Title,"Figure 1. Ice Breakup Dates for Three Alaskan Rivers, 1896-2024",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Short title,Ice Breakup Dates for Three Alaskan Rivers,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Source,EPA's Climate Change Indicators in the United States: www.epa.gov/climate-indicators,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Data source,"Data sources: NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center). (2024). Nenana Ice Classic: Tanana river ice annual breakup dates (NSIDC-0064; Version 2) [Data set]. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. Retrieved November 15, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.5067/CAQ58H42LQY2; Yukon River Breakup. (2024). Yukon River breakup. Retrieved November 15, 2024, from https://yukonriverbreakup.com; Kuskokwim Ice Classic. (2024). Kuskokwim Ice Classic. Retrieved November 15, 2024, from http://iceclassic.org; National Weather Service. (2024). Alaska-Pacific River Forecast Center: Break up database. Retrieved November 15, 2024, from www.weather.gov/aprfc/breakupDB",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Short data source,"Data sources: National Snow and Ice Data Center, 20244; Yukon River Breakup, 20245; Kuskokwim Ice Classic, 20246; National Weather Service, 20247
Web update: December 2024",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Units,Days from January 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, y-axis,Breakup date,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, x-axis,Year,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025 Year interval,10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Data,Yukon River,,134,134,133.6666667,133.5555556,132.8888889,131.7777778,131.1111111,130.7777778,129.7777778,130.1111111,129.7777778,129.3333333,129,129.6666667,129.6666667,128.7777778,128.6666667,129.4444444,129.4444444,129.4444444,130.7777778,131,131,131,131.6666667,132.2222222,130.8888889,131.1111111,131,129.6666667,129.4444444,129.1111111,128.3333333,128.3333333,127.5555556,129,128.2222222,128.2222222,128.7777778,129,127.6666667,127.3333333,127,127,125.8888889,127,126.8888889,126.5555556,126.6666667,128.2222222,129.3333333,129.5555556,130.7777778,130.6666667,130.2222222,130.6666667,130.5555556,130.1111111,129.1111111,129.6666667,129.3333333,128.8888889,130.1111111,129.3333333,131.1111111,132.2222222,132.4444444,133.3333333,132.7777778,132.7777778,133,132.5555556,133.3333333,131,130.1111111,129.8888889,129.2222222,128.8888889,129,128,127.4444444,127,127.5555556,126.5555556,126.5555556,127.6666667,128.2222222,128.5555556,128.5555556,127.6666667,126.7777778,125.3333333,126.2222222,125.1111111,123.4444444,122.1111111,122,122.2222222,122.7777778,123.6666667,124.3333333,124.2222222,125.6666667,126.3333333,126.8888889,125.8888889,126.6666667,126.6666667,126.3333333,126,125.1111111,124.5555556,124,125.1111111,125.4444444,124.6666667,123.5555556,123.3333333,123.8888889,123.1111111,122.7777778,123.2222222,122.3333333,123.1111111,122.5555556,123.7777778,124,123.6666667,125, Data - date,Yukon River,,5/13/1896,5/14/1897,5/13/1898,5/13/1899,5/11/2000,5/11/2001,5/11/2002,5/10/2003,5/8/2004,5/10/2005,5/9/2006,5/9/2007,5/8/2008,5/9/2009,5/9/2010,5/8/2011,5/7/2012,5/9/2013,5/9/2014,5/9/2015,5/9/2016,5/11/2017,5/11/2018,5/11/2019,5/10/2020,5/12/2021,5/10/2022,5/11/2023,5/10/2024,5/9/2025,5/9/2026,5/9/2027,5/7/2028,5/8/2029,5/7/1930,5/9/1931,5/7/1932,5/8/1933,5/8/1934,5/9/1935,5/6/1936,5/7/1937,5/7/1938,5/7/1939,5/4/1940,5/7/1941,5/6/1942,5/6/1943,5/5/1944,5/8/1945,5/9/1946,5/9/1947,5/9/1948,5/10/1949,5/10/1950,5/10/1951,5/9/1952,5/10/1953,5/9/1954,5/9/1955,5/8/1956,5/8/1957,5/10/1958,5/9/1959,5/10/1960,5/12/1961,5/12/1962,5/13/1963,5/11/1964,5/12/1965,5/13/1966,5/12/1967,5/12/1968,5/11/1969,5/10/1970,5/9/1971,5/8/1972,5/8/1973,5/9/1974,5/8/1975,5/6/1976,5/7/1977,5/7/1978,5/6/1979,5/5/1980,5/7/1981,5/8/1982,5/8/1983,5/7/1984,5/7/1985,5/6/1986,5/5/1987,5/5/1988,5/5/1989,5/3/1990,5/2/1991,5/1/1992,5/2/1993,5/2/1994,5/3/1995,5/3/1996,5/4/1997,5/5/1998,5/6/1999,5/5/2000,5/5/2001,5/6/2002,5/6/2003,5/5/2004,5/6/2005,5/5/2006,5/4/2007,5/3/2008,5/5/2009,5/5/2010,5/4/2011,5/2/2012,5/3/2013,5/3/2014,5/3/2015,5/1/2016,5/3/2017,5/2/2018,5/2/2019,5/1/2020,5/3/2021,5/3/2022,5/3/2023,5/4/2024, Data,Tanana River,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,127.4,127.9111111,128.0888889,128.6,128.5555556,128.1111111,128.3333333,128.7777778,128,127.6666667,127.4444444,126.6666667,126.2222222,125.4444444,127.5555556,126.2222222,126.7777778,126.8888889,125.8888889,123.7777778,123.8888889,123,122.7777778,121.6666667,123.3333333,122.5555556,122.2222222,123.8888889,126.4444444,126.7777778,126.7777778,128.4444444,127.7777778,126.6666667,127.1111111,127,126,124.3333333,124.5555556,124.8888889,124,125.4444444,125.3333333,126.6666667,127.2222222,127.5555556,128.1111111,128.2222222,127.6666667,127.5555556,127.1111111,127.7777778,125.8888889,125.7777778,126,125.8888889,125.5555556,125.7777778,125.3333333,124.4444444,123.2222222,123.8888889,123.1111111,123.1111111,124,124.2222222,124.7777778,124.5555556,124.6666667,124,123,124.7777778,122.8888889,121.5555556,120.2222222,120.3333333,120.5555556,119.3333333,119.8888889,120,119.2222222,120.7777778,120.7777778,120.6666667,119.7777778,120,120.7777778,121.6666667,121.5555556,120.5555556,120.2222222,119.6666667,122.4444444,122.1111111,121.2222222,120.8888889,120.2222222,120.2222222,118.5555556,117.8888889,118.5555556,116.5555556,118,118.4444444,119.2444444,119.2666667,119.2888889,121.2, Data - date,Tanana River,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,5/7/2017,5/7/2018,5/8/2019,5/7/2020,5/8/2021,5/8/2022,5/8/2023,5/7/2024,5/8/2025,5/7/2026,5/7/2027,5/5/2028,5/6/2029,5/5/1930,5/7/1931,5/5/1932,5/6/1933,5/6/1934,5/5/1935,5/2/1936,5/3/1937,5/3/1938,5/2/1939,4/30/1940,5/3/1941,5/2/1942,5/2/1943,5/2/1944,5/6/1945,5/6/1946,5/6/1947,5/7/1948,5/7/1949,5/6/1950,5/7/1951,5/6/1952,5/6/1953,5/4/1954,5/4/1955,5/3/1956,5/4/1957,5/5/1958,5/5/1959,5/5/1960,5/7/1961,5/7/1962,5/8/1963,5/7/1964,5/7/1965,5/7/1966,5/7/1967,5/6/1968,5/5/1969,5/5/1970,5/6/1971,5/4/1972,5/5/1973,5/5/1974,5/5/1975,5/3/1976,5/3/1977,5/3/1978,5/3/1979,5/2/1980,5/4/1981,5/4/1982,5/4/1983,5/3/1984,5/4/1985,5/4/1986,5/3/1987,5/3/1988,5/2/1989,5/1/1990,4/30/1991,4/29/1992,4/30/1993,4/29/1994,4/29/1995,4/29/1996,4/29/1997,4/30/1998,4/30/1999,4/29/2000,4/29/2001,4/30/2002,4/30/2003,4/30/2004,5/1/2005,4/30/2006,4/30/2007,4/28/2008,5/2/2009,5/2/2010,5/1/2011,4/29/2012,4/30/2013,4/30/2014,4/28/2015,4/26/2016,4/28/2017,4/26/2018,4/26/2019,4/26/2020,4/27/2021,4/27/2022,4/29/2023,4/30/2024, Data,Kuskokwim River,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,131.4,131.6888889,132.3111111,132.7111111,132.8888889,131.5,129.125,131.375,133.25,134.25,132.875,132.2857143,129.4285714,128.4285714,128.875,130.375,130.25,130.875,131.5,133.25,133.8888889,137.2222222,138.5555556,138,139.4444444,138.6666667,137,136.3333333,136.1111111,134.7777778,133.2222222,133.5555556,134.8888889,131.7777778,134.2222222,134.7777778,136.5555556,136.75,139.875,139.25,138.5,136.875,138.25,137.75,139.25,136.625,135.5555556,134,135.4444444,136.3333333,136.6666667,135.7777778,134.1111111,132.3333333,132.7777778,133.2222222,132.7777778,133.4444444,132.4444444,133.4444444,134.3333333,134.5555556,134.3333333,133.2222222,134.7777778,133.4444444,131.4444444,130.5555556,129.6666667,128.5555556,128,129.3333333,129.6666667,128.6666667,130,129.4444444,129.1111111,129,131.3333333,131,130.5555556,130.3333333,130.4444444,130.1111111,131.6666667,134.5555556,133.7777778,131.6666667,130.3333333,129.4444444,128.6666667,124.7777778,124,122.8888889,120.2222222,122.2222222,122.7777778,124.7555556,125.0666667,125.8222222,128.8, Data - date,Kuskokwim River,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,5/10/2024,5/11/2025,5/12/2026,5/12/2027,5/11/2028,5/11/2029,5/9/1930,5/11/1931,5/12/1932,5/14/1933,5/12/1934,5/12/1935,5/8/1936,5/8/1937,5/8/1938,5/10/1939,5/9/1940,5/10/1941,5/11/1942,5/13/1943,5/12/1944,5/17/1945,5/18/1946,5/18/1947,5/18/1948,5/18/1949,5/17/1950,5/16/1951,5/15/1952,5/14/1953,5/13/1954,5/13/1955,5/13/1956,5/11/1957,5/14/1958,5/14/1959,5/15/1960,5/16/1961,5/19/1962,5/19/1963,5/17/1964,5/16/1965,5/18/1966,5/17/1967,5/18/1968,5/16/1969,5/15/1970,5/14/1971,5/14/1972,5/16/1973,5/16/1974,5/15/1975,5/13/1976,5/12/1977,5/12/1978,5/13/1979,5/11/1980,5/13/1981,5/12/1982,5/13/1983,5/13/1984,5/14/1985,5/14/1986,5/13/1987,5/13/1988,5/13/1989,5/11/1990,5/10/1991,5/8/1992,5/8/1993,5/8/1994,5/9/1995,5/8/1996,5/8/1997,5/10/1998,5/9/1999,5/8/2000,5/9/2001,5/11/2002,5/11/2003,5/9/2004,5/10/2005,5/10/2006,5/10/2007,5/10/2008,5/14/2009,5/13/2010,5/11/2011,5/9/2012,5/9/2013,5/8/2014,5/4/2015,5/3/2016,5/2/2017,4/30/2018,4/29/2019,4/28/2020,4/30/2021,4/29/2022,5/5/2023,5/7/2024,