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Roman RegularH >ßb$Large Circleššą0 ąŻ ƒ¤T!ŻÓ  ÓŻ  ŻÓ  ÓŃ7€ņXXdšdČ7ŃŌ% € ŌEPAņ ņ›€OAQPS€Fire€Policy€Committee€MeetingŠ ° Š€Denver,€ColoradoĢMeeting€MinutesĢÓ  Óó óņņThursday€Morning,€Nov.€21óóŠ €Š ŠĢSally€Shaver€convened€the€meeting€by€noting€that€this€was€a€gathering€of€interested€persons€withĻconcerns€about€prescribed€burning€and€air€quality.€œTwenty„nine›€persons€attended€the€meeting.̜›ĢņņJohn€Christiano,€National€Park€Service€€€Carolyn€Salmon,€FDEPą  ąœą p ąHoward›€Rhodes,€Fla.€DEPŠ 0 € ŠBob€Clark,€BLM€ą ` ą€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œą  ą€€€€›€€Sandra€Silva,€FWSą  ąą p ąSally€Shaver,€EPAą x ąŠ š @  ŠDon€Arkellą ` ą€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œ›œColleen›€Campbell,€COą  ąœą p ąRon›€Zeleny,€CO€Š °  ŠRon€Tickle,€DOD€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Dept.€Health€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œą p ąDept.›€Forestry€Š pĄ  ŠKathy€Ellis,€DOD€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œńń€€€ńńAnita›€Frankel,€Reg€10,€€€€€€€œą p ąBob›€Palzer,€Sierra€ClubŠ 0€  ŠPete€Black,€USMC€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€EPA€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œą p ąJohn›€Core,€WESTARą x ąŠ š@  ŠJoe€Williams,€WA€DOE€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œńń€€ńń›€Larry€Svoboda,€Reg€8,€€€€€€œą p ąShawn›€McCaffrey,€Reg€8,€Š °  ŠJim€Douglas,€DOIą ` ą€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œńń€€€€ńńEPA›€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œą p ąńńą Č ąńńEPA›Š pĄ  ŠClaire€Hong,€Reg€10,€EPA€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œńń€ńńńń€ńńBrian›€Mitchell,€NPS€€€€€€€€€€œą p ąDonna›€Lamb,€USFSŠ 0€  ŠNancy€Kruger,€STAPPA/ALAPCO€€€€€€€€€œńń€ńńAlison›€Ling,€DODą  ąœą p ąBud›€Rolofson,€FWSŠ š@ ŠBill€Becker,€STAPPA/ALAPCOą  ą€€€€€œńń€ńńMary›€Jo€Lavin,€USFS€€€€€€œą p ą›€Arch€Wells,€BIA€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œŠ ° ŠGary€Blais,€EPAĢ›€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ģņņń ńń ńń!ńń!ńIntroductory€Video€&€EPA€CommentsŠ š@ ŠóóĢJohn€Core€introduced€a€jointly€produced€WESTAR€„€Forest€Service€video€on€the€air€quality€„€forest€health€issue.€SallyĻShaver€then€briefed€the€group€on€her€vision€for€the€next€18€months€to€move€toward€resolving€a€number€of€issues.€ThisĻprocess€really€began€with€the€Federal€Wildland€Fire€Management€Policy€and€Program€Review€process€which€wasĻcompleted€in€December,€1995.€The€final€recommendations€were€endorsed€by€Carol€Browner,€EPA€Administrator€andĻincluded€provisions€for€future€discussion€between€the€stakeholders.€The€objectives€of€this€process€is€to€obtainĻrecommendations€for€improving€EPA€polices€for€meeting€requirements€of€the€CAA€including€violations€to€NAAQS,€PSD,Ļvisibility€and€conformity.€Sally€asked€that€participants€identify€any€other€issues€that€should€be€drawn€into€the€discussion.ĢĢBill€Becker€asked€if€this€group€was€being€asked€to€think€broadly€about€the€issues€or€"stay€within€the€box".€In€response,ĻSally€and€others€noted€the€need€to€find€solutions€within€existing€law€and€regulations€that€meet€the€immediate€needs€of€theĻAct€but€that€innovative€ideas€were€welcome.€Mary€Jo€Lavin€said€that€the€Forest€Service€(FS)€really€does€not€know€howĻmuch€burning€will€increase€but€that€such€estimates€are€needed€ASAP,€noting€that€there€will€be€a€considerable€resourceĻcommitment.€€Brian€Mitchell€noted€that€not€enough€is€known€at€this€point€to€tell€if€legislative€changes€are€needed€to€dealĻwith€this€problem.€H.€Rhodes€agreed€that€at€least€in€Florida€it€is€not€known€what€the€extent€of€the€problem€is.ĢĢņņĢĢOrganizationĢóóĢIn€terms€of€project€organization,€Sally€suggested€that€a€steering€committee€be€established€to€oversee€the€process€and€isĻlooking€for€€recommendations€participants€here€for€people€from€their€respective€organizations€to€serve€on€workgroups€andĻto€review€work€products.€Members€of€the€steering€committee€would€include€€FWS,€DOI,€NPS,€DOD,€FS,€NPS,€BLM,ĻSTAPPA/ALAPCO,€€NASF,€EPA€OAQPS,€EPA€regions,€tribal€associations€and€perhaps€others.€A€question€was€raisedĻabout€other€organizations€as€members,€especially€agricultural€burning€interests€and€health€organizations.€Sally€said€she€didĻnot€wish€to€be€exclusive,€but€preferred€to€keep€the€steering€committee€on€the€small€side,€and€keep€issues€focused€onĻprescribed€burning€in€forests.€She€said€that€agricultural€burning€policy€would€likely€have€its€own€process,€and€could€beĻbrought€together€with€this€exercise€where€there€are€commons€issues.€She€envisioned€that€the€steering€committee€would€be€Ļbrought€under€the€PM/Ozone/Regional€Haze€FACA€process€to€insure€that€all€interested€stakeholders€can€becomeŠ °+'2 Šinvolved.€€Other€interested€stakeholders€may€include€FEMA,€the€agricultural€burning€community,€soil€conservationĻgroups€and€other€environmental€associations.€ĢĢSally€noted€that€she€expected€3„4€workgroup€meetings€and€a€few€conference€calls€among€members€of€the€steeringĻcommittee€to€help€guide€the€process.€She€affirmed€that€the€process€would€be€top„down€from€the€steering€committee€to€theĻworkgroups.€She€envisioned€the€job€of€€workgroups€will€be€to€develop€recommendations€in€time€for€consideration€by€thisĻsteering€committee,€FACA,€the€participating€agencies€and€other€stakeholders.€The€FACA€would€then€provide€advice€toĻEPA€on€these€issues.€FACA€will€not€likely€change€the€product€of€this€process,€but€other€interests€involved€in€FACA€couldĻinfluence€the€final€EPA€policy.€ĢĢSally€suggested€that€three€workgroups€be€established:€policy€development,€science€and€technology€and€communications.ĻThe€workgroups€may€want€to€submit€issues€that€they€feel€the€steering€committee€should€discuss€and€reach€concurrence.ĻOtherwise,€Sally€hoped€that€the€workgroups€would€focus€their€work€on€issues€identified€by€the€committee.ĢĢņņCurrent€EPA€Policies€with€Respect€to€FireŠ 0€  ŠóóĢSally€briefed€the€group€on€PM€NAAQS€issues€including€impact€of€smoke€on€nonattainment€area€and€smoke€managementĻrequirements;€requirements€for€BACM€„€level€prescribed€fire€smoke€management€programs€in€serious€nonattainment€areasĻand€EPA's€new€Natural€Events€Policy.€The€Policy€would€require€development€of€a€Natural€Events€Action€Plan€if€wildfireĻsmoke€exceeds€€the€PM€NAAQS.€Regarding€Conformity,€it€was€noted€that€this€requirement€of€the€Act€is€a€very€realĻproblem€in€California.€PSD€applies€if€burning€is€a€regularly€occurring€source.€On€regional€haze,€visibility€impairment€fromĻprescribed€burning€smoke€was€addressed€in€the€GCVTC€recommendations€adopted€by€the€western€governors.€DiscussionĻfollowed€about€Washington€and€Florida€policy€of€exempting€prescribed€burning€from€PSD€requirements,€but€with€strongĻsmoke€management€programs,€and€Oregon's€program€which€increased€the€PSD€baseline€to€accommodate€increasingĻprescribed€fire€emissions.ĢņņDraft€Guiding€PrinciplesŠ pĄ ŠóóĢSally€then€described€the€following€draft€principles€for€later€discussion:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻConsistency€with€the€Federal€Wildland€Fire€Management€Policy€and€Program€Review€final€report€of€DecemberŠ pĄ Š18,€1995Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻSupport€for€the€increased€use€of€prescribed€fireа (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNeed€strong€technical€basis€for€increased€prescribed€fireŠ0€"(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNeed€strong€public€education€program€to€explain€the€need€to€increase€fire€to€the€publicа$(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNotify€affected€public€in€advance€when€NAAQS€exceedences€are€expected€from€Rx€fire.€This€is€especiallyŠ 0!€& Šimportant€when€burning€is€planned€near€wildland„urban€interface€area€and€in€roadless/remote/wilderness€areasĻand€when€burning€is€occurring€on€lands€immediately€adjacent€to€homeowners.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻRegional€smoke€management€plans€should€coordinate€burning€on€an€interstate€basis.Š0$€*(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻRequire€BACM€in€areas€where€there€are€projected€large€increases€in€fireа%!,(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻPolicies€should€treat€all€sources€of€air€pollution€equitably€(Much€discussion€about€this,€particularly€about€generalŠ 0'€". Šexemptions€for€agricultural€burning,€and€how€equitably€industry€will€be€treated.)Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAvailability€of€Planning€Data:€There€is€a€strong€need€methods€for€estimating€projected€fire€emissions;€forŠ p)Ą$1 Šemissions€tracking€and€reporting€of€fire€emissions.€Such€emission€inventories€will€need€to€be€updatedĻperiodically.Š (#(# ŠŠ °+'4 ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻConformity:€FLMs€must€demonstrate€conformity€in€all€SIPs.€If€future€PM€programs€incorporate€AOV€concepts,Š ° Šfire€emissions€at€greater€distance€upwind€will€need€to€be€considered€in€SIP€planning.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻMechanisms€for€corrective€action€will€need€to€be€established€should€initial€planning€efforts€fall€short.Šš@(#(# ŠĢņ ņParticipant€CommentsŠ pĄ Šó óĢņņJim€Douglas,€Department€of€InterioróóŠ š @ ŠĢJim€commented€that€this€process€is€of€great€interest€to€Secretary€Babbitt€and€Secretary€Glickman.€Interior€is€working€onĻtheir€response€to€the€recommendations€from€the€GCVTC€and€this€group€ties€into€that€process.€Jim€noted€that€the€issue€ofĻburning€for€commercial€purposes€vs€burning€for€management€of€public€lands€(non„commercial)€aspects€of€this€problemĻneed€to€be€recognized.€That€somehow€the€issue€of€wildland€fire€management€emissions€is€different€than€other€industry€asĻthey€work€to€manage€the€land€for€future€generations.€Although€you€can€do€some€planning€for€Rx€fire,€much€of€it€cannot€beĻplanned€more€than€a€few€hours€in€advance.€Regarding€mechanical€treatment,€Jim€noted€that€this€method€of€treatment€isĻvery€limited€in€its€application€and€it€does€not€accomplish€many€of€the€objectives€that€fire€does.€Costs€are€also€high.ĻMechanical€treatment€is€not€a€cure€for€this€problem.€He€encouraged€the€group€to€think€about€long€term€land€managementĻobjectives€a€well€as€how€much€smoke€goes€into€the€air.€Communication€and€education€is€critical€to€resolving€theseĻquestions.€Finally,€he€felt€that€Interior€does€not€know€how€much€burning€needs€to€be€done€or€where€it€is€needed€but€thatĻthey€need€to€get€this€information€together€as€soon€as€possible.€He€urged€a€balance€between€public€health,€public€safety€andĻresponsible€wildland€management.ĢĢņņSandra€Silva,€FWSŠ 0€ ŠóóĢSandra€commented€on€the€interest€of€both€the€FWS€air€and€fire€organizations.€Issues€with€respect€to€current€EPA€policiesĢ€ĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNAAQS€:€Contributions€to€NAAQS€violations€in€remote€areas€are€not€an€issue€but€such€impacts€are€important€ifŠ 0€ Šthey€occur€close€into€urban€areas.€Fees€for€Rx€fire€are€seen€as€a€disincentive€for€burning€which€may€result€inĻmore€wildfires.€Fees€also€result€in€low€estimates€of€emissions€which€corrupt€databases.€BACM€does€not€provideĻany€credit€for€wildfire€reductionsŠ (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNatural€Events€Policy:€this€policy€may€have€an€impact€if€FWS€asked€to€fund€air€monitoringŠ0€(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻPSD:€it€is€unclear€how€increment€consumption€would€be€calculated€since€fires€are€of€short€duration€and€vary€inŠ š@ Štime€and€space.Š (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻConformity:€Single€events€should€not€be€subject€to€conformity.€If€de€minimis€levels€are€applied€to€FWS€burns,Š pĄ! Šno€problem.€Few€areas€are€within€nonattainment€areas.€All€burns€consistent€with€land€management€plans.Š (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻVisibility€is€an€issue€as€smoke€is€easily€visible€to€the€publicŠš@#(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻFLMs€must€do€a€better€job€of€educating€the€public,€working€with€state/locals€and€tracking€emissionsа$(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻDo€not€treat€burning€same€as€industry;€do€not€separate€Rx€fire€from€wildfire.€Consider€natural€levels€of€smoke;Š p Ą% Štreat€smoke€as€a€temporary€source.Š (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻGuiding€principals:€Recognize€agency€missions€as€well€as€air€quality€missions.€There€are€no€substitutes€for€fireŠ š!@' Što€achieve€some€objectives€for€fire€dependent€plant€species.€Š (#(# ŠĢņņBrian€Mitchell,€NPSóóŠ 0$€* ŠĢBrian€said€that€he€was€glad€that,€after€many€years,€this€issue€is€finally€being€discussed€at€the€national€level.€HeĻrecommended€the€following€guiding€principles€for€developing€policies€on€prescribed€fire€and€air€quality:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNAAQS€must€be€met€collectively€by€all€sources€to€protect€public€health.€Standards€were€set€at€levels€intended€toŠ š'@#/ Šprotect€health,€with€a€margin€of€safety.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻEPA's€policy€with€respect€to€fire€should€deal€with€all€land€owners,€not€just€FLMššs.€This€would€be€consistent€withŠ 0*€%2 Šthe€recommendations€of€the€GCVTC.€Legislative€changes€may€be€needed€to€deal€with€agricultural€burning.€Š (#(# ŠŠ °+'4 ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻTake€advantage€of€existing€CAA€flexibility€to€promote€the€use€of€Rx€fire€where€appropriate,€to€maintain€healthŠ ° Šecosystems.€If€there€are€no€reasonable€alternatives,€burning€which€is€still€protective€of€public€health€should€beĻallowed.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻUnderstand€that€the€consequences€of€over€constraining€Rx€fire€use€in€the€future€will€not€just€increase€the€chancesŠ ° Šof€large€air€quality€impacts€from€catastrophic€wildfires.€Consideration€should€also€be€given€to€otherĻenvironmental,€safety€and€property€loss€impacts€as€well.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻClass€I€area€visibility€protection€must€allow€for€balance€between€ecosystem€balance€and€visibility€goals.€SmokeŠ °  Šfrom€natural€fires€have€always€been€present€in€parkland.€Given€projected€increases€in€Rx€fire€programs.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻRegional€planning€should€be€encouraged€for€consistency€and€to€address€cumulative€impacts.€Smoke€managementŠ š @  Šplans€should€be€required€for€all€prescribed€burning€regional€level.€Best€Management€Practices€should€beĻrequired.€Emission€tracking€systems€are€essential€for€accountability.€Š (#(# ŠĢBrian€also€commented€on€existing€EPA€policies:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNAAQS€should€not€be€applied€in€remote€areas€where€public€access€can€be€limited.€This€would€be€consistent€withŠ pĄ  Šthe€definition€of€š šambient€airšš€and€air€quality€within€industrial€complexes.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻBACM€requirements€should€be€updated€to€assure€they€represent€sound€policy€and€current€state€of€the€science.а(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Ż€PM€Natural€Events€Policy€discounts€wildfire€impacts,€and€consideration€should€be€given€to€including€impactsŠ 0€ Šfrom€prescribed€natural€fire,€as€long€as€action€plans€are€in€place.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Ż€NPS€complies€with€conformity€requirements,€and€other€agencies€engaged€in€significant€burning€practices€shouldŠ pĄ Šcomply€as€well.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Ż€With€regard€to€PSD,€NPS€believes€it€should€not€apply€to€RX€fire€unless€it€is€associated€with€commercialŠ ° Šactivity.€If€it€is€applied,€all€other€sources€clearly€subject€to€PSD€must€be€accounted€for€under€the€program,€andĻhistorical€levels€of€smoke€should€be€used€to€establish€a€baseline.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻOn€regional€haze,€Rx€fire€emissions€should€not€be€considered€for€internal€Class€I€area€smoke€effects€on€visibilityŠ °  Šif€several€criteria€are€met€including€a€strong€public€outreach€effort€and€smoke€management€plans.Š (#(# ŠĢņņArchóó€Wells,€BIAóóŠ š@# Šń!ńń!ńĢBurning€on€tribal€lands€a€cultural€issue,€and€tribal€people€will€likely€continue€to€consider€burningĻand€other€land€management€practices€on€tribal€lands€as€a€right.€Arch€outlined€a€number€ofĻquestions€by€tribes€regarding€current€policies:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻIn€developing€fire€management€plans,€how€should€interactions€between€CAA,€CWA,Š $ą) ŠESA,€€Wilderness€Act,€etc.,€be€addressed?€Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻHow€are€fire€emissions€going€to€be€managed€by€the€tribes€under€the€TIPs,€and€does€theŠ `'°", ŠRx€fire€BACM€document€provide€enough€information€to€develop€tribal€SMPs?€€Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻHow€can€fire€dependent€ecosystems€be€maintained€while€protecting€clean€air?€The€systemŠ 0*€%/ Šshould€encourage€agreements€among€land€managers€and€regulators.Š (#(# ŠŠ ,`'1 ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻWhat€issues€may€develop€where€a€TIP€does€not€agree€with€one€or€more€SIPs€?а(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻShould€policies€concentrate€on€health€impacts,€or€emissions€produced?Аą(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAre€€NAAQS€violations€on€remote€lands€a€significant€public€health€issue?€ŠpĄ(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻCan€PM2.5,€PM10,€Class€I€visibility€policies€be€unified?ŠP  (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻShould€PSD€goals€be€based€on€historical€levels€of€wildland€fires?€€Š0 €(#(# Š€€ņņŠ  p  ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻóóHow€should€the€tradeoff€relationship€between€prescribed€fire€and€wildfire€be€addressed?ņņŠ` (#(# ŠĢBob€Clark,€BLMóóŠ š@  ŠĢBob€was€substituting€for€Les€Rosenkrance.€Bob€noted€that€in€1987,€the€FLMs€became€aware€thatĻthere€were€significant€problems€with€fuels€buildups€that€caused€catastrophic€wildfire€and€thatĻsomething€needed€to€be€done€to€manage€the€fuels€buildup€and€the€public€safety€issues€caused€byĻwildfires.€He€cited€major€wildfires€in€California,€southern€Oregon,€€in€Yellowstone€NationalĻParka€and€in€Idaho€as€examples.€Bob€said€costs€of€suppression,€loss€of€property€and€fatalitiesĻmake€it€clear€the€trend€cannot€continue.€Measures€need€to€be€taken€to€increase€Rx€fire€activitiesĻto€reduce€wildfire€damage€to€ecosystems,€in€addition€to€air€pollution.€He€said€BLM€stronglyĻsupports€clean€air€policies,€and€believes€increased€use€of€prescribed€burning,€while€protecting€airĻquality€is€essential.€He€recommended€that€the€following€principles€be€considered:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAdditional€measures€should€consider€effectiveness€and€costsŠ0€(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻThere€should€be€recognition€that€a€portion€of€prescribed€burning€will€trade€off€againstŠ ` Šprevented€or€reduced€wildfire.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻThe€roles€of€state€and€local€agencies€are€important€and€should€be€recognized.Šą0(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAdditional€measures€should€be€comprehensive€and€equitable.€Agricultural€burningŠ Ą! Šaccounts€for€half€of€all€prescribed€burning,€yet€is€essentially€unregulated.€FederalĻagencies€cannot€unilaterally€bear€all€the€costs€and€air€quality€improvements.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻRepresentative€historic€values,€not€just€the€last€year€or€two,€should€be€used€to€establishŠ €%Š # Šbaselines.€€Š (#(# ŠĢņņMary€Jo€Lavin,€Forest€ServiceóóŠ P( #& ŠĢMary€Jo€noted€that€there€is€a€new€emphasis€on€fire€under€the€recently€adopted€Federal€WildlandĻFire€Policy.€The€U.S.€Forest€Service,€as€well€as€DOI€has€a€strong€commitment€to€protec€publicĻhealth,€just€as€EPA€is€supporting€the€additional€use€of€prescribed€burning€for€ecosystemŠ ,`'* Šmanagement.€She€said€this€new€emphasis€on€fire€is€not€an€end€unto€itself€but€rather€a€tool€toĻensure€successful€resource€management.€Public€safety,€including€public€health€is€the€focus€of€thisĻinitiative.€The€Forest€Service€knows€that€3€million€acres€must€be€treated€each€year€for€20€years€isĻneeded.€By€2005,€they€hope€to€be€up€to€the€3€million€acres€per€year€goal.€They€do€not€knowĻwhere€these€acres€are€but€managers€must€focus€in€the€most€critical€areas.€Estimates€are€that€aĻ20%€funding€increase€for€fuels€management€will€be€needed€each€year,€which€is€beingĻincorporated€into€budgets.ĢĢMary€Jo€also€emphasized€that€leadership€will€be€required€within€this€group€on€this€issue.€SheĻviews€this€as€a€task€of€putting€pieces€together.€Each€person€comes€with€important€views€andĻexperience,€and€all€need€to€respect€that€and€support€the€leadership€of€each€other.€Each€isĻresponsible€for€resolution€of€this€issue€both€in€terms€of€protecting€public€health,€and€sustaining€aĻhealthy€natural€resource.€She€said€€EPA€has€been€helpful€in€this€regard€by€looking€at€the€broaderĻperspectives€of€this€issue.€She€urged€all€stakeholders€to€be€similarity€involved.ĢĢņņDonna€Lamb,€Forest€ServiceóóŠ Ą ŠĢDonna€commented€on€several€issues€of€interest€to€the€Forest€Service.€First,€there€is€little€debateĻthat€the€NAAQS€must€be€met.€However,€in€any€prescribed€burning€situation€it€is€likely€there€areĻpotential€for€NAAQS€violations€at€some€point€in€the€smoke€plume.€Where€is€the€line€drawn?€CanĻthe€š šrestricted€areašš€approach€be€used,€when€burning€occurs?€PSD€portions€of€the€CAA€poseĻsignificant€challenges€for€the€Forest€Service€to€balance€AQRV€responsibilities€with€those€of€fireĻmanagement.€Equity€is€important€to€the€agency.€Donna€said€she€thought€the€flexibility€of€theĻCAA€may€need€to€be€tested€to€achieve€FLM€goals.€The€agency€is€doing€some€cost€analysis€toĻmeet€conformity€requirements,€but€she€would€rather€see€the€resources€which€might€be€used€forĻconformity€used€instead€for€management.€On€regional€haze€programs,€there€are€goodĻopportunities€to€build€on€the€work€of€the€GCVTC€to€make€progress.ĢĢņņRon€Tickle,€DODóóŠ š@ ŠĢDOD€has€25€million€acres€under€management.€Areas€of€management€emphasis€€includeĻcompliance,€pollution€prevention,€cleanup,€technology€and€conservation€of€natural€and€culturalĻresources.€Ron€said€generally€burning€is€done€for€safety€reasons,€and€fuel€management€to€reduceĻwildfires€started€by€ordnance.€Fire€is€applied€as€well€for€ecosystem€management.€DOD€facilitiesĻcoordinate€with€state€and€local€regulatory€authorities,€including€the€submission€of€prescribedĻburning€plans€for€approval€and€executing€the€plans€by€qualified€personnel.€DO€D€has€not€dealtĻwith€conformity€issues€but€believe€that€Rx€fire€should€be€treated€as€a€natural€source,€and€not€beĻsubject€to€PSD€if€it€is€a€continuing€action.€He€said€baseline€emissions€should€be€established.ĻStreamlined€CAA€requirements€would€be€appropriate€to€minimize€administrative€barriers.ĻAdditional€constraints€would€likely€be€a€disincentive€to€more€burning.€He€said€that€nationalĻstrategies€should€continue€to€be€implemented€at€the€state/local€level,€and€if€additional€fireĻprogram€activities€cannot€be€accomplished,€legislative€remedies€may€be€needed.€ĢŠ ,`'* ŠņņJoe€Williams,€Washington€Dept.€of€EcologyŠ ° ŠĢóóThis€issue€is€important€to€Washington€which€has€a€strong€smoke€management€program.€ThisŠ ą Šprogram€should€be€outside€the€Natural€Events€Policy.€He€said€he€thinks€the€increased€fireĻprogram€activity€can€best€be€justified€for€reasons€of€public€safety€and€health€of€ecosystems.€HeĻsaid€equity€is€the€most€important€issue€for€air€directors.€The€new€PM€standards€will€require€moreĻcontrols€on€industry€and€the€public,€and€air€regulators€will€be€stuck€with€explaining€whyĻprescribed€burning€is€allowed€to€increase.€He€thinks€public€health€is€most€important,€and€hasnšštĻheard€anyone€say€it€isnššt.€There€is€a€need€for€more€PM€monitoring,€and€resources€arenššt€availableĻto€do€an€adequate€job.€He€thinks€the€benefits€for€public€safety€and€ecosystem€health€must€beĻbetter€documented€to€assist€in€gaining€public€support.€Joe€indicated€he€doesnššt€think€applyingĻPSD€requirements€to€prescribed€burning€makes€sense€if€an€effective€smoke€management€programĻis€in€place.€He€said€emission€tracking€is€essential€to€account€for€the€impacts.€He€said€wildlandĻfire€should€be€brought€into€the€regional€haze€issue.€Washington€has€made€significant€emissionĻreductions€demonstrating€that€technologies€do€exist€to€reduce€emissions€per€ton€of€fuel€burned.ĢĢņņHoward€Rhodes,€Florida€Dept€of€Environmental.€ProtectionóóŠ ° ŠĢHoward€would€push€for€a€more€holistic€management€philosophy,€where€everything€is€considered,Ļnot€just€air,€and€not€just€ecosystems.€In€an€effort€to€reduce€redundancy€Florida€has€place€fireĻpermitting€for€forestry€and€agriculture€under€one€smoke€management€program.€Howard€said€thatĻmost€of€the€health€studies€for€PM€are€based€on€longer„term€exposures.€Most€of€the€prescribedĻburning€in€Florida€to€establish€ecological€systems€is€of€short€duration.€He€recognizes€that€thereĻmay€be€longer„term€impacts€in€other€parts€of€the€country.€He€said€that€there€are€other€reasonsĻthan€fuels€management€to€conduct€prescribed€burning,€such€as€insect€reduction.€In€addition,€theĻFlorida€climate€fosters€€high€vegetative€growth,€so€repeat€treatment€for€fuel€management€mayĻoccur€more€frequently.€He€believes€flexibility€and€common€sense€is€needed€to€deal€with€this€issueĻand€it€will€likely€be€restricted€in€some€areas€of€the€country€much€more€than€in€other€areas.€PSDĻmay€make€some€sense€but€if€it€reduced€burning€the€emission€reductions€might€be€offset€byĻincreased€biogenic€emissions.€There€are€many€fire€dependent€ecosystems€in€the€state.€StateĻlegislature€passed€a€bill€encouraging€prescribed€fire€in€spite€of€the€fact€that€Florida€has€manyĻelderly€citizens.ĢĢņņCarolyn€Salmon,€Florida€Dept€of€Environmental€ProtectionŠ  #š! ŠĢóóCarolyn€stated€that€every€ecosystem€in€Florida,€including€grassland,€wetland€and€forest€is€fire„Š €%Š # Šdependent,€for€species€diversity.€Some€endangered€species€rely€on€fire€for€survival.€In€addition,Ļfire€is€considered€necessary€to€maintain€Floridaššs€cattle€and€sugar€industries.€She€said€the€use€ofĻfire€has€widespread€acceptance€in€Florida.€Actions€promoting€and€supporting€the€role€of€fire€haveĻoccurred€at€state€legislative€and€county€levels.€Carolyn€said€that€not€only€government€agencies,Ļbut€private€landowners,€conservation€organizations€endorse€fire€as€a€part€of€their€landĻmanagement€practices.€This€is€also€true€in€northwest€Florida,€which€with€several€military€airĻbases,€has€the€busiest€airspace€in€the€world.Š ,`'* ЇCarolyn€described€some€of€the€public€information€efforts€from€Eglin€AFB.€She€said€cooperativeĻgroups€are€established€in€various€regions€to€coordinate€smoke€management.€She€closed€herĻpresentation€stating€that€prescribed€burning€must€be€available€as€an€ecosystem€management€tool;ĻAll€fires,€prescribed€and€natural,€should€be€considered€when€determining€an€exceedence€ofĻNAAQS;€there€should€be€differentiation€between€ecological€and€fuel€management€burning,€andĻthat€conducted€for€commercial€purposes,€and€silvicultural€should€be€differentiated€fromĻagricultural€burning.ĢĢņņColleen€Campbell,€Colorado€Dept.€of€HealthóóŠ 0 € ŠĢColleen€said€the€Department€of€Health€supports€use€of€prescribed€fire,€and€protection€of€publicĻhealth.€She€said€smoke€management€is€very€important€in€this€area.€She€felt€a€regional€approach€isĻneeded€for€consistency.€Monitoring€is€needed€to€gather€information€and€quantify€effects.€She€feltĻthat€action€levels€should€be€established,€to€avoid€NAAQS€exceedences,€and€that€short„termĻpublic€health€effects,€less€than€24€hours€are€not€addressed.ĢĢĢĢĢņņBill€Becker.€STAPPA/ALAPCOóóŠ €Š ŠĢUnlike€other€pollutants€that€have€been€regulated€in€the€past,€PM€(smoke)€is€proving€to€be€a€veryĻsignificant€public€health€problem€that€cause€the€premature€deaths€among€sensitive€portions€of€theĻpopulation.€It€is€important€to€therefore€know€what€sources€contribute€to€this€important€problem.ĻIF€RX€fire€is€a€contributor,€then€air€managers€need€to€do€something€about€it.€He€said€equity€is€anĻimportant€factor€when€we€ask€others€to€reduce€emissions€while€ignoring€wildland€fire€emissions.ĻHe€would€argue€whether€an€operation€is€commercial€vs.€non„commercial€should€not€make€aĻdifference€in€how€smoke€emissions€are€handled.€Government€should€be€setting€the€highestĻexample.€We€must€learn€from€past€experiences,€that€quite€often€the€best€solution€is€not€foundĻsomewhere€between€two€extremes.€Some€innovative€approaches€should€be€developed€andĻconsidered,€such€as€market„based€methods.€Ģ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Š Ą! ŠRon€Zeleny,€CO€Dept.€of€Forestry,€for€National€Association€of€State€ForestersóóŠ °"  ŠĢThe€State€foresters€believe€that€their€goals€and€objectives€in€managing€state€lands€are€not€muchĻdifferent€than€those€of€the€FLMs.€Fire€frequently€visits€the€western€landscape.€Current€issuesĻwith€EPA€policy€include€the€lack€of€monitoring€for€PMņņ10óó€for€prescribed€burning€so€the€degree€ofŠ p&Ą!$ Šcontribution€from€fire€is€somewhat€unknown.€Air€quality€in€urban€areas€is€often€dominated€byĻother€sources.€Those€conducting€€the€burning€are€often€unaware€of€current€air€quality€conditionsĻso€burning€may€occur€under€less€than€ideal€conditions.€Class€I€visibility€standards€are€tooĻrestrictive€because€they€do€not€consider€"natural"€smoke€conditions.€Modeling€tools€are€veryĻrough€and€improvements€are€needed€to€be€more€useful.€ĢŠ ,`'* ŠRon€recommended€the€following€changes€in€EPA€policyĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAgricultural€burning€should€be€included€if€public€health€goals€are€going€to€be€met.€Š,`'*(#(# Š‡Ż ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻProximity€of€the€burn€to€populated€areas€should€be€a€consideration€so€burns€in€remoteŠ ° Šarea€should€be€viewed€with€more€flexibility€than€those€close€into€urban€areas.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻPMņņ10óó€standards€seem€workable€as€a€means€to€regulate€silvicultural€burning,€but€the€newŠ €Š ŠPMņņ2.5óó€standards€will€probably€be€a€problem.€ŠpĄ(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻThe€idea€of€advanced€public€notice€in€the€event€that€Class€I€visibility€standards€areŠ P   Šexceeded€has€some€merit€and€should€be€further€discussed.€Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻAll€smoke€sources€including€agricultural€burning,€fireplaces,€stoves,€PNF,€etc.€Š p (#(# ŠĢRon€thought€the€guiding€principles€should€include:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻUniversal€requirements€to€use€BMPššs€including€€qualified€burning€crews.€Šą0 (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻNew€BMPššs€implemented€by€all€concurrentlyŠŠ (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻRegional€smoke€management€systems€should€be€sized€and€tailored€to€the€region€ofŠ ° Šconcern.Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻImplement€a€centralized€inventory€systemŠ€Š(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻInclude€all€smoke€emission€in€the€inventory,€including€woodstove€smokeŠ`°(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻFederal€agencies€must€conform€to€SIPššsŠ@(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻCurtailment€should€occur€for€all€burning,€if€air€quality€is€not€acceptableŠ p(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻSilvicultural€and€agricultural€burning€should€be€accountable€to€the€same€standards.ŠP(#(# ŠĢĢThe€meeting€broke€for€lunchĢĢ€ņņJohn€Core,€WESTARŠ °"  ŠóóĢJohn€illustrated€why€WESTAR€has€such€concern€about€this€issue.€He€showed€two€overheads€ofĻ1995€prescribed€burning€annual€PMņņ2.5óó€emissions€for€California€and€PMņņ2.5óó€emission€projectionsŠ €%Š # Šfor€2040€from€the€Grand€Canyon€Visibility€Transport€Commission€assuming€optimal€smokeĻmanagement.€Although€the€projected€values€were€soft,€they€nonetheless€illustrated€the€scope€ofĻpotential€increases€in€treated€acreage.€He€noted€that€statewide€in€California,€an€increase€inĻemissions€of€about€100,000€tpy€PMņņ2.5óó€was€projected,€assuming€unlimited€opportunity€to€burn€andŠ @)$' Šunlimited€funding€for€the€fire€program.€The€projected€reductions€from€application€of€BMP€isĻabout€15%.€He€noted€that€WESTAR€was€involved€in€developing€regional€modeling€tools€toĻassess€PMņņ2.5óó€impacts€from€fire€and€the€Council's€policy€position€on€this€issue.Š ,`'* ЇņņReview€of€Draft€Guiding€PrinciplesóóŠ ° ŠĢņ ņThe€final€list€of€guiding€principles€from€the€afternoon€of€the€21ņņstóó€and€morning€of€the€22ņņndóóŠ ą Šare€included€as€Attachment€1.€ĢĢó óPreface:€The€committee€recognizes€that€EPA€will€likely€adopt€a€new€PMņņ2.5€óó€NAAQS€and€that€inŠ ` ° Šthe€future€prescribed€burning€activity€will€increase.€Considering€these€as€given€facts,€theĻfollowing€guiding€principles€are€agreed€upon€by€the€committee:€ĢĢ1.€Two€public€policy€goals€need€to€be€integrated:ĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻProtection€of€public€healthŠ` (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻSound€wildland€ecosystem€management€including€prescribed€fireŠP (#(# ŠĢĢĢ2.€Recognize€the€Need€for€Prescribed€Fire€for€Resource€Management€PurposesĢą0  ą2a.€The€increased€use€of€prescribed€burning€(how€much,€timing€and€location)€must€beĻsupported€by€strong€technical€facts€related€to€public€safety,€ecosystem€management€andĻsmoke€management.Š (#(# ŠĢ3.€Smoke€from€prescribed€fire€will€be€managed€with€the€goal€of€protecting€public€health,€airĻquality€and€the€environment.ĢĢ4.€€The€policies€will€address€all€sources€of€air€pollution€in€a€fair€and€equitable€fashion€(one€sizeĻdoes€not€fit€all).€Agricultural€burning€should€be€considered.ĢĢ5.€EPA's€Wildland€Fire€Policies€will€address€the€guiding€principles€in€the€Federal€Wildland€FireĻManagement€Policy€and€Program€Review„€Final€Report€of€December€18,€1995.ĢĢ6.€There€should€be€a€strong€public€outreach€program€to€explain€both€the€use€and€importance€ofĻprescribed€burning€for€ecosystem€management€and€implications€to€public€health€and€safety.€€ĢĢ7.€All€prescribed€burning€should€be€conducted€under€a€management€plan€that€addresses€smokeĻimpacts.€These€should€be€linked€to€fire€management€plans€and€smoke€management€plans.ĢĢ8.€Conformity€should€be€considered€and€addressed€in€an€integrated€manner,€and€made€an€integralĻpart€(i.e.,€consistency€with€the€process€ensure€conformity).ĢĢ9.Implementation€of€reasonable€progress€requirements€applied€to€Class€I€area€visibility€should€be€Ļ€achieved€with€long€term€(5€to€10€years)€improvements.ĢĢ10.€Evaluate€visibility€progress€requirements€in€conjunction€with€prescribed€burning€needsĻconsidering€the€GCVTC's€recommendations.Š ,`'* Ї11.€Include€State/local/tribal€air€pollution€control€agencies€and€the€public€early€when€developingĻfire€management€plans€ĢĢ12.€Regional€planning€is€needed€to€assure€that€all€prescribed€burning€is€coordinated.€(operationalĻand€long€range€planning).ĢĢ13.€Require€that€Best€Available€Burning€Practices*€are€followed€to€minimize€emissions€andĻsmoke€impacts€to€populated€areas.ĢĢ*€To€be€addressed€in€guidelines€developed€by€the€workgroupĢĢ14.€Assess€existing€databases,€identify€gaps€and€recommend€elements€for€databases€forĻland/resource/fire€management€information,€long€range€prescribed€burning€plans€and€emissionĻestimating,€tracking€and€reporting€capability.ĢĢ15.€€Data€bases€should€be€updated€periodically,€accessible€to€all€agencies€and€in€a€consistentĻformat.ĢĢ16.€Regarding€PSD,€increases€in€area€emissions€due€to€prescribed€burning€may€be€addressed€inĢinnovate€ways.ĢĢ17.€Procedures€for€taking€corrective€actions€that€include€all€stakeholders€will€be€established€inĻthe€event€that€improvements€are€needed€in€fire€and€smoke€management€plans.ĢņņĢFriday€Morning,€November€22óóŠ 0€ ŠĢContinuing€discussion€of€guiding€principles:ĢĢAdditional€guiding€principles€were€then€discussed.€Jim€Douglas€commented€that€although€muchĻlong€term€planning€can€be€done,€it€needs€to€be€recognized€that€day€to€day€flexibility€in€the€actualĻconduct€of€the€burning€is€essential.€John€Core€noted€that€there€was€a€special€need€to€bringĻprescribed€natural€fire€(PNF)€issues€into€the€policy€discussions.€Sally€stated€that€the€NaturalĻEvents€Policy€is€what€exists€now,€and€we€should€not€try€to€resolve€the€question€of€whether€PNFĻshould€be€counted€as€anthropogenic€or€non„anthropogenic€here.€The€issue€will€continue€toĻevolve.€The€group€agreed€that€integration€of€PNF€issues€into€the€process€was€important€andĻcharged€the€policy€workgroup€with€assuring€that€these€be€discussed.€Several€members€of€theĻgroup€suggested,€and€it€was€agreed€that,€consideration€of€costs€be€included€in€the€workgroupĻdiscussions.€Sandra€Silva€suggested€that€an€added€policies€guideline€should€address€theĻrelationship€between€immediate€(economic€and€human€health)€and€future€(sustainableĻecosystems)€goals,€benefits,€and€effects.€This€is€the€"pay€me€now€or€pay€me€later"€concept.ĢĢSeveral€additional€guiding€principles€were€added,€and€word€changes€made.€ĢŠ ,`'* ŠņņWorkgroup€Structure€and€DirectivesŠ ° ŠóóĢņ ņThe€final€workgroup€structure€and€directives€and€leaders€are€in€Attachment€2.Š ą Šó óĢIt€was€agreed€generally,€there€should€workgroups€addressing€policy,€science€and€technicalĻsupport,€and€communications.€The€steering€committee€will€ask€that€within€the€next€4€months,Ļthese€workgroups€be€convened€to€discuss€topics€outlined€in€the€guiding€principles.€EachĻworkgroup€needs€to€be€balanced€among€the€stakeholders€to€the€degree€possible.€The€first€meetingĻof€these€workgroups€will€be€face„to„face€followed€thereafter€by€conference€calls.€Future€face„to„¼face€meeting€will€be€limited.€There€also€needs€to€be€communication€between€the€workgroups.ĻEach€workgroup€should€have€a€member€of€this€policy€committee€involved€in€their€process€andĻwill€be€co„chaired€by€an€EPA€person€and€€another€stakeholder.€There€should€be€not€more€than€15Ļpersons€on€each€workgroup€balanced€between€the€fire€and€air€issues,€eastern€vs€western€interestsĻand€state€vs€federal€agency€staff.€It€was€felt€important€that€"on€the€ground"€land€managersĻparticipate€in€this€process€as€well€as€administrators.€ĢĢSally€asked€that€each€of€the€agencies€consider€their€representation€in€the€process€and€nominateĻnames€to€serve€on€the€workgroups€by€December€6th.€Copies€of€letters€of€nomination€should€beĻsent€to€Sally€Shaver€and€John€Core.€€€€ĢĢņņPolicy€Workgroup€Objective:óó€To€develop€a€œdraft€air€quality€management€policy€for€prescribed›Š pĄ Šburning€œin›€accordance€with€the€principles€agreed€to€by€the€steering€committee€(ten€to€fifteenĻpages€in€length,€approximately).ĢĢChair€Ken€Woodard€(EPA).€Jim€Douglas€will€serve€as€liaison.€Joe€Williams,€Ron€Zeleny,€MaryĻJo€Lavin€and€Sally€Shaver€will€provide€additional€input€as€needed.ĢĢņņScience€&€Technology€Support€Workgroup:óó€Provide€technical€support€for€policy€developmentŠ P Šincluding:ĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻTools€needed€to€implement€policyŠą0(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻThe€technical€basis€for€the€need€for€prescribedņņ€óóburning€ŠŠ (#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻData€analysis€€ŠĄ!(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻIdentify€existing/ongoing€technical€information€projectsа" (#(# ŠĢChair€Dwight€Atkinson€(EPA€OPPE)€or€John€Kennedy€(EPA€R9).€John€Core€(WESTAR)€andĻDonna€Lamb€(Forest€Service)€will€serve€as€liaisons.€ĢĢņņCommunicationsóó:€Develop€the€message€to€the€public,€identify€other€ongoing€outreach€activitiesŠ `'°"% Šand€coordinate€with€them,€develop€a€communications€plan.ĢĢChair€Tom€Curran€(EPA€OAQPS).€Sandra€Silva€will€serve€as€liaison.ĢĢSeveral€draft€will€probably€be€received€by€the€Policy€Committee€for€consideration€and€comment.Š ,`'* ŠFinal€documents€will€then€be€forwarded€to€the€PM/Ozone/Regional€Haze€Committee€for€widerĻdiscussion.€A€first€product€from€the€workgroups€is€expected€in€about€four€months.€By€mid„98,Ļany€recommendations€needed€to€be€brought€into€the€NAAQS€regulations,€so€a€final€work€productĻto€FACA€is€needed€by€December€of€1997.€ĢĢņņ1997€ScheduleóóŠ ` ° ŠApril€4thą ` ąFirst€draft€work€product€from€each€workgroup.Š P   ŠMid„Aprilą ` ąFire€Policy€Committee€Meeting€to€review€drafts€and€process€Š @  ŠĢDepartment€of€Interior€will€be€forming€an€interagency€workgroup€to€begin€discussion€of€howĻbest€to€implement€the€recommendations€of€he€Grand€Canyon€Visibility€Transport€Commission.ĻAll€are€invited€to€participate.ĢĢThe€meeting€was€adjourned€at€11€AMĢņņĢĢĢAttachment€1óóŠ  š ŠÓ  Ӏ€€ņ ņŠ ą ŠÓP„ÓĢĢĢÓ  ÓŌ‡¼†€¼XXŌGUIDING€PRINCIPLES€Š P  ŠFOR€DEVELOPMENT€OF€EPA€WILDLAND€FIRE€POLICIESó óŠ f¶ Šņ ņŌ#†XņX¼¼†€–„#ŌÓŠ„ÓĢĢĢą  ąThe€following€guiding€principles€were€developed€by€the€Fire€Policy€SteeringĻCommittee€with€the€following€as€givens:ĢĢŻ‚kßb’ŻŻ  Żą  ąą ` ąŻ‚kßbܦŻššą0 ø ąŻ  ŻņņThere€will€be€a€new€PMŌ‡É XXņŌ2.5Ō#†XņXÉ V§#Ō€National€Ambient€Air€Quality€StandardŻƒkßbܦ§݌Š!lø (#ø (# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢóóŻ‚kßb’ŻŻ  Żą  ąą ` ąŻ‚kßbØŻššą0 ø ąŻ  ŻņņThere€will€be€an€increase€in€the€use€of€fire€for€resource€management€onŠ ü"L  Šwildlands.€ŻƒkßbØ;Ø݌Š ø (#ø (# ŠŒŻ  ŻóóĢŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–©ŻŚƒŚ1Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻIntegrate€two€public€policy€goals:€Żƒ)–©-©ŻŪ€یŠĢ%!#(#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢŻ‚kßb’ŻŻ  Żą  ąą ` ąŻ‚kßbń©Żššą0 ø ąŻ  ŻProtection€of€public€health;Żƒkßbń©$Ŗ݌Ь'ü"%ø (#ø (# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢŻ‚kßb’ŻŻ  Żą  ąą ` ąŻ‚kßb²ŖŻššą0 ø ąŻ  ŻSound€ecosystem€management,€including€prescribed€fire.Żƒkßb²ŖåŖ݌ŠŒ)Ü$'ø (#ø (# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–«ŻŚƒŚ2Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻRecognize€the€need€for€the€use€of€prescribed€fire€for€resource€managementŠ l+¼&) Špurposes.€Żƒ)–«Ø«ŻŪ€یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  Ż3.ą0  ąSmoke€from€prescribed€fire€will€be€managed€with€the€goal€of€protecting€publicŠ  š Šhealth,€air€quality€and€the€environment.Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–t­ŻŚƒŚ4Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻIncreased€prescribed€burning€levels,€timing€and€location€(how€much,€where€andŠ pĄ Šwhen)€must€be€supported€by€strong€technical€bases.€(š štechnical€basesšš€meanĻecosystem,€smoke€management;€public€health€and€safety.)Żƒ)–t­­ŻŪ€یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢ5.ą0  ąThe€policies€will€address€all€sources€of€air€pollution€in€a€fair€and€equitable€fashion.Š 0 € Š(One€size€does€not€fit€all.)Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–ÜÆŻŚƒŚ6Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻAgricultural€burning€emissions€should€be€considered€in€a€separate€process.Żƒ)–ÜÆ÷ÆŻŪ€یŠP (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢ7.ą0  ąEPA's€wildland€fire€policies€will€address€the€guiding€principles€in€the€ņņFederalŠ ą0  ŠWildland€Fire€Policy€and€Program€Review.óóŠŠ (#(# ŠĢĢó óņņĢAttachment€1€(Cont.)ņ ņą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąóóŠ ą ŠĢGUIDING€PRINCIPLES€(cont.)€€ĢĢĢŲ€ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–Q²ŻŚƒŚ8Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻThere€should€be€a€strong€public€outreach€program€to€explain€both€the€use€andŠ @ Šimportance€of€prescribed€burning€for€ecosystem€management,€and€implications€toĻpublic€health€and€safety.ó óŻƒ)–Q²l²ŻŪ€یŠ p(#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢņ ņ9.ą0  ąAll€prescribed€burning€should€be€conducted€under€a€management€plan€thatŠ P Šaddresses€smoke€impacts.€(Should€be€linked€to€a€fire€management€plan€or€smokeĻmanagement€plan.)€Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€  ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–Ś“ŻŚƒŚ10Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻInclude€state,€tribal€and€local€air€pollution€control€agencies€and€the€public€early,Š Ą! Šwhen€developing€management€plans.Żƒ)–Ś“õ“ŻŪ€ یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢ11.ą0  ąRegional€planning€is€needed€to€ensure€that€all€prescribed€burning€is€coordinatedŠ $ą" Š(operational€and€long€range€planning.)Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€  ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–ē¶ŻŚƒŚ12Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻRequire€that€best€available€burning€practices€(BACM)*€are€followed€to€minimizeŠ `'°"% Šemissions€and€smoke€impacts.€BACM€to€be€determined€by€the€land€manager€and€theĻair€quality€agency€based€on€national€guidelines.€*(to€be€addressed€in€guidelinesĻdeveloped€by€the€workgroup.)Żƒ)–ē¶·ŻŪ€ یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢ13.ą0  ąAssess€existing€data€bases,€identify€gaps€and€recommend€common€elements€for€dataŠ ,`'* Šbases€of€land/resource/fire€management€information,€long€range€prescribed€burnĻplans,€and€emissions€estimating,€tracking€and€reporting€capability.Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€ ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–õ¹ŻŚƒŚ14Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻData€bases€should€be€periodically€updated€and€made€accessible€to€all€agencies,€andŠ €Š Šin€a€consistent€format.Żƒ)–õ¹ŗŻŪ€یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢ15.ą0  ąConformity€should€be€considered€and€addressed€in€an€integrated€process€(i.e.,Š P   Šconsistency€with€process€ensures€conformity.)Š (#(# ŠŌ‡XĪ-XXXņŌĢŌ#†XņXXXĪ-Ż»#Ō16.ą0  ąImplementation€of€reasonable€progress€requirements€applied€to€Class€I€areaŠ  p  Švisibility€should€be€flexible.Š (#(# ŠĢŲ€ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–ą¼ŻŚƒŚ17Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻŲ€ŲEvaluate€visibility€progress€requirements€in€conjunction€with€prescribed€burningŠ š@  Šneeds€(consider€GCVTC's€recommendations.)Żƒ)–ą¼ū¼ŻŪ€یŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻŌ‡XĪ-XXXņŌŲ€Ųó óņņĢóóņ ņŌ#†XņXXXĪ->¾#Ō18.ą0  ąProcedures€for€taking€corrective€actions€that€include€all€stakeholders€will€beŠ Ą Šestablished€in€the€event€that€improvements€are€needed€in€fire€management€plans.ó óŌ‡XĪ-XXXņŌņņа(#(# ŠĢĢĢŌ#†XņXXXĪ-mæ#ŌAttachment€1€(Cont.)ņ ņą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąóóŠ pĄ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąĢGUIDING€PRINCIPLES€(cont.)ĢĢŲ€Ų19.ą0  ąConsideration€of€costs€should€be€given€where€new€policies€recommend€or€requireŠ 0€ Šnew€efforts.Š (#(# ŠĢą0  ąą ° ą20.ą  ąPolicies€must€address€the€relationship€between€the€immediate€(economic,€humanŠ P Šhealth)€and€future€(sustainable€ecosystems)€goals,€benefits€and€effects.Š (#(# ŠŲ€ŲĢŲ€ŲŻ‚)–’ŻŻ  ŻŻ‚)–kĀŻŚƒŚ21Ś  Ś.ą0  ąŻ  ŻRecognize€the€limitations€on€planning€for€prescribed€burning.ó óŻƒ)–k†ĀŻŪ€یŠŠ (#(# ŠŒŻ  ŻĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢŠ ,`'* ЇĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢņņŌ‡XņXXXņŌĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢAttachment€2óóņ ņą0 ` ąą0ø ` (#` (#ąŠ`°ø (#ø (# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąWildland€Fire€Policy€Work€groupsĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ą€€€Structure,€Objectives,€LeadersĢó óĢThere€will€be€three€workgroups€organized€to€meet€periodically€over€the€next€12€months:ĢĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąPolicyŠP(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąScience€and€Technology€SupportŠš@(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąCommunicationsŠą0(#(# ŠņņĢóóEach€workgroup€will€have€a€chair€from€EPA€and€at€least€5€additional€members€from€theŠ Ą! Šstakeholder€agencies.€Membership€on€each€workgroup€should€reflect€a€cross„section€of€theĻstakeholder€agencies,€including€state€and€local€agencies.€Members€nominated€by€each€agencyĻshould€have€the€appropriate€expertise€and€be€able€to€commit€some€time€to€complete€the€assignedĻtasks.€Members€should€also€be€chosen€to€achieve€a€balance€of€experience€in€air€and€fire€issues,Ļeastern€and€western€areas€of€the€country,€field€and€administrative€experience.ņņŠ p&Ą!$ ŠĢóóLetters€of€nominations€should€be€sent€to€Sally€Shaver,€with€cc.€To€John€Core€by€December€6,Š P( #& Š1996.ņņŠ @)$' ŠĢPolicy€Workgroup€ObjectiveóóŠ  +p&) ŠŠ ,`'* Šņņņ ņTo€develop€a€draft€EPA€prescribed€burning€policy€in€accordance€with€the€principles€developedŠ ° Šby€the€Fire€Policy€Steering€Committeeó óóó€(approximately€10„15€pages€in€length)Š  š ŠĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąChair:€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ken€Woodard,€EPAĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąPolicy€Committee€€€€€€€Jim€Douglas,€DOIĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąLiaison:ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąŠP  Ą(#Ą(# ŠĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąAdditional€guidance€€€€Sally€Shaver,€EPAĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąProvided€by:ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąRon€Tickle,€DODŠ p Ą(#Ą(# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąMary€Jo€LavinĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢņņScience€and€Technical€Services€Workgroup€ObjectiveóóŠ š@  Šņ ņņņTo€provide€technical€support€for€policy€development,€including:Š ą0  ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ątools€needed€to€implement€the€policyŠĄ(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąthe€technical€basis€for€prescribed€burningа(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąidentification€and€satisfaction€of€information€needsŠ š(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ądata€analysisАą(#(# ŠŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żą ` ąidentification€of€existing€ongoing€technical€information€projectsŠ€Š(#(# ŠĢó óóóņņAttachment€2€(Cont.)€ņņņ ņóóŠ `° ŠĢóóó óą0  ąą0` (#(#ąą0ø ` (#` (#ąChair:ą0ø (#ø (#ąą0h(#(#ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąDwight€Atkinson,€EPA,€OPPE,€orŠ@Ą(#Ą(# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąJohn€Kennedy,€EPA,€Reg.€9Ģą  ąą ` ąą ø ąPolicy€Committeeą0 Ą ąDonna€Lamb,€USFSŠ pĄ(#Ą(# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąLiaisoną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąJohn€Core,€WESTARŠ`Ą(#Ą(# ŠĢņņCommunication€Workgroup€ObjectiveóóŠ š@ ŠĢņ ņņņŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żto€develop€the€message€(to€the€public,€using€the€work€of€the€Policy€and€S&TSŠ Š  Šcommittees€as€appropriate)Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żto€identify€other€ongoing€outreach€activities€and€coordinate€with€themŠ #š!(#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  Żto€develop€a€communications€planóóó óŠ€%Š #(#(# ŠĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąChair:ą0  ąą0h(#(#ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąTom€CurranŠ`'°"%Ą(#Ą(# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąPolicy€Committee€€€€€€€Sandra€SilvaĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąLiaison:ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąŠ@)$'Ą(#Ą(# ŠĢņņOperational€Guidance€for€Workgroup€activitiesóóŠ  +p&) ŠŠ ,`'* Šņ ņņņŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻMembers€of€the€workgroups€should€speak€for€their€respective€stakeholder€agencies,€not€€€€€€strictly€forŠ š@ ŠthemselvesŠ (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻWorkgroups€should€utilize€existing€efforts€where€available,€and€not€reinvent€projects€or€duplicate€work€that€isŠ 0€ Šongoing,Š (#(# ŠĢŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻThe€policy€recommendations€should€be€pragmatic,€and€reflect€realistic,€on„the„ground€thinking.ó óŠpĄ!(#(# ŠĢņ ņŻ ƒžŻ’Żš`šą0  ąŻ  ŻWhere€appropriate,€workgroups€may€self„organize,€form€sub„groups,€etc.€to€accomplish€tasks€as€efficiently€asŠ š@# Špractical.ó óóóа$(#(# ŠĢņņTiming€and€OperationsóóŠ 0!€& ŠWithin€the€next€4€months,€or€about€April€4,€1997,€these€workgroups€will€provide€first€drafts€of€their€work€for€review€byĻthe€Fire€Policy€Steering€Committee.€The€final€work€product€should€be€ready€to€present€to€the€FACA€by€December,€1977.ĻThe€Fire€Policy€Steering€Committee€will€assist€with€further€guidance,€as€€needed.ńńóóńńŌ#†XņXXXņ?Ć#Ō