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  2. Water Reuse

Completed WRAP Action Summaries

This page features summaries of actions that were completed as part of the National Water Reuse Action Plan (WRAP) collaborative. The documents were developed in coordination with action leaders and highlight action accomplishments, impact, and potential future activities. Additional information about each action is available in the WRAP Online Platform.

  • Action 1.1: Develop Federal Policy Statement to Support Consideration of Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 1.1 Summary (pdf) (395.39 KB, April 2021)
  • Action 1.6: Address Barriers to Water Reuse in Agriculture Through Improved Communication and Partnerships
    • Completed WRAP Action 1.6 Summary (pdf) (404.92 KB, April 2024)
  • Action 2.3: Complete the EPA Study of Oil and Gas Extraction Wastewater Management
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.3 Summary (pdf) (253.18 KB, April 2021)
  • Action 2.6: Develop Materials on how CWA NPDES Permits can Facilitate Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.6 Summary (pdf) (531.92 KB, April 2023)
  • Action 2.9: Align Policies and Communication Tools to Promote Best Management of Unused and Expired Pharmaceuticals to Support Water Reuse and Recycling 
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.9 Summary (pdf) (236.56 KB, June 2022)
  • Action 2.15: Conduct Outreach and Training with Tribes to Build Water Reuse Capacity
    • ​​ Completed WRAP Action 2.15 Summary (pdf) (274.3 KB, July 2021)
  • Action 2.16: Support Local and Regional Reuse Projects by Identifying Challenges, Opportunities, and Models for Interagency Collaboration
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.16 Summary (pdf) (200.77 KB, January 2023)
  • Action 2.17: Propose U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Nationwide Permit Addressing Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.17 Summary (pdf) (200.94 KB, September 2022)
  • Action 2.18: Incorporate Onsite Reuse Research into Codes and Standards for Premise Plumbing
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.18 Summary (pdf) (231.52 KB, July 2024)
  • Action 2.19: Advance Strategies for Permitting Innovative Wastewater Management Practices and Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 2.19 Summary (pdf) (273.74 KB, June 2025)
  • Action 3.3: Convene Experts to Address Opportunities and Challenges Related to Urban Stormwater Capture and Use
    • Completed WRAP Action 3.3 Summary (pdf) (203.16 KB, January 2023)
  • Action 4.3: Support Water Reuse Through DOE’s Water Security Grand Challenge
    • Completed WRAP Action 4.3 Summary (pdf) (182.66 KB, July 2022)
  • Action 4.6: Implement and Manage the NAWI Energy-Water Desalination Hub
    • Completed WRAP Action 4.6 Summary (pdf) (660.57 KB, April 2023)
  • Action 5.2: Identify Water Quality Monitoring Practices for Reuse Applications
    • Completed WRAP Action 5.2 Summary (pdf) (258.86 KB, October 2024)
  • Action 5.7: Identify Opportunities to Implement Water Reuse within the Beverage Industry
    • Completed WRAP Action 5.7 Summary (pdf) (297.62 KB, January 2025)
  • Action 6.1: Compile Federal Funding Sources and Develop Interagency Decision Tool
    • Completed WRAP Action 6.1 Summary (pdf) (187.51 KB, July 2022)
  • Action 6.2A: Communicate Eligibility of Water Reuse in SRF Programs
    • Completed WRAP Action 6.2A Summary (pdf) (174.1 KB, October 2022)
  • Action 6.2B: Support and Communicate WIFIA Funding
    • Completed WRAP Action 6.2B Summary (pdf) (476.5 KB, April 2021)
  • Action 6.4: Compile and Promote Existing USDA Resources for Rural Communities
    • Completed WRAP Action 6.4 Summary (pdf) (629.77 KB, April 2023)
  • Action 6.6: Study the Public Benefit of a Potential Water Reuse Tax Credit to Support Private Investment in Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 6.6 Summary (pdf) (391.62 KB, June 2025)
  • Action 7.5: Coordinate and Promote Water Reuse Technology in Federal SBIR Programs
    • Completed WRAP Action 7.5 Summary (pdf) (236.84 KB, July 2022)
  • Action 8.1: Compile and Develop Water Reuse Program Outreach and Communication Materials
    • Completed WRAP Action 8.1 Summary (pdf) (263.25 KB, October 2024)
  • Action 8.4: Establish a Water Reuse Champion Award Program for Private Sector Companies
    • Completed WRAP Action 8.4 Summary (pdf) (242.66 KB, January 2024)
  • Action 8.5: Engagement with Economically Disadvantaged and Rural Communities on Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 8.5 Summary (pdf) (273.29 KB, October 2023)
  • Action 11.1: Facilitate U.S.-Israel Collaboration on Water Reuse
    • Completed WRAP Action 11.1 Summary (pdf) (471.82 KB, April 2023)
  • Action 11.2: Raise Global Awareness and Preparedness for Water Reuse and the WRAP
    • Completed WRAP Action 11.2 Summary (pdf) (294.98 KB, January 2022)
  • Action 11.3: Develop and Highlight Case Studies Relevant to the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework
    • Completed WRAP Action 11.3 Summary (pdf) (389.86 KB, January 2024)

Water Reuse

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Last updated on June 16, 2025
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