Science & Technology

Appendix B: Summary of TEM Particle Size Distribution Datasets

As discussed in the main text (see Section 5.3.2), calculation of the concentration of asbestos fibers in each of the bins of potential interest requires particle size distribution data derived using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Appendix C: Characterization of Uncertainty and Bias in Asbestos Epidemiological Data

Each of the epidemiological studies utilized in the fitting exercise described in this report provide data on the level of cumulative exposure in groups of workers and on the incidence of lung cancer or mesothelioma observed in those workers.

Proposed Approach for Estimation of BIN-Specific Cancer Potency Factors for Inhalation Exposure to Asbestos

Inhalation exposure to asbestos increases the risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma in humans.

Guidance for Data Useability in Risk Assessment: Quick Reference Fact Sheet, September, 1990

The guidance manual provides direction for planning and assessing analytical data collection activities for the baseline human health risk assessment, conducted as part of the Remedial Investigation (RI) process.

Guidance for Data Useability in Risk Assessment (Part A-10a), Final, April, 1992

The purpose of this appendix is to familiarize the reader with the variety of EPA methods that are available for analysis of pollutants of concern in risk assessment.

Guidance for Data Useability in Risk Assessment (Part A-7), Final, April, 1992

This chapter provides guidance for integrating the assessment of data useability to determine the overall level of uncertainty of risk assessment.

Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments, Appendix A, June, 1997

Example ecological risk assessments for hypothetical sites

Release of Guidance for Developing Ecological Soil Screening Levels

These nine contaminant-specific documents and all the supporting attachments for the guidance are available at http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/ecossl/

Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments, Step 5-glossary, June, 1997

The primary purpose of field verification of the sampling plan is to ensure that the samples specified by the SAP actually can be collected.

Ecological Assessment of Superfund Sites: An Overview

ECO Updates are a series of intermittent bulletins intended to facilitate ecological assessment of Superfund sites.

Catalogue of Standard Toxicity Tests for Ecological Risk Assessment

The aquatic toxicity tests described here are the most commonly used tests and are highly standardized.

Field Studies for Ecological Risk Assessment

Ecological risk assessments of Superfund sites evaluate the actual or potential effects of site contaminants on plants and animals and assess the need for remediation

Selecting and Using Reference Information in Superfund Ecological Risk Assessments

Reference information, as used in this Bulletin, is data of a comparative nature needed by investigators to evaluate the environmental condition of a Superfund site.

Ecological Significance and Selection of Candidate Assessment Endpoints

This bulletin provides guidance to Superfund risk assessors and risk managers on planning ecological risk assessments (ERAs) at Superfund sites.

Region 8 Superfund Technical Guidance: Evaluating and Identifying Contaminants of Concern for Human Health

Regional guidance intended to clarify the evaluation process for selecting contaminants of concern for the human health risk baseline risk assessment process at Superfund sites. Sep. 1994

Example RAGS D Tables for Chemicals with a Mutagenic Mode of Action for Carcinogenicity (Revision 2.0, December 2007)

Example RAGS D tables for chemicals with a mutagenic mode of action for carcinogenicity

Example Calculations of Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRGs) for Benzidene Across Multiple Exposure Pathways Using Age-Dependent Adjustment Factors, Draft (Revision 1.0, December 2007)

Example preliminary remediation goal (PRG) calculations for exposure to benzidene in soil and water by both the ingestion and dermal exposure pathways using age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs)

Example Calculations of Preliminary Remediation Goals for Benzo[a]pyrene Using Age-Dependent Adjustment Factors, Draft

Example preliminary remediation goal (PRG) calculations for exposure to benzo[a]pyrene in soil and water by ingestion using age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs)

OSWER Directive 9200.1-120

Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors issued by EPA's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, know referred to as the Office of Land and Emergency Management (OLEM).

Tier 3 Toxicity Value White Paper

The purpose of this white paper is to articulate the issues pertaining to Tier 3 toxicity values and provide recommendations on processes that will improve the transparency and consistency of identifying, evaluating, selecting, and documenting Tier 3 toxicity values for use in the Superfund and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) programs. This white paper will be used to assist regional risk assessors in selecting Tier 3 toxicity values as well as provide the foundation for future regional and national efforts to improve guidance and policy on Tier 3 toxicity values.