1.
Although wetlands
are considered beneficial to society, this is only from a fish and wildlife
perspective.
A.
T
B. F
2.
Wetlands are
among the most productive ecosystems in the world and manifest substantial
biodiversity.
A.
T
B.
F
3.
Wetlands in Texas,
North Carolina, and Alaska are quite similar.
A.
T
B.
F
4.
All wetland animals
spend their entire lives in wetlands.
A.
T
B.
F
5.
Two
types of food webs, the herbivore-carnivore food web and the detrital
food web, are associated with wetlands.
A.
T
B.
F
6.
The food component
driving the detrital food web is dead or decaying plant material.
A.
T
B.
F
7.
A very high percentage
of federally endangered plants and animals rely directly or indirectly
on wetlands for their survival.
A.
T
B.
F
8.
Because of their
low topographic position relative to uplands (e.g., isolated depressions,
floodplains), some wetlands function to store and slowly release surface
water, rain, snowmelt, groundwater, and flood waters.
A.
T
B.
F
9.
Although wetlands
function as indicated in question 8 above, this does little to lower
flood heights and reduce erosion downstream and on adjacent lands.
A.
T
B.
F
10.
Fish
and shellfish that depend on wetlands for food or habitat constitute
more than 75% of the commercial and 90% of the recreational harvest
in the United States.
A.
T
B.
F
11.
Wetland ecosystems are excellent study sites to learn about vegetative
structure and the various ecological functions (e.g., nutrient cycling),
natural ecological processes (e.g., plant succession), biodiversity,
and plant-animal interactions.
A.
T
B.
F
12.
The various benefits,
or values, that wetlands provide to society arise from:
A.
the
trees that inhabit almost all wetlands
B.
conversion
of wetlands to non-wetlands
C.
the
many ecological functions associated with wetlands
D.
the
abundance of waterfowl found in peatlands
13.
Wetlands are thought
of as "biological supermarkets" because:
A.
they
support microbes and insectivorous plants
B.
they
produce great quantities of food that attracts many animal species
C.
they
seldom have saturated or flooded soils
D.
they
produce mostly birds and mammals, some of which are directly consumed
by man.
14.
An
example of an animal that travels from uplands to vernal pools to breed
and lay eggs is:
A.
muskrat
B.
black
rat snake
C.
chain
pickerel
D.
tiger
salamander
15.
Biogeochemical
cycling involves:
A.
the
conversion of wetlands to uplands
B.
the
transportation of suspended sediments to estuaries and the subsequent
transformation of these sediments into rock formations over the eons through
pressure and compaction.
C.
the
biologic, physical, and chemical transformations of various nutrients
within the biota, soils, water, and air.
D.
a
shift from the herbivore-carnivore food web to the detrital food web in
estuaries.
16.
Which of the following
are released from wetlands in the gaseous form:
A.
phosphorus
and iron
B.
oxygen
and phosphorus
C.
nitrogen
and sulfur
D.
carbon
dioxide and manganese
17.
Estuaries and their coastal marshes serve as important nursery areas for
the young of many recreational (game) and commercial fish and shellfish
because:
A.
they
produce so much plant biomass and invertebrate life
B.
of the
extreme range of tides associated with these areas
C.
of the
abundant mammal populations found in coastal marshes
D.
they
support abundant insect populations
18.Two
examples of fish that subsist in freshwater wetlands that have natural
low dissolved oxygen concentrations are:
A.
flounder
and menhaden
B.
pickerel
and northern pike
C.
sea trout
and spot
D.
mud minnow
and brown bullhead
19.
Wetlands are important to humans because:
A.
they
function in flood protection by storing and slowly releasing surface water
B.
they
help improve water quality, including drinking water
C.
they
trap suspended sediments before they reach open water
D.
all of
the above
E.
none
of the above
20.
Two major recreational activities associated
with wetlands are:
A.
hunting
and birding
B.
camping
and hiking
C.
swimming
and canoeing
D.
mineral
collecting and fishing
21.
Coastal estuaries and their associated wetlands are
particularly important to the following commercial industries:
A.
housing
and golf
B.
fish
and shellfish
C.
forestry
and cranberry
D.
waterfowl
and agriculture