Municipalities, Small Business and Agriculture: The Challenge of Meeting Environmental Responsibilities (1988)

Paper Number: EE-0307

Document Date: 09/01/1988

Author(s):   Reports Available from EPA's National Service Center for Environmental Publications

• Main Report:  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
• Municipal Sector:  Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Inc.
• Agricultural Sector: Terry M. Dinan, Craig Simons, Roger Lloyd
• Small Business Sector:  Lyman H. Clark and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc.

Subject Area(s):

Economic Analysis, Regulatory Impact Analysis, Local Government, Agriculture, Small Business

Keywords: Economic Analysis, Regulatory Impact Analysis, Local Government, Agriculture, Small Business, Cumulative Cost

Abstract: 

This series includes three studies designed to look at the combined impacts of EPA's new regulations upon municipalities, small business, and agriculture. The three studies examined 85 environmental regulations that had the potential for large and far reaching impacts. The studies provide a reading on the potential impacts of the new environmental programs and suggested several potential policy initiatives that may prove useful. In addition to the sector-specific studies, there is a fourth report that summarizes the findings of the three studies and provides

This paper is part of the  Environmental Economics Research Inventory.

• Municipalities, Small Business, and Agriculture: The Challenge of Meeting Environmental Responsibilities (1988) (pdf) (3.67 MB, 09/01/1988, EE-0307, EPA-230-09-88-037)
  This study summarizes the findings of three studies designed to look at the combined impacts of EPA's new regulations upon municipalities, small business, and agriculture. The three studies examined 85 environmental regulations that had the potential for large and far reaching impacts. The three studies provide a reading on the potential impacts of the new environmental programs and suggested several potential policy initiatives that may prove useful.
• The Municipal Sector Study: Impacts of Environmental Regulations on Municipalities (1988) (pdf) (1.23 MB, 09/01/1988, EE-0307, EPA-230-09-88-038)
  This 1988 study examined the impacts of 22 environmental regulations that municipalities would then have had to comply with in the near future. The study calculated the increases in user charges per household, and the ability of municipalities to raise needed capital by issuing revenue and general obligation bonds--the two principal means of obtaining capital.
• The Agricultural Sector Study: Impacts of Environmental Regulations on Agriculture (1988) (pdf) (1.58 MB, 09/01/1988, EE-0307, EPA-230-09-88-040)
  This study, part of a larger study shown above, examines the cumulative impact of recent and proposed future environmental regulations on the financial condition of farms in the United States. The regulations included in the analysis were those that have been undertaken since 1982 or were anticipated to occur by 1992 and have a direct impact on agriculture. The primary goal of the study was examine the impact of these actions on the profitability of U.S. farms and their ability to survive.
• The Small Business Sector Study: Impacts of Environmental Regulations on Small Business (1988) (pdf) (522.37 KB, 09/01/1988, EE-0307, EPA-230-09-88-039)
  This study, part of the larger series shown above, investigates the potential impact upon small businesses of the environmental regulations which were to become effective during the five year period 1988 through 1992. The study first examines how these regulations might affect small businesses in general, and then examines in more detail the impacts upon selected industries. The final chapter summarizes the findings and highlights some potential problem areas.