Protecting Underground Sources of Drinking Water from Underground Injection (UIC)

  • Underground Injection

    EPA regulates the construction, operation, permitting, and closure of injection wells used to place fluids underground for storage or disposal.  Learn more about injection well types.

  • Hydraulic fracturing with diesel fuels

    EPA has program requirements for permitting underground injection of diesel fuels in hydraulic fracturing to ensure protection of underground sources of drinking water (USDWs). Learn more about the permitting requirements.

  • Geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide

    EPA has finalized requirements that address carbon dioxide injection for long-term storage to ensure that wells used for geologic sequestration are appropriately sited, constructed, tested, monitored, funded, and closed. Read more about Class VI wells.

This website contains information for owners and operators of injection wells, regulators, and the public about safe injection well operations to prevent the contamination of underground sources of drinking water. 

UIC Topics in the Spotlight

UIC Where You Live

EPA has ten regional offices. Each regional office oversees local state, territory, and tribal UIC activities. Select your state from the menu below, or click on your region to find local UIC information about:

  • Public notices
  • Permitting and registration
  • Tribal concerns
  • Regional UIC guidance documents
  • Contacts

Map of the US, split into EPA regions

Region 1: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont Region 2: New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands Region 3: Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia Region 4: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee Region 5: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin Region 6: Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas Region 7: Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska Region 8: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakaota, Utah, Wyoming Region 9: Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Pacific Islands Region 10: Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington

Additional Resources

Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on March 25, 2025