsforallmajorsourcesoftoxicair ` pollutants,separatefromthefederalrequirementstoreportairreleasestotheToxicReleaseInventory.RegulatedsourcesarerequiredtosubmitannualreportsofactualemissionsforeachlistedtoxicairpollutanteachJuly1forthepreviouscalendaryear.ThosereportsarecompiledintheLouisianaToxicEmissionsDataInventory(_TEDI_)._TEDI_Ԁreportshavebeenreceivedforcalendaryears1991through1998. CD݌ ` ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX    #@X XXX D#X XX@X CorrelationWithFederalTitleIIIProgram#@X XXX H#XXX@X  @ XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r8I#X XX@X lI  TheLouisianaAir_Toxics_ԀProgramwasdesignedtoavoidconflictswiththeCleanAirAct 0 Amendments.ThefederalHouseandSenatebillsasavailablein1989and1990wereusedasresourcesinthedevelopmentoftheLouisianaregulations.Somecriticalpointsofconsistencyinclude:_MACT_Ԁasthecontroltechnologystandard;_MACT_Ԁdefinitionwhichtracksthefederallaw;Majorsource/minorsourcedefinitionswhichtrackthefederallaw;and,Healthriskdeterminationstobackupcontroltechnology.TheLouisianaprogramsurpassesthefederalprogrambyrequiringthat_MACT_Ԁbeinplaceformajorsourcesby1996,andbylistingpollutantsofparticularconcerninLouisianawhicharenotfederalhazardousairpollutants(seefollowinglist).TheLouisianaprogramalsorequiresthatAmbientAirStandardsbemetatthetime_MACT_isimplemented,whilethefederalprogramwillreviewresidualriskeightyearsafter_MACT_Ԁisimplemented.Ontheotherhand,theLouisianaprogramdoesnotrequire_MACT_ԀforClassIII(acute)toxins,whilethefederalprogramwillrequire_MACT_Ԁforsuchpollutants.lIJ݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX   #@X XXXJ#X XX@X    +p&) TapsNotOntheHAPList#@X XXX Q#XXX@X    #@X XXXQ#X XX@X Thefollowinglistofchemicalsaretoxicairpollutants(_TAPs_)whichareregulatedbythe  Louisiana_DEQ_,butwhicharenotregulatedunderthefederalCleanAirAct,TitleIII,Section112(b)HazardousAirPollutants(_HAPs_).Louisiana'sstateair_toxics_Ԁregulationismorestringentthanthefederalregulations,asitalsosetsanambientairstandardforeachofthelistedtoxicairpollutants(_TAPs_).ThestatelistmaybefoundintheLouisianaAdministrativeCodeLAC33:III.Chapter51,Tables51.151.3XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rVR#X XX@X 4U  4UV݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rjV#X XX@X W  Listof_TAPs_ԀNotontheFederalHAPListWY݌ 0  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rX#X XX@X Z  _CAS_ԀNumber `  ChemicalName Z \݌  p  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r[#X XX@X ]  7664417 `    Ammonia]_݌ `  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r^#X XX@X `  7440393 `    Barium(andcompounds)`a݌ P  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@ra#X XX@X mc  71363 `    NButylAlcoholmcd݌ @  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rd#X XX@X Lf  10049044 `    Chlorinedioxide(chlorineperoxide)Lfg݌ 0  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rg#X XX@X Ci  7440508 `    Copper(andcompounds)Cij݌   ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@ryj#X XX@X +l  25376458 `    _Diaminotoluene_+lm݌  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@ram#X XX@X ,o  606202 `    2,6_Dinitrotoluene_,op݌  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rbp#X XX@X /r  7783064 `    Hydrogensulfide/rs݌  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@res#X XX@X u  7697372 `    Nitricacidufv݌  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@rGv#X XX@X w  110861 `    PyridinewCy݌  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r$y#X XX@X z  7664939 `    Sulfuricacidz|݌ p ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r{#X XX@X }  91087 `    Toluene2,6_Diisocyanate_}~݌ ` ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX@rXXX  #@X XXX@r~#X XX@X   7440666 `    Zinc(andcompounds)#@X XXX #X@rXX@X ݌ P ЌX XXX@rX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX    @ J XX MAINESAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM   #X X J#In1983Mainewasgivenauthoritytocollectanmaintainanemissionsinventoryofhazardous 0 airpollutants.Thisinventorydatawascollectedin1984andcompiledalongwithhealthinformationfromtheBureauofHealthintoadocumententitled"HAZARDOUSAIRPOLLUTANTSINMAINEEmissionsInventoryandRankingSystem".Usingtheinformationfromthatreport,theinventoryhasbeenmaintainedwithperiodicquestionnaires.Datawascollectedfor1988,1990,1993,1996,and1998.ThelastthreeinventorieswerestructuredtofulfilltheChapter137requirements.Eachyear'ssurveycoversapproximately600facilities,andisgovernedbyalistofpollutantandassociatedthresholdsreferredtoas"AppendixA".AppendixAcoversroughly215pollutants,includingallofthe_CAAA_Ԁlist(112(b)),pollutantsfromtheTRIlistthatwehaveseenreportedinMaine(since1988),andotherpollutantsasidentifiedinthe1985reportmentionedearlier.Thethresholdsareforthemostpart2000pounds,butin18instancesthethresholdis200pounds,for_Hexavalent_Ԁchromiumitis10pounds,andfor_TCDD_Ԁitis0.001pounds.Mainealsohasa_drycleaner_Ԁregulation(Chapter125).Inthisregulation,_drycleaners_Ԁarerequiredtosubmitinventoryinformationtousonanannualbasis.In1983theDepartmentwasalsogiventheauthoritytodevelophealthbasedstandardsandguidelinesfor_HAPs_Ԁthatwerefoundtobeofconcern.Standardsweredevelopedfortolueneand_perchloroethylene_,alongwithguidelinesforabout70otherpollutants.RegulationsimplementingthishealthbasedprogramwereremovedwhenMaineadoptedregulationstoimplementTitleV.   J XX MASSACHUSETTSAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM#X X J#  Contacts:0 ` DonaldSquires` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#MassachusettsDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#OneWinterStreet,9thFloor` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#Boston,MA02108 ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#4lth` ^O  5  Donald.Squires@state.ma.us6,^O@~  7fnx ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#_Jen_Ԁ_DUrso_ ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#MassachusettsDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#OneWinterStreet,8thFloor8 ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#Boston,MA02108 ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#4m` ^O  5  Jen.DUrso@state.ma.us6Đ^Oؐ  7"h ` (#` (# Theprimaryobjectiveof_DEP_sair_toxics_Ԁprogramistocontrol,tothemaximumextentpossible,emissionsof_toxics_ԀintotheatmosphereoftheCommonwealthwhichmaycauseorcontributetoanincreaseinmortalityorseriousillness,orwhichmayotherwiseposeapresentorpotentialhazardtopublichealth,welfare,ortheenvironment._DEP_sair_toxics_Ԁprogramhasevolvedtoexpanduponandmeshwithexistingairpollutioncontrolprogramswhileallowingforinnovationthroughnewinitiatives._DEP_Ԁbelievesthatdifferentsourcetypes(major,mobile,andarea)mustbeaddressedwhendealingwithair_toxics_,andwillcontinuetoseekadditionalresourcestocontinuetointegrateair_toxics_Ԁandcriteriapollutantcontrolprograms.Thedifferentfacetsof_DEP_sair_toxics_Ԁprogramarediscussedbelow.  x MajorSources Majorstationarysourcesof_toxics_ԀinMassachusettsaresubjecttoNationalEmissionsStandards H forHazardousAirPollutants(_NESHAP_)pursuanttoTitleIIIoftheCleanAirAct.Severalofthesestandardshavebeenadopted,andothersarescheduledtobeadoptedandphasedinoverthenextseveralyears.Withsome,likethemunicipalwaste_combustor_Ԁrule,Massachusettshasgonesignificantlyfurtherthanthefederalstandardinreducing_toxics_Ԁemissions(i.e.,mercury).Inadditiontothe_NESHAP_Ԁprogram,_DEP_sair_toxics_Ԁprogramevaluatesselectedcategoriesofnewormodifiedstationarysourcesfor_toxics_Ԁemissions._DEP_Ԁrequiresthesesourcesofaircontaminantstodemonstrate,throughtheapplicationofBestAvailableControlTechnology(_BACT_),andassess,throughcomputermodeling,theambientairconcentrationscausedbythatsourcesemissions,sometimesinaggregatewithotherproximatesourcesinthatsourcecategory.Thesemodelingresultsarecomparedto_DEP_shealthbasedair_toxics_Ԁguidelines(AllowableAmbientLimitsor_AALs_)._AALs_Ԁarebasedonpotentialknownorsuspectedcarcinogenicandtoxichealthpropertiesofindividualcompounds.Safetyfactorsareincorporatedintothe_AALs_Ԁtoaccountforexposuresfrompathwaysotherthanair._AALs_Ԁarereviewedandupdatedperiodicallytoreflectcurrenttoxicityinformation.Thisanalysisisnotlimitedtoaspecificlist of_toxics_.Which_toxics_Ԁtomodelisdeterminedonacasebycasebasis.Generally,analysisis H+&) doneforaircontaminantsforwhich_DEP_ԀhasanAAL,areemittedbythesource,andmaybeinjurioustohumanhealthorwelfare. Thefollowingfacilitiesmustassesstheircontribution(s)toair_toxics_Ԁwhenapplyingforaplanapproval:̀ /3   /3ן2\3  0    SourceswhichrequireaPreventionofSignificantDeteriorationpermit/3ן݌P (#(# Ќ   /3   /3Ѡ2\3  0    Electricgeneratingfacilities/3Ѡ݌@ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Municipalwaste_combustors_/3Ρ݌0 (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Medicalwasteincinerators/3݌ p (#(# Ќ   /3   /3_2\3  0    Sewagesludgeincinerators/3_݌` (#(# Ќ   /3   /3-2\3  0    Majorremedialactions/3-X݌P (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Hazardouswasteincineration/3"݌@ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3ǥ2\3  0    Pathologicalincinerators/3ǥ݌0 (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Wastewatertreatmentfacilities/3݌ (#(# Ќ  AreaSources   _DEP_sEnvironmentalResultsProgram(_ERP_)isaregulatorycompliancesystemthatreplacescasebycaseconventionalpermitswithindustrywideenvironmentalperformancestandardsandanannualselfcertification._ERP_Ԁcurrentlyappliestothreesmallbusinesssectors:drycleaning,photoprocessing,andprinting.Twoadditionalsector_rollouts_Ԁunderwayare:companiesdischargingindustrialwastewaterandcompaniesinstallingormodifyingboilers._ERP_Ԁisaneffectivewayorareasourcestocomplywithenvironmentalstandardsandreduce_toxics_emissions.Complianceassistancetoolsareprovidedintheformofworkshopsandeasytounderstandworkbooksoutliningafirm'senvironmentalobligations._ERP_ԀalsoensuresimplementationofPollutionPreventionactivitiesbyincorporatingthoseprinciplesintothestandardsandtheworkbooks._DEP_ԀhasalsopassedseveralregulationsthatapplytoVolatileOrganicCompounds(VOC)areasourceemissionsfromreformulatedconsumer,traffic,industrial,andcommercialproducts,bulkstorageplants,gasstations,andarchitecturalcoatings.Althoughtheseregulationsdonotregulate_toxics_Ԁspecifically,theyrequireVOCemissioncontrols,whichincludesmanytoxiccompounds. MobileSources  $" Massachusettshasseveralprogramsinplacetocontrolemissionsfrommobilesources. In1995, % # theintroductionofreformulatedgasolineresultedinagreaterthan15%reductioninairtoxicemissionsfromconventionalgasoline.Thisyear,gasolinewasagainreformulatedtoreduceairtoxicemissionsby22%fromconventionalgasoline.In1999,MassachusettsenhanceditsEmissionsandSafetyprogram.Theprogramnowusesadynamometertosimulatedrivingconditionsandtomoreaccuratelymeasureemissionsandidentifypollutingvehicles.Theprogramalsoemploysanauditingandqualitycontrolsystem, ,`'* andrequiresemissiontestingofdieselcars,trucks,andbuses.Bytestingvehiclesthathaveneverbeentestedandbyrepairingorremovingthemostpollutingvehiclesfromtheroad,Massachusettswillseeasignificantreductioninair_toxics_Ԁemissionsfrommobilesources. MonitoringData p  _DEP_Ԁisenhancingitsabilitytocharacterizetheambientconcentrationsofair_toxics_,toassessthe `  effectsofair_toxics_ԀemissionswithintheCommonwealth,andtodeterminetheeffectsofstationary,area,andmobilesource_toxics_Ԁemissions.Aspartofthe_PAMS_Ԁprogram,_DEP_Ԁhasbeguncollectingandanalyzingcanistersforalimitednumberofair_toxics_Ԁyearround.During1999,twolocationsintheBostonareabeganmonitoringforhydrocarbonair_toxics_. EmissionInventory P   _DEP_Ԁisidentifyingchallengesandopportunitiesfordevelopinga_toxics_Ԁemissioninventory,and @  expectstoimplementthisprojectoverthenextseveralyears,intandemwithcriteriapollutantinventorydevelopment.    PollutionPrevention TheMassachusetts_Toxics_ԀUseReductionActwassignedintolawinJuly1989.Itsgoalisto  promoteinplantchangesinproductionprocessesorrawmaterialsthatreduce,avoid,oreliminatetheuseoftoxicorhazardoussubstancesorgenerationofhazardousbyproductsperunitofproduct.Thisreducestherisksposedtoworkers,consumers,andtheenvironment.Theact:  p   /3   /3ط2\3  0    Establishedastatewidegoalofreducingtoxicwastegeneratedby50%bytheyear1997/3ط݌P(#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Established_toxics_Ԁusereductionasthepreferredmeansforachievingcompliancewith @ anyfederalorstatelaworregulation/3݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3?2\3  0    Sustains,safeguardsandpromotesthecompetitiveadvantageofMassachusetts  p businesses,largeandsmall,whileadvancinginnovationin_toxics_Ԁusereductionandmanagement/3?j݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3ʻ2\3  0    Promotesreductionsintheproductionanduseoftoxicandhazardoussubstancesinthe @ Commonwealth/3ʻ݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Enhancesandstrengthenstheenforcementofexistingenvironmentallawsandregulations/3݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    PromotescoordinationandcooperationbetweenMassachusettssagenciesadministering ! _toxics_Ԅrelatedprograms/3#݌ (#(# Ќ  TheCommonwealthismandatedtoassistindustryinseeking_toxics_Ԁusereductionopportunitiesandtootherwisecreatearegulatoryenvironmentthatissupportiveof_toxics_Ԁusereductioninvestments.The_TURA_Ԁprogramhasbeeneffectiveinreducingemissionsof_toxics_;between1990and1998,participatingMassachusettsmanufacturershavedecreasedtheirtotalchemicaluseby33%,theirbyproductgenerationby48%,andtheirtoxicreleasestotheenvironmentby83%.  @)$'   0*%( MercuryActivities TheNewEnglandGovernorsandtheEasternCanadianPremiershavecommittedtoaregional  MercuryActionPlantomeettheregionalobjectiveofeliminatingreleasesofmanmademercuryintotheenvironment,withaninterimgoalofreducingthoseemissionsby50%by2003.TheplanusesamultidisciplinaryapproachtoreducemercuryreleasesintheNortheastandCanada,andcommitsto: /3   /3x2\3  0    Establishingstrictmercuryemissionslimitsatlargemunicipalwaste_combustors_Ԁand @  largemedicalwasteincinerators/3x݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Emphasizingmercurysourcereductionmethods,suchasreducingoreliminatingthe  p  unnecessaryuseofmercuryinconsumerandmedicalproducts/3݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Emphasizingoutreachandpubliceducationonthehazardsofmercuryandpotential P  replacementproducts/3E݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3@2\3  0    Establishingprogramstofosterpropermanagementandrecyclingofmercurycontaining 0  wastessuchasfluorescentlamps,batteries,thermometers,andthermostats./3@k݌ (#(# Ќ    J XX MINNESOTASAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM p #X X J#          LegislativeCitation:0   MinnesotaStatutesChapter116  (# (# #@X XXX #X XX@X RegulatoryCitation:0  Minnesotacurrentlyhasnostaterulesorstatutesspecifically  directedtoreducingairtoxicconcentrationsinoutdoorair.  (#(# ProgramGoal:0 0 (# (# _MPCA_sFiveYearStrategicPlan:Reduceexposuretotoxicair h  pollutants._EnPPA_Ԁ_Subgoal_:Toprotecthumanhealthfromtheeffectsofair_toxics_ (#(#  Contact:0 ` 0 ` (#` (#  MaryJean_Fenske_(x  (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#  PolicyandPlanningDivision  (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#  MinnesotaPollutionControlAgency  (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#  520LafayetteRd.N.  (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#  St.Paul,MN55155  (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#  6512975472  (# (#  General   Overthepastyear,the_MPCA_ԀhasreviewedinformationdevelopedbyEPAsCumulativeExposureProjectaswellasmonitoringandmodelingconductedbythe_MPCA_.Astaffpaperhasbeenreleasedthatidentifiestenair_toxics_Ԁwithpredictedormeasuredlevelsabovehealthbenchmarks:formaldehyde,benzene,carbontetrachloride,chloroform,ethylene_dibromide_,1,3butadiene,_acrolein_,arsenic,nickel,andchromium.Muchoftheexcesscancerriskfoundinthisstudystemsfromexposureto_toxics_Ԁfrommobilesources.Thisworkisviewableat4n_^O  5  http://www.pca.state.mn.us/air/airtoxics.html6W^Ok   7.Althoughmuchworkremainstobedoneto H improveourknowledgeoftheriskreallyposedbythesepollutants,reductionofriskdueto 8 mobilesourcesiskeytomeetingthe_MPCA_slongtermgoalofreducingexposuretoair_toxics_. (x Initialreductioneffortswillbefocusedondisseminationofthemonitoringandestimatedriskinformation,gatheringinformationonreductionoptions,andconsultationwithcitizensandinterestgroups. TreatmentofAreaandMajorSources  "(  PriortothisyearthegoalsofMinnesotasair_toxics_Ԁstrategywerethreefold:1)Smooth,fairimplementationofCleanAirActof1990,2)Protectionofhealthandtheenvironmentthroughriskreviewofhighprioritypointsources,and3)Collectionofinformationontheemissionsandambientconcentrationsoftoxicpollutants.Baseduponinformationdevelopedthroughtheinformationcollectioneffort, reducingexposuretotoxicairpollutantswasestablishedasalongtermstrategicgoal.AreaandMajorsourcesarecurrentlyaddressedthroughimplementationofthefederal_NESHAP_regulations,andthroughriskassessmentofhighprioritypointsources.Minnesota,atfirst,attemptedtoreview_NESHAP_Ԁpromulgationstoassurethatneighborhoodriskswereacceptable. 8,'* AftercompletingahealthbasedreviewoftheNESHAPforperchloroethylenedrycleaningfacilities,wequicklyfoundthatwedidnothavetheresourcestodothisforasignificantnumberofNESHAPstandards.Insteadoureffortstodayarefocusedonimplementationofthefederalstandardsthroughoutreach,education,andtracking.TheMPCAsmallbusinessprogramhasundertakenseveralsectorinitiativestoinformandconsultwithsourcesaffectedbyNESHAP.Severalsectorsaddressedrecentlyincludewoodfurnituremanufactures,drycleaners,andfiberglassresinusers.Majornewairsources(typicallylessthan5facilitiesayear)thatmustundergoenvironmentalreviewinMinnesotaarealsorequiredtoassesstheriskthattheyposetoneighboringcommunities.Inalimitednumberofcases,wherethereislocaloragencyconcern,othersmallerorexistingfacilitieshavebeenreviewed.AnAirToxicsReviewGuidewasdevelopedthisyeartohelpfacilitatethisprocess.TheGuideismoreofanarrativethanacookbookapproach.ConcernsexistovertheresourcesthatthesereviewsusewithintheMPCAandataffectedsources.Neitherstaterulesnorstatuteshavebeendevelopedforaprogramtojudgesourceacceptabilitythroughourpermittingprocess.TheMinnesotaDepartmentofHealthwillshortlystarttheprocesstoadoptrulesthatwillestablishHealthRiskValuesforairtoxics.Thisrulewillestablishhealthbenchmarkconcentrationsfor43airtoxicswithchronichealtheffects,21airtoxicswithsubchronichealtheffects,42airtoxicswithacutehealtheffectsand9persistentmultimediachemicals.TheHRVswillbeusedinperformingsitespecificriskassessmentsandmaybeusedinothervenues.TheruleitselfwillnotdictatehowtheHRVswillbeused. TreatmentofMobileSources  P TheMPCAhasoperatedacentralizedInspection!MaintenanceprogramintheTwinCitiessince1992.Theprogramwasadoptedtoreducecarbonmonoxidelevelsbutalsotestsforhydrocarbonemissions.Theprogramdidnotdirectlyaddressairtoxicemissions.CarbonmonoxidelevelshavedroppedintheTwinCities,andtheareahasbeenredesignatedtoattainment.TheInspectionMaintenanceprogramendedinDecember1999.AMobileSourceReductionStrategiesTeamformedinfallof1999thatwillinvestigateoptionstoreducetoxicemissionsfrommobilesourcesaswellasreduceemissionsofotherpollutantssuchasozoneprecursorsandcarbondioxide.Theteamisexploringmeasurestoaddressenvironmentalimpacts(includingairtoxics)fromtransportationandotherareawideandmobilesources.Theseeffortswillincludeoutreachwithpartners,stakeholders,andthegeneralpublictoraisegeneralawarenessofthesituationtoexaminetransportationandairqualityandofferpolicyrecommendationstotheAgencyandLegislatureinJanuary,2001. EmissionsData P(#&  Minnesotarequiresthatcertainpermitapplicantsquantifytoxicairpollutantemissions. @)$' Minnesotadoesnothaveaspecificrequirementforperiodicsubmissionoftoxicairpollutantemissiondatabutdoeshavebroadstatutoryauthoritytorequiresourcestosubmitsuchinformationwhen_asked. ,`'* ЇMinnesotahasparticipatedalongwiththeothersevenGreatLakesstatesandOntarioProvinceindevelopmentoftheGreatLakesRegionalAir_Toxics_ԀEmissionInventory.InAugust1998,thefirstregionalpilotinventorywasreleasedfor49_toxics_.Thisinventorywasbasedon1993dataandcanbeaccessedatMwXX wwwwwwwwwwwwww      X Xwhttp://www.glc.org/projects/air/final93/93report.htmlMndf    X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   .Thesecond  inventoryuses1996dataandhasbeenexpandedtoinclude82toxicairpollutants.Thisinventory,includingemissionsfrompoint,areaandmobilesources,isaccessibleat46s,^O  5  MwXX wwwwwwwwwwwwww      #ww#X Xwhttp://www.glc.org/air/1996/1996.htmlMndf    X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   6^Oshh  7s,.TheRegionalEmissionInventorywillbeupdated P  annually.MinnesotahasalsoprovideddatatotheNational_Toxics_ԀEmissionInventorywhichrequiresaninventoryonlyeverythreeyears.Also,arequiredlegislativereportcontainsinventoryinformationonabiannualbasis.The1996Minnesotaair_toxics_Ԁemissioninventoryincludes109chemicals:16_polycyclic_aromatichydrocarbons,80nonmetalcompounds(excluding_PAHs_),and13metals.Thesepollutantswereselectedbasedontwocriteria:1)the1996GreatLakesInventoryand2)theUrbanAir_Toxics_ԀStudy,astudyfundedbyEPAtoexamineexposurelevelsunderrealisticlifestylepatternsintheTwinCities.EightytwoofthepollutantsareGreatLakesInventorypollutants.The1996inventoryincludesestimatesforpoint,area,andmobilesources.Pointsourceestimateswereobtainedbyusingdirectreportingvalues,emissionfactorcalculations,andToxicReleaseInventorydata.Theeffortsarefocusedonthedevelopmentofsourcespecificemissionfactorsforselectedindustrialsectors,suchasmetalmining/ironoreandelectricalservices/coalburningfacilities.Resultsanddetailedanalysesofthe1996Minnesotaair_toxics_emissioninventoryareavailablefrom47^O  5  MwXX wwwwwwwwwwwwww      #ww#X Xwhttp://www.pca.state.mn.us/air/toxics.html#1996Mdry    X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   6P^Odshh  7re.The @ inventoryforcalendaryear1999willincludeall_HAPs_ԀandthepollutantssignificanttotheGreatLakes. MonitoringData P  Infall1999,Minnesotabeganthefourthyearofafiveyearassessmentoftoxicpollutant @ concentrationsinbothsmallandlargecitiesthroughoutthestate.Over18sitesarecurrentlybeingmonitoredthroughoutthestate.SeveralsitesintheTwinCitiesareaandDulutharemonitoredcontinuouslywhilesevensitesarerotatedtonewlocationseachyear.Samplingisconductedfor35_VOCs_,7carbonylcompounds,and37particulatemetalsandothercompounds.Theobjectivesofthemonitoringstudyweretocharacterizeandcompareconcentrationsacrossthestate,providedataforascreeningriskassessment,andprovideabasisforfuturemonitoringefforts.Datafromthe_MPCA_Ԁ_toxics_ԀnetworkhavebeenusedrecentlytocomparewithconcentrationestimatesfromEPAsCumulativeExposureStudyand_MPCA_Ԁgeneratedconcentrationestimates.Foralmosttwothirdsoftheair_toxics_Ԁwithbothmodeledandmonitoreddata,the_CEP_smodelunderestimatedcurrentconcentrations.FurtherinformationonMinnesotasresponsetothisinformationisaccessibleat4ot^O  5  http://www.pca.state.mn.us/air/airtoxics.html69^OMcons  7an {.#wXX =#X XwԀ  +p&)  ,`'*  PollutionPrevention   MinnesotaStatutes(115D)requiresthatsourcesthatmustsubmitTRIreports,mustalsodevelop  pollutionpreventionplansandmustsubmitprogressreportstothe_MPCA_.However,thestatutedoesnotrequirethattheplansthemselvesbesubmittedtothe_MPCA_.The_MPCA_ԀalsosupportsseveralpollutionpreventionassistanceeffortsthroughsmallbusinessassistanceprogramsandatechnicalassistanceofficeattheUniversityofMinnesota.MinnesotaStatutes(114C)provideforvarianceofstaterulesifasourceiswillingtogobeyondcompliance.Thisprovisionhasbeenlittleusedbecauseofcomplicationsinvaryingfederalregulations#@X XXX )#X XX@X  @    0   #wXX /#J wNEBRASKADEPARTMENTOFENVIRONMENTALQUALITY#w J0#X Xw    AirQualitySection   GeneralProgramActivities   TheobjectivesoftheAirQualityProgramaretoachieveandmaintainAmbientAirQualityStandards,toprotectairqualityinthoseareasofthestatethathaveaircleanerthanthestandards,andtoimplementAirQualityRulesandRegulations.Byfulfillingtheseobjectives,theDepartmentisconfidentthatpublichealthandtheenvironmentareadequatelyprotected.  TheAirQualitySectionconsistsofthreeunits:theEngineeringandPermittingUnit;theComplianceAssuranceUnit;andtheImplementationandMonitoringUnit.Seedescriptionsbelow.  ThreelocalagenciestheLincoln/LancasterCountyHealthDepartment,theOmahaPublicWorksDepartmentandtheDouglasCountyHealthDepartmenthaveacceptedthroughcontractwiththe_NDEQ_,responsibilityforvariousfacetsoftheprogram.Theseresponsibilitiesincludeairqualitymonitoring,planning,permittingandenforcementwithintheirareasofjurisdiction.ThedelegationcontracthasenabledtheLincoln/LancasterCountyHealthDepartmentandtheOmahaPublicWorksDepartmenttoaccept,throughagreementwiththeEPA,responsibilityfortheirownmajorsourceoperatingpermitprogram. EngineeringandPermittingUnit   TheEngineeringandPermittingUnitisresponsibleforthereviewofconstructionandoperatingpermitapplications.Thepermitprogramsensurethatthestateandnationalstandardsarebeingmet.Thisisaccomplishedthroughthereviewofconstructionandoperatingpermitapplications.RevisionstotheoperatingpermitregulationsinSeptemberwillrelieveaconsiderablenumberofsourcesfromthepermitrequirements.TheserevisionsshiftthefocusofthepermitprogramfromPotentialtoEmittoactualemissions.Ingeneral,ifsourcescandemonstratethattheiractualemissionsarebelowlevelsestablishedintheregulations,thentheywillnotberequiredtoobtainanoperatingpermit.Theresultwillbeasignificantreductioninthenumberofpermitsthatwillneedtobeissued,withnosubsequentdegradationofourairquality. ComplianceAssuranceUnit  "(  TheComplianceAssuranceUnitisresponsibleforconductingcomplianceinspectionsofairpollutionsources,respondingtocomplaintsfromthepublic,observingemissiontests,andinitiatingenforcementactionswhencomplianceproblemsareserious,chronic,orcannotbeotherwiseresolved.ComplianceSpecialistsandProgramSpecialistsroutinelyofferassistancetosourcestohelpthemcomplywithapplicableregulationsandavoidenforcementactions.Whileconductingregularinspections,manyothersourcesaresurveyed,whichoftenrevealsnormaloperatingconditionsandpotentialproblems.ComplianceSpecialistsandProgramSpecialistsarealsoimprovingtheirskillsinfindingcomplianceassistanceandpollutionpreventionopportunitieswhileinspectingsources.  8,'* AspromotedintheNebraskaEnvironmentalProtectionAct,theAirProgramstressesobtainingcompliancewithenvironmentalregulationsthroughvoluntaryefforts.ThisconcepthasbeenhelpfultoboththeDepartmentandtheregulatedcommunity.Assistingsourcesinachievingvoluntarycompliancehashelpedbringaboutabetterworkingrelationshipwiththeregulatedcommunitywithoutsacrificingenvironmentalgoals.Thistypeofrelationshipismoreproductivethantheregulatorycommandandcontrolapproachthathadtraditionallybeentheprimarymethodofobtainingcompliance. ImplementationandMonitoringUnit  0  TheImplementationandMonitoringUnitisresponsibleforthecompilationofemissioninventoriesandsubmissiontofederaldatabases,oversightofasbestosremovalanddisposal,operationofanambientairqualitynetworkandthedevelopment,adoptionandimplementationofnewregulations.Additionally,theunitpublishesabulletincalled_AirWaves_.Thisbulletin, @  providesuptodateinformationonairqualityissuestothepublicandregulatedcommunity.  AmbientairqualitymonitoringrevealsthatmostNebraskanscontinuetoenjoyveryhighqualityambientair.OnesmallareaindowntownOmahanearthe_Asarco_ԀleadrefinerydidnotmeettheapplicableNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard.Theareawaslistedasnonattainmentforlead.OnJuly1,1997,_Asarco_ԀshutdownoperationsinordertocomplywithanAdministrativeOrderissuedbytheDepartment.Sincethefacilityshutdown,ambientmonitoringhasshownadramaticreductioninleadlevels.TheDepartmentisconfidentthattheareawillsoonbe_redesignated_Ԁasattainmentwiththestandard.AsofMarch1998,areasinDakotaCountydonotmeetthestate'sambientairqualitystandardfortotalreducedsulfur.Effortsareongoingtobringtheareaintocompliancewiththestandard.   p #wXX ##@ww# w@w J  w NEWHAMPSHIRESAIR_TOXICS_ԀCONTROLPROGRAM # w  J# X X w   WhatistheAir_Toxics_ԀControlProgram?   OnMay08,1998,theNewHampshireDepartmentofEnvironmentalServicesadoptedalistofregulatedtoxicairpollutants(_RTAPs_)pursuanttotherevisedAir_Toxics_ԀControlProgramwhichwaspromulgatedwithaneffectivedateofMarch3,1997.Thisprogram,codifiedintheN.H.CodeofAdministrativeRules,SectionEnvA1400,willaimtoprotectpublichealthandtheenvironmentbyreducingtheemission(s)of750_RTAPs_Ԁlikelytobeusedbybusinessesinthestate.  NewHampshirebusinesseswhichemit#@X XX X #X XX@X Ԁanyofthelisted_RTAPs_Ԁintotheambientairmay X  besubjecttotherequirementsofthisrule#@X XXX W#X XX@X .#@X XXX *# X XX@X Ԁ#@X XX X m#X XX@X Ԁ#@X XXX # X XX@X EffectiveMay08,1998,athreeyearphaseinclock H   willbegincountingdownwithnew#@X XX X #X XX@X Ԁ(uponstartup)andexistingbusinesses(nowornolaterthan 8  May8,2001)requiredtodemonstratecompliancewithEnvA1400#@X XXX # X XX@X .#@X XX X r #X XX@X ԀAffectedbusinessesshould (x  maintainrecordsonsitetoconfirm,intheeventofaregulatorycomplianceinspection,thatacompliancedemonstrationhasbeencompletedforany_RTAPs_Ԁemitted. Whichtoxicairpollutantsareregulated?  8 Theprogramisaimedtoprotectpublichealthandtheenvironmentbyreducingtheemission(s)of750_RTAPs_.Unlike#@X XXX #X XX@X theformerair_toxics_Ԁcontrolprogram#@X XXX "# X XX@X Ԁ(EnvA1300),compliancewiththe  regulatoryambientairlimitsunderthisprogrammustbedemonstratedforalllisted_RTAPs_,notonlythosecompoundsclassifiedas highlytoxic.Thefinallistof_RTAPs_Ԁincludes:#@X XX X L##X XX@X Ԁthose  substancesorcompoundslistedasHazardousAirPollutants(_HAPs_)pursuanttoSection112(b)oftheCleanAirAct(42_U.S.C_Ԁ7412),asamended;those#@X XXX $#X XX@X Ԁchemicalsubstancesforwhicha  thresholdlimitvalue(_TLV_)hasbeenestablishedbytheAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienists (_ACGIH_)asofDecember31,1995,asamended;andcompounds#@X XXX %#X XX@X  h regulatedunderEnvA1300orbytheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)butnotrepresentedintheprevioustwocategories.#@X XXX a'# X XX@X  H  Whoissubjecttotheserequirements?  (x Industriessubjecttotherequirementsofthisregulationinclude:#@X XX X E(#X XX@X theownerofanynew,modified, h orexistingstationarysource,areasourceordevicewhichemitsa_RTAP_Ԁintotheambientair(EnvA1402.01#@X XXX )#X XX@X (a))#@X XXX !*#X XX@X .#@X XXX g*# X XX@X ԀWhereas,#@X XX X *#X XX@X Amobilesource;#@X XXX *#X XX@X Ԁanormalagriculturaloperation;t#@X XXX J+#X XX@X heapplication  H ofapesticideregulatedpursuantto_RSA_Ԁ430:48;t#@X XXX +#X XX@X hecombustionofcoal#@X XXX f,# X XX@X ,naturalgas,wood,or !8 virginpetroleumproducts;agasolinedispensingorstoragefacilityorcargotruckasregulatedpursuanttoEnvA1204orEnva1205;oranexemptactivityasclassifiedinEnva609.03(c)(1)through(7),and(10)through(20)wouldnotbesubjecttotherequirementsofthisrule(#@X XX X ,#X XX@X EnvA $ " 1402.01(b)(1)(6)).Theseexemptionsaimtoprevent_duplicative_ԀregulatoryrequirementsincertainindustrycategoriesalreadysubjecttootherFederalandStateairpollutioncontrolrequirements.#@X XXX F.# X XX@X ԀAtoxicairpollutantisregulatedbytheStateofNewHampshireifallofthe '"% followingcriteriaaremet:L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /3w02\3  0    Thechemicalsubstanceisemittedintotheambientairinanyamountandiscurrently H+&) beingusedorisproposedforuseinthestate./3w00݌8,'*(#(# Ќ   /3   /312\3  0    ThechemicalsubstanceislistedineithertheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtection  Agency(U.S.EPA)CodeofFederalRegulations,Title40,Part261,_Subparts_ԀCandD,and/orTable4ofU.S.EPAdocument#450/5-86-011a,NationalAir_Toxics_ԀInformationClearinghouse(_NATICH_)databasereportandsubsequentupdates./311݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3"42\3  0    AThresholdLimitValue(_TLV_)hasbeenestablishedforthechemicalsubstancebythe p AmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienists(_ACGIH_),theOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA),ortheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(_NIOSH_)./3"4M4݌ (#(# Ќ  Whenisapermitreviewandimpactanalysisrequired?   p  Apermitreviewandimpactanalysisisrequiredifeitherofthefollowingcriteriaareapplicable:L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /3\72\3  0    Anewormodifieddeviceorprocessisproposed,whichemitstotheambientair,any @  toxicairpollutantthatisregulatedunderEnv-AChapter1300,or/3\77݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /382\3  0    Anexistingdeviceorprocess,whichemitstotheambientair,atoxicairpollutantthatis   regulatedunderEnv-AChapter1300andisclassifiedasahightoxicityaircontaminant./388݌ (#(# Ќ  Whataretoxicityclassifications?   Regulatedtoxicairpollutantsareclassifiedaseitherhigh,moderate,orlow.Thesethreeclassificationsarerelatedtothehealtheffectsthatmaybecausedwhenhumansareexposedtothatparticularchemicalsubstance.Ahightoxicityclassificationindicatesthepotentialformoreseverehumanhealtheffectsthanalowtoxicityclassification.AdetailedexplanationofthecriteriausedindeterminingtoxicityclassificationscanbefoundintheNewHampshireCodeofAdministrativeRules,PartEnv-A1303.02. Whatisanambientairlimit?  ` AnAmbientAirLimit(AAL)isaconcentrationlimitofatoxicairpollutantnottobeexceededintheambientair.Itisintendedtoprovidepublichealthprotection.TheAALisexpressedinmicrogramspercubicmeter(_ug_/_m3_)andrepresentsatwenty-four(24)houraverage.TheAALiscalculatedbymodifyingtheThresholdLimitValue(_TLV_)toreflectaconcentrationlimitasitrelatestothegeneralpublic.A_TLV_Ԁistheairborneconcentrationtowhichallhealthyworkerscanbeexposed,foranormaleight(8)hourday,forty(40)hourweekwithoutilleffects.SincetheAALmustprotectthegeneralpopulationofthestate,the_TLV_Ԁhastobeadjustedforcontinuousexposuretothepollutantforsusceptiblepeoplesuchaschildren,theelderly,thechronicallyill,andpregnantwomen.Thisadjustmentisaccomplishedbyconvertingtheeight(8)hour_TLV_Ԁexposurelimittoatwenty-four(24)equivalentandthendividingthatvaluebytheapplicablesafetyfactor.Thesafetyfactorsgenerallyusedinconjunctionwithoccupationalstandardsareonehundred(100)forhightoxicity,seventy-one(71)formoderatetoxicity,andtwenty-four(24)forlowtoxicity.   +p&)  Whatisthelistofambientairlimitsfortoxicairpollutants?   TheNewHampshireDepartmentofEnvironmentalServices'AirResourcesDivisionpublishesalistingofregulatedtoxicairpollutantsforwhichAmbientAirLimitshavealreadybeenestablished.Thislistisupdatedapproximatelyonceayear.ItisimportanttonotethatanAALisestablishedforaregulatedpollutantassoonasitisidentifiedasbeingusedorproposedforuseinthestate,notwhentheAir_Toxics_ԀListisupdated.Thefactthatachemicalsubstanceisnotfoundonthelistdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthesubstanceisunregulated.TheAirResourcesDivisionshouldbeconsultedwheneverachemicalsubstanceisbeingemittedintotheambientair.ForadditionalinformationontheAir_Toxics_ԀControlProgramandtoxicairpollutantswhichareregulatedinNewHampshire,consultthefollowingwebsite:4p^O  5  http://www.des.state.nh.us/ard/toxpage.htm6E^OFngr  7toJ0F. 0  #@X XX X /##@wX@X 8#@J @wJ  @J   NEWJERSEY_DEP_sAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM#w JG#X XwԀ #wXX G#X Xw  In1979,_NJDEP_Ԁadoptedaregulationthatspecificallyaddressedair_toxics_Ԁemissions.Thisrule(ControlandProhibitionofAirPollutionbyToxicSubstances)listed11ToxicVolatileOrganicSubstances(_TVOS_)andrequiredthatsourcesemittingthose_TVOS_ԀtotheairshouldregisterwiththeDepartmentanddemonstratethattheywereusingstateoftheartcontrolstolimittheiremissions.Sincethattime,the_NJDEP_ԀAir_Toxics_ԀProgramhascontinuedtogrowtoincludeotherapproachesthatresultinthereductionofairtoxicemissions._NJDEP_Ԁnowhasathreeprongedapproachtodecreasingairtoxicemissionsinourstate: /3   /3K2\3  0    Acombinationofcontroltechnologyandriskassessmentrequirementsemployedinthe 8  permittingprocess(describedbelow)/3KK݌ (#(# Ќ  VoluntaryreductionsthatresultfromRightToKnowandsimilardisclosureprograms: /3   /3[M2\3  0    CommunityRighttoKnow/3[MM݌H (#(# Ќ   /3   /3'N2\3  0    PollutionPrevention/3'NRN݌8(#(# Ќ   /3   /3N2\3  0    ToxicReleasePreventionProgram/3NO݌((#(# Ќ   /3!   /3O2\3  0    _Greenstart_Ԁ/3OO݌(#(# Ќ  Air_toxics_Ԁreductionsthatresultasasidebenefitofcontrolprogramsthataddressozoneprecursors,particulatematter,andotherpollutants(seeourAirToxicEmissionReductionEffortsinNJpageforsomeexamples)   ControlTechnologyandRiskAssessmentinthePermittingProcess  h _NJDEP_Ԁusesacombinationofcontroltechnologyrequirementsandriskassessmenttosetlimitsontheemissionsofhazardousairpollutants("air_toxics_").WhenacompanyappliesforanAirPollutionControlPermitforanewormodifiedsourceofairemissions,theyarerequiredtousestateoftheartcontroltechniques.Thesetechniquesgenerallyincludeperformancelimitsthatarebasedonairpollutioncontroltechnology,pollutionpreventionmethods,andprocessmodificationsorsubstitutionsthatwillprovidethegreatestemissionreductionsthataretechnologicallyandeconomicallyfeasible.Thesetechnologyrequirementshavebeenapartoftheprogramforalmost30years.Intheearly1980s,_NJDEP_Ԁrecognizedthatoneshortcomingofthecontroltechnologyapproachwasthatitdoesnotguaranteethattheemissionsfromasourcewithstateoftheartcontrolsaresufficientlylowtoprotectpublichealth.Sonowmanypotentiallylargesourcesofairtoxicemissionsmustsubmitariskassessmentalongwiththeirpermitapplication,andhundredsofothersourcesareroutinelyscreenedbythepermitevaluatorsforpotentiallyhighcancerrisk.Largesourcesthatmustpreparetheirownriskassessmentshaveincludedmunicipalwasteandhazardouswasteincinerators,coalfiredpowergeneratingfacilities,and_cogeneration_Ԁunits.Following_NJDEP_Ԁguidance,theypredicttheexposurestoair_toxics_Ԁthatcouldoccurinthe vicinityoftheirplantsandcomparetheseexposurestohealthbenchmarks.Thisriskassessment H+&) isthensubmittedtotheDepartmentforreview.Thefinaldocumentismadeavailabletointerestedmembersofthepublic. Permitsforother(generallysmall)sourcesarescreenedby_NJDEP_ԀAirQualityPermittingprogramstaffforthepotentialtocauseahighexposuretoair_toxics_.Iftheexposurepredictedbythescreeningprocedureisgreaterthanathresholdamount,thenadditionalmodelingandriskassessmentaredonebythedispersionmodelingstaff.Thisriskscreeningstepprovidesconsistencyandefficiencyinthereviewprocess,whileensuringadequateprotectionofpublichealth.GuidanceonhowtoprepareariskassessmentcanfoundinTechnicalManual1003.  P  #@X XXX 9G# X XX@X  # wX X ?H# J  wNEWYORKSAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM# w  Je\# X X w    LegislativeCitation :   EnvironmentalConservationLaw30301,190301,190303   RegulatoryCitation :0 0 (# (#NewYorkCodeofRulesandRegulations,Title6,ChapterIII,  _Subchapter_ԀA,Parts201(1996),212(1994),and257(1997) (#(#  ProgramGoal :0 0 (# (#Toprovideprotectionfromtheadversehealtheffectsofair h  contaminants;toprotectandconservethenaturalresourcesandenvironment;andtopromotemaximumcomfortandenjoymentanduseofpropertyconsistentwiththeeconomicandsocialwellbeingofthecommunity. (#(#  Contact:  `    ThomasGentile X     `    BureauofStationarySources0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#DivisionofAirResources0p(#(#0p(#p(#0 (#(#0x (# (#8x(#x(# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#NewYorkStateDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation (#(#    `    50WolfRoad   `    Albany,NY122333255   `    (518)4577688 TreatmentofAreaSources   AreasourcesarenotregulateddirectlyunderNewYorkstatutes.TheStatedoesnotuseCAASection112(a)definitionstodifferentiatebetweenareaandmajorsources.Instead,theDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation(DEC)exemptscertainlowemissionsourcecategoriesfromitsregulations,including,butnotlimitedto,combustioninstallationswithheatinputcapacitylessthantenmillionBtuperhour;stationaryinternalcombustionenginesunder400horsepower;unitspaceheaters;fuelburningequipment;emergencyreliefvents,stacksandventilationsystems;process,exhaustorventilationsystemsinbakeriesandcertainfoodprocessingfacilities.NewYorkregulatesemissionsofair_toxics_Ԁfrombothnewandexistingsourcesthroughthepermittingprocess.Thefederalpartofthepermitislimitedtothereportingofregulatedairpollutants(e.g.hazardousairpollutantsandcriteriaairpollutants)and_NESHAP_Ԁcontroltechnologyrequirements,whilethestatepartofthepermitdoesnotlimittheregulationofemissionstoaspecificlistofpollutants.Rather,theStateprohibitsemissionsofodorous,toxic,ordeleterioussubstancesinconcentrations,orofsuchduration,thatwillaffecthumanhealthandwellbeing;unreasonablyinterferewiththeenjoymentofproperty;orunreasonablyandadverselyaffectplantandanimallife.Asaresult,allpriorityurbanhazardousairpollutants(_HAPs_)aretechnicallycoveredbyNewYorkregulations.  X*%( Withrespecttocontroltechnologyrequirements,NewYorkhasadoptedanenvironmentalratingsystemfornewandexistingsources.Inaddition,NewYorkhasdevelopedstatecontroltechnologyemissionstandardsforthespecificsourcecategorieslistedinTable2. Table1ofSection212.9isreproducedbelowwithsomeofthekeywordingunderlined:  Section212.9Table1EnvironmentalRatingCriteria @    Rating 0  A0  Anaircontaminantwhosedischargeresultsormayresultinseriousadverseeffectson  p  receptorsortheenvironment.Theseeffectsmaybeofahealth,economicoraesthetic `  natureoranycombinationofthese.P (#(# B0  Anaircontaminantwhosedischargeresultsormayresultinonlymoderateand @  essentiallylocalizedeffectsorwherethemultiplicityofsourcesofthecontaminantinany 0  givenareawouldrequireanoverallreductionoftheatmosphericburdenofthatcontaminant. (#(# C0  Anaircontaminantwhosedischargemayresultinlocalizedadverseeffectsofan  aestheticornuisancenature.(#(# D0  Anaircontaminantwhosedischargewillnotresultinmeasurableorobservableeffects  onreceptors,noraddtoanexistingorpredictableatmosphericburdenofthatcontaminant  whichmaycauseadverseeffects,consideringpropertiesandconcentrationsoftheemissions,isolatedconditions,stackheightandotherfactors. (#(# ЀThefollowingitemswillbeconsideredinmakingadeterminationoftheenvironmentalratingtobeappliedtoanaircontaminant:a)0  Toxicandotherpropertiesandtheemissionratepotentialoftheaircontaminant; p(#(# b)0  Locationofthesourcewiththerespecttoresidencesorothersensitiveenvironmental ` receptors,includingaconsiderationoftheareasanticipatedgrowth; (#(# c)0  Emissiondispersioncharacteristicsatornearthesource,takingintothephysicallocation @ ofthesourcerelativetosurroundingbuildingsandterrain; (#(# d)0  Theprojectedmaximumcumulativeimpactoftakingintoaccountemissionsfromall   sourcesinthefacilityunderreviewandthepreexistingambientconcentrationoftheair ! contaminantunderreview. (#(# Ingeneral,emissionreductionrequirementsdecreaseasenvironmentalratingdecreasesbutincreaseasemissionratepotentialincreases.Forexample,anassignmentofanAenvironmentalratingwouldrequirethatasourcewithanemissionratepotentialaboveonepoundperhourtoreduceemissionsbyatleast99%orinstallBestAvailableControlTechnology(_BACT_).AnassignmentaBenvironmentalratingwouldrequireasourcewithanemissionratepotentialbetween10to20poundsperhourtoreduceemissionsbyatleast90%,20to100poundsperhourby91%andthereductionrequirementscontinuetobecomemorestringentastheemissionratepotentialincreases. ,`'* Inadditiontothecontroltechnologyrequirementsdiscussedabove,NewYorkrequiresthatan  inhalationriskscreeningassessmentbeconductedtoevaluatetheambientimpactsofafacilitystoxicairemissionsandtodeterminetheacceptabilityofthespecifiedcontrolmeasures.NewYorksprogramrequirementsarebasedonthetoxicityclassificationofthepollutant(s)emittedhigh,moderate,orlow.Thehightoxicitycategoryincludeshumancarcinogens(confirmedandpotential)andothersubstancesposingasignificantrisktohumansbecauseofirreversibleorprogressiveeffectsoracutetoxicities.Themoderatetoxicitycategoryincludesanimalcarcinogens,_mutagens_,_teratogens_,andothersubstancesposingasignificantrisktohumans.Thelowtoxicitycategoryincludesprimarilyirritantswithnoconfirmedcarcinogenicityinanimals.InitialenvironmentalratingsofA,B,andCareassignedtohigh,moderate,andlowtoxicitypollutants,respectively.Theseratingscanbemodifiedusingthea)d)criteriaoutlinedabove.Ifadequatedataexist,theDECalsoassignstoeachair_contamainant_ԀanAnnualGuidelineConcentration(_AGC_)and/oraShorttermGuidelineConcentration(_SGC_).Theseareusedtoevaluatepotentiallongtermandshorttermeffects,respectively,onpublichealthandtheenvironment.The_AGCs_Ԁforhumancarcinogensarebasedonanambientairconcentrationwhichcorrespondstoanincreasedlifetimecancerriskofoneinonemillion(1x106).  Over1,300_AGCs_Ԁand_SGCs_ԀarecurrentlycontainedintheAirGuide1SoftwareProgram.Theguidelineconcentrationsarederivedonachemicalspecificbasisusingqualitativeandquantitativetoxicologicaldata.Thefollowinghierarchyofdatasourcesisutilizedindevelopingguidelineconcentrations:toxicologicalassessmentsconductedbytheDECorNewYorkStateDepartmentofHealth(_NYSDOH_);datafromEPAsIntegratedRiskInformationSystem(IRIS),datafromEPAHealthAssessmentDocuments;datafromtheNationalToxicologyProgram;datafromtheAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienistsThresholdLimitValuesandtheNationalInstituteofOccupationalSafetyandHealthRecommendedExposureLimits(whicheverismorerestrictive).Theambientimpactanalysisconsistsofascreeninganalysisfollowedby,ifnecessary,arefinedanalysis.Forthescreeninganalysis,theDECrequirestheuseofanairdispersionmodel(AirGuide1SoftwareProgram)todeterminethemaximumannualandshortterm(1hr)ambientairconcentrationsfor(1)buildingcavitiesand(2)areasbeyondthecavityregionforallsourcesofeachaircontaminant,includingothersignificantindustrialsourcesandbackgroundconcentrations.Forthescreeningairdispersionmodel,thefacilitymayusethestandardpointsourcemethod,anareasourcemodel(whichpredictsmaximumimpactsforgroundlevelareasources),oranalternatesourcemodel(whichpredictsmaximumimpactswithinanareasourceandmaybeusedtomodelurbanscaleemissions).Ifthepredictedworstcaseannualorshorttermmaximumambientconcentrationsarebelowthe_AGCs_Ԁand_SGCs_,thefacilitysemissionsandassociatedcontrolmeasuresareacceptable.Iftheguidelinesarenotmet,arefined,sitespecificanalysisisrequired.TheDECrequiresthatthesitespecificanalysisbeconductedusingEPArecommendedmodelssuchasIndustrialSourceComplexShortTermandLongTermorsimilarmodelswhichaccountforspecificsourcereceptorconfigurations. ,`'* Inadditiontocriteriapollutantambientairqualitystandards(discussedbelow),NewYorkhasestablishedspecificambientairstandardsfornonmethanehydrocarbons(_NMHCs_),fluorides,beryllium,andhydrogensulfide.BerylliumisapriorityurbanHAPandthecategoryoffluoridesincludeshydrogenfluoride,alsoapriorityurbanHAP. ImplementationMechanism  `  TheStateincorporatesexistingsourcesintoitscontrolprogramthroughtheoperatingpermitrenewalprocess.Newsourcesareincorporatedthroughconstructionpermitsandoperatingcertificates. CriteriaPollutantRegulations  `  NewYorkimplementstheNationalAmbientAirQualityStandards(_NAAQS_)forallcriteriapollutants. TreatmentofMobileSources    NewYorkhasadoptedemissionstandardsformotorvehiclesandmotorvehicleengineswhichapplytoall1993andsubsequentmodelyearpassengercars(PCS)andlightdutytrucks(_LDTs_).Beginningwiththe1993modelyear,onlyPCand_LDT_ԀmodelswhichhavebeencertifiedasmeetingtheStateofCaliforniastandardsforexhaustemissionsareallowedtobesoldinNewYork.However,NewYorkhasadoptedinusecompliancestandardswhichareslightlymorelenientthantheCalifornianewvehiclestandards.Forexample,a1993modelyearPCcertifyingtothe0.25g/mile_NMHC_Ԁstandardmustlimitemissionsto0.32g/mileforthefirst50,000milesofuse.Inusecompliancestandardsarewaivedbeyond50,000milesfor1993and1994vehicles.Thismileagelimitrisesto75,000milesfor1995and1996vehicles.Inadditionto_NMHCs_,exhaustemissionlimitshavebeenestablishedforcarbonmonoxide(CO)andoxidesofnitrogen(_NOx_).  p FollowingtheCaliforniamodel,NewYorkhasalsoestablishedexhaustemissionstandardsfornew1995andsubsequentmodelyearlightdutytransitionallowemissionvehicles,lowemissionvehicles(LEV),andultralowemissionvehicles.ThesestandardslimitemissionsofCO,NOX, 0 nonmethaneorganiccarbon(_NMOC_),andformaldehyde.NewYorkhasestablishedfleetaveragenonmethaneorganicgas(_NMOG_)emissionlimitsforlargevolumevehiclemanufacturerssellingPCSand_LDTs_ԀintheState.Thelimitsaretobemetduringthefirst50,000milesofvehicleuse;theselimitsbecomemorestringentforeachsuccessivemodelyear.Forexample,fleetaverageemissionsfromPCSarelimitedto0.23g_NMOG_/mileformodelyear1995anddeclineto0.062g_NMOG_/mileformodelyear2003andbeyond.Morelenientfleetaverageemissionstandardsarespecifiedforsmallandintermediatevolumevehiclemanufacturers.NewYorkhasalsomandatedthateachvehiclemanufacturerssalesfleetofPCSand_LDTs_containaminimalpercentageofzeroemissionvehicles(_ZEV_).Themandatedlevelforlargevolumemanufacturersbeginsat2percentin1998andincreasesto10percentin2003and ,`'* _beyond.IntermediatevolumemanufacturersdonothavetomeettheZEVpercentagerequirementsuntilthe2003modelyear;smallvolumemanufacturersareexemptfromthisrequirement.NewYorkwillalsodevelopregulationstorequirenewercleanerCaliforniaLEVstandardsforlightandmediumdutyvehiclesby2004.Thenewprogram,knownasLEVII,willrequirefurtherreductionsinemissionsofhydrocarbonsandnitrogenoxides,makevehicleemissioncontrolsystemsmoredurable,andregulatelargerpickuptrucksandsportutilityvehiclesthesameaspassengercars.Inadditiontoexhaustemissionstandards,NewYorkhasadoptedfuelevaporationemissionlimitsforPCSandLDTs,beginningin1993.Only hotsoakplusdiurnalemissionlimitsareapplicableto1993and1994modelyearvehiclesforthefirst50,000milesofuse.Beginningwiththe1995modelyear, runninglossstandardswereaddedandthecompliancetimewasincreasedtotheusefullifeofthevehicle.Thepercentageofnewvehiclescertifyingtorunninglossandusefullifestandardsstartedat10percentin1995andwasspecifiedtoincreaseto50percentby1997.ThefollowingareasinNewYorkarealsosubjecttothefederalreformulatedgasolineprogram:Qc  Qc"0    BronxCountyQc2݌(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    KingsCountyQcʙ݌(#(# Ќ  Qc  QcG"0    NassauCountyQcGb݌(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    NewYorkCountyQc݌p(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc{"0    OrangeCountyQc{݌`(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    QueensCountyQc/݌P(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    RichmondCountyQcȜ݌@(#(# Ќ  Qc  QcH"0    RocklandCountyQcHc݌0(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    SuffolkCountyQc݌ p(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc}"0    WestchesterCountyQc}݌`(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    DutchessCountyQc6݌P(#(# Ќ  Qc  Qc"0    EssexCounty(partial)Qcџ݌@(#(# Ќ  EmissionsData    NewYorkhasanextensiveairtoxicsemissionsinventory,includingover60,000sourcesandapproximately2,000compoundsidentifiedbyChemicalAbstractsService(CAS)Registrynumbers.DECcollectsinformationfrompermitapplications,ambientmonitoring,stackmonitoring,andsourcetesting.  $"   0 ` Table1.ListofSourceCategoriesRegulatedbyNewYork#@X XX X \# X XX@X ` (#` (# *x89d  d/ dd"/ dd" 45(#(#x,dd +    Architecturalsurfacecoatings#@X XX X 3# X XX@X   T Primaryaluminumreductionplants#@X XX X e# X XX@X    Ferrousjobbingfoundries#@X XX X ݣ# X XX@X    \ Byproductcokeovenbatteries#@X XX X M# X XX@X     Openfires#@X XX X # X XX@X    d Ironandsteelprocesses#@X XX X "# X XX@X     Incineration#@X XX X # X XX@X   l  Portlandcementplants#@X XX X # X XX@X     Syntheticorganicchemicalmanufacturingfacilitycomponentleaks#@X XX X a# X XX@X   $t  Consumerandcommercialproducts#@X XX X # X XX@X     Expresstermsgraphicarts#@X XX X p# X XX@X   ,|  Pharmaceuticalandcosmeticmanufacturingprocesses#@X XX X # X XX@X     Drycleaning#@X XX X k# X XX@X   4 Gasolinedispensingsitesandtransportvehicles#@X XX X Ψ# X XX@X    Surfacecoatingprocesses#@X XX X U# X XX@X   < Stationarycombustioninstallations#@X XX X ũ# X XX@X    Solventmetalcleaningprocesses#@X XX X ?# X XX@X   D Sulfuricandnitricacidplants#@X XX X # X XX@X    Petroleumrefineries#@X XX X ,# X XX@X   L! Asbestoscontainingsurfacecoatingmaterial#@X XX X # X XX@X   "  Petroleumandvolatileorganicliquidstorageandtransfer#@X XX X #X XX@X  T$  _#wXX \#J w  d&! OKLAHOMASAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM #w J#X Xw   LegislativeCitation : 0  27AOklahomaStatuteSection25114(#(#  RegulatoryCitation :0 0 (# (#OklahomaAdministrativeCode(_OAC_)Title252:Chapter100,  _Subchapter_Ԁ41(ControlofEmissionofHazardousandToxicAirContaminants) (#(#  ProgramGoal :0 0 (# (#Tocontroltheroutineemissionofhazardousandtoxicair X  contaminantsfromstationarysources,nottoincludeaccidentalorcatastrophicreleases. (#(#  Contact :0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#_Evelina_ԀC.Moralesh (#(# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#DepartmentofEnvironmentalQuality (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#AirQualityDivision (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#P.O.Box1677 (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#OklahomaCity,OK731011677 (#(#   0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#(405)7024100 (#(#  TreatmentofAreaSourcesandMajorSources   TheAirQualityDivisionlistsover1500toxicaircontaminants(TAC)emittedbyfacilitiesoperatinginOklahoma.Thelistincludesthe39potential112(k)HazardousAirPollutants(HAP),leadcompoundsbeingexcluded._AQD_ԀregulatessourcesoftheseTACusingtheMaximumAcceptableAmbientConcentration(_MAAC_)atthepropertylineandfacilityspecificemissionlimits.Ofthe39listedpotential112(k)HAP,thestatehasestablished_MAAC_Ԁforallbut_quinoline_Ԁ(seeTable1).Thereare3categoriesofTACbasedontoxicity.CategoryAsubstancesarehighlytoxicsubstancesbasedonacutetoxicityfromeitherinhalation,oralanddermalstudies.AllsuspectandconfirmedhumancarcinogensarecategoryAsubstancesalso.CategoryBsubstancesaremoderatelytoxicsubstancesshowntoproducemoderatetoxicityfrominhalation,oral,ordermalstudies.Theyaresubstancesshowntodemonstrateorproducecarcinogenic,_mutagenic_,or_teratogenic_Ԁactioninasingleanimalspecieswithlittleornohumanevidenceofcarcinogenic,_mutagenic_,or_teratogenic_Ԁaction.CategoryCsubstancesaresubstancesthathavebeenshowntoproducelowtoxicityorirritationfrominhalation,oral,ordermalstudies._MAAC_Ԁisdevelopedbydividingthemostrestrictive8hourTWAconcentration(selectedfromeither_NIOSH_ԀREL,_ACGIH_Ԁ_TLV_,or_AIHA_Ԁ_WEEL_)with100forcategoryA,50forcategoryBand10forcategoryC._MAAC_Ԁisexpressedin_ug_/_m3_Ԁor_ppm_.X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX  g  gz݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    Since1987,allsourcesofTAChavebeensubjecttoregulationbytheState.Newandmodified h)$' sourcesareincorporatedintheair_toxics_Ԁprogramthroughthepermittingprocess.AnewsourceemittingcategoryApollutantsisrequiredataminimuminstallBACT.Anysourceunabletodemonstratecompliancewith_MAAC_Ԁcansubmitariskassessmentshowingthatthegroundlevel 8,'* concentrationofTACwillnotcreateahazardousconditionforthenearbycommunity.Theairtoxicruledoesnotapplyto:1)anycriteriapollutantforwhichOklahomaAirQualityprimaryandsecondarystandardsexist,or2)applicationofpesticidesandfertilizers,or3)anysourceoperationsubjecttoa_NESHAP_Ԁstandard,or4)anysubstancewhichwouldbeconsideredtobeaTACbyvirtueofitsradioactivity,or5)sourceswithde_minimus_ԀemissionsforcategoryAsubstanceof0.6_TPY_,nottoexceed0.57lb/hr;forcategoryBsubstanceof1.2_TPY_,nottoexceed1.1lb/hr;andforcategoryCsubstances,6_TPY_,nottoexceed5.6lb/hr.Theruleisapplicabletoexemptedfacilities,whichcanbeshowntoviolatethe_MAAC_.ɾ݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX  {  {݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    TreatmentofMobileSources݌  p  ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX  K  TheStateofOklahomahasanAntitamperingProgramdesignedtohelpreduceozoneprecursor `  emissionsintheOklahomaCityandTulsa.Therearenoregulationsorpoliciesspecificallyrelatedtoreducingtoxicaircontaminantsfrommobilesources.K^݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    ݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    EmissionsData ݌   ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   Allsourcesarerequiredtoregisterandsubmitanannualemissionsinventoryoftoxicair  contaminants,otherwiseknownastheTurnAroundDocument.Thisdocumentgenerallyconsistofa)physicalinformationlikeprocessunitsize,stackdiameter,stackflowrates,b)processinformationliketonsused,tonsproduced,c)controlequipmentandefficiencies,andd)emissionratesbasedonbestinformationavailablefromactualtests,materialbalances,emissionfactors,orengineeringestimates.Theseinventoriesareduenolaterthan3monthsfromthedateofrequest.X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    ݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    MonitoringData$݌ P ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    Oklahomadoesnothaveanyair_toxics_Ԁmonitoringprograminplaceatthistime.݌ @ ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX  [  [n݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    EmissionsTrading݌  p ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX  !  Oklahomadoesnothaveanyemissionstradingprograminplace.!4݌ ` ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    ݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    PollutionPrevention'݌ @ ЌX XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX    OklahomapassedthePollutionPreventionActon1996.Thisprogramhasagoalofreducing 0 wastethroughsourcereductionandsoundenvironmentalmanagement.Oneofitsprogramsisthevoluntary_toxics_Ԁusereductionprogrambutithasanunknownpotentialforreducingemissionsofthe112(k)HAP.݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX     Table1 $" 112(k)ChemicalsthatOklahomaRegulates  % # A*e:;dddd 89(#(#e,( dd ,dd", dd#+  $ p&!$ $HAP '&$"%" 'Category '&$"&" '#@X XXX #X XX@X MaximumAcceptableAmbient &$"' Concentration(_ug_/_m3_) #'#("  #1,1,2,2_Tetrachlroethane_  H)$) A 5+ H)$*  Q@68Q@568 5+)H)$+  Q@68 Q@ 51,1,2_Trichloroethane_   *&, A 6, *&- @545@6545 6,**&. @545 @ 6_1,2Dichloropropane  (Propylenedichloride)  xT B 7- d @6931@76931 7-+d @6931 @ 71,3Butadiene    A 5+    F@44F@544 5+)   F@44 F@ 51,4Dichlorobenzene    \ B 7-  \  @9000@79000 7-+ \  @9000 @ 7Acetaldehyde     B 7-     @3600 @73600 7-+    @3600  @ 7Acrolein  d A 4* d  @2@42 4*(d  @2 @ 4Acrylamide    A 6,   333333?0.3333333?60.3 6,*  333333?0.3 333333? 6Acrylonitrile  l  A 5+ l   5@215@521 5+)l   5@21 5@ 5Arseniccompounds    A 7-   {Gz?0.02{Gz?70.02 7-+  {Gz?0.02 {Gz? 7Benzene  t  A 5+ t   @@32@@532 5+)t   @@32 @@ 5Berylliumcompounds   A 7-  {Gz?0.02{Gz?70.02 7-+ {Gz?0.02 {Gz? 7Cadmiumcompounds  |  A 6, |! ?0.5?60.5 6,*|" ?0.5 ? 6Carbontetrachloride  $# A 6, $$ @_@125@_@6125 6,*$% @_@125 @_@ 6Chloroform  & A 5+ '  @X@97@X@597 5+)(  @X@97 @X@ 5Chromiumcompounds  ,) A  ,* varies  ,+ Cokeovenemissions   , A 4* -  ?1?41 4*(.  ?1 ? 4Dioxins/furans  4/ A 8. 40 >2E-06>82E06 8.,41 >2E-06 > 8Ethylacrylate   2 A 6,  3 i@200i@6200 6,* 4 i@200 i@ 6Ethylenedibromide(Dibromomethane)   ,#6 A 4* <"7  @3@43 4*(<"8  @3 @ 4Ethyleneoxide  $9 A 4* $:  ?1?41 4*($;  ?1 ? 4Ethylenedichloride(1,2Dichloroethane)  $' = A 5+ 4&>  4@204@520 5+)4&?  4@20 4@ 5Formaldehyde  (!@ A 5+ (!A  (@12(@512 5+)(!B  (@12 (@ 5Hexachlorobenzene  ,*#C A  ,*#D Notestablished  ,*#E Hydrazine  +$F A 8. +$G x&?0.393x&?80.393 8.,+$H x&?0.393 x&? 8Leadcompounds  d Notsubject  d   d Manganesecompounds    VariesAC    Varies    Mercurycompounds   l A 6,  l ?0.5?60.5 6,* l  ?0.5 ? 6Methylenechloride(Dichloromethane)      A 7-     @1736 @71736 7-+    @1736  @ 7Methylenediphenyldiisocyanate(MDI)  xT A 7- d RQ?0.51RQ?70.51 7-+d RQ?0.51 RQ? 7Nickelcompounds    A 7-   333333?0.15333333?70.15 7-+  333333?0.15 333333? 7Polychlorinatedbiphenyls  \  A 7- \  {Gz?0.01{Gz?70.01 7-+\  {Gz?0.01 {Gz? 7Polycyclicorganicmatter    A 4*    ?1?41 4*(   ?1 ? 4Quinoline  d B  d Notestablished  d Styrene    B 7-   @4260@74260 7-+   @4260 @ 7Tetrachloroethylene(Perchloroethylene)  \" A 7- l# ,@3350,@73350 7-+l$ ,@3350 ,@ 7Trichloroethylene  % A 7- & @1343@71343 7-+' @1343 @ 7Vinylchloride  d( A 6, d) _@127_@6127 6,*d* _@127 _@ 6Vinylidenechloride(1,1Dichloroethylene)  , A 6,  - h@198h@6198:0. . h@198 ' h@ :_   .  #wXX #J wOREGONDEPARTMENTOFENVIRONMENTALQUALITY #w J#X Xw   Whataretoxicairpollutantsandwheredotheycomefrom?   Toxicorhazardousairpollutantsaresubstancesintheairthatcanharmtheenvironmentandyourhealth.Manytypesofhumanactivitiesproducetoxicairemissionsinvaryingamounts.Manufacturing,energyproduction,burningwastematerialsorwood,painting,cleaningactivitiesanddrivingvehiclesallproducetoxicairpollutants.Naturalsourcescanalsoproducetoxicairemissions.Forexample,radongascomesupfromtheground.Breathingtoxicairpollutantscanincreaseyourchancesofexperiencinghealthproblemsrangingfromthroatirritationtocancer,emphysemaorreproductivedisorders.Forinstance,inhalingbenzenefumesgivenoffwhengasispumpedintoyourcarcanincreaseyourchancesofgettingleukemia.Thedangertohumanhealthfromatoxicairpollutantdependsontheamountandlengthofexposure.Therearethreewaystoxicairpollutantsgetreleasedintotheair.Cars,factories,gasstationsandothersourcesmaygiveofftoxicairpollutants continuously overtime.Whenaplant's ( productionisdoneinbatches,toxicchemicalsmaybereleased intermittently. Anexplosion,  equipmentfailureortransportationaccidentcanproduceverydangerousair_toxics_Ԁ unexpectedly   andmustbeproperlycontained. FederalLawsControllingToxicAirPollutants   TheCleanAirActAmendmentsof1990requiretheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)toregulateemissionof188hazardousairpollutants,includingbenzene,dioxin,chromium,_perchloroethylene_Ԁandtoluene.EPAhasidentifiedsourcesofthesetoxicairpollutantsandhasclassifiedthemintoabout170categories.Tosignificantlyreduceemissions,EPAisdevelopingnationaltechnologybasedperformancestandardsandregulationsforeachcategory.EPAisdevelopingastandardforeachhazardousairpollutantcategory.EPAisworkingoutthedetailsofwhatkindsofcontrolsqualifyas"maximumcontrol"foreachcategoryofairtoxicsourcessuchasdrycleaners,gasolinedistributingfacilitiesandchemicalmanufacturing.EPAhasadoptedregulationsforover25percentoftheidentifiedsourcecategories.EPAexpectsstandardsforalltypesofsourcestobecompletedbytheyear2000.UnderthefederalTitleVAirOperatingPermitProgram,afacilitywiththepotentialtoemit10tonsofanytoxicairpollutant,or25tonsperyearofanycombinationoftoxicairpollutants,isdefinedasamajorsourceofhazardousairpollutants.TitleVpermitsincluderequirementsforthesefacilitiestolimittoxicairpollutantemissions.  X*%( EPAregulationsrequirecertainindustrialfacilitiesandbusinessestohaveanduseaplantopreventaccidentaltoxicairpollutantreleases,andtominimizetheirimpactsonthesurroundingcommunityinaworstcaseaccidentscenario. Howdoes_DEQ_Ԁcontroltoxicairpollution?  p TheDepartmentofEnvironmentalQuality(_DEQ_)implementstheCleanAirActinOregon._DEQ_Ԁadoptsasstaterulesthefederalstandardsfortoxicairpollutantsources._DEQ_Ԁwillalsoadoptfederalaccidentalreleaseregulations.Throughanairpermittingprogram,_DEQ_Ԁissuespermitstoapproximately1,400industrialandcommercialbusinessesinOregonthatproduceairpollution.Thepermitsensurethatbusinessescomplywithairqualitystandardsorareonscheduleforcompliancebyaspecificdate.Regional_DEQ_Ԁofficestaffhelpbusinessesachievecompliance,orevengobeyondrequirements._DEQ_staffregularlyinspectthesebusinessesforcompliancewithpermitconditionsandrecommendenforcementactionswhenpermitviolationsoccur.OregonnowhasastateTitleVAirOperationPermitProgramformajorindustrialairpollutionsources._DEQ_ԀincorporatestheindustryspecifictechnologybasedstandardsintoTitleVpermits._DEQ_ԀregulateshazardousairpollutantemissionfromsmallerfacilitiesthroughrequirementsinAirContaminantDischargePermits._DEQ_Ԁimplementsotherstaterulesthatreducetoxicairpollutantsincludingbenzenefromcarsandtrucks.TheVehicleInspectionPrograminPortlandandMedfordreducesvehicleemissionsthatcontaintoxicairpollutantsbymakingsureairpollutioncontrolsystemsinvehiclesareworkingproperly._DEQ_Ԁrequiresmanufacturerstorestricttheamountofvolatileorganiccompounds(_VOCs_)inpaintsandhouseholdproductssoldinthePortlandregion.Someofthese_VOCs_Ԁarehazardousairpollutants. GettingInvolved    _DEQ_Ԁiscommittedtoinformingandinvolvingpeopleinairqualitydecisionsandissuesthataffectthem._DEQ_Ԁusesadvisorycommitteescomposedofcitizensandtechnicalexpertstodeveloprulesabouttoxicairpollutantsandotherissues.Peoplehaveanopportunitytocommentonnewpermitsandmodificationstoexistingpermitsduringpublicizedcommentperiodsandpublichearings.  % # #wXX n#J w PUGETSOUNDCLEANAIRAGENCY   #w J#X XwThePugetSoundCleanAirAgencywasestablishedbystatelawin1967(_RCW_ԀChap.70.94)toenforcefederal,stateandlocalairpollutionlawsandregulationsinKing,_Kitsap_,Pierceand_Snohomish_ԀcountiesinWashingtonState.Ourjurisdictionspans6,300squaremilesandishometoabout3millionpeople,morethanhalfthestate'spopulation.Ourpoliciesandprogramsaredesignedtomeetandmaintainairqualitystandards,protecthumanhealth,preventinjurytoplantandanimallifeandprotectPugetSound'spanoramicviews.Ourair_toxics_Ԁregulationswereadoptedin1990toreduceairpollutionandprotectpublichealth.Thisdocumentsummarizeskeyelementsofourair_toxics_Ԁprogram. LegislativeAuthority :0  70.94RevisedCodeofWashington(x (#(#  RegulatoryCitation :0 0 (# (#PugetSoundCleanAirAgencyRegulationsI,IIandIIIand173 X  460WashingtonAdministrativeCode (#(#  ProgramGoal :0 0 (# (#Tocontroltheemissionoftoxicaircontaminantsandtoprovide ( foruniformenforcementofairpollutioncontrolinitsjurisdictionandtocarryoutthemandatesandpurposesoftheWashingtonCleanAirAct,theFederalCleanAirAct,andtheNationalEmissionStandardsforHazardousAirPollutants. (#(#  Contact :0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#Maggie_Corbin_x(#(#    `    110UnionStreet,Suite500   `    Seattle,WA98101   `    (206)6894057 TreatmentofMajorandAreaSources  (x Inacontinuingefforttoreduceairpollutionandprotectpublichealth,thePugetSoundCleanAirAgencydevelopedanair_toxics_Ԁregulation.RegulationIII,adoptedAugust9,1990,regulatesairtoxicemissionsfrombothnewandexistingsources.NewormodifiedaircontaminantsourcescannotobtainapprovaltoconstructuntilBestAvailableControlTechnology(_BACT_)isappliedandatoxicimpactanalysisindicatesthesourcewillnotcauseairpollution._BACT_ԀisdeterminedonacasebycasebasisduringPugetSoundCleanAirAgency'sNoticeofConstructionreviewprocess.Thetoxicimpactanalysiscomparesmodeledambientconcentrationsoftoxicaircontaminants(_TACs_)toAcceptableSourceImpactLevels(_ASILs_)._ASILs_ԀusedinthetoxicimpactanalysesarebasedonthosedevelopedbytheWashingtonDepartmentofEcologyintheirregulationtocontroltoxicaircontaminantsfromnewsources. _ASILs_Ԁforcarcinogenscorrespondtoariskofoneinonemillion;_ASILs_Ԁfor_noncarcinogens_Ԁare H+&) basedontheAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienistsThresholdLimitValuesdividedbyasafetyfactorof300. Existingsourcesarealsoevaluatedbycomparingmodeledambientconcentrationsof_TACs_Ԁto_ASILs_.Sourcesareprioritizedforevaluationaccordingtothequantityandtoxicityofemissions.If_ASILs_Ԁareexceeded,_BACT_Ԁmustbeemployed.Incaseswherethereareseveralfacilitiesinthesamesourcecategory,arulewillbedevelopedwhichspecifiescontrolrequirementsforthatindustry.Thisprovideseconomicequitytoallaffectedsourcesbyrequiringallfacilitiestocomplywiththerequirementsoftheruleonthesameschedule.Specificregulationswereadoptedtocontroltoxicemissionsfromchromicacidplatingandanodizingfacilities,vapor_degreasers_,ethyleneoxidesterilizersandaeratorsand_perchloroethylene_Ԁdrycleaners.ThePugetSoundCleanAirAgencyincorporatesbyreferencetheNationalEmissionStandardsforHazardousAirPollutantsandupdatestheincorporationbyreferenceannually. TreatmentofMobileSources   TheWashingtonStateDepartmentofEcologyretainsauthoritytoregulatemobilesources.The  PugetSoundCleanAirAgencysupportstheirefforts. EmissionInventory   ThePugetSoundCleanAirAgencycollects_toxics_Ԁemissioninventorydatafromindustrial p facilitiesonanannualbasis(reportingthresholdof2tons/yearofanysingletoxicaircontaminantand6tons/yearofanycombinationoftoxicaircontaminants).TheAgencyperformsacompletetoxicaircontaminantofareasourcesandmobilesourceseverythreeyears. PollutionPrevention   p ThePugetSoundCleanAirAgencyincorporatespollutionpreventionstrategiesintoournew ` sourcereviewpermittingandregulationofexistingsource.  @  #wXX g#J wSOUTHCAROLINASAIR_TOXICS_ԀPROGRAM#w J 3#X Xw   SouthCarolinacurrentlycollectstoxicemissionsinventoriesfrommajorsourcesonabiennialbasis.TheStaterecentlybegangeneratingtoxicemissionsestimatesforareaandmobilesources.Thereisnostatelawrequiringindustriestosubmittoxicemissionsdata.However,SouthCarolinastronglyencouragesitsindustrytosupplythisdataandmostprovideitvoluntarily.X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXXX X XXX  _5  SouthCarolinadoesverylimited_toxics_Ԁambientmonitoring,mostlyforspecialstudies.The X  StateiscurrentlyseekingEPAgrantfundstoconductawiderangeof_toxics_Ԁmonitoringinruralandsmallurbanareas._546݌̌X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX X XXX   In1991,SouthCarolinabeganimplementingitsstateair_toxics_Ԁregulation(6162.5,StandardNo.8,ToxicAirPollutants).Thisstandardrequiresallexistingandnewlyconstructedsourcesofair X  _toxics_Ԁ(257pollutantsregulated)toconductairdispersionmodelingtodemonstratecompliancewithestablished24hour_fenceline_Ԁmaximumallowableconcentrations.SouthCarolinacurrentlyimplementsallFederaltoxicemissionsstandards(i.e.,_MACT_).Notechnologybasedstatestandardsfortoxicemissionshavebeenestablished.   ?< #wXX 3# 7!wAppendixC:SpecialMonitoringStudiestoAssessExposureand  RiskfromAir_Toxics_#w! 7d;#X Xw  B  #wXX ,<#J wCalifornia #w J<# $t X XwMATESIandMATESII  V   From1986to1987,theSouthCoastAirQualityManagementDistrictconductedaMultipleAir_Toxics_ԀExposureStudy(MATESI)todeterminetheSouthCoastAirBasin(Basin)widerisksassociatedwithmajorairbornecarcinogens.(Formoreinformation,see#@X XXX #X XX@X     4 al^O  5  http://www.aqmd.gov/news1/studies.htm)#@X XXX >#X XX@X 6>^O>isc  7al?ԀIntegrationofmeasuredambientconcentrations,   populationdistribution,andhealthriskdataforindividualchemicalspeciesconstitutedame