Superfund Sites in Reuse in Indiana
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American Chemical Service, Inc.
The 23-acre American Chemical Service, Inc. Superfund site is in Griffith, Indiana. American Chemical Service, Inc. ran a solvent recovery firm, a chemical manufacturer and a chemical drum reconditioning business on site starting in 1955. Improper waste disposal practices contaminated groundwater, surface water and soil. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Cleanup included treatment of contaminated groundwater, soil and sediment. It also removed chemical drums and debris. Long-term groundwater and well monitoring are ongoing. American Chemical Service, Inc. continues to make specialty chemicals at its facility on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 25 people and generated an estimated $7,880,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Augustus Hook Property
The 13-acre Augustus Hook Property Superfund site is in Frankfort, Indiana. Porcelain enamel manufacturer Ingram-Richardson, Inc. operated next to the site until 1981. Ingram-Richardson, Inc. bought the property in 1953. It began using it as a disposal area sometime after 1953. Site operators disposed of various plant wastes in a 4-to-6-acre wetland area at the site. These disposal practices resulted in the contamination of area soil and groundwater. Cleanup activities included removal of toxic materials, backfilling of the wetland area with clean clay and groundwater treatment. In 2006, after cleanup finished, EPA issued a Ready for Reuse Determination. The document states that the site’s remedy is protective for unrestricted commercial, industrial and recreational use. Based on current zoning, the reasonably anticipated future land use for the site is commercial. A gravel parking area and small pond are on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Beck's Lake
The 45-acre Beck’s Lake Superfund site is in South Bend, Indiana. A dump and landfill were on site from about 1938 through the mid-1950s. Many companies, including Bendix Corporation, and people dumped a variety of materials containing hazardous substances there. In 2001, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) found contamination in soil samples. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in December 2013. EPA, Honeywell International and the city of South Bend led investigations to better understand site conditions and the extent of contamination. In October 2022, Honeywell International and the city completed a short-term cleanup, with EPA oversight. Cleanup activities included removing contaminated soil, backfilling areas with clean soil, and capping some of the areas. Today, land uses at the site include recreational, ecological, public service and industrial areas. A fabrication, welding and laser plant is active on site. LaSalle Park offers recreation and ecological amenities. It includes basketball, tennis, and softball courts, a picnic area, playgrounds, and a walking trail around Beck’s Lake. A community center reopened on site in November 2018 after renovations. It includes a gymnasium, a community kitchen, a computer lab and a game room. It offers daily programs and activities for all ages, including tutoring, computer classes, fitness classes and special events. For seniors, it offers healthy meals and social meet-up events.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 9 people and generated an estimated $293,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Carter Lee Lumber Co.
The 4-acre Carter Lee Lumber Co. Superfund site is in Indianapolis, Indiana. Lumber activities on site contaminated soil and groundwater with heavy metals and other contaminants. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. In 1992, EPA removed lead contamination from the site. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1993. The Carter-Lee Lumber company (now Pro-Build) still operates a lumber storage yard on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. EPA did not have further economic details related to these businesses. For additional information click here.
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Cliff Drive Groundwater Contamination
The Cliff Drive Groundwater Contamination Superfund site is in Logansport, Indiana. The city first found contaminants in the municipal well system in 1994. Contamination is still present in five supply wells. The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) identified more than 20 active and former facilities that are potential contributors to the contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in May 2019. Site investigations are ongoing. Area residents continue to use the municipal water supply for drinking water. Water pumped from the contaminated wells is treated before distribution in the municipal water supply system. The water supply meets Safe Drinking Water Act standards. Commercial, industrial, residential and agricultural areas are located above the plume of contaminated groundwater.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Columbus Old Municipal Landfill #1
The 19-acre Columbus Old Municipal Landfill #1 Superfund site is in Columbus, Indiana. From 1938 to 1966, the city of Columbus (City) ran an unpermitted municipal landfill on site. It accepted household wastes and materials from industrial sources. Waste disposal practices resulted in soil and groundwater contamination. In 1986, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). The City planned to relocate part of State Highway 46 through downtown Columbus. The City’s plan included a road across the landfill and a new bridge across the East Fork of the White River next to the site. EPA’s cleanup plan made sure that this construction would not affect the site’s remedy. Cleanup included installation of. fencing with warning signs, landfill cover inspections and maintenance, installation of more monitoring wells and groundwater monitoring, and land and water use restrictions. The site’s potentially responsible parties led the cleanup. The Indiana Department of Environmental Management provided oversight. The City completed the road and bridge project in 1999.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Continental Steel Corp.
The 183-acre Continental Steel Corp. Superfund site is in Kokomo, Indiana. From 1914 to 1986, a steel manufacturing facility operated on site. Facility operations resulted in soil, sediment, surface water and groundwater contamination. In 1986, Continental Steel filed for bankruptcy. In 1989, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). During cleanup, EPA and the state worked with the community and local developers to support the return of parts of the site to beneficial use. In 1991, a local florist began using an on-site warehouse and sublet part of the property for equipment storage. A construction company purchased part of the site property for equipment storage. EPA also worked with the community to evaluate other reuse opportunities. Part of the cleanup allowed the local government to move forward with a stormwater project that uses the on-site quarry as a stormwater retention/detention basin. EPA worked with Howard County to remove and relocate fill material from an area with poor drainage. This free fill was used at the site, saving the project millions of dollars. The Indiana Department of Environmental Management, the city and EPA also worked to plant prairie grasses, native plants and trees in the former quarry area. Cleanup includes treatment of contaminated groundwater, excavation of contaminated soil and sediment, capping areas of residual contamination, and controls on land and groundwater use. Three wind turbines on site produce over half of the energy needed to power groundwater treatment operations. A traffic circle improves congestion at one of the busiest intersections in the area. The circle’s raised design preserves the soil cover in place and helps address flooding concerns. A community-based redevelopment plan, announced in 2006, called for retail space as well as recreation areas at the site. The first phase of the 60-acre Wildcat Creek Soccer Complex sports facility finished in 2015. At full buildout, it will accommodate 30 youth and full-size soccer fields, a one-and-a-quarter mile walking trail, parking for 400 vehicles, a concession stand, storage facilities and restrooms. The complex has enhanced community access to recreation and outdoor activities. In December 2016, a $10 million solar facility capable of generating about 9.1 million kilowatts of electricity each year began operating at the site. The 29-acre Kokomo Solar Park includes 21,000 solar panels and provides power for up to 1,000 homes. It revitalizes part of the site that had been vacant for decades. In April 2017, EPA Region 5 presented the local government with a RENEW Award in recognition of excellence in site reuse. EPA Region 5 developed the RENEW Award to recognize outstanding efforts in the reuse of Superfund sites that strengthen communities and advance environmental protection.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, economic data were not publicly available for this site. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- From Steel to Solar and Soccer: Mixed-Use Redevelopment in Indiana at the Continental Steel Superfund Site in Kokomo, Indiana (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: Continental Steel Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
- EPA Region 5 RENEW Award
- Solar Farm at Superfund Redevelopment Site in Kokomo, Indiana
Douglass Road/Uniroyal, Inc., Landfill
The 32-acre Douglass Road/Uniroyal, Inc., Landfill Superfund site is in Mishawaka, Indiana. Uniroyal, Inc. operated an unlined landfill on site. It accepted waste from 1954 to 1979. Landfill disposal practices contaminated groundwater under the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Uniroyal, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 1991. EPA funded remaining cleanup efforts. EPA connected residences to municipal water supplies and constructed a landfill cap. Working with local citizens, EPA and the local government successfully designed, built and operated a water filtration buffer system for the site. Construction finished in 2001. The city of Mishawaka later built an infiltration basin for a Douglas Road highway expansion project on site. The state took over operation of the site’s groundwater extraction and wetlands treatment system in 2011. A private entity purchased the landfill parcels in 2018 and discussed its potential future use with EPA. No active uses have been proposed. In September 2020, EPA took part of the site – the Operable Unit 1 Landfill Cap Area – off the NPL. The deletion followed EPA and the Indiana Department of Environmental Management’s documentation of the completion of all appropriate response actions. There are no active uses at the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Elm Street Ground Water Contamination
The 18.5-acre Elm Street Ground Water Contamination Superfund site is in Terre Haute, Indiana. In the 1980s, sampling identified industrial chemicals in Terre Haute’s Elm Street municipal well field. Several area industries likely contributed to the contamination. The three primary source areas are the Gurman Container and Supply property, the Ashland property, and the Machine Tool Services (MTS) property. Operations at the Gurman Container and Supply property started in 1922. The Ashland property hosted a supplier of Texaco products from the 1930s through the 1980s. MTS purchased this property and leased it to companies for waste oil recycling and storage. Historical records from the late 1800s indicate that the MTS property was a locomotive repair and maintenance facility. The MTS facility also stored petroleum products and solvents. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2007. Gurman Container and Supply continues to operate drum recycling and machine tool repair facilities on its property. The Ashland property is vacant, following demolition of buildings and removal of contaminated soil. Ashland completed this work in 2013. The MTS facility hosts a machine tool repair business. The Remedial Design (RD) for the site includes removal of accessible soil contamination, and use restrictions and groundwater monitoring, and the option for the use of a soil vapor extraction system to remove contaminated soil vapors if excavation does not show evidence of decreased groundwater levels. EPA is currently negotiating a Consent Decree with Elm Street PRPs for the planned Remedial Action (RA) at the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 9 people and generated an estimated $7,993,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Fisher-Calo
The Fisher-Calo Superfund site is in the Kingsbury Industrial Development Park (KIDP) in La Porte County, Indiana. Past site uses include the Kingsbury Ordnance Plant, a U.S. government installation that made military ordnance. After the installation’s closure, Fisher-Calo and various subsidiaries began operations at KIDP in the early 1970s. The state of Indiana and EPA found that past site operations resulted in soil and groundwater contamination with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and asbestos. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in September 1983. The site’s long-term remedy included the excavation and off-site disposal of buried drums and PCB-contaminated soils. It also included soil vapor extraction and groundwater pumping and treatment. Construction of the remedy took place from 1994 to 1998. Operation and maintenance activities are ongoing. In 2022, EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences. It documented the need for institutional controls to prevent exposure to contaminated groundwater. The site remains in industrial use. Two chemical manufacturing companies are on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 3 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 142 people and generated an estimated $22,524,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Franklin Street Groundwater Contamination
The Franklin Street Groundwater Contamination Superfund site is in Spencer, Indiana. An area of groundwater contamination has affected several community municipal supply wells. Despite several investigations, the source of contamination has not yet been identified. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2018. EPA will begin a fund lead RI/FS by the end of 2023. Area residents continue to use the municipal water supply for drinking water. Water pumped from the contaminated wells is treated before distribution in the municipal water supply system.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Galen Myers Dump/Drum Salvage
The 5-acre Galen Myers Dump/Drum Salvage Superfund site is in St. Joseph County, Indiana. From 1970 to 1983, the dump accepted 55-gallon steel drums. Dump operators emptied collected drums by spilling their contents on the ground. Operators later resold the drums as trash containers. Working with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), EPA found that dumping had contaminated surface soils and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. EPA and IDEM removed drums, flammable materials and contaminated soils. The agencies also provided alternate water supplies to about 180 homes affected by the contamination. Groundwater monitoring is ongoing. In 2016, EPA sampled indoor air at residences near the site. Based on sampling results, EPA installed vapor mitigation systems at nine properties. These systems will be operated and maintained until no longer needed. In August 2005, an individual purchased the site property. They built a single-family home and two unattached sheds to store equipment for their landscaping business, which also operates on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 4 people and generated an estimated $137,220 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Ingram Richardson Company
The 17-acre Ingram Richardson Company site is in Frankfort, Indiana. From 1915 to 1981, the Ingram Richardson Company produced frit material for steel, cast iron and other porcelain products on site. Waste dumping, a leaking transformer and asbestos-containing building materials contaminated the site. The Frankfort Fire Department cleaned up an oil spill on site in 1990. EPA led further cleanup to remove contaminated soil and debris from the site. Cleanup finished in 1994. To support the community’s interest in understanding the site’s potential for reuse, EPA developed a Ready for Reuse Determination for the site in 2007. The document clarified that the area could support commercial and industrial land uses. Today, a local non-profit organization operates a 14,000-square-foot facility at the site. It offers services to clients with developmental disabilities and their families. A shopping center is also on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 6 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 63 people and generated an estimated $2,338,651 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Jacobsville Neighborhood Soil Contamination
The 4.5-square-mile Jacobsville Neighborhood Soil Contamination Superfund site is in Evansville, Indiana. Several manufacturing companies operated at the site beginning in the 1880s. Windborne particulates from their operations resulted in widespread soil contamination in the community. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2004. Cleanup activities include removal of contaminated soil at residential and high-access properties (e.g., parks, daycares) and backfilling of these areas with clean soil. EPA’s cleanup of two vacant lots in the Jacobsville neighborhood enabled a local nonprofit, the ECHO Housing Corporation, to build a 26-unit residential building for homeless and disabled military veterans, which opened in 2011. EPA has worked with a variety of private developers on projects, including a 119-apartment senior assisted living center that opened in 2018 and an affordable housing complex that opened in 2019. EPA also worked with the city of Evansville during its preparation of a 6-acre area that now hosts the Deaconess Aquatic Center. In December 2021, the site was among those selected by EPA to receive cleanup funding under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). With this funding, EPA is already initiating work on backlogged remedial construction projects and accelerating cleanups at NPL sites. As of June 2022, workers have sampled more than 6,000 properties and cleaned up about 3,800 properties. Cleanup activities have not displaced any residents. The site also supports recreational and ecological reuses. These areas include athletic fields, parks, playgrounds, gardens and other spaces for outdoor activities.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Keystone Corridor Ground Water Contamination
The Keystone Corridor Groundwater Contamination Superfund site is 6 miles northeast of downtown Indianapolis in central Indiana. It includes the Fall Creek well field and potential sources of groundwater contamination. In 1989, sampling found elevated levels of chlorinated organic compounds (CVOCs) in soil near a dry-cleaning facility. Investigations found that past releases of contamination from six properties in the area caused soil contamination and a plume of groundwater contamination that affects municipal wells and neighborhoods. EPA led two time-critical removal actions to clean up the site. EPA dug up and removed more than 2,550 tons of contaminated soil and two underground storage tanks. EPA also checked nearby properties for gases seeping into buildings through cracks and holes in their foundations. These gases can cause unsafe indoor air pollution through a process known as vapor intrusion. EPA put vapor intrusion mitigation systems in buildings where gases accumulated to unsafe levels to address the problem. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2013. In 2018, EPA selected an interim remedy for vapor intrusion in the site’s Interim Record of Decision (ROD). It called for vapor intrusion mitigation systems for commercial, industrial and residential properties in the potential vapor intrusion area of concern. EPA has installed 36 systems to date. In 2020, EPA issued a ROD to address the primary source area of contamination. The selected remedy will apply energy (heat or steam) underground to mobilize, vaporize, capture and treat the contaminants. This process is called in-situ thermal treatment. Once EPA puts this remedy in place and assesses its performance, EPA will select a remedy for groundwater contamination and other potential source areas. In December 2021, the site was among those selected by EPA to receive cleanup funding under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). With this funding, EPA is already initiating work on backlogged remedial construction projects and accelerating cleanups at NPL sites. A used car dealership is active on the primary source area property. Commercial, industrial and residential land areas remain in continued use in the potential vapor intrusion area of concern.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 6 people and generated an estimated $1,090,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Lane Street Ground Water Contamination
The 65-acre Lane Street Ground Water Contamination Superfund site is in Elkhart, Indiana. In 2007, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) and Elkhart County Health Department found high levels of trichloroethylene and other chlorinated solvents in residential wells in the area. The site is a contaminated groundwater plume underneath industrial, commercial and residential properties. IDEM provided area residents with bottled water in August and September 2007. EPA provided point-of-use and whole-house filters in October and November 2007. In 2008, EPA connected 30 homes in the Lane Street area to the city’s public water supply. At present, most homes and businesses at the site get their water from the public water supply. They do not use private wells. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2009. Cleanup includes groundwater treatment and monitoring. Institutional controls restrict land and groundwater uses. Commercial, industrial and residential areas remain in continued use on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Little Mississinewa River
The Little Mississinewa River Superfund site is in Union City, Indiana. It consists of a 7-mile segment of the Little Mississinewa River and its floodplain. Two facilities at the site used PCB oils in their manufacturing processes, contaminating river channel sediments and floodplain soils. The Shelly-Globe facility was a plating facility that also made small motors. The former Westinghouse facility made small engines. EPA did not add the site to the National Priorities List. It is an NPL-caliber site. EPA addresses it through EPA’s Superfund Alternative Approach. Westinghouse and United Technologies Corporation (UTC), the former ultimate parent company of Sheller-Globe Corporation, have been identified as potentially responsible parties (PRPs) at the site. With EPA oversight, the PRPs addressed PCB contamination in the Little Mississinewa River from 1999 to 2010. Cleanup included digging up contaminated sediments and soils and taking them off site for disposal, as well as monitoring and maintenance. Current site uses include several churches, a business and homes.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Lusher Street Ground Water Contamination
The Lusher Street Ground Water Contamination site is in Elkhart, Indiana. It covers about 870 acres. It consists of a groundwater plume contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Operations and spills at several industrial manufacturing facilities in the area caused the contamination. EPA first found the contamination during an investigation of a nearby facility. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2008. EPA investigated potential contamination sources and evaluated the extent of groundwater contamination and the potential for groundwater vapor in buildings. EPA selected the site’s long-term remedy in 2014. Cleanup activities involved connecting about 72 properties to the public water system and putting vapor intrusion mitigation systems in about 200 area homes and buildings. Investigations of parts of the site are ongoing. Continued uses at the site include residential areas, commercial businesses, industrial manufacturers, religious organizations and public bus lines.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Main Street Well Field
The 48-acre Main Street Well Field Superfund site is in Elkhart, Indiana. It includes a 15-well municipal well field. The site is the largest of three well fields owned by the city of Elkhart (the City) and supplies most drinking water for city residents. In 1983, EPA identified groundwater contamination, likely from nearby industrial operations. The same year, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). Under EPA oversight, the site’s potentially responsible parties (PRPs) The Site consists of two (2) operable units (OUs), which encompass the entire Site. OU1 addressed providing an alternate water supply system to the City of Elkhart. OU2 addressed the removal of a paint layer from contaminated soils on industrial property to the East of the well field, groundwater monitoring and the installation of interceptor wells on the East and West Side. In 2001, the City added biking, jogging and walking trails to the site for community use. The City later enhanced the western part of the site. It built the Wellfield Botanic Gardens and added flower gardens, fishponds and artwork to the area. This environmental project established a buffer zone between land and water using native plants. This area provides habitat for ducks, geese, birds and other wildlife. In 2006, several site PRPs declared bankruptcy. Interim institutional controls are in place for the site. The City and site PRPs continue to monitor groundwater to ensure the continued delivery of safe drinking water to local residents.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 19 people and generated an estimated $820,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Neal's Dump (Spencer)
The 1-acre Neal's Dump (Spencer) Superfund site is near Spencer, Indiana. A disposal area for industrial wastes operated on site from 1966 to 1971. Items disposed of at the site include electrical capacitors, capacitor parts, contaminated rags and sawdust. Disposal activities resulted in the contamination of soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. The site’s potentially responsible party (PRP) completed cleanup to residential standards under EPA’s oversight. Cleanup activities included the removal of contaminated materials and capacitors and disposal of these materials at an off-site facility. The PRP backfilled and reseeded the excavated areas. In 1999, EPA took the site off the NPL. The PRP completed cleanup activities at the site in 2003. The site is a residential backyard; it remains in continued use.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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North 5th Street Groundwater Contamination
The North 5th Street Groundwater Contamination Superfund site is located in Goshen, Indiana. The City of Goshen Water Utility operates nine municipal wells across two wellfields for the city. The North Wellfield consists of six total municipal wells and sampling data indicates four wells have been impacted by low level contamination of cis-1,2-DCE. Chlorinated solvents in groundwater were first detected in the City of Goshen’s North Wellfield in 1993. The approximate size of the plume, as measured by samples that meet the criteria for an observed release is 15.14 acres. The state identified more than 67 facilities that used chlorinated solvents within a mile of the Goshen North Wellfield but has not been able to identify a definitive source of the groundwater contamination. Many of these potential source facilities are being addressed under state authorities. The state of Indiana referred the site to EPA because it requires further investigation and may require long-term cleanup. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2022 and is investigating the nature and extent of contamination.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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North Shore Drive
The 70-acre North Shore Drive Superfund site is in Elkhart, Indiana. In 1966, a concerned citizen contacted the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) with complaints of skin irritation caused by water drawn from a private residential well. IDEM sampled residential wells and subsurface soils from nearby properties. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found in the residential well samples. Investigations have not been able to identify the source of contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2014. More investigations are underway to determine the nature and extent of contamination and inform the development of the site’s cleanup plan. A neighborhood and two automotive businesses are located at the source area property.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Pike And Mulberry Streets PCE Plume
The Pike and Mulberry Streets PCE plume Superfund site is in Martinsville, Indiana. A dry cleaning and laundry facility operated on site from January 1986 to November 1991. It is the likely primary source of site contamination. In August 1992, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) removed drums from the facility. IDEM oversaw investigations from 1996 to 1999. In 2002, sampling found tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in a city well. The plume of contaminated groundwater covers 38 acres. The city treats the groundwater with activated carbon before providing it to residents for drinking water. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in May 2013. EPA’s remedial investigation identified elevated levels of contamination in soil vapor in addition to groundwater. In 2021, EPA issued a Record of Decision selecting in-situ chemical reduction for treating groundwater and soil vapor extraction and installation of vapor mitigation systems to address soil vapor contamination. In 2023, EPA began design of the treatment systems and installed mitigation systems on homes and businesses in the area with elevated levels of soil vapor beneath them. EPA will continue to sample homes and businesses for the presence of contaminant vapors and install additional mitigation systems as needed. In December 2021, the site was among those sites selected by EPA to receive cleanup funding under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). With this funding, EPA is already initiating work on backlogged remedial construction projects and accelerating cleanups at NPL sites. The site is a mix of residential properties, city and county buildings, and a number of small commercial businesses.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 4 people and generated an estimated $169,880 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Poer Farm
The 5-acre Poer Farm Superfund site is in a rural area about 3 miles north of Wilkinson, Indiana. From 1973 to 1983, site owners stored drums of solvents and paint resins at the site. Leaking drums resulted in soil contamination. EPA removed all waste and soil from the drum storage areas on site. EPA disposed of contaminated materials at off-site facilities. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. Because EPA had removed contamination, no further cleanup was necessary. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1991. Part of the site is now in agricultural reuse, producing hay for livestock.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Prestolite Battery Division
The 18-acre Prestolite Battery Division Superfund site is northeast of Vincennes in Knox County, Indiana. A battery-making facility was on site from 1945 to 1985. Operators disposed of lead-contaminated sludge and wastewater in a sewer system. Improper waste handling practices and spills contaminated air, soil and surface water. The sewer system leaked wastewater, which contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Cleanup actions included the removal of lead-contaminated soil and long-term monitoring of groundwater, surface water and sediments. Institutional controls are required to limit site and groundwater use. Evaluations of residential buildings near the site screen for contaminated vapors from groundwater concluded in 2022. In 1996, EPA entered into a Prospective Purchaser Agreement (PPA) with a local real estate developer. The PPA resulted in commercial redevelopment at the site. Infrastructure next to the site and the site’s location along a high-traffic roadway also encouraged reuse. Businesses began to open in 2001. Today, they include a home improvement center, several restaurants, two banks and a hotel.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 7 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 225 people and generated an estimated $31,272,650 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. (Indianapolis Plant)
The 120-acre Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. (Indianapolis Plant) Superfund site is in Indianapolis, Indiana. A specialty chemicals production facility has been on site since the early 1950s. Until 1972, a coal-tar refining and wood treatment facility that used creosote was also at the site. Operators used a trench, a landfill and several pits on site to dispose of wastes. A lime pond received boiler cooling water. Waste handling practices resulted in groundwater and soil contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. Cleanup involved extracting groundwater and sending it to the local wastewater treatment plant. It also included a permeable cover for the wood treatment and storage area and removal or treatment of contaminated soil using soil vapor extraction. It also included solidification of coal tar waste with a soil cover over the solidified waste material. In 2021, EPA issued a Record of Decision Amendment changing the groundwater treatment method. The new method involves injecting air into contaminated groundwater to degrade the contaminants. EPA is finalizing a RD/RA consent decree for the site in summer 2023. The design for the updated groundwater remedy is anticipated to be completed by spring 2024. Construction and initial operation of the updated groundwater remedy will be completed by the end of 2024. The current treatment system will shut down once the new system is operational. Developer Hanwha Q CELLS built a 10.8-megawatt solar-energy facility on the southern 43 acres of the site. Maywood Solar Farm was the first utility-scale solar farm on a Superfund site in the nation. It includes nearly 36,000 solar panels. The system is designed to have minimal impact on the integrity of the landfill cover. The facility began operating in February 2014. It sells electricity and environmental credits to a local utility. It offsets annual carbon emissions equivalent to the emissions from more than 1,800 homes. In April 2014, EPA Region 5 honored developer Hanwha Q CELLS with the Region’s first-ever RENEW Award in recognition of its commitment to the site’s safe and beneficial reuse.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 50 people and generated an estimated $32,759,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: A Beneficial Effects Economic Case Study for the Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. (Indianapolis Plant) Site (PDF)
- Utility-Scale Solar Energy Development: Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. (Indianapolis Plant) Superfund Site (PDF)
- EPA Region 5 RENEW Award
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Southside Sanitary Landfill
The 324-acre Southside Sanitary Landfill Superfund site is in Indianapolis, Indiana. Landfill operations began at the site in 1971. In 1984, sampling identified groundwater contamination from site activities. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Cleanup included landfill liquid collection and treatment and groundwater monitoring. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1997. Crossroads Greenhouses, one of the largest methane-powered greenhouses in the United States, has captured more the 2.2 million cubic feet of methane gas each day from the site since 1998. Decomposing waste at the site provides all energy used in the 6.5-acre greenhouse. Landfill gas recovery wells and an intricate pipeline system collect and transport methane gas from the site to other facilities. The Rolls Royce Allison Aircraft Engine Plant began obtaining methane gas from the site’s landfill in 1998. The landfill also provides methane gas to large manufacturing facilities in Wayne Township to produce heat and electricity. Because methane burns much more cleanly than other fuels, the use of this energy source has reduced the plant’s nitrogen oxide emissions. In 1999, a nine-hole golf course opened on site. Ecological uses on site include a small pond and stream. In 2003, the landfill donated land to the Indianapolis School Board for environmental education. Local schoolchildren tour the site as part of their curriculum on landfill science.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 25 people and generated an estimated $12,899,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: Southside Sanitary Landfill (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: Southside Sanitary Landfill Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
U.S. Smelter And Lead Refinery, Inc.
The 79-acre U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Inc. (USS Lead) Superfund site is in East Chicago, Indiana. A copper smelter and a lead refinery and smelter were on site from 1906 to 1985. A pesticide manufacturer also operated nearby. Their activities resulted in the contamination of soil and groundwater with lead and arsenic. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2009. It has two areas – a residential area and the USS Lead facility property plus site groundwater. The residential area has three zones. Zone 1 is a part of a neighborhood that includes the former Carrie Gosch Elementary School and a former public housing complex run by the East Chicago Housing Authority. Zones 2 and 3 are mostly single-family homes. In 2012, EPA selected cleanup activities for the residential area. Cleanup included removal and off-site disposal of contaminated soil. EPA led in-home cleaning at the housing complex in Zone 1 in 2016. After the relocation of residents, the East Chicago Housing Authority demolished the housing complex in 2018. In 2019, cleanup addressed the former Carrie Gosch Elementary School and an adjacent utility corridor in Zone 1. After soil cleanups and in-home cleanings in Zone 2 and Zone 3, EPA took 671 properties off the NPL in 2020. Also in 2020, the city of East Chicago rezoned Zone 1 from residential use to light industrial use. In 2022, a developer purchased the property to build a warehouse and transportation logistics center. EPA updated the cleanup plan for Zone 1 to reflect the anticipated land use as commercial or light industrial. Soil cleanup in Zone 1 is scheduled to begin in July 2023 and expected to be complete by the end of 2023. After cleanup is complete, the redevelopment of the 50-acre Zone 1 will begin. Continued site uses include residential, commercial and industrial areas. The site also hosts public-service uses, including a fire station, churches and a public park. In 2017, EPA completed a Superfund Job Training Initiative program at the site. Fifteen people graduated, equipped with technical skills and specialized training to work on a broad range of construction projects, including Superfund cleanups.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 33 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 589 people and generated an estimated $64,183,387 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
Waste, Inc., Landfill
The 32-acre Waste, Inc., Landfill Superfund site is on a former wetland area in Michigan City, Indiana. From 1966 to 1982, the site accepted industrial wastes. Site practices resulted in contamination in soil, groundwater and sediment of Trail Creek, which borders the landfill and eventually discharges into Lake Michigan. In 1987, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). Cleanup activities included abandonment of a well, removal and disposal of an underground fuel storage tank, and placement of fish advisory signs along Trail Creek. The cleanup plan also required consolidating waste, lining an active sewer line and putting in a landfill liquid collection system. In 1997, the potentially responsible parties (PRPs) capped the landfill and put in a gas collection system. Landfill gas, surface water and groundwater monitoring are ongoing. After cleanup, EPA took the site off the NPL in 2008. Michigan City owns the site property. In May 2021, the locality completed a walking and biking trail extension. It uses the site’s eastern and southern haul roads for recreation. The trail extension is part of a larger master planning process for the Trail Creek Corridor.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Ready for Reuse: Waste, Inc., Landfill Property (PDF)
- Reuse Assessment: Waste, Inc., Landfill (2012) (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Whiteford Sales & Service Inc./Nationalease
The 11-acre Whiteford Sales & Service Inc./Nationalease Superfund site is in South Bend, Indiana. From 1967 to 1983, a truck washing and degreasing facility operated on site. Wastewater discharged into three dry wells on site, contaminating soil and groundwater. In 1980, St. Joseph County purchased the site property for use in the planned realignment of an adjacent street and construction of an overpass. In 1983, the county used soil from the site for the new overpass. Engineers soon discovered the three dry wells and contaminated soil. The potentially responsible party removed the sludge and surrounding contaminated soil from the wells and disposed of it properly. In 1990, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). EPA determined that cleanup had removed all contamination. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1996. Today, a stormwater retention basin is on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
For more information: