Science & Technology
-
Natural Attenuation of Hexavalent Chromium in Groundwater and Soils
Concerns about the impact of chromium on human health and the environment require an evaluation of the potential risk of chromium entering the groundwater flow system and being transported beyond compliance boundaries.
-
Suggested Operating Procedures for Aquifer Pumping Tests
This document is intended as a primer, describing the process for the design and performance of an “aquifer test” (how to obtain reliable data from a pumping test) to obtain accurate estimates of aquifer parameters.
-
Chemical Enhancements to Pump-and-Treat Remediation
The intent of this document is to explore the use of chemical enhancement to improve groundwater remediation efficiencies using pump-and-treat technologies, and point out arenas of contamination where such techniques are not practical.
-
TCE Removal From Contaminated Soil and Ground Water
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halogenated aliphatic organic compound which, due to its unique properties and solvent effects, has been widely used as an ingredient in industrial cleaning solutions and as a “universal” degreasing agent.
-
Evaluation of Soil Venting Application
The ability of soil venting to inexpensively remove large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated soils is well established. However, the time required using venting to remediate soils to low contaminant levels often required by..
-
Fundamentals of Ground-Water Modeling
This paper presents an overview of the essential components of ground-water flow and contaminant transport modeling in saturated porous media. While fractured rocks and fractured porous rocks may behave like porous media with respect to many flow and...
-
Potential Sources of Error in Groundwater Sampling at Hazardous Wastes Sites
The introduction of error during ground-water sampling is an issue identified by the Forum as a concern of Superfund decision makers.
-
Behavior of Metals in Soils
One of the major issues of concern to the Forum is the mobility of metals in soils as related to subsurface remediation. For the purposes of this Issue Paper, those metals most commonly found at Superfund sites will be discussed in terms of the processes..
-
Monitoring Well Development Guidelines for Superfund Project Managers
This document provides well development guidelines and recommended additional sources of information. It was developed by the Superfund Ground Water Forum and draws upon U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
and draft RCRA SW-846 field protocols. Comments.. -
Reductive Dehalogenation of Organic Contaminants in Soils and Ground Water
Reductive dehalogenation is a process which may prove to be of paramount importance in dealing with a particularly persistent class of contaminants often found in soil and ground water at superfund sites.
-
Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquids
This issue paper is a literature evaluation focusing on DNAPLs and provides an overview from a conceptual fate and transport point of view of DNAPL phase distribution, monitoring, site characterization, remediation, and modeling.
-
Characterizing Soils for Hazardous Waste Site Assessment
Soil characterization at hazardous waste sites
-
Basic Concepts of Contaminant Sorption at Hazardous Waste Sites
This paper summarizes the basic concepts of sorption in soil and ground water with emphasis on nonpolar organic contaminants.
-
Ground Water Sampling for Metal Analyses
Filtration of ground-water samples for metals analysis is an issue identified by the Forum as a concern of Superfund decision-makers. Inconsistency in EPA Superfund cleanup ractices occurs where one EPA Region implements a remedial action based on...
-
Accuracy of Depth to Water Measurements
Accuracy of depth to water measurements is an issue identified by the Forum as a concern of Superfund decision-makers as they attempt to determine directions of ground-water flow, areas of recharge or discharge, the hydraulic characteristics of...
-
Contaminant Transport in Fractured Media: Models for Decision Makers
This paper summarizes the current status of modeling ground-water flow and contaminant transport in fractured rock systems.
-
Performance Evaluations of Pump-and-Treat Remediations
Recent research has led to a better understanding of the complex chemical and physical processes controlling the movement of contaminants through the subsurface, and the ability to pump such contaminants...
-
In-Situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Ground Water
This document is one in a series of Ground Water Issue papers which have been prepared in response to needs expressed by the Ground Water Forum. It is based on findings from the research community in concert with experience gained at sites undergoing ...
-
ECO Update / Groundwater Forum Issue Paper: Evaluating Ground-Water/Surface-Water Transition Zones in Ecological Risk Assessments
This ECO Update builds on the standard approach to ERA (U.S. EPA 1997), by providing a framework for incorporating groundwater/surface-water (GW/SW) interactions into existing ERAs (see U.S. EPA 1997 and 2001a for an introduction to ecological risk....
-
Facilitated Transport
Facilitated transport is an issue identified by the forum as a concern of Superfund decision-makers. Any process that has the potential to speed the transport of a pollutant beyond ...