WPC) n y4L9@sVLXJ*$'^){|xJa2a4v?fԥ3_S(mV'K#3G[߄+)[ΖMr&:nmNCa(9ȟjy+tϿaB(QY4i73Xϋ?(<ҝW1FkF%\L2t|] {2B tw}ʉI?;/EH9y'9QGhER/F,Z#]C/}*ė*Ry̦.Nbqg h26u9C}11)JR)-KB@owp\z݇)\~zcNɋoHA{L(Ytc;ZUb&xHڔ[+f`@,6 }#U))<)#3S:M.[n4 Ud %"n 04w@47|a`$LLetter Gothic 12pt 12 pitch11pt DA&'    0 .  V EMISSION MEASUREMENT TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER ; CONDITIONAL TEST METHOD ;   H   #|d7|a`$LLetter Gothic 12pt 12 pitch11pt DA&&d|@E&@( U$   E  EEE{$E U U!     $XX$@  EMISSIONMEASUREMENTTECHNICALINFORMATIONCENTER   @( CONDITIONALTESTMETHOD   EMISSIONMEASUREM ENTCENTER  pRE   PRELIMINARY  t  TESTMETHOD(prPRE002.)񀀀 4 @ " DeterminationofParticulateMatter \ @~~)(ScreeningProcedure)1.APPLICABILITYANDPRINCIPLE      1.1Applicability. Thismethodmaybeusedonacasebycasebasisfor ( x  determiningtheapproximateconcentrationofparticulatematter(PM)fromstationarysources.Ifdonecorrectly,theresultsmaybeasgoodasthatobtainedbyMethod5.However,becauseisokineticitycannotbeconfirmed,thismethodshouldbeusedprimarilyasascreeningmethodtodetermineconcentrationto+25percent.Themethodislimitedbythefollowing 8  conditions: 1.1.1 Temperaturesabove900$F.Thisisthelimitofthefilter. l  1.1.2 Flowrateabove5cfmorsamplingtrainvacuumabove5in.Hg.The  filterissubjecttoruptureatflowratesabovethesevalues. 1.1.3 Saturatedwetgasstreams.Thefiltermaycollapsewhenwet. @  1.2Principle. ThePMiscollectedisokineticallyusinganinstack | filterandaninstackorificemeter.ThemassofPMisdeterminedgravimetricallyandthevolumeofsampleisdeterminedfromthevelocitymeasurements.   2.APPARATUSNote: Mentionoftradenamesorspecificproductsdoesnotconstitute " endorsementbytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency. 2.1SamplingTrain. AschematicofthesamplingtrainisshowninFigure !X% 1.Mostcomponentsofthetrainareavailablecommercially;however,theorificemeterandpossiblythenozzlesmayneedtobefabricated.Itissuggestedthatallcomponentsbedesignedandarrangedtofita3in.port. 2.1.1ProbeNozzle. SameasinSection2.1.1ofMethod5,exceptnozzles $ * ofabout3/8,5/8,and1/2in.shouldbeadequate.ThenozzleshallbecalibratedasdescribedinSection5.1. 2.1.2FilterHolder. Stainlesssteel(316)withsupportbaseandclamp '#. toprovidealeaktightfitforthefiberglassthimblefilter."""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" """""" -T(5 Preparedby J.W.Brown ,EmissionMeasurementBranch EMTICCTM   002  -$)6 TechnicalSupportDivision,OAQPS,EPAMay4,1989""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page2̀ 2.1.3OrificeMeter. Stainlesssteel(316),installeddirectlybehindthefilterholder,tomeasureflowratesuptoabout5cfm.A2in.ODtubingwithanorificediameterofabout7/16in.hasbeenusedacceptably.Thepressuretapconnectionsshouldextendalongthefulllengthoftheprobeextensiontoprovidesufficientcoolingandpreventmeltingoftheflexiblemanometertubing.TheorificemetershallbecalibratedasdescribedinSection5.3. 2.1.4ProbeExtension. Rigidpipeorthickwalltubing(316stainlesssteelispreferred),ofsufficientlengthtotraversethestack. 2.1.5PitotTube. SameasinSection2.1.3ofMethod5. 2.1.6DifferentialPressureGauge. SameasinSection2.1.4ofMethod5... 2.1.7VacuumGauge. AUtubemanometer,36in.,with0.1in.divisions,orothergaugescapableofmeasuringpressureto0.1in.Hg. 2.1.8SamplingHose. Heavydutyindustrialhose(e.g.,neopreneorothermaterialresistanttocorrosivestackgases),toconnecttheprobeextensiontothesuctionblower.Thishoseshouldbeatleast1.5in.indiameterandrigidenoughtoavoidanykinkingthatwouldstoporretardsamplingflow. 2.1.9SuctionBlower. Anenclosedcentrifugalfanwithaminimumcapacityof5cfmat15in.Hgvacuum.Thesuctionblowershouldbecapableofhandlingthesampledgasesorcondensedmoisture. 2.1.10Rheostat. Toprovidevariableadjustmentofoutputvoltagefromzerotomaximumlinevoltage. 2.1.11Barometer. SameasinSection2.1.9ofMethod5. 2.1.12TemperatureGauge. SameasinSection2.3ofMethod2. 2.2SampleRecovery.2.2.1NozzleandFilterHolderCapBrush. Nylonbristles,suitablysized,withstainlesssteelwireshaftandhandle,e.g.,abrushof5/8in.diameterwithabouta6in.handlehasbeenfoundtobesuitableforthe5/8in.nozzle. 2.2.2WashBottles. SameasinSection2.2.2ofMethod5. 2.2.3SampleContainers. SameasinSection2.2.3ofMethod5. 2.3Analysis. 2.3.1GlassBeakerCovers. 2.3.2AnalyticalBalance. Tomeasureto1.0mg.EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page3 2.3.3Desiccator, GlassBeakers,Hygrometer,andTemperatureGauge. SameasinMethod5,Sections2.3.2,2.3.5,2.3.6,and2.3.7,respectively. 3.REAGENTS3.1Sampling.3.1.1Filters. Glassfiberthimblefilters1.2in.IDby3.9in.length,havingatleast99.9percentefficiencyfor0.3mparticles.Thefiltershouldbeofseamlessconstructionwithsufficientpliancytoallowaleaktightfitinthefilterholder.Thesefiltersshouldnotbeusedabovetemperaturesof900$F. 3.1.2IsopropylAlcohol,100Percent. ACSreagentgrade. 3.1.3Water. Deionizeddistilled. 3.1.4SulfuricAcid,50PercentV/V. SlowlyaddconcentratedH2SO4toanequalvolumeofwater. 3.2SampleRecovery.3.2.1Acetone. SameasinSection3.2ofMethod5. 4.PROCEDURE4.1Sampling. 4.1.1 PretestPreparation. 4.1.1.1 ThealkalicontentofthefiberglassthimblefiltersmaybehighenoughtoreactwithS03andS02tocauseapositivebias.Therefore,pretreatthesefiltersasfollows:Soakthethimblefiltersin50percentsulfuricacidat275$Ffor2hr.Soakin100percentisopropylalcoholat68$Ffor30min,andtheninwaterat176$Ffor30min.Ovendryat601$Ffor16hr.Desiccatethethimblefiltersat6810$Fforatleast24hrandweighatintervalsofatleast6hrtoaconstantweightof2mgfortwoconsecutiveweighings.Donotexposethefiltersformorethan2mintothelaboratoryatmosphere.Recordthisweighttothenearestmg. 4.1.1.2 Checkthethimblefiltersvisuallyfordamageandpinholeleaks.Labelacontainerforeachindividualfilterandkeepthefilterinthiscontaineratalltimesexceptforsamplingandweighing. 4.1.2PreliminaryDeterminations.4.1.2.1 UseMethod1toselectthesamplingsiteandnumberofsamplingpoints,excepteighttraversepointsinroundducts(fouronadiameter)andnineEMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page4traversepointsinsquareorrectangularductsmaybeusedinallcases.LocatethetraversepointsaccordingtoMethod1,exceptadjustanypointsuchthatthefilterholderortheorificemeterwouldnotbeoutsideoftheduct. 4.1.2.2 Selectasamplingtimetocollectatleast100mgofsamplesattheleveloftheemissionstandardoratotalgassamplevolumeofatleast100dscf;sampleforatleast2minperpoint.Determinethestacktemperatureandvelocitypressuretoensurethatthetemperaturelimitwouldnotbeexceededandthepropernozzlesizeisselected.Measurethestackpressure. 4.1.3PreparationofSamplingTrain. Exercisecaretopreventcontaminationofthesamplingtrain.Placethetaredthimblefilteronthesupportbaseinthefilterholder.Installthefilterclamparoundthefilteratthebase,andcarefullytightentheclampforasnugfit;becarefulnottodamagethefilter.Keepthethimblefiltercenteredonthesupportbasesothatitwillnotcontacttheinteriorfilterholdersurface.Checkthefilterfordamageaftertightening.Replacethefilterholdercoverandtighten.SetupthetrainasshowninFigure1. 4.1.4TrainFitnessCheckProcedure. Thesamplingtraincannotbeleakcheckedbyclosingofftheinletbecausethethimblefilterisfragileandsubjecttoruptureatthemaximumvacuumlevelreachedinthissamplingtrain.Therefore,checkallthecomponentsandconnectionsontheassembledtrainforaproperandsecurefit,especiallythefilterholdercover,hoseclamps,andmanometertubingconnections. 4.1.5SamplingTrainOperation.4.1.5.1 Recordallpertinentsourceandprocessdataonthedatasheet(seeFigure2).Becausethesamplingtraindoesnotincludeavolumemeter,isokineticsamplingratescannotbeconfirmed.Therefore,caremustbetakentosettheflowrate.Usingthebestestimate(fromlaboratorycalibrations)oftheorificemeterpressure(Pom),calculatetheorificemeterdifferentialpressureforisokineticsamplingusingtheequationinSection6.3. 4.1.5.2 Beforesampling,removethenozzlecoverandpositionandalignthenozzleandprobeatthefirsttraversepoint.Coveranyopeningsbetweentheprobeextensionandtheportopeningtopreventdilutingthestackgasstreamwithoutsideair.Tobeginsampling,startthesuctionblowerandimmediatelysettherheostattoachieveisokineticflow.Checkthemeterorificevacuum(VAC)andreadjustthesamplingrate,ifnecessary. 4.1.5.3 RecordsamplingdataasshowninFigure2atleastonceforeachpointsampledandenterextrareadingswhenchangesinstackorsamplingtrainconditionsrequireextraadjustmentsofthesamplingflowrate.MonitorpandVACduringtherun.Ifthevelocitychangesby10percentoriftheVACreadingchangesby2.5in.Hg,bothfromthepreviousreadings,recalculateHandreadjustthesamplingflowrate.IftheVACreaches5in.Hg,replacethefilterasneeded.ThePMcatchfortherunshallbethesumofallindividualfiltercatchesplusthenozzleandfilterholdercatch.EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page5 4.1.5.4 Traversethestackaccordingtothepatternandschedulefromthepreliminarydeterminations.Avoidcontactwiththestackwallwhensamplingnearthewallandwheninsertingorremovingtheprobetopreventcontaminationorlossofsample. 4.1.5.5 DeterminethemoisturecontentusingMethod4andthemolecularweightusingMethod3.Estimatesmaybeusedifsufficientvalidationisgiven. 4.1.5.6 Whentheruniscompleted,lettheprobeassemblycooltotouch,ifnecessary.Replacethenozzlecoverandrecheckallpipeandtubefittingsfortightness.Ifanyconnections(pipe,tubing,orclamp)canbeloosenedbyhand,voidtherunandretest. 4.2SampleRecovery.4.2.1 Removetheprobeassemblyfromthesampletrain.Drainanycondensedmoisturefromtheconnectinghose. 4.2.2 Movetheprobeassemblytothecleanupareathatiscleanandprotectedfromthewindandweather.Save(inalabeledsamplecontainer)about200mlofthecleanupsolventforblankanalysis. 4.2.3 Carefullyinspecttheprobeassemblyandfilterholderbeforerecovery.Noteanyunusualconditions.ThoroughlywipeoffallPMfromtheoutsideofthenozzleandfilterholdertopreventsamplecontamination.Removetheprobecapandtransferanyloosenozzlecatchinto ContainerNo.2 .Removethefilterholdercoverandrecoverthesampleasfollows: 4.2.3.1ContainerNo.1. Carefullyloosenthefilterclampandremovethefilterfromthesupportbase.Removetheclampandplacethefilterinitsoriginalsamplecontainerinanuprightpositiontoholdthecatch.Inspectthefilterbaseandfilterclampforadherenceofanyfiltermaterialandremovewithapairofcleantweezers.Carefullyplaceanyrecoveredfiltermaterialinsidethethimblefilter.Sealthecontainer.Maintainthisfiltercontainerinanuprightpositionduringtransferandstoragetopreventlossoffiltercatch. 4.2.3.2ContainerNo.2. Quantitativelyrecovertheremainingloosecatchfromthenozzleandfilterholdercoverinthefollowingmanner.BrushthenozzlewithacleanNylonbrushandrinsewithacetone.Brushtheinsideofthefilterholdercoverandrinsewithacetone.Alternatelyrepeatthebrushingandrinsinguntilthreecyclesarecompleted.Inspectthenozzleandcoverforthepresenceofanyresidualcatch,andrepeatthebrushingandrinsinguntilnovisiblePMremains.Rinsethecleanupbrushthoroughlytoremoveanyadheringcatch.Useadditionalsamplecontainersasneededtocollectalloftheloosecatch.Tightenthelidonthesamplecontainertopreventleakageofsolventduringhandlingandtransfer.Markthelevelofthesolventtogaugeanylossofsolventduringtransport.Labelthecontainertoidentifycontents. 4.3Analysis. RecordanalyticaldataasshowninFigure3.Handleeachsamplecontainerasfollows:EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page6 4.3.1ContainerNo.1. Inspectthefilterfordamageorlossofsampleduringshipment.Removethecontainerlidandplacecontainerinadesiccatorcontaininganhydrouscalciumsulfate.Desiccateforatleast24hrbeforeweighing.RemovethefilterfromthecontainerandweighthefilteronlytoaconstantweightasdescribedinSection4.1.1.Handlethefiltercarefullyduringanalysistoavoidlossofsampleorfiltermaterial.Reporttheresultstothenearestmg.Recoveranycatchlostfromthefilterandincludewith ContainerNo.2 analysis. 4.3.2ContainerNo.2. Inspectthecontainerforanycontentlossduringshipment.Measuretheliquidinthiscontainervolumetricallyto5ml.Transfertheentirecontentstotared,covered250mlbeaker(s)asneededtohandletheentireloosecatchrinse.UseadditionalacetonetocompletelytransferallofthePMcatchtothebeaker(s)ifnecessary.Theacetoneusedforthisshouldbefromthesamebatchofsolventusedforcleanupinthefield.Measureandrecordthequantityofadditionalsolventusedto5ml.Evaporatetheacetonetodrynessatambienttemperatureandpressure.Coverthebeakerswithglasscoverstopreventcontaminationduringevaporation.Desiccatethedriedsamplesfor24hrandweightoaconstantweight.Reporttheresultstothenearestmg.  4.3.3"SolventBlank"Container. Measurethesolventinthiscontainervolumetricallyto5ml.Transferthesolventtoatared,covered250mlbeakerandevaporatetodrynessatambienttemperatureandpressure.Desiccatefor24hrandweightoaconstantweight.Reporttheresultstothenearestmg. 5.CALIBRATION Maintainalaboratorylogofallcalibrations. 5.1ProbeNozzle. SameasinSection5.1ofMethod5. 5.2PitotTube. SameasinSection4ofMethod2. 5.3OrificeMeter . Theorificemetermustbecalibratedtodeterminetheorificecalibrationcoefficient,Km,whichisusedtocalculatetheorificemeterdifferentialpressure(H)tomatchthestackvelocitypressure(p)duringsampling.Assemblethesamplingtrainandconnecttoasuitablysizeddrygasmeter.AschematicofthecalibrationassemblyisshowninFigure4.Calibratetheorificemeterbypullingairthroughthetrainataminimumofthreedifferentdifferentialpressuresfor5minateachsetting.Thethreesettingsshallcovertheoperatingflowraterange.RecordallpertinentparametersonthecalibrationdatasheetasshowninFigure5.CalculateaKmforeachHfromtheequationgivenonthecalibrationdatasheet.TheaverageKm(avg)isusedfordeterminationoftheHduringoperationofthesamplingtrain.EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page7 6.CALCULATIONS 6Xk.1Nomenclature. ....k..pAn=crosssectionalareaofnozzle,ft2...k..pCp=pitottubecoefficient,dimensionless...k..pCs=particulateconcentration,mg/dscf...k..pDn=nozzlediameter,in...k..pH=orificemeterdifferentialpressure,in.H20...k..pp=velocitypressure,in.H20...k..pKm=orificemetercalibrationcoefficient...k..pMd=molefractionofdrygas...k..mfc=amountofPMcollectedonfilter,mg...k..mlc=amountofPMcollectedasloosecatch,mg...k..pmt=totalamountofPMcollected,mg...k..M=molecularweightofstackgas,lb/lbmole...k..pPb=barometricpressure,in.Hg...k..pPs=absolutestackpressure,in.Hg...k..Pom=orificemeterpressure,Pb󀄀VAC,in.Hg...k..pTm=orificemeterabsolutetemperature,$R...k..pTs=absoluteaveragestacktemperature,$R...k..VAC=vacuumatorificemeter,in.Hg...k..pVd=gasmetervolume,dcf...k..pVm=volumeofgascollectedatstackconditions,ft3...k..Vm(std)=volumeofgascollectedcorrectedtostandardconditions,dscf...k..pvs=stackgasvelocity,ft/min...k..=totalsamplingtime,min.EMTICCTM002 EMTICCONDITIONALTESTMETHOD 󀀀Page8 6.2OrificeCalibrationCoefficient. ̀VdTPomM7̀Km=""*E"""""E*̀E)EHTm/ 6.3OrificeMeterDifferentialPressure. ̀̀H=782.5(Cp/Km)2Dn4p(Ps/Pom) 6.4StackGasVelocity. ̀______________..vs=5128.8Cp(pTs)/(PsM) 6.5SampleVolumeasCollected. ̀Vm=Anvs 6.6DryStandardSampleVolume. ̀Vm(std)=(528VmPsMd)/(TsPb) 6.7TotalParticulateWeight. ̀mt=mmfc+mlc 6.8ParticulateConcentration. ̀Cs=mt/Vm(std) 7.BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. 0..Brown,J.W.DevelopmentandEvaluationofaMethodforScreeningofStationarySourceParticulateEmissions.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.ResearchTrianglePark,NC.January1988. 2. 0..Kelly,W.E.DevelopmentandEvaluationofanAlternateParticulateTestProcedureforAmmoniumNitrateFacilities.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.ResearchTrianglePark,NC.April1977. 3. Rom,JeromeJ.Maintenance,Calibration,andOperationofIsokinetic̀SourceSamplingEquipment.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,ResearchπTrianglePark,NC.APTD0576.March1972. 4. 󀀀Shigehara,R.T.,Smith,W.S.,andTodd,W.F.AMethodofInterpreting̀StackSamplingData,PaperPresentedatthe63rdAnnualMeetingoftheAir̀PollutionAssociation.St.Louis,MO.June1970. 5. 󀀀Alldedicatedsourcesamplerswhohaveriskedlifeandlimbandlong̀termgoodhealthdevelopingmethodsandequipmentinharshenvironments.̀