Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants

§ § 63.116 (a) through 63.116 (c) of National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater (Subpart G) - Process vent provisions--performance test methods and procedures to determine compliance.

(a) When a flare is used to comply with § 63.113(a)(1) of this subpart, the owner or operator shall comply with the flare provisions in § 63.11(b) of subpart A of this part.

(1) The compliance determination shall be conducted using Method 22 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, to determine visible emissions.

(2) An owner or operator is not required to conduct a performance test to determine percent emission reduction or outlet organic HAP or TOC concentration when a flare is used.

(b) An owner or operator is not required to conduct a performance test when any control device specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section is used.

(1) A boiler or process heater with a design heat input capacity of 44 megawatts or greater.

(2) A boiler or process heater into which the process vent stream is introduced with the primary fuel or is used as the primary fuel.

(3) A control device for which a performance test was conducted for determining compliance with a regulation promulgated by the EPA and the test was conducted using the same methods specified in this section and either no process changes have been made since the test, or the owner or operator can demonstrate that the results of the performance test, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process changes.

(4) A boiler or process heater burning hazardous waste for which the owner or operator:

(i) Has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H, or

(ii) Has certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.

(5) A hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, or has certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 265, subpart O.

(c) Except as provided in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, an owner or operator using a control device to comply with the organic HAP concentration limit or percent reduction efficiency requirements in § 63.113(a)(2) of this subpart shall conduct a performance test using the procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section. The organic HAP concentration and percent reduction may be measured as either total organic HAP or as TOC minus methane and ethane according to the procedures specified.

(1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate, shall be used for selection of the sampling sites.

(i) For determination of compliance with the 98 percent reduction of total organic HAP requirement of § 63.113(a)(2) of this subpart, sampling sites shall be located at the inlet of the control device as specified in para-graphs (c)(1)(i)(A) and (c)(1)(i)(B) of this section, and at the outlet of the control device.

(A) The control device inlet sampling site shall be located after the final product recovery device.

(B) If a process vent stream is introduced with the combustion air or as a secondary fuel into a boiler or process heater with a design capacity less than 44 megawatts, selection of the location of the inlet sampling sites shall ensure the measurement of total organic HAP or TOC (minus methane and ethane) concentrations in all process vent streams and primary and secondary fuels introduced into the boiler or process heater.

(ii) For determination of compliance with the 20 parts per million by volume total organic HAP limit in § 63.113(a)(2) of this subpart, the sampling site shall be located at the outlet of the control device.

(2) The gas volumetric flow rate shall be determined using Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate.

(3) To determine compliance with the 20 parts per million by volume total organic HAP limit in § 63.113(a)(2) of this subpart, the owner or operator shall use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to measure either TOC minus methane and ethane or total organic HAP. Alternatively, any other method or data that has been validated according to the applicable procedures in Method 301 of appendix A of this part, may be used. The following procedures shall be used to calculate parts per million by volume concentration, correct to 3 percent oxygen:

Where:

C_ij, C_oj = Concentration of sample component j of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, dry

basis, parts per million by volume.

E_i, E_o = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP at the inlet outlet of the control device, respectively, dry basis, kilogram per hour.

M_ij, M_oj = Molecular weight of sample component j of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, gram/gram-mole.

Q_i, Q_o = Flow rate of gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respetively, dry standard cubic meter per minute.

K₂ = Constant, 2.494 x 10^-6 (parts per million)^-1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) (kilogram/gram) (minute/hour), where standard temperature (gram-mole per cubic meter) is 20 °C.

(B) Where the mass rate of TOC is being calculated, all organic pounds (minus methane and ethane) measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR part appendix A are summed using the in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(A) of this section.

(C) Where the mass rate of total organic HAP is being calculated, only the organic HAP species shall be summed using the equation in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(A) of this section. The list of HAP's is provided in table 2 of subpart F of this part.

(iii) The percent reduction in TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP shall be calculated as lows:

Where:

R = Control efficiency of control device, percent

E_i = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP at the inlet to the control device as calculated under paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section, kilograms TOC per hour or kilograms organic HAP per hour.

E_o = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP at the outlet of the control device, as calculated under paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section, kilograms TOC per hour or kilograms organic HAP per hour.

(iv) If the process vent stream entering a boiler or process heater with a design capacity less than 44 megawatts is introduced with the combustion air or as a secondary fuel, the weight-percent reduction of total organic HAP or TOC (minus methane and ethane) across the device shall be determined by comparing the TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP in all combusted vent streams and primary and secondary fuels with the TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total organic HAP exiting the combustion device, respectively.

§ § 63.120(a)(2) through 63.120(a)(3) of National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater (Subpart G) - Storage vessel provisions--procedures to determine compliance for vessels with single seal and double seal systems.

(2) For vessels equipped with a single-seal system, the owner or operator shall perform the inspections specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section.

(i) Visually inspect the internal floating roof and the seal through man-holes and roof hatches on the fixed roof at least once every 12 months after initial fill, or at least once every 12 months after the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part.

(ii) Visually inspect the internal floating roof, the seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals (if any) each time the storage vessel is emptied and degassed, and at least once every 10 years after the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part.

(3) For vessels equipped with a double-seal system as specified in § 63.119(b)(3)(iii) of this subpart, the owner or operator shall perform either the inspection required in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section or the inspections required in both paragraphs (a)(3)(ii) and (a)(3)(iii) of this section.

(i) The owner or operator shall visually inspect the internal floating roof, the primary seal, the secondary seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals (if any) each time the storage vessel is emptied and degassed and at least once every 5 years after the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part; or

(ii) The owner or operator shall visually inspect the internal floating roof and the secondary seal through man-holes and roof hatches on the fixed roof at least once every 12 months after initial fill, or at least once every 12 months after the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part, and

(iii) Visually inspect the internal floating roof, the primary seal, the secondary seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals (if any) each time the vessel is emptied and degassed and at least once every 10 years after the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part.

(i) For an external floating roof vessel equipped with primary and secondary seals, measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and the primary seal shall be performed during the hydrostatic testing of the vessel or by the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part, whichever occurs last, and at least once every 5 years thereafter.

(ii) For an external floating roof vessel equipped with a liquid-mounted or metallic shoe primary seal and without a secondary seal as provided for in § 63.119(c)(1)(iv) of this subpart, measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and the primary seal shall be per-formed by the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part and at least once per year thereafter, until a secondary seal is installed. When a secondary seal is installed above the primary seal, measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and both the primary and secondary seals shall be performed within 90 calendar days of installation of the secondary seal, and according to the frequency specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(iii) of this section thereafter.

(iii) For an external floating roof vessel equipped with primary and secondary seals, measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and the secondary seal shall be performed by the compliance date specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part and at least once per year thereafter.

(10) The owner or operator shall visually inspect the external floating roof, the primary seal, secondary seal, and fittings each time the vessel is emptied and degassed.

(i) If the external floating roof has defects; the primary seal has holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or the seal fabric; or the secondary seal has holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or the seal fabric; or the gaskets no longer close off the liquid sur-face from the atmosphere; or the slotted membrane has more than 10 per-cent open area, the owner or operator shall repair the items as necessary so that none of the conditions specified in this paragraph exist before filling or refilling the storage vessel with organic HAP.

(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(10)(iii) of this section, for all the inspections required by paragraph (b)(10) of this section, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in writing at least 30 calendar days prior to filling or refilling of each storage vessel with organic HAP to afford the Administrator the opportunity to inspect the storage vessel prior to refilling.

(iii) If the inspection required by paragraph (b)(10) of this section is not planned and the owner or operator could not have known about the inspection 30 calendar days in advance of refilling the vessel with organic HAP, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator at least 7 calendar days prior to refilling of the storage vessel. Notification may be made by telephone and immediately followed by written documentation demonstrating why the inspection was unplanned. Alter-natively, this notification including the written documentation may be made in writing and sent so that it is received by the Administrator at least 7 calendar days prior to the refilling.

(1) The owner or operator shall either prepare a design evaluation, which includes the information specified in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, or submit the results of a performance test as described in paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section.

(i) The design evaluation shall include documentation demonstrating that the control device being used achieves the required control efficiency during reasonably expected maximum filling rate. This documentation is to include a description of the gas stream which enters the control device, including flow and organic HAP content under varying liquid level conditions, and the information specified in para-graphs (d)(1)(i)(A) through (d)(1)(i)(E) of this section, as applicable.

(A) If the control device receives vapors, gases or liquids, other than fuels, from emission points other than storage vessels subject to this subpart, the efficiency demonstration is to include consideration of all vapors, gases, and liquids, other than fuels, received by the control device.

(B) If an enclosed combustion device with a minimum residence time of 0.5 seconds and a minimum temperature of 760 C is used to meet the emission reduction requirement specified in § 63.119 (e)(1) or (e)(2), as applicable, documentation that those conditions exist is sufficient to meet the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section.

(C) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(1)(i)(B) of this section, for thermal incinerators, the design evaluation shall include the autoignition temperature of the organic HAP, the flow rate of the organic HAP emission stream, the combustion temperature, and the residence time at the combustion temperature.

(D) For carbon adsorbers, the design evaluation shall include the affinity of the organic HAP vapors for carbon, the amount of carbon in each bed, the number of beds, the humidity of the feed gases, the temperature of the feed gases, the flow rate of the organic HAP emission stream, the desorption schedule, the regeneration stream pressure or temperature, and the flow rate of the regeneration stream. For vacuum desorption, pressure drop shall be included. (E) For condensers, the design evaluation shall include the final temperature of the organic HAP vapors, the type of condenser, and the design flow rate of the organic HAP emission stream.

(ii) If the control device used to com-ply with § 63.119(e) of this subpart is also used to comply with § 63.113(a)(2), § 63.126(b)(1), or § 63.139(c) of this sub-part, the performance test required by § 63.116(c), § 63.128(a), or § 63.139(d)(1) of this subpart is acceptable to demonstrate compliance with § 63.119(e) of this subpart. The owner or operator is not required to prepare a design evaluation for the control device as de-scribed in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, if the performance tests meets the criteria specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(ii)(A) and (d)(1)(ii)(B) of this section.

(A) The performance test demonstrates that the control device achieves greater than or equal to the required control efficiency specified in § 63.119 (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this subpart, as applicable; and

(B) The performance test is submitted as part of the Notification of Compliance Status required by § 63.151(b) of this subpart.

(2) The owner or operator shall submit, as part of the Notification of Compliance Status required by § 63.151 (b) of this subpart, a monitoring plan containing the information specified in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section and in either (d)(2)(ii) or (d)(2)(iii) of this section.

(i) A description of the parameter or parameters to be monitored to ensure that the control device is being properly operated and maintained, an explanation of the criteria used for selection of that parameter (or parameters), and the frequency with which monitoring will be performed (e.g., when the liquid level in the storage vessel is being raised); and either

(ii) The documentation specified in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, if the owner or operator elects to prepare a design evaluation; or

(iii) The information specified in paragraph (d)(2)(iii) (A) and (B) of this section if the owner or operator elects to submit the results of a performance test.

(A) Identification of the storage vessel and control device for which the performance test will be submitted, and

(B) Identification of the emission point(s) that share the control device with the storage vessel and for which the performance test will be conducted.

(5) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(6) of this section, each closed vent system shall be inspected as specified in § 63.148 of this subpart. The inspections required to be performed in accordance with § 63.148(c) of this subpart shall be done during filling of the storage vessel.

§63.120(b)(9) of National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater (Subpart G) - Storage vessel provisions-- notification of seal gap measurements.

(9) The owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in writing 30 calendar days in advance of any gap measurements required by paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section to afford the Administrator the opportunity to have an observer present.

§ § 63.123(a) through (d) and (f) through (h) of National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater (Subpart G) - Storage vessel provisions--recordkeeping.

(a) Each owner or operator of a Group 1 or Group 2 storage vessel shall keep readily accessible records showing the dimensions of the storage vessel and an analysis showing the capacity of the storage vessel. This record shall be kept as long as the storage vessel retains Group 1 or Group 2 status and is in operation. For each Group 2 storage vessel, the owner or operator is not required to comply with any other provisions of §§ 63.119 through 63.123 of this subpart other than those required by this paragraph unless such vessel is part of an emissions average as de-scribed in § 63.150 of this subpart.

(c) An owner or operator who elects to comply with § 63.119(b) of this sub-part shall keep a record that each inspection required by § 63.120(a) of this subpart was performed.

(d) An owner or operator who elects to comply with Sec. 63.119(c) of this subpart shall keep records describing the results of each seal gap measurement made in accordance with Sec. 63.120(b) of this subpart. The records shall include the date of the measurement, the raw data obtained in the measurement, and the calculations described in Sec. 63.120(b) (3) and (4) of this subpart.

(f) An owner or operator who elects to comply with § 63.119(e) of this subpart shall keep in a readily accessible location the records specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section.

(1) A record of the measured values of the parameters monitored in accordance with § 63.120(d)(5) of this subpart.

(2) A record of the planned routine maintenance performed on the control device including the duration of each time the control device does not meet the specifications of § 63.119 (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this subpart, as applicable, due to the planned routine maintenance. Such a record shall include the information specified in paragraphs (f)(2)(i) and (f)(2)(ii) of this section.

(i) The first time of day and date the requirements of § 63.119 (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this subpart, as applicable, were not met at the beginning of the planned routine maintenance, and

(ii) The first time of day and date the requirements of § 63.119 (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this subpart, as applicable, were met at the conclusion of the planned routine maintenance.

(g) An owner or operator who elects to utilize an extension in emptying a storage vessel in accordance with § 63.120 (a)(4), (b)(7)(ii), or (b)(8) of this subpart shall keep in a readily accessible location, the documentation specified in § 63.120 (a)(4), (b)(7)(ii), or (b)(8), as applicable.

(h) An owner or operator who uses the by-pass provisions of § 63.119(f)(3) of this subpart shall keep in a readily accessible location the records specified in paragraphs (h)(1) through (h)(3) of this section.

(1) The reason it was necessary to by-pass the process equipment or fuel gas system;

(2) The duration of the period when the process equipment or fuel gas system was by-passed;

(3) Documentation or certification of compliance with the applicable provisions of §63.119(f)(3)(i) through § 63.119(f)(3)(iii).

§ 63.148(c) of National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater (Subpart G) - Leak inspection provisions for vapor collection and closed vent systems .

(c) Each vapor collection system and closed vent system shall be inspected according to the procedures specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(5) of this section.

(1) Inspections shall be conducted in accordance with Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.

(2)(i) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, the detection instrument shall meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, except the instrument response factor criteria in section 3.1.2(a) of Method 21 shall be for the average composition of the process fluid not each individual volatile organic com-pound in the stream. For process streams that contain nitrogen, air, or other inerts which are not organic hazardous air pollutants or volatile organic compounds, the average stream response factor shall be calculated on an inert-free basis.

(ii) If no instrument is available at the plant site that will meet the performance criteria specified in para-graph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the instrument readings may be adjusted by multiplying by the average response factor of the process fluid, calculated on an inert-free basis as described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section.

(3) The detection instrument shall be calibrated before use on each day of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.

(4) Calibration gases shall be as follows:

(i) Zero air (less than 10 parts per million hydrocarbon in air); and

(ii) Mixtures of methane in air at a concentration less than 10,000 parts per million. A calibration gas other than methane in air may be used if the instrument does not respond to methane

or if the instrument does not meet the performance criteria specified in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. In such cases, the calibration gas may be a mixture of one or more of the compounds to be measured in air.

(5) An owner or operator may elect to adjust or not adjust instrument readings for background. If an owner or operator elects to not adjust readings for background, all such instrument readings shall be compared directly to the applicable leak definition to determine whether there is a leak. If an owner or operator elects to adjust instrument readings for background, the owner or operator shall measure background concentration using the procedures in §§ 63.180(b) and (c) of subpart H of this part. The owner or operator shall subtract background reading from the maximum concentration indicated by the instrument.

(6) The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration indicated by the instrument and the background level shall be compared with 500 parts per million for determining compliance.

Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants

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