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  2. The Great Lakes

Great Lakes Restoration Initiative

What is the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative? 

The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative was launched in 2010 as a non-regulatory program to accelerate efforts to protect and restore the largest system of fresh surface water in the world and to accelerate progress toward the most critical long-term goals for this important ecosystem.

The GLRI has majorly improved local communities and economies by restoring areas with severe environmental degradation. The GLRI has helped tourism flourish, increased recreational activities, and led to new residential and business developments.  

Federal agencies use GLRI resources to strategically target the biggest threats to the Great Lakes ecosystem and to accelerate progress toward long term goals. Combining GLRI resources with agency base budgets, GLRI agencies work with nonfederal partners to implement protection and restoration projects.  

Logos of the Regional Working Group that coordinates GLRI activities and makes recommendations on how to implement the policies, strategies, projects and priorities of the Task Force.
Federal agencies involved in Regional Working Group activities. 

Projects are funded based on GLRI priorities and after extensive discussion between the 16 federal GLRI agencies, including input from the states, Tribes, and other partners. Examples of projects include removing contaminated sediment from historically polluted areas, reestablishing fisheries critical to the economy, and working with farmers to develop cost-effective ways to prevent phosphorous runoff.

Learn more about partners, projects, results, and Action Plan IV

Focus Areas

Action Plan IV provides a roadmap for how EPA and the other federal agencies will address the most pressing issues in the Great Lakes during fiscal years 2025-2029. Action Plan IV outlines objectives, commitment, and measures across five Focus Areas.

  1. Toxic Substances and Areas of Concern
  2. Invasive Species 
  3. Nonpoint Source Pollution Impacts on Nearshore Health
  4. Habitats and Species 
  5. Foundations for Future Restoration Actions

Fast Facts

  • EPA leads an interagency group of 16 federal agencies to implement the GLRI
  • 8,100+ projects since the start of GLRI
  • $4B+ in funding for these projects
  • Every GLRI dollar spent produces $3.35 of additional economic activity
  • 7 AOCs have been delisted since the start of the GLRI (8 total)
  • 123 BUIs have been removed since the start of the GLRI (133 total)
  • 2.65M+ lbs of phosphorus prevented from entering the Great Lakes
  • 557,000+ acres of habitat restored and protected
  • 303,000+ terrestrial and aquatic acres where actions were taken to control invasive species

The Great Lakes

  • The Great Lakes
    • Great Lakes Facts and Figures
    • Physical Features
  • Contaminated Sediment
  • Invasive Species
  • Water Quality
  • Related Information
Contact Us about the Great Lakes
Contact Us about the Great Lakes to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on April 7, 2026
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