Science & Technology

Monitoring Well Development Guidelines for Superfund Project Managers

This document provides well development guidelines and recommended additional sources of information. It was developed by the Superfund Ground Water Forum and draws upon U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
and draft RCRA SW-846 field protocols. Comments..

Behavior of Metals in Soils

One of the major issues of concern to the Forum is the mobility of metals in soils as related to subsurface remediation. For the purposes of this Issue Paper, those metals most commonly found at Superfund sites will be discussed in terms of the processes..

Potential Sources of Error in Groundwater Sampling at Hazardous Wastes Sites

The introduction of error during ground-water sampling is an issue identified by the Forum as a concern of Superfund decision makers.

Fundamentals of Ground-Water Modeling

This paper presents an overview of the essential components of ground-water flow and contaminant transport modeling in saturated porous media. While fractured rocks and fractured porous rocks may behave like porous media with respect to many flow and...

Evaluation of Soil Venting Application

The ability of soil venting to inexpensively remove large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated soils is well established. However, the time required using venting to remediate soils to low contaminant levels often required by..

TCE Removal From Contaminated Soil and Ground Water

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halogenated aliphatic organic compound which, due to its unique properties and solvent effects, has been widely used as an ingredient in industrial cleaning solutions and as a “universal” degreasing agent.

Chemical Enhancements to Pump-and-Treat Remediation

The intent of this document is to explore the use of chemical enhancement to improve groundwater remediation efficiencies using pump-and-treat technologies, and point out arenas of contamination where such techniques are not practical.

Suggested Operating Procedures for Aquifer Pumping Tests

This document is intended as a primer, describing the process for the design and performance of an “aquifer test” (how to obtain reliable data from a pumping test) to obtain accurate estimates of aquifer parameters.

Natural Attenuation of Hexavalent Chromium in Groundwater and Soils

Concerns about the impact of chromium on human health and the environment require an evaluation of the potential risk of chromium entering the groundwater flow system and being transported beyond compliance boundaries.

Nonaqueous Phase Liquids Compatibility With Materials Used in Well Construction, Sampling, and Remediation

This issue paper provides a comprehensive literature review regarding the compatibility of NAPLs with a wide variety of materials used at hazardous waste sites

Light Nonaquaeous Liquids

This issue paper focuses on transport, fate, characterization, and remediation of LNAPLs in the environment.

Low-Flow (Minimal Drawdown) Ground-Water Sampling Procedures

This paper is intended to provide background information on the development of low-flow sampling procedures and its application under a variety of hydrogeologic settings.

How Heat Can Enhance In-Situ Soil and Aquifer Remediation

The purpose of this Issue Paper and the three companion Issue Papers (Davis, 1997a, b, c) is to provide to those involved in assessing remediation technologies some basic information on the thermal remediation techniques.

Steam Injection For Soil And Aquifer Remediation

The purpose of this Issue Paper is to provide to those involved in assessing remediation technologies for specific sites basic technical information on the use of steam injection for the remediation of soils and aquifers that are contaminated by...

Fundamentals of Soil Science as Applicable to Management of Hazardous Wastes

This paper summarizes the basic concepts of soil science as related to the management of hazardous wastes and serves as a foundation from which to build a thorough understanding of soil processes.

Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Ground Water at Hazardous Waste Sites

The purpose of this issue paper is to provide a concise discussion of the processes associated with the use of phytoremediation as a cleanup or containment technique for remediation of hazardous waste sites. Introductory material on plant processes is ...